CN109228410B - Fiber reinforced composite material impregnation system, resin fiber mixing die and application thereof - Google Patents
Fiber reinforced composite material impregnation system, resin fiber mixing die and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109228410B CN109228410B CN201811221587.3A CN201811221587A CN109228410B CN 109228410 B CN109228410 B CN 109228410B CN 201811221587 A CN201811221587 A CN 201811221587A CN 109228410 B CN109228410 B CN 109228410B
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- storage tank
- injection ports
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010097 foam moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/523—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement in the die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/526—Pultrusion dies, e.g. dies with moving or rotating parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system, comprising: a dispensing apparatus that supplies a resin base material; a compounding device connected to the compounding device, configured to uniformly mix the resin base material from the compounding device; the storage tank is connected with the mixing equipment, a pressurizing port is arranged on the storage tank, and a plurality of feed ports are arranged below the storage tank; and the plurality of glue injection ports of the resin fiber mixing die are arranged below the plurality of feed ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The impregnation system has high mechanization degree, high efficiency and stable production efficiency, and solves the problems of uneven impregnation of fiber and resin matrix, high cost, limited size of formed products and the like existing in alternative kneading of multiple shifts.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to, but is not limited to, the formation of fiber reinforced composites, and in particular, but not limited to, an impregnation system for fiber reinforced composites and resin fiber mixing dies and applications thereof.
Background
In the fiber reinforced polyurethane foam molding technique, in order to achieve efficient reinforcement of foamed polyurethane foam with bundles of continuous long fibers, a sufficiently uniform impregnation between the two is required. The dipping section in the existing fiber reinforced polyurethane foam plastic molding process adopts a mode of alternately rubbing by a plurality of shifts. The dipping effect of this mode is unstable, and particularly when the production is carried out for a long time, the fatigue feeling of workers is increased, the concentration degree is lowered, and the dipping effect is lowered. In addition, the polyurethane resin is cured after foaming is completed, so that it is necessary to complete infiltration of the continuous long fibers before foaming of the polyurethane resin is completed in the production of the composite tie. However, the foaming time of polyurethane resin is shorter, and when large-size products are produced, the resin matrix material and fibers cannot be fully infiltrated in a short time by adopting a manual kneading infiltration mode, so that the size of a formed product is limited, the large-size synthetic sleeper meeting the requirement of railway can not be obtained through one-step forming, only small-size products can be formed first, and then the large-size synthetic sleeper can be formed through a multi-layer bonding mode. Therefore, the processing cost is increased, the production efficiency is reduced, and the risk of cracking of the bonding surface exists in a bonding mode, so that the running safety of the train is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
The application provides a fiber reinforced composite material impregnating system, a resin fiber mixing die and application thereof, wherein the impregnating system can solve the problems of poor impregnating effect, insufficient stability, high labor cost, limited size of a formed product and the like in the traditional manual kneading impregnating forming.
Specifically, the present application provides a resin fiber mixing mold, the mold comprising:
the plastic injection device comprises a cylindrical body, wherein two ends of the body are respectively provided with a die inlet and a die outlet, and a plurality of plastic injection ports are arranged on the upper surface of the body;
the device comprises a body, a preformed frame, a plurality of molding holes and a plurality of molding holes, wherein the preformed frame is arranged on the body and is arranged on the mold inlet of the body, or the preformed frame is arranged on the body and is arranged on the mold inlet and the mold outlet of the body respectively; and
the two height-adjusting baffles can move up and down, and are inserted on the upper frame of the preformed frame and/or are inserted on the upper surface of the body at positions close to the die inlet and/or the die outlet.
In embodiments of the present application, the plurality of glue injection ports may extend into the interior of the body, and the depth of the plurality of glue injection ports within the body may decrease in a direction away from the die inlet.
In an embodiment of the present application, the plurality of glue injection ports may be configured to be capable of moving up and down.
In the embodiment of the application, the plurality of glue injection ports may be disposed on one side of the upper surface of the body, which is close to the die inlet, and may be disposed in a row along the direction in which the fibers move, and a distance between two adjacent rows of glue injection ports may be 50mm to 300mm.
