CN108504085A - A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108504085A CN108504085A CN201810630721.9A CN201810630721A CN108504085A CN 108504085 A CN108504085 A CN 108504085A CN 201810630721 A CN201810630721 A CN 201810630721A CN 108504085 A CN108504085 A CN 108504085A
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- sleeper
- composite
- steel band
- polyurethane
- glass fibre
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- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008542 thermal sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl methylphosphonate Chemical compound COP(C)(=O)OC VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001340 2-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical class ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- ANHAEBWRQNIPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCCCl ANHAEBWRQNIPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBGBEUITCPENLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bunazosin hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1CN(C(=O)CCC)CCCN1C1=NC(N)=C(C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2)C2=N1 NBGBEUITCPENLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007592 spray painting technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4816—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature mixtures of two or more polyetherpolyols having at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/791—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups
- C08G18/794—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups formed by oligomerisation of aromatic isocyanates or isothiocyanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleepers and preparation method thereof, wherein sleeper includes by the primary ontology laminated into type of polyurethane resin, if being horizontally arranged with the dried layer composite felt of lateral humidification in ontology, the fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification has been equipped in the polyurethane resin between adjacent composite felt；The fiber yarn layer accounts for the 65~75% of sleeper total weight with composite felt；Polyurethane resin accounts for the 25~35% of sleeper total weight, and sleeper density is 0.6~1.6g/cm3；Sleeper is prepared using double one-time formed methods of steel band laminating machine combination Multi-layer synchronous injecting glue.The present invention can not only make the impregnation of finished product more fully, uniformly, improve the transverse strength of sleeper, can avoid product and cracking phenomena occurs during punching, cutting；And production process is simple, reduces equipment investment, reduces production cost, improves production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of applied to using on railway, subway and light rail the present invention relates to technical field of rail traffic
The preparation method of sleeper and sleeper.
Background technology
Railway is one of current means of transport most important in the world, as railway is to high speed, heavy duty and environmentally friendly direction
Development, the requirement to track is also higher and higher, important component of the sleeper as track, is played in orbit construction heavy to closing
The effect wanted.In track structure, the loading, cross force and the longitudinal horizontal force that are transmitted by rail are born in the effect of sleeper, by it
Equably spread on railway roadbed；Meanwhile sleeper also plays the effects that keeping rail direction, gauge and position.It is therefore desirable to sleeper
There are certain robustness, elasticity and durability, and sleeper specification is required to be convenient for fixed rail, has resistance circuit longitudinal and transverse
To the ability of displacement.
Common sleeper has four kinds of sleeper, steel tie, concrete crosstie and polyurethane composite sleeper on the market at present.Its
In, the sleeper that sleeper is generally used as traditional railway has low cost, high resilience, light-weight, good insulation preformance excellent
Point, but since the forest reserves are limited, long-term felling will appear serious environmental problem, and in addition sleeper is chronically at severe ring
Under border, there are antiseptic properties poor, easy-weathering cracking, short life, durability is poor, physical and mechanical property is poor, keeps gauge railway spike anti-
The shortcomings of pulling out poor performance；Steel tie is mainly made of the smelting of a large amount of scrap iron and steels, and service life is long, high, stupid but there are costs
Again, the shortcomings of noise is big；Concrete crosstie is current the most widely used sleeper, has long lifespan, stability good a little, is lacked
Point is the problems such as hardness is big, poor flexibility, weight are big, silencing and damping effect is poor, use is susceptible to crack in the process；Polyurethane closes
A kind of novel sleeper at sleeper, have it is light-weight, physical and mechanical property is excellent, keep gauge railway spike extraction-resistant behavior it is good, close
The advantages of at rich material resources, gradually substitutes the use of traditional sleeper, steel tie and concrete sleeper.
Currently, the processing technology of the polyurethane sleeper of synthesis is complex, the production of advanced andante material is needed, fixed thickness of polishing
Afterwards, it is bonded using bonding agent, also needs to polish to the both sides of overall sleeper again after bonding, it could finished product after spray painting.It is such
The preparation method of polyurethane sleeper has the following defects：1) since it is bonded by bonding agent using multi-layered board,
One-pass molding is cannot achieve, causes sleeper overall performance poor, the problems such as adhesive linkage is susceptible to cracking, tomography；2) every layer
Plank only has 0 ° of direction fiber, and without 90 ° of direction fibers, transverse strength is low, phenomenon easy to crack when trepanning cutting；3) production equipment letter
Single, artificial to rub substantially by the way of drenching glue, subsequently into double-track laminating machine mold, width is larger when drenching glue, enters
Narrower width after mold, converging angles are big, and both sides and intermediate distribution are uneven, and there are uneven existing for levels resin and fiber
As；4) in process, artificial impregnation or human assistance impregnation are needed, to ability after the fixed thickness of the two-sided polishing of plank progress of formation
Technique for sticking can be carried out, the bonding time is long, and usual every laminating machine could be bonded a sleepers, inefficiency in every 24 hours；5)
Laminating machine is at least made of 500 blocks of carrier bars, carrier bar length 20cm, is unavoidably had the gap between carrier bar, during curing molding
Polyurethane foam can squeeze out, and generate moulding mark, and the foams difficulty of extrusion is cleared up, and wastage of material is serious.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the invention is to provide a kind of one-time formed polyurethane foam sleeper and its preparation side
Method keeps fiber in product and resin distribution uniform, improves the property of sleeper on the basis of simplifying production technology, saving raw material
Stabilizability and transverse strength.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper includes by the primary ontology laminated into type of polyurethane resin, originally
If being horizontally arranged with the dried layer composite felt of lateral humidification in vivo, it is equipped in the polyurethane resin between adjacent composite felt
Play the fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification；The fiber yarn layer accounts for the 65~75% of sleeper total weight with composite felt；Polyurethane tree
Fat accounts for the 25~35% of sleeper total weight, and sleeper density is 0.6~1.6g/cm3。
A kind of above-mentioned fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, the ontology are interior at least provided with seven layers of composite felt.
