CN