In the embodiment of the application, the glue injection ports may be provided with 3 rows, the depth of the row of the glue injection ports closest to the die inlet in the body may be 100 mm-140 mm, and the depth of the row of the glue injection ports farthest from the die inlet in the body may be 30 mm-70 mm.
The present application also provides a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system, the impregnation system comprising:
a dispensing apparatus that supplies a resin base material;
a compounding device connected to the compounding device, configured to uniformly mix the resin base material from the compounding device;
the storage tank is connected with the mixing equipment, a pressurizing port is arranged on the storage tank, and a plurality of feed ports are arranged below the storage tank; and
the resin fiber mixing mould is characterized in that the plurality of glue injection ports of the resin fiber mixing mould are arranged below the plurality of feed ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In the embodiment of the application, a pipeline can be connected below the storage tank, the pipeline is divided into a plurality of branch pipelines, and the plurality of feed inlets are respectively formed on the plurality of branch pipelines.
In an embodiment of the present application, the impregnation system may further include a mechanical vibration device provided downstream of the die outlet of the resin fiber mixing die and configured to be capable of vibrating up and down to flap the fibers coming out of the die outlet.
In an embodiment of the present application, the mechanical vibration device may be a flat panel vibration trowel.
In an embodiment of the present application, the mechanical vibration device may include at least one crankshaft rotary vibration rod configured to be capable of vibrating up and down and rotating toward the direction in which the fiber moves, the crankshaft rotary vibration rod being provided with a plurality of rings of grooves on an outer circumferential surface of a rod-shaped body.
The present application also provides the use of an impregnation system as described above, comprising:
arranging fibers into the resin fiber mixing mold against the lower inner wall of the resin fiber mixing mold, and moving the two height-adjusting baffles downwards until the two height-adjusting baffles are in contact with the fibers, so that the two height-adjusting baffles limit the thickness of the fibers and seal the die inlet and the die outlet;
the material mixing equipment is used for feeding resin matrix materials to the material mixing equipment, uniformly mixing the resin matrix materials in the material mixing equipment, and then conveying the uniformly mixed resin matrix materials to the material storage tank;
continuously pressurizing the storage tank through the pressurizing port;
and pouring a resin matrix material into the fibers in the resin fiber mixing die through the plurality of feed ports, and pulling the fibers to move along the direction from the die inlet to the die outlet.
In an embodiment of the present application, the pressure in the storage tank may be 0.1Mpa to 0.5Mpa during casting of the resin matrix material.
In an embodiment of the present application, the application may further include: after exiting the die opening, the fibers are drawn into a working area of a mechanical vibration device that vibrates up and down to flap the fibers.
The impregnation system of the fiber reinforced composite material adopts a high-pressure mixed impregnation technology to replace manual kneading impregnation, so that the mechanization degree of the system is improved, the impregnation system not only has high-efficiency and stable production efficiency, but also solves the problems of uneven impregnation of fibers and resin matrixes, high cost, limited size of a formed product and the like existing in manual kneading impregnation. When the impregnation system comprises a mechanical vibration device, the impregnation effect can be further improved and the sufficient impregnation of the fibers can be rapidly completed.
The impregnation system of the fiber reinforced composite material can realize the impregnation of the resin matrix material, especially the high-viscosity resin matrix material, the foaming resin matrix material and the like to the fiber reinforced materials such as chopped fibers, continuous fibers and the like.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the technical aspects of the present application, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the technical aspects of the present application and together with the examples of the present application, and not constitute a limitation of the technical aspects of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a resin fiber mixing mold provided with two pre-forming frames according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the resin fiber mixing mold of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the resin fiber mixing mold of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of a resin fiber mixing die according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a gel state diagram of a gel injection port of the resin fiber mixing mold according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system including a flat panel vibration trowelling machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat panel vibration trowelling machine according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a fiber reinforced composite impregnation system including a crankshaft rotary vibration rod according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft rotary vibration rod according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 11 is a front view of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod of fig. 10.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a mechanical vibration device including a crankshaft rotary vibration rod according to an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the cam according to the embodiment of the application.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a rotating guide rod according to an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a crankshaft rod fixing seat according to an embodiment of the application.