A kind of above-mentioned fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, the composite felt is 300~1100g/m2Glass fibers
Tie up stitch-bonded felt or multiaxial fabric.
A kind of above-mentioned fiber reinforcement polyurethane foams composite sleeper, the fiber yarn layer by 9600TEX continuous glass fibers
Dimension is worn.
A kind of above-mentioned fiber reinforcement polyurethane foams composite sleeper, the polyurethane resin by weight part ratio be 1~
1.08:1 component A and B component compounds；Wherein, component A is polymeric MDI, and B component includes the component of following parts by weight：
100 parts of combined polyether, 10~25 parts of fire retardant, 0.2~2 part of anti-aging agent, 0.01~0.5 part of catalyst, 0.1~1 part of foam stabilizer,
0.2~0.5 part of foaming agent.
A kind of above-mentioned fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, the combined polyether is respectively 3,4,6 by degree of functionality
Polyethers forms, and for hydroxyl value within the scope of 300~500mgKOH/g, combination quality ratio is 3:5:2.
A kind of above-mentioned fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, the fire retardant is phosphorus system additive flame retardant, phosphorus system
Additive flame retardant includes at least in three (2- chloroethyls) phosphates, three (2- chloropropyls) phosphates, dimethyl methyl phosphonate
It is a kind of；Anti-aging agent is mainly made of antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber, and antioxidant 1010,168 is used in compounding, ratio 3:2；It is purple
Ultraviolet absorbers are at least one of UV326, UV328, and antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber ratio are 1:2；Catalyst is main
For thermal sensitivity retardance catalyst；Foam stabilizer is silicone oil, and foaming agent is water.
A kind of preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, specifically includes following steps：
A. according to the size of product and density requirements, fiber arrangement is carried out, glass fibre is entried in impregnation tooling, and
It is connected on guiding piece；
B., composite felt is cut into the size of same size with sleeper, is connected on guiding piece after glass fibre is clipped in the middle；
C. double steel band laminating machinees are preheated in advance, and double steel band laminating machinees are placed in insulated building, 45~80 DEG C of preheating temperature；
D. guiding piece is used, all glass fibre and composite felt are drawn to double steel band laminating machinees, is pressed on steel band up and down
Centre, steel band height in adjustment make the size between upper and lower steel band be higher than sleeper height 0.5mm, and width compares rail between adjusting side chain plate
Rest the head on the wide 0.5mm of width；Double steel band laminating machinees are started, its rotation is made, drive guiding piece, glass fibre and composite felt is pulled to transport forward
Row；
E. polyurethane glue-injection machine is started, injecting glue is carried out to impregnation tooling by injected rubber hose；It is saturated with the impregnation of polyurethane resin
Tooling is directly entered double steel band laminating machinees, and polyurethane resin starts to foam by high temperature, glass fibre, composite felt, polyurethane foam
Foam mutually merges one and fills up double steel band laminating machine die cavitys, and sleeper blank is shaped to by curing；
F. sleeper blank after molding discharges from double steel band laminating machinees other side, by S4S, by sleeper scale,
Then pass through cutting machine fixed length cutting；
G. the sleeper blank after fixed length cutting, is punched, cutting by design requirement, lifting to automatic spraying production line into
Row surface lacquer forms sleeper finished products after drying.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, the impregnation are soaked using closed multilayer
Adhesive process：Continuous glass fibre is each passed through at least six layers of closed impregnation box in wherein step A, glue-injection machine is adopted in step E
With static mixing mode, i.e., the gum-injecting port up and down that static mixer is connected to glue-injection box by injected rubber hose carries out polyurethane resin
Injecting glue.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, the impregnation use semi-enclosed multilayer
Gum dipping process：Continuous glass fibre is each passed through the steeping vat that at least six layers top are fitted with upper cover in wherein step A, is being soaked
A porous injected rubber hose is arranged in glue groove upper lateral, and porous injected rubber hose rear is provided with low frequency automatic rolling vibrating device, in impregnation
The one ultrasonic plate of end fixed setting of slot；Mixing head is directly passed through note by glue-injection machine using dynamic head-on collision hybrid mode in step E
Sebific duct is connected to the porous injected rubber hose on steeping vat, and dispersion injecting glue is carried out to steeping vat by porous injected rubber hose.
As a result of above technical scheme, the invention technological progress is as follows.
The present invention prepares sleeper using integral forming process, without the process that polishing is fixed thick and is bonded, production process letter
It is single, it is only necessary to releasing agent cleaning is carried out to integrally formed sleeper blank, then paints, substantially increases production efficiency,
Reduce equipment investment, reduces production cost.Multilayer gum dipping process is used in sleeper manufacturing process, can make the impregnation of finished product
More fully, uniformly, also evenly, performance is more stablized for fiber and resin distribution in the product of formation；It is set in the structure of product
It is added to fiber and MULTILAYER COMPOSITE felt in meter, in polyurethane resin, improves the transverse strength of sleeper, can avoid product and beating
Cracking phenomena occurs during hole, cutting, improves product quality.