The reference numerals in the drawings are:
1-resin fiber mixing die 11-body 111-die inlet
112-die opening 113-glue injection opening 12-preformed frame
13-heightening baffle 2-batching equipment 21-black tank
22-white jar 23-dryer 24-stirrer
25-metering pump 3-mixing equipment 4-storage tank
41-supercharging port 42-feeding port 5-flat plate vibration trowelling machine
6-crankshaft rotation vibration rod 61-groove 62-saw tooth
7-motor 8-cam and rotating guide rod combined structure 81-cam
811-first gear 812-cam guide 82-rotation guide
821-connecting rod 822-rotating rod 823-mounting hole
83-crankshaft rod holder 831-second gear 100-fiber
200-resin matrix Material
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other.
The embodiment of the application provides a resin fiber mixing mold 1, as shown in fig. 1-2, the resin fiber mixing mold 1 comprises a cylindrical body 11, a preformed frame 12 and two height-adjusting baffles 13 which can move up and down.
The two ends of the body 11 are respectively provided with a die inlet 111 and a die outlet 112, and a plurality of glue injection ports 113 are arranged on the upper surface of the body 11. The body 11 may include an upper plate, and the plurality of glue injection ports 113 may be provided on the upper plate. The upper plate may be detachably coupled to other portions forming the body 11, for example, by snap or bolt fastening.
The preform frame 12 may be provided with one or two. In the resin fiber mixing mold 1 shown in fig. 1-2, the preform frame 12 is provided with two, which are respectively provided on the inlet 111 and the outlet 112 of the body 11. In other embodiments, only one preform frame 12 may be provided on the inlet 111 of the body 11. The preform frame 12 may be bonded to the inlet 111 by adhesive means or by bolting means or to both the inlet 111 and the outlet 112. The preform frame 12 may be a rectangular frame, which may be approximately the same size as the cavity of the body 11.
In the production process, the arrangement width of the continuous fibers is generally larger than the cavity width of the body 11 of the resin fiber mixing die 1, and at this time, the arrangement width of the continuous fibers can be contracted by the preform frame 12 of the inlet 111.
The two height-adjusting baffles 13 can be inserted on the upper side frame of the preformed frame 12; or, inserted on the upper surface of the body 11, for example, at a position of the upper plate of the body 11 near the die inlet 111 and the die outlet 112; alternatively, one height-adjusting baffle 13 is inserted on the upper rim of the preformed frame 12, and the other height-adjusting baffle 13 is inserted on the upper plate of the body 11.
The height-adjusting baffle 13 has the function of limiting the arrangement thickness of the continuous fibers on the one hand and closing the die inlet 111 and the die outlet 112 on the other hand, so that the resin matrix material is prevented from splashing out of the two ends of the die during high-pressure glue injection.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the plurality of glue injection ports 113 may extend into the interior of the body 11, and the depth of the plurality of glue injection ports 113 within the body 11 may decrease in a direction away from the die inlet 111 such that the plurality of glue injection ports 113 are stepped within the body 11. As shown in fig. 5, the largest-depth glue injection port 113 may be used to inject glue to the bottom fiber 100, the middle-depth glue injection port 113 may be used to inject glue to the middle fiber 100, and the smallest-depth glue injection port 113 may be used to inject glue to the upper fiber 100, so that the resin matrix material 200 is uniformly distributed in the fibers.
The plurality of glue injection ports 113 may be configured to be movable up and down so that the depth thereof inside the body 11 may be adjusted.
The plurality of glue injection ports 113 may be disposed on a side of the upper surface of the body 11, which is close to the die inlet 111, and may be disposed in a row along a direction in which the fibers move, and a distance between two adjacent rows of glue injection ports 113 may be 50mm to 300mm.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the glue injection ports 113 may be provided with 3 rows, and the depth of the row of glue injection ports 113 closest to the die inlet 111 inside the body 11 may be 100 mm-140 mm, and the depth of the row of glue injection ports 113 farthest from the die inlet 111 inside the body may be 30 mm-70 mm.
The embodiment of the application also provides a fiber reinforced composite material impregnation system, as shown in fig. 6, which comprises the resin fiber mixing die 1, the batching equipment 2, the mixing equipment 3 and the storage tank 4.
The dispensing apparatus 2 supplies a resin base material. The batching equipment 2 can include a black tank 21 for holding isocyanate and a white tank 22 for holding polyol and auxiliary agents (foam stabilizer, foaming agent, anti-aging agent, flame retardant, ultraviolet absorbent and the like), a dryer 23 is arranged at the upper end of the black tank 21, so that the isocyanate and water can be prevented from being contacted and subjected to chemical reaction, and a stirrer 24 is arranged in the white tank 22, so that various raw materials in the white tank 22 can be uniformly stirred. The lower ends of the black tank 21 and the white tank 22 may be connected to the upper end of the mixing device 3 through pipes, respectively. A metering pump 25 may be disposed on the pipe between the black tank 21 and the mixing device 3 and the pipe between the white tank 22 and the mixing device 3, respectively, for controlling the feeding amounts of the raw materials in the black tank 21 and the white tank 22, respectively.
The mixing device 3 is connected to the dosing device 2 and is configured to mix the resin matrix material from the dosing device 2 uniformly.
The material storage tank 4 is connected with the material mixing device 3, a pressurizing port 41 is arranged on the material storage tank 4, and a plurality of material supply ports 42 are arranged below the material storage tank. A pipeline may be connected below the storage tank 4, and the pipeline is divided into a plurality of branch pipelines, and outlets of the plurality of branch pipelines may be used as the plurality of feed inlets 42.
The plurality of glue injection ports 113 of the resin fiber mixing mold 1 are disposed below the plurality of feed ports 42 in a one-to-one correspondence.
The impregnation system of the embodiment of the application may further include a mechanical vibration device disposed downstream of the die opening of the resin fiber mixing die and configured to vibrate up and down to flap the fibers exiting the die opening.
The mechanical vibration device may be a flat plate vibration trowel 5 (as shown in fig. 7), and the flat plate vibration trowel 5 may be disposed downstream of the die outlet 112 of the resin fiber mixing die 1. As shown in fig. 8, the flat vibration trowelling machine 5 may include a vibration impregnating plate 51, a fixing base 52, a vibration motor 53, and an upper fixing base 54. The vibration impregnation plate 51 is fixed to the vibration motor 53 through the fixing base 52, and is driven by the vibration motor 53 to vibrate up and down, so that the fibers coming out of the die opening are beaten, the resin matrix material is caused to enter the inside of the fibers, and the fibers are sufficiently impregnated. The power, voltage and vibration frequency of the vibration motor 53 may be set according to the dipping effect, for example, the power may be 250W, the voltage may be 220V, and the vibration frequency may be 3000 times per minute. The plate vibration trowelling machine 5 can be fixed through the upper fixing seat 54.
The mechanical vibration device may include at least one crankshaft rotary vibration bar 6 (as shown in fig. 9), and the crankshaft rotary vibration bar 6 may be disposed downstream of the die outlet 112 of the resin fiber mixing die 1. And the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 6 is configured to be capable of vibrating up and down and rotating in a direction in which the fiber moves. As shown in fig. 10 to 11, a plurality of rings of grooves 61 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rod-like body of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 6. In fig. 10-11, the recess 61 is triangular and may be rectangular in other embodiments. The portion of the stick-shaped body where the recess 61 is not provided forms serrations 62. In operation, the crankshaft rotary vibration bar 6 continuously contacts and beats the fibers by vibrating up and down and rotating in the direction of fiber movement, and the serrations 62 thereon assist the resin matrix material on the fiber surface into the fiber interior. The crankshaft rotary vibration rod 6 may be provided in plural, for example, 3. The plurality of crankshaft rotary vibrating bars 6 can be uniformly distributed on the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fiber and are used for vibrating and beating the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fiber respectively so as to fully impregnate the fiber with the resin matrix material.