In addition, the present invention has used double steel band laminating machinees in lamination process, since steel band is seamless, product is in layer
Be not in the squeeze-out phenomenon of polyurethane resin during pressure, it is whole to ensure that the upper and lower surface of product occurs without moulding mark
Body surface face is smooth, smooth, reduces the waste of material, also thoroughly avoids resin and leaks out to pollute equipment and is difficult to clear up
Problem occurs, and improves work efficiency.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper includes by the primary ontology laminated into type of polyurethane resin, originally
If being horizontally arranged with the dried layer composite felt of lateral humidification in vivo, it is equipped in the polyurethane resin between adjacent composite felt
Play the fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification；Fiber yarn layer accounts for the 65~75% of sleeper total weight with composite felt；Polyurethane resin accounts for
The 25~35% of sleeper total weight, sleeper density are 0.6~1.6g/cm3。
In the present invention, at least provided with seven layers of composite felt in ontology, composite felt is 300~1100g/m2Glass fibre seam
Compile felt or multiaxial fabric.Fiber yarn layer is worn by the continuous glass fibre of 9600TEX.Polyurethane resin is by weight part ratio
It is 1~1.08:1 component A and B component compounds；Wherein, component A is polymeric MDI, and B component includes following parts by weight
Component：100 parts of combined polyether, 10~25 parts of fire retardant, 0.2~2 part of anti-aging agent, 0.01~0.5 part of catalyst, foam stabilizer 0.1
~1 part, 0.2~0.5 part of foaming agent.
Said combination polyethers is respectively that 3,4,6 polyethers is formed by degree of functionality, and hydroxyl value is in 300~500mgKOH/g ranges
Interior, combination quality ratio is 3:5:2.Fire retardant is phosphorus system additive flame retardant, and phosphorus system additive flame retardant includes at least three (2-
Chloroethyl) phosphate, three (2- chloropropyls) phosphates, one kind in dimethyl methyl phosphonate；Anti-aging agent mainly by antioxidant and
Ultra-violet absorber forms, and antioxidant 1010,168 is used in compounding, ratio 3:2；Ultra-violet absorber is in UV326, UV328
One or two, antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber ratio are 1:2；Catalyst is mainly thermal sensitivity retardance catalyst；It is even
Infusion is silicone oil, and foaming agent is water.
A kind of preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, specifically includes following steps.
A. according to the size of product and density requirements, fiber arrangement is carried out, glass fibre is entried in impregnation tooling, and
It is connected on guiding piece.
B., composite felt is cut into the size of same size with sleeper, is connected on guiding piece after glass fibre is clipped in the middle.
C. double steel band laminating machinees are preheated in advance, and double steel band laminating machinees are placed in insulated building, 45~80 DEG C of preheating temperature.
D. guiding piece is used, all glass fibre and composite felt are drawn to double steel band laminating machinees, is pressed on steel band up and down
Centre, steel band height in adjustment make the size between upper and lower steel band be higher than sleeper height 0.5mm, and width compares rail between adjusting side chain plate
Rest the head on the wide 0.5mm of width；Double steel band laminating machinees are started, its rotation is made, drive guiding piece, glass fibre and composite felt is pulled to transport forward
Row.
E. polyurethane glue-injection machine is started, injecting glue is carried out to impregnation tooling by injected rubber hose；It is saturated with the impregnation of polyurethane resin
Tooling is directly entered double steel band laminating machinees, and polyurethane resin starts to foam by high temperature, glass fibre, composite felt, polyurethane foam
Foam mutually merges one and fills up double steel band laminating machine die cavitys, and sleeper blank is shaped to by curing.
F. sleeper blank after molding discharges from double steel band laminating machinees other side, by S4S, by sleeper scale,
Then pass through cutting machine fixed length cutting.
G. the sleeper blank after fixed length cutting, is punched, cutting by design requirement, lifting to automatic spraying production line into
Row surface lacquer forms sleeper finished products after drying.
Closed multilayer gum dipping process can be used in gum dipping process in the present invention, can also use semi-enclosed multilayer impregnation work
Skill.When using closed multilayer gum dipping process, continuous glass fibre is each passed through at least six layers of closed impregnation in step A
Box, glue-injection machine uses static mixing mode in step E, i.e., static mixer is connected to the upper bet of glue-injection box by injected rubber hose
Jiao Kou carries out the injecting glue of polyurethane resin.When using semi-enclosed multilayer gum dipping process, continuous glass fibre is distinguished in step A
It is fitted with the steeping vat of upper cover across at least six layers top, one porous injected rubber hose, porous injecting glue are set in steeping vat upper lateral
Pipe rear is provided with low frequency automatic rolling vibrating device, the one ultrasonic plate of fixed setting at the end of steeping vat；Glue-injection machine in step E
Using dynamic head-on collision hybrid mode, mixing head is directly connected to the porous injected rubber hose on steeping vat by injected rubber hose, by more
Hole injected rubber hose carries out dispersion injecting glue to steeping vat.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper includes by the primary ontology laminated into type of polyurethane resin, originally
It has been horizontally arranged with seven layers of composite felt of lateral humidification in vivo, has been equipped in the polyurethane resin between adjacent composite felt
The fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification；Fiber yarn layer accounts for the 72% of sleeper total weight with composite felt；It is total that polyurethane resin accounts for sleeper
The 28% of weight, sleeper density are 1.2 ± 0.06g/cm3。
In the present embodiment, composite felt 1000g/m2Glass fibre stitch-bonded felt, fiber yarn layer by 9600TEX continuous glass
Glass fiber is worn.Polyurethane resin is 1 by weight part ratio:1 component A and B component compounds；Wherein, component A is
Polymeric MDI, B component include the component of following parts by weight：100 parts of combined polyether, 15 parts of fire retardant, 1 part of anti-aging agent, catalyst
0.2 part, 0.5 part of foam stabilizer, 0.2 part of foaming agent.
Said combination polyethers is respectively that 3,4,6 polyethers is formed by degree of functionality, and hydroxyl value is in 300~500mgKOH/g ranges
Interior, combination quality ratio is 3:5:2.Fire retardant is phosphorus system additive flame retardant, and phosphorus system additive flame retardant is three (2- chloroethenes
Base) phosphate；Anti-aging agent is mainly made of antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber, and antioxidant 1010,168 is used in compounding, ratio
3:2；Ultra-violet absorber is UV326, and antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber ratio are 1:2；Catalyst is mainly thermal sensitivity delay
Property catalyst, the present embodiment use Shanghai moral sound production DY-215；Foam stabilizer is silicone oil；Foaming agent is water.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper is using closed multilayer impregnation one
Moulding process specifically includes following steps.
A. according to the size of product and density requirements, the arrangement of continuous glass fibre is carried out, continuous glass fibre is distinguished
Across six layers of closed impregnation box, and it is connected on guiding piece.
B., composite felt is cut into the size of same size with sleeper, is each passed through six layers of closed impregnation box, every layer of impregnation
Box wears two layers of composite felt, it is desirable that glass fibre is clipped in the middle by composite felt in upper and lower faces, and composite felt is then connected to guiding piece
On.
C. double steel band laminating machinees are preheated in advance, and double steel band laminating machinees are placed in insulated building, 60 DEG C of preheating temperature.
D. guiding piece is used, all glass fibre and composite felt are drawn to double steel band laminating machinees, is pressed on steel band up and down
Centre, steel band height in adjustment make the size between upper and lower steel band be higher than sleeper height 0.5mm, and width compares rail between adjusting side chain plate
Rest the head on the wide 0.5mm of width；Double steel band laminating machinees are started, its rotation is made, drive guiding piece, glass fibre and composite felt is pulled to transport forward
Row.
E. polyurethane glue-injection machine is started, using static mixing mode, i.e., static mixer is connected to note by injected rubber hose
The gum-injecting port up and down of glue box carries out the injecting glue of polyurethane resin；The glue-injection box for being saturated with polyurethane resin is directly entered double steel band laminations
Machine, polyurethane resin start to foam by high temperature, and glass fibre, composite felt, polyurethane foam mutually merge one, and fill up double
Steel band laminating machine die cavity is shaped to sleeper blank by curing.
F. sleeper blank after molding discharges from double steel band laminating machinees other side, by S4S, by sleeper scale,
Then pass through cutting machine fixed length cutting.
G. the sleeper blank after fixed length cutting, is punched, cutting by design requirement, lifting to automatic spraying production line into
Row surface lacquer forms sleeper finished products after drying.
Sleeper manufactured in the present embodiment, performance indicator is as shown in table 1 after testing, can be used for the construction of high-speed railway rail.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper includes by the primary ontology laminated into type of polyurethane resin, originally
It has been horizontally arranged with seven layers of composite felt of lateral humidification in vivo, has been equipped in the polyurethane resin between adjacent composite felt
The fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification；Fiber yarn layer accounts for the 70% of sleeper total weight with composite felt；It is total that polyurethane resin accounts for sleeper
The 30% of weight, sleeper density are 0.74 ± 0.1g/cm3。
In the present embodiment, composite felt 1100g/m2Glass fibre stitch-bonded felt, fiber yarn layer by 9600TEX continuous glass
Glass fiber is worn.Polyurethane resin is 1.08 by weight part ratio:1 component A and B component compounds；Wherein, A groups
It is divided into polymeric MDI, B component includes the component of following parts by weight：100 parts of combined polyether, 2 parts of anti-aging agent, is urged at 25 parts of fire retardant
0.5 part of agent, 1 part of foam stabilizer, 0.5 part of foaming agent.
Said combination polyethers is respectively that 3,4,6 polyethers is formed by degree of functionality, and hydroxyl value is in 300~500mgKOH/g ranges
Interior, combination quality ratio is 3:5:2.Fire retardant is phosphorus system additive flame retardant, and phosphorus system additive flame retardant is three (2- chlorine third
Base) phosphate and dimethyl methyl phosphonate；Anti-aging agent is mainly made of antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber, antioxidant 1010,
168 are used in compounding, ratio 3:2；Ultra-violet absorber is UV328, and antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber ratio are 1:2；Catalyst
Predominantly thermal sensitivity retardance catalyst, the present embodiment use the DY-225 of Shanghai moral sound production；Foam stabilizer is silicone oil；Foaming agent
For water.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper uses semi-enclosed multilayer impregnation one
Body formed technique, specifically includes following steps.
A. according to the size of product and density requirements, the arrangement of continuous glass fibre is carried out, continuous glass fibre is distinguished
It is fitted with the steeping vat of upper cover across six layers of top, and is connected on guiding piece.In steeping vat upper lateral, one porous note is set
Sebific duct, porous injected rubber hose rear are provided with low frequency automatic rolling vibrating device, the one ultrasonic plate of fixed setting at the end of steeping vat.