The rotational linear velocity of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod may be identical to the moving velocity of the fiber. The vibration amplitude of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod can be-50 mm to 50mm. The diameter of the crankshaft rotary vibrating rod can be 20 mm-200 mm. The length of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod can be 100 mm-1000 mm. The depth of the groove of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod can be 10 mm-100 mm. The tooth spacing of the crankshaft rotary vibration rod can be 10 mm-100 mm.
The crankshaft rotary vibration rod 6 is capable of vibrating up and down and rotating in the direction of fiber movement by the drive device connected thereto. The driving device may be a device commonly used in the mechanical field to achieve the above functions, for example, a cam and rotating guide rod combined structure. As shown in fig. 12, the driving apparatus may include a motor 7 and two cam and rotation guide bar combined structures 8. The crankshaft rotary vibration rod 6 is fixed between the two cam and rotating guide rod combined structures 8, wherein one cam and rotating guide rod combined structure 8 is connected with a motor shaft of the motor 7, is driven by the motor 7 and then drives the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 6 to vibrate up and down and rotate towards the direction of fiber movement. The cam and rotating guide rod combined structure 8 comprises a cam 81, a rotating guide rod 82 and a crankshaft rod fixing seat 83. The motor 7 is disposed at one side of the cam 81. As shown in fig. 13, a first gear 811 and a cam guide groove 812 are provided on a side of the cam 81 remote from the motor 7, and the cam guide groove 812 is provided around the first gear 811. As shown in fig. 14, the rotation guide 82 includes a connection rod 821 and a rotation rod 822, wherein the connection rod 821 of one cam and rotation guide combination 8 is connected with a motor shaft of the motor, and the rotation rod 822 is provided with a mounting hole 823. As shown in fig. 15, a second gear 831 is disposed at one end of the crankshaft rod fixing base 83, the other end is fixedly connected to the crankshaft rotary vibration rod, the end of the crankshaft rod fixing base 83 provided with the second gear 831 is inserted into the cam guide groove 812 after passing through the mounting hole 823, and the first gear 811 is meshed with the second gear 831. When the rotary guide rod device works, the motor 7 is started, the rotary guide rod 82 connected with the motor 7 synchronously rotates along with the motor 7, and meanwhile, the crank rod fixing seat 83 penetrating through the rotary guide rod 82 is driven to rotate in the cam guide groove 812. The crankshaft rotary vibration rod 6 connected to the crankshaft rod fixing seat 83 rotates along with the rotating guide rod 82, and the crankshaft rotary vibration rod 6 rotates under the drive of the second gear 831.
The embodiment of the application also provides application of the impregnation system, which comprises the following steps:
arranging fibers into the resin fiber mixing die 1 against the lower inner wall of the resin fiber mixing die 1, and moving the two height-adjusting baffles 13 downward until contacting the fibers, thereby causing the two height-adjusting baffles 13 to define the thickness of the fibers and seal the die inlet 111 and the die outlet 112;
the batching device 2 supplies resin matrix materials to the batching device 3, uniformly mixes the resin matrix materials in the batching device 3, and then conveys the uniformly mixed resin matrix materials into the storage tank 4;
continuously pressurizing the storage tank 4 through the pressurizing port 41;
the resin matrix material is poured into the fibers in the resin fiber mixing die 1 through the plurality of feed ports 42, and the fibers are pulled to move in the direction from the die inlet 111 to the die outlet 112.
In the embodiment of the present application, an air compressor may be used to deliver air to the storage tank 4 through the pressurizing port 41, so as to continuously pressurize the storage tank 4.
In the process of casting the resin matrix material, the pressure in the storage tank may be 0.1Mpa to 0.5Mpa. And the pressure in the storage tank can be adjusted in real time according to the impregnation result, and when the impregnation effect is poor, the pressure can be properly increased.
The application of the impregnation system provided by the embodiment of the application can further include: and detecting the impregnation effect of the resin matrix material on the fibers, and adjusting the impregnation process. When the impregnation effect is not expected, adjusting the impregnation process may include increasing the pressure in the tank or adding a mechanical vibration device downstream of the resin fiber mixing die, by which the fibers are impregnated again.
The impregnation system of the fiber reinforced composite material can realize the impregnation of the resin matrix material, especially the high-viscosity resin matrix material, the foaming resin matrix material and the like to the fiber reinforced materials such as chopped fibers, continuous fibers and the like. When the fiber reinforcement contains chopped fibers, the chopped fibers may be added in two ways: 1. mixing a resin matrix material with chopped fibers by adopting a high-pressure foaming machine capable of premixing the chopped fibers, and then casting the mixture of the resin matrix and the chopped fibers on the surface of continuous fibers by adopting an impregnation system of the application, and impregnating the continuous fibers; 2. after the resin matrix material is cast on the continuous fibers by adopting the impregnation system, the chopped fibers are directly sprayed on the surfaces of the fibers on which the resin matrix material is cast, and then the resin matrix material, the chopped fibers and the continuous fibers are mixed and impregnated by adopting the mechanical vibration equipment of the impregnation system.
When the composite sleeper is produced, the fiber impregnated by the impregnation system provided by the embodiment of the application is sent into a foaming mold to be solidified and molded, and the composite sleeper can be obtained. The production of the composite sleeper with any size can be realized by adjusting the positions, the number, the injection pressure (namely the pressure in the storage tank) and other parameters of the glue injection ports and the resin fiber mixing die with corresponding sizes.
Example 1
The fiber is impregnated by the impregnation system of the fiber reinforced composite material. Wherein the impregnating system does not include mechanical vibration equipment, and the pressure in the storage tank is about 0.2Mpa during casting of the resin matrix material. Setting the glue supply amount (namely the dosage of the resin matrix material) as 22kg/min, the production speed as 0.8m/min, the mass ratio of the fiber to the resin matrix material as 1:1, the size of a molding equipment cavity as 260X 260 (mm), the glass fiber dosage as 2140 bundles as 9600Tex, and producing 760kg/m with the molding section size as 260X 260 (mm) 3 Is a composite tie. The performance of the resulting composite tie was tested according to standard CJ-T399-2012-polyurethane foam composite tie, with the main test results shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Detecting items | Unit (B) | Sample test results at 1 hour | Sample test results at 3 hours |
| Apparent density of | kg/m 3 | 760 | 760 |
| Pulling resistance of screw spike | kN | 70 | 75 |
| Bending resistance of finished products | kN | 182 | 178 |
| Flexural Strength | MPa | 135 | 139 |
| Flexural modulus | GPa | 10.5 | 11.2 |
| Compressive Strength | MPa | 85 | 82 |
| Shear strength | MPa | 8.9 | 9.3 |
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 only in that: the fibers are impregnated by adopting a manual shift kneading mode to prepare the composite sleeper with the thickness of about 87mm, and then 3 composite sleepers are bonded together to obtain the sleeper with the thickness of 260 mm. The main performance test results of the resulting composite tie are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Detecting items | Unit (B) | Sample test results at 1 h | Sample test results at 3 hours |
| Apparent density of | kg/m 3 | 760 | 760 |
| Pulling resistance of screw spike | kN | 68 | 65 |
| Bending resistance of finished products | kN | 180 | 170 |
| Flexural Strength | MPa | 130 | 120 |
| Flexural modulus | GPa | 9.8 | 9.3 |
| Compressive Strength | MPa | 82 | 73 |
| Shear strength | MPa | 8.2 | 7.8 |
Example 2