B., composite felt is cut into the size of same size with sleeper, is not passed through steeping vat, directly from after steeping vat
It is connected on guiding piece above and below every layer of fiber yarn layer.
C. double steel band laminating machinees are preheated in advance, and double steel band laminating machinees are placed in insulated building, 80 DEG C of preheating temperature.
D. guiding piece is used, all glass fibre and composite felt are drawn to double steel band laminating machinees, is pressed on steel band up and down
Centre, steel band height in adjustment make the size between upper and lower steel band be higher than sleeper height 0.5mm, and width compares rail between adjusting side chain plate
Rest the head on the wide 0.5mm of width；Double steel band laminating machinees are started, its rotation is made, drive guiding piece, glass fibre and composite felt is pulled to transport forward
Row.
E. polyurethane glue-injection machine is started, using dynamic head-on collision hybrid mode, mixing head is directly connected to by injected rubber hose
Porous injected rubber hose on steeping vat carries out dispersion injecting glue by porous injected rubber hose to steeping vat；During injecting glue, before this by porous
Injected rubber hose notes polyurethane resin to fiberglass surfacing, is then rolled and is vibrated by low frequency, polyurethane resin disperseed, finally
By ultrasound by inside resin penetration to glass fibre, composite felt is then by being answered with the glass fibre for being saturated with polyurethane resin
It closing, the resin on heat absorbing glass fiber, then immediately proceeds to double steel band laminating machinees, polyurethane resin starts to foam by high temperature,
Glass fibre, composite felt, polyurethane foam mutually merge one, and fill up double steel band laminating machine die cavitys, are shaped to by curing
Sleeper blank.
F. sleeper blank after molding discharges from double steel band laminating machinees other side, by S4S, by sleeper scale,
Then pass through cutting machine fixed length cutting.
G. the sleeper blank after fixed length cutting, is punched, cutting by design requirement, lifting to automatic spraying production line into
Row surface lacquer forms sleeper finished products after drying.
Sleeper manufactured in the present embodiment, performance indicator is as shown in table 2 after testing, can be used for the construction of underground railway track.
Table 2
Embodiment 3
A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper includes by the primary ontology laminated into type of polyurethane resin, originally
It has been horizontally arranged with seven layers of composite felt of lateral humidification in vivo, has been equipped in the polyurethane resin between adjacent composite felt
The fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification；Fiber yarn layer accounts for the 65% of sleeper total weight with composite felt；It is total that polyurethane resin accounts for sleeper
The 35% of weight, sleeper density are 0.65 ± 0.1g/cm3。
In the present embodiment, composite felt 500g/m2Glass fibre stitch-bonded felt, fiber yarn layer by 9600TEX continuous glass
Glass fiber is worn.Polyurethane resin is 1 by weight part ratio:1 component A and B component compounds；Wherein, component A is
Polymeric MDI, B component include the component of following parts by weight：100 parts of combined polyether, 10 parts of fire retardant, 0.2 part of anti-aging agent, catalysis
0.1 part of agent, 0.2 part of foam stabilizer, 0.2 part of foaming agent.
Said combination polyethers is respectively that 3,4,6 polyethers is formed by degree of functionality, and hydroxyl value is in 300~500mgKOH/g ranges
Interior, combination quality ratio is 3:5:2.Fire retardant is phosphorus system additive flame retardant, and phosphorus system additive flame retardant is three (2- chloroethenes
Base) phosphate；Anti-aging agent is mainly made of antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber, and antioxidant 1010,168 is used in compounding, ratio
3:2；Ultra-violet absorber is UV326, and antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber ratio are 1:2；Catalyst is mainly thermal sensitivity delay
Property catalyst, the present embodiment using Shanghai moral sound production DY-235 and DY-8154 compounding；Foam stabilizer is silicone oil；Foaming agent is
Water.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper is using closed multilayer impregnation one
Moulding process specifically includes following steps.
A. according to the size of product and density requirements, the arrangement of continuous glass fibre is carried out, continuous glass fibre is distinguished
Across six layers of closed impregnation box, and it is connected on guiding piece.
B., composite felt is cut into the size of same size with sleeper, is each passed through six layers of closed impregnation box, every layer of impregnation
Box wears two layers of composite felt, it is desirable that glass fibre is clipped in the middle by composite felt in upper and lower faces, and composite felt is then connected to guiding piece
On.
C. double steel band laminating machinees are preheated in advance, and double steel band laminating machinees are placed in insulated building, 50 DEG C of preheating temperature.
D. guiding piece is used, all glass fibre and composite felt are drawn to double steel band laminating machinees, is pressed on steel band up and down
Centre, steel band height in adjustment make the size between upper and lower steel band be higher than sleeper height 0.5mm, and width compares rail between adjusting side chain plate
Rest the head on the wide 0.5mm of width；Double steel band laminating machinees are started, its rotation is made, drive guiding piece, glass fibre and composite felt is pulled to transport forward
Row.
E. polyurethane glue-injection machine is started, using static mixing mode, i.e., static mixer is connected to note by injected rubber hose
The gum-injecting port up and down of glue box carries out the injecting glue of polyurethane resin；The glue-injection box for being saturated with polyurethane resin is directly entered double steel band laminations
Machine, polyurethane resin start to foam by high temperature, and glass fibre, composite felt, polyurethane foam mutually merge one, and fill up double
Steel band laminating machine die cavity is shaped to sleeper blank by curing.
F. sleeper blank after molding discharges from double steel band laminating machinees other side, by S4S, by sleeper scale,
Then pass through cutting machine fixed length cutting.
G. the sleeper blank after fixed length cutting, is punched, cutting by design requirement, lifting to automatic spraying production line into
Row surface lacquer forms sleeper finished products after drying.
Sleeper manufactured in the present embodiment, performance indicator is as shown in table 3 after testing.
Table 3
Embodiment 4
A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper includes by the primary ontology laminated into type of polyurethane resin, originally
It has been horizontally arranged with seven layers of composite felt of lateral humidification in vivo, has been equipped in the polyurethane resin between adjacent composite felt
The fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification；Fiber yarn layer accounts for the 68% of sleeper total weight with composite felt；It is total that polyurethane resin accounts for sleeper
The 32% of weight, sleeper density are 0.72 ± 0.1g/cm3。
In the present embodiment, composite felt 800g/m2Glass fibre stitch-bonded felt, fiber yarn layer by 9600TEX continuous glass
Glass fiber is worn.Polyurethane resin is 1.06 by weight part ratio:1 component A and B component compounds；Wherein, A groups
It is divided into polymeric MDI, B component includes the component of following parts by weight：100 parts of combined polyether, 18 parts of fire retardant, 1.2 parts of anti-aging agent,
0.4 part of catalyst, 0.8 part of foam stabilizer, 0.36 part of foaming agent.
Said combination polyethers is respectively that 3,4,6 polyethers is formed by degree of functionality, and hydroxyl value is in 300~500mgKOH/g ranges
Interior, combination quality ratio is 3:5:2.Fire retardant is phosphorus system additive flame retardant, and phosphorus system additive flame retardant is three (2- chloroethenes
Base) phosphate；Anti-aging agent is mainly made of antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber, and antioxidant 1010,168 is used in compounding, ratio
3:2；Ultra-violet absorber is UV326 and UV328, and antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber ratio are 1:2；Catalyst is mainly temperature-sensitive
Property retardance catalyst, the present embodiment using Shanghai moral sound production DY-235 and DY-215 compounding；Foam stabilizer is silicone oil；Foaming
Agent is water.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper is using closed multilayer impregnation one
Moulding process specifically includes following steps.
A. according to the size of product and density requirements, the arrangement of continuous glass fibre is carried out, continuous glass fibre is distinguished
Across six layers of closed impregnation box, and it is connected on guiding piece.
B., composite felt is cut into the size of same size with sleeper, is each passed through six layers of closed impregnation box, every layer of impregnation
Box wears two layers of composite felt, it is desirable that glass fibre is clipped in the middle by composite felt in upper and lower faces, and composite felt is then connected to guiding piece
On.
C. double steel band laminating machinees are preheated in advance, and double steel band laminating machinees are placed in insulated building, 45 DEG C of preheating temperature.
D. guiding piece is used, all glass fibre and composite felt are drawn to double steel band laminating machinees, is pressed on steel band up and down
Centre, steel band height in adjustment make the size between upper and lower steel band be higher than sleeper height 0.5mm, and width compares rail between adjusting side chain plate
Rest the head on the wide 0.5mm of width；Double steel band laminating machinees are started, its rotation is made, drive guiding piece, glass fibre and composite felt is pulled to transport forward
Row.
E. polyurethane glue-injection machine is started, using static mixing mode, i.e., static mixer is connected to note by injected rubber hose
The gum-injecting port up and down of glue box carries out the injecting glue of polyurethane resin；The glue-injection box for being saturated with polyurethane resin is directly entered double steel band laminations
Machine, polyurethane resin start to foam by high temperature, and glass fibre, composite felt, polyurethane foam mutually merge one, and fill up double
Steel band laminating machine die cavity is shaped to sleeper blank by curing.
F. sleeper blank after molding discharges from double steel band laminating machinees other side, by S4S, by sleeper scale,
Then pass through cutting machine fixed length cutting.
G. the sleeper blank after fixed length cutting, is punched, cutting by design requirement, lifting to automatic spraying production line into
Row surface lacquer forms sleeper finished products after drying.
Sleeper manufactured in the present embodiment, performance indicator is as shown in table 4 after testing.
Table 4
Embodiment 5
A kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper includes by the primary ontology laminated into type of polyurethane resin, originally
It has been horizontally arranged with seven layers of composite felt of lateral humidification in vivo, has been equipped in the polyurethane resin between adjacent composite felt
The fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification；Fiber yarn layer accounts for the 75% of sleeper total weight with composite felt；It is total that polyurethane resin accounts for sleeper
The 25% of weight, sleeper density are 1.58 ± 0.1g/cm3。
In the present embodiment, composite felt 950g/m2Glass fibre stitch-bonded felt, fiber yarn layer by 9600TEX continuous glass
Glass fiber is worn.Polyurethane resin is 1.02 by weight part ratio:1 component A and B component compounds；Wherein, A groups
It is divided into polymeric MDI, B component includes the component of following parts by weight：100 parts of combined polyether, 2 parts of anti-aging agent, is urged at 20 parts of fire retardant
0.5 part of agent, 1 part of foam stabilizer, 0.28 part of foaming agent.