The fiber is impregnated by the impregnation system of the fiber reinforced composite material. The impregnating system comprises a flat vibration trowelling machine or 3 crankshaft rotary vibrating rods respectively arranged at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the fiber, and the pressure in the storage tank is about 0.25Mpa in the process of pouring the resin matrix material. Setting the glue supply amount (namely the dosage of the resin matrix material) to be 25kg/min, the production speed to be 0.8m/min, the mass ratio of the fiber to the resin matrix material to be 1:1, the size of a molding equipment cavity to be 260X 260 (mm), and the glass fiber dosage of 9600Tex to be 2394 bundles, and producing and molding850kg/m with a cross-sectional dimension of 260X 260 (mm) 3 Is a composite tie. The performance of the resulting composite tie was tested according to standard CJ-T399-2012-polyurethane foam composite tie, with the main test results shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Detecting items | Unit (B) | Sample test results at 1 hour | Sample test results at 3 hours |
| Apparent density of | kg/m 3 | 850 | 850 |
| Pulling resistance of screw spike | kN | 82 | 88 |
| Bending resistance of finished products | kN | 190 | 195 |
| Flexural Strength | MPa | 128 | 123 |
| Flexural modulus | GPa | 10.3 | 10.2 |
| Compressive Strength | MPa | 90 | 92 |
| Shear strength | MPa | 11 | 11.5 |
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 2 only in that: the fibers are impregnated by adopting a manual shift kneading mode to prepare the composite sleeper with the thickness of about 87mm, and then 3 composite sleepers are bonded together to obtain the sleeper with the thickness of 260 mm. The main performance test results of the resulting composite tie are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Detecting items | Unit (B) | Sample test results at 1 hour | Sample test results at 3 hours |
| Apparent density of | kg/m 3 | 850 | 850 |
| Pulling resistance of screw spike | kN | 78 | 76 |
| Bending resistance of finished products | kN | 180 | 178 |
| Flexural Strength | MPa | 125 | 110 |
| Flexural modulus | GPa | 9.8 | 8.9 |
| Compressive Strength | MPa | 81 | 76 |
| Shear strength | MPa | 10.3 | 9.2 |
The mechanical properties of the sleeper (the pulling resistance of the threaded spike, the bending resistance of a finished product, the bending strength, the bending modulus, the compressive strength and the shearing strength) can reflect the impregnation effect of the resin on the fibers when the sleeper is produced. As can be seen from comparing the data in tables 1 and 2 and tables 3 and 4, the mechanical properties of the synthetic sleepers obtained in the 1 st hour and the 3 rd hour of the same impregnating system by impregnating the fibers with the impregnating system according to the embodiment of the present application are almost unchanged, which indicates that the impregnating effect of the impregnating system according to the embodiment of the present application is very stable and does not decrease with the extension of the production time; the mechanical properties of the composite sleeper obtained by adopting the mode of alternately rubbing the multiple shifts can meet the use requirements of the sleeper (realized by the shifts of the multiple shifts), but the mechanical properties are slightly poorer than those of the composite sleeper obtained by adopting the impregnation system of the embodiment of the application, and the mechanical properties are unstable, so that the impregnation effect of the fiber is greatly influenced by manpower.
In addition, when the production is carried out for a long time, the fatigue feeling of workers is increased, the concentration degree is reduced, and the dipping effect is obviously reduced. In order to produce qualified sleepers, the traditional impregnation method has to put more manpower into shift, so the application has the advantages of greatly reducing the labor cost of production and solving the defects of instability and the like of the multi-person shift operation of the traditional manual kneading impregnation process. Moreover, the dipping system can achieve a good dipping effect in a short time, can obtain a composite sleeper with a larger size by one-step molding, meets the railway use requirement, and avoids the risk of bonding cracking.
Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the embodiments are only used for facilitating understanding of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application pertains will be able to make any modifications and variations in form and detail of implementation without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, but the scope of the application is still subject to the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (11)
1. A resin fiber mixing mold, the resin being a foamed polyurethane and a high viscosity resin, the mold comprising:
the plastic injection device comprises a cylindrical body, wherein two ends of the body are respectively provided with a die inlet and a die outlet, and a plurality of plastic injection ports are arranged on the upper surface of the body; wherein the plurality of glue injection ports extend into the interior of the body, and the depth of the plurality of glue injection ports in the interior of the body decreases in a direction away from the die inlet; the plurality of glue injection ports are configured to be capable of moving up and down;
the device comprises a body, a preformed frame, a plurality of molding holes and a plurality of molding holes, wherein the preformed frame is arranged on the body and is arranged on the mold inlet of the body, or the preformed frame is arranged on the body and is arranged on the mold inlet and the mold outlet of the body respectively; and
the two height-adjusting baffles can move up and down, and are inserted on the upper frame of the preformed frame and/or are inserted on the upper surface of the body at positions close to the die inlet and/or the die outlet.
2. The resin fiber mixing mold according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of glue injection ports are provided on a side of the upper surface of the body near the inlet port and are arranged in a row in a direction in which the fibers move, and a distance between two adjacent rows of glue injection ports is 50mm to 300mm.
3. The resin fiber mixing mold according to claim 2, wherein the injection ports are provided with 3 rows, a depth of a row of injection ports closest to the die inlet port in the body is 100mm to 140mm, and a depth of a row of injection ports farthest from the die inlet port in the body is 30mm to 70mm.
4. A fiber reinforced composite impregnation system, the impregnation system comprising:
a dispensing apparatus that supplies a resin base material;
a compounding device connected to the compounding device, configured to uniformly mix the resin base material from the compounding device;
the storage tank is connected with the mixing equipment, a pressurizing port is arranged on the storage tank, and a plurality of feed ports are arranged below the storage tank; and
the resin fiber mixing mold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the plurality of glue injection ports of the resin fiber mixing mold being disposed one-to-one below the plurality of feed ports.
5. The impregnation system of claim 4, wherein one pipe is connected below the storage tank, the one pipe being divided into a plurality of branch pipes, the plurality of feed ports being formed in the plurality of branch pipes, respectively.
6. The impregnation system of claim 4, further comprising a mechanical vibration device disposed downstream of the die opening of the resin fiber mixing die and configured to vibrate up and down to flap the fibers exiting the die opening.
7. The impregnation system of claim 6, wherein the mechanical vibration device is a flat panel vibration trowel.
8. The impregnation system of claim 6, wherein the mechanical vibration device comprises at least one crankshaft rotary vibration bar configured to be capable of vibrating up and down and rotating toward a direction in which the fiber moves, the crankshaft rotary vibration bar having a plurality of rings of grooves provided on an outer circumferential surface of the rod-shaped body.
9. Use of the impregnation system of any of claims 4-8, comprising:
arranging fibers into the resin fiber mixing mold against the lower inner wall of the resin fiber mixing mold, and moving the two height-adjusting baffles downwards until the two height-adjusting baffles are in contact with the fibers, so that the two height-adjusting baffles limit the thickness of the fibers and seal the die inlet and the die outlet;
the material mixing equipment is used for feeding resin matrix materials to the material mixing equipment, uniformly mixing the resin matrix materials in the material mixing equipment, and then conveying the uniformly mixed resin matrix materials to the material storage tank;
continuously pressurizing the storage tank through the pressurizing port;
and pouring a resin matrix material into the fibers in the resin fiber mixing die through the plurality of feed ports, and pulling the fibers to move along the direction from the die inlet to the die outlet.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the pressure in the storage tank during casting of the resin matrix material is between 0.1Mpa and 0.5Mpa.
11. The use of claim 9 or 10, further comprising: after exiting the die opening, the fibers are drawn into a working area of a mechanical vibration device that vibrates up and down to flap the fibers.
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| CN201811221587.3A CN109228410B (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | Fiber reinforced composite material impregnation system, resin fiber mixing die and application thereof |
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| CN110126302B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2023-10-20 | 湖州守真新材料科技有限公司 | Foaming device, continuous production line and production method of fiber reinforced foam composite material |
| CN112691854B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-04-08 | 联亚智能科技（苏州）有限公司 | Viscous rubber material supply system for tire |
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