Said combination polyethers is respectively that 3,4,6 polyethers is formed by degree of functionality, and hydroxyl value is in 300~500mgKOH/g ranges
Interior, combination quality ratio is 3:5:2.Fire retardant is phosphorus system additive flame retardant, and phosphorus system additive flame retardant is three (2- chloroethenes
Base) phosphate；Anti-aging agent is mainly made of antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber, and antioxidant 1010,168 is used in compounding, ratio
3:2；Ultra-violet absorber is UV326 and UV328, and antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber ratio are 1:2；Catalyst is mainly temperature-sensitive
Property retardance catalyst, the present embodiment using Shanghai moral sound production DY-235 and DY-215 compounding；Foam stabilizer is silicone oil；Foaming
Agent is water.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper uses semi-enclosed multilayer impregnation one
Body formed technique, specifically includes following steps.
A. according to the size of product and density requirements, the arrangement of continuous glass fibre is carried out, continuous glass fibre is distinguished
It is fitted with the steeping vat of upper cover across six layers of top, and is connected on guiding piece.In steeping vat upper lateral, one porous note is set
Sebific duct, porous injected rubber hose rear are provided with low frequency automatic rolling vibrating device, the one ultrasonic plate of fixed setting at the end of steeping vat.
B., composite felt is cut into the size of same size with sleeper, is not passed through steeping vat, directly from after steeping vat
It is connected on guiding piece above and below every layer of fiber yarn layer.
C. double steel band laminating machinees are preheated in advance, and double steel band laminating machinees are placed in insulated building, 70 DEG C of preheating temperature.
D. guiding piece is used, all glass fibre and composite felt are drawn to double steel band laminating machinees, is pressed on steel band up and down
Centre, steel band height in adjustment make the size between upper and lower steel band be higher than sleeper height 0.5mm, and width compares rail between adjusting side chain plate
Rest the head on the wide 0.5mm of width；Double steel band laminating machinees are started, its rotation is made, drive guiding piece, glass fibre and composite felt is pulled to transport forward
Row.
E. polyurethane glue-injection machine is started, using dynamic head-on collision hybrid mode, mixing head is directly connected to by injected rubber hose
Porous injected rubber hose on steeping vat carries out dispersion injecting glue by porous injected rubber hose to steeping vat；During injecting glue, before this by porous
Injected rubber hose notes polyurethane resin to fiberglass surfacing, is then rolled and is vibrated by low frequency, polyurethane resin disperseed, finally
By ultrasound by inside resin penetration to glass fibre, composite felt is then by being answered with the glass fibre for being saturated with polyurethane resin
It closing, the resin on heat absorbing glass fiber, then immediately proceeds to double steel band laminating machinees, polyurethane resin starts to foam by high temperature,
Glass fibre, composite felt, polyurethane foam mutually merge one, and fill up double steel band laminating machine die cavitys, are shaped to by curing
Sleeper blank.
F. sleeper blank after molding discharges from double steel band laminating machinees other side, by S4S, by sleeper scale,
Then pass through cutting machine fixed length cutting.
G. the sleeper blank after fixed length cutting, is punched, cutting by design requirement, lifting to automatic spraying production line into
Row surface lacquer forms sleeper finished products after drying.
Sleeper manufactured in the present embodiment, performance indicator is as shown in table 5 after testing.
Table 5
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that sleeper its density prepared by the present invention can be in 0.6~1.6g/cm3Root in range
It is adjusted according to the requirement of use environment, in actual production process, can be required according to density and installation dimension to adjust polyurethane
The component and polyurethane resin of resin are realized with the weight ratio of fiber and composite felt.When use environment is more demanding
When, for example, for high-speed railway rail construction when, the density of adjustable height sleeper, correspondingly other performance indicators of sleeper can also become
It is more excellent；When use environment require it is relatively low, such as underground railway track construction when, then can turn down the density of sleeper, corresponding track
Other performance indicators of pillow can also reduce.
Claims (10)
- The composite sleeper 1. a kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foams, it is characterised in that：Including once laminated into type by polyurethane resin Ontology, if being horizontally arranged with the dried layer composite felt of lateral humidification in ontology, the polyurethane tree between adjacent composite felt The fiber yarn layer of longitudinal humidification has been equipped in fat；The fiber yarn layer and composite felt account for sleeper total weight 65~ 75%；Polyurethane resin accounts for the 25~35% of sleeper total weight, and sleeper density is 0.6~1.6g/cm3。
- The composite sleeper 2. a kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane according to claim 1 foams, it is characterised in that：In the ontology At least provided with seven layers of composite felt.
- The composite sleeper 3. a kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane according to claim 1 foams, it is characterised in that：The composite felt For 300~1100g/m2Glass fibre stitch-bonded felt or multiaxial fabric.
- The composite sleeper 4. a kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane according to claim 1 foams, it is characterised in that：The silvalin Layer is worn by the continuous glass fibre of 9600TEX.
- The composite sleeper 5. a kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane according to claim 1 foams, it is characterised in that：The polyurethane Resin is 1~1.08 by weight part ratio:1 component A and B component compounds；Wherein, component A is polymeric MDI, B component packet Include the component of following parts by weight：100 parts of combined polyether, 10~25 parts of fire retardant, 0.2~2 part of anti-aging agent, 0.01~0.5 part of catalyst, foam stabilizer 0.1~ 1 part, 0.2~0.5 part of foaming agent.
- The composite sleeper 6. a kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane according to claim 5 foams, it is characterised in that：The combination is poly- Ether is respectively that 3,4,6 polyethers is formed by degree of functionality, and within the scope of 300~500mgKOH/g, combination quality ratio is hydroxyl value 3:5:2。
- The composite sleeper 7. a kind of fiber reinforcement polyurethane according to claim 5 foams, it is characterised in that：The fire retardant For phosphorus system additive flame retardant, phosphorus system additive flame retardant includes at least three (2- chloroethyls) phosphates, three (2- chloropropyls) phosphorus One kind in acid esters, dimethyl methyl phosphonate；Anti-aging agent is mainly made of antioxidant and ultra-violet absorber, and antioxidant is 1010, it 168 is used in compounding, ratio 3:2；Ultra-violet absorber is at least one of UV326, UV328, antioxidant and ultraviolet light Absorbent ratio is 1:2；Catalyst is mainly thermal sensitivity retardance catalyst；Foam stabilizer is silicone oil, and foaming agent is water.
- 8. a kind of preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：A. according to the size of product and density requirements, fiber arrangement is carried out, glass fibre is entried in impregnation tooling, and connects Onto guiding piece；B., composite felt is cut into the size of same size with sleeper, is connected on guiding piece after glass fibre is clipped in the middle；C. double steel band laminating machinees are preheated in advance, and double steel band laminating machinees are placed in insulated building, 45~80 DEG C of preheating temperature；D. guiding piece is used, all glass fibre and composite felt are drawn to double steel band laminating machinees, is pressed among steel band up and down, Steel band height in adjustment makes the size between upper and lower steel band be higher than sleeper height 0.5mm, and width is than sleeper width between adjusting side chain plate Wide 0.5mm；Double steel band laminating machinees are started, its rotation is made, drive guiding piece, glass fibre and composite felt is pulled to move forwards；E. polyurethane glue-injection machine is started, injecting glue is carried out to impregnation tooling by injected rubber hose；It is saturated with the impregnation tooling of polyurethane resin Double steel band laminating machinees are directly entered, polyurethane resin starts to foam by high temperature, glass fibre, composite felt, polyurethane foam phase It mutually merges one and fills up double steel band laminating machine die cavitys, sleeper blank is shaped to by curing；F. sleeper blank after molding discharges, by S4S, by sleeper scale, then from double steel band laminating machinees other side By cutting machine fixed length cutting；G. the sleeper blank after fixed length cutting, is punched, cutting by design requirement, and lifting to automatic spraying production line carries out table Face is painted, and sleeper finished products are formed after drying.
- 9. a kind of preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper according to claim 8, which is characterized in that The impregnation uses closed multilayer gum dipping process：Continuous glass fibre is each passed through at least six layers closing in wherein step A Formula impregnation box, glue-injection machine uses static mixing mode in step E, i.e., static mixer is connected to glue-injection box by injected rubber hose Upper and lower gum-injecting port carries out the injecting glue of polyurethane resin.
- 10. a kind of preparation method of fiber reinforcement polyurethane foaming composite sleeper according to claim 8, feature exist In the impregnation uses semi-enclosed multilayer gum dipping process：Continuous glass fibre is each passed through at least six layers in wherein step A Top is fitted with the steeping vat of upper cover, a porous injected rubber hose is arranged in steeping vat upper lateral, porous injected rubber hose rear is provided with Low frequency automatic rolling vibrating device, the one ultrasonic plate of fixed setting at the end of steeping vat；Glue-injection machine is clashed using dynamic in step E Mixing head is directly connected to the porous injected rubber hose on steeping vat by hybrid mode by injected rubber hose, by porous injected rubber hose to leaching Glue groove carries out dispersion injecting glue.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810630721.9A CN108504085B (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | Fiber reinforced polyurethane foaming synthetic sleeper and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN109228410A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-18 | 洛阳科博思新材料科技有限公司 | Fibre reinforced composites dipping systems and its resin fibre hybrid mold and application |
| CN109942775A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-28 | 黎明化工研究设计院有限责任公司 | A kind of automobile exterior trimming parts fiber reinforcement polyurethane resin combination and preparation method thereof |
| WO2020199364A1 (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-08 | 青岛海力威新材料科技股份有限公司 | Impregnation apparatus used for preparing composite railway sleepers |
| CN113085225A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for continuously preparing integral composite sleeper by using controllable polyurethane composite material |
| CN113136018A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-20 | 洛阳科博思新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of resin for synthesizing sleeper by using large-thickness fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam |
| CN113845639A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-28 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Integral polyurethane foaming synthetic sleeper and preparation method thereof |
| CN114989392A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-02 | 重庆欧典实业有限公司 | Fiber-reinforced polyurethane composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115058113A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-16 | 重庆欧典实业有限公司 | Fiber-reinforced polyurethane composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115197451A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-18 | 重庆欧典实业有限公司 | Fiber-reinforced polyurethane composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116601198A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-08-15 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Polyurethane composite material, laminate product comprising the same and method for preparing the same |
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| CN109942775B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-12-17 | 黎明化工研究设计院有限责任公司 | Fiber-reinforced polyurethane resin composition for automobile exterior trimming parts and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113085225A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for continuously preparing integral composite sleeper by using controllable polyurethane composite material |
| CN116601198A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-08-15 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Polyurethane composite material, laminate product comprising the same and method for preparing the same |
| CN113845639A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-28 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Integral polyurethane foaming synthetic sleeper and preparation method thereof |
| CN113845639B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-08-22 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Integral polyurethane foaming composite sleeper and preparation method thereof |
| CN115197451A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-18 | 重庆欧典实业有限公司 | Fiber-reinforced polyurethane composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115058113A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-16 | 重庆欧典实业有限公司 | Fiber-reinforced polyurethane composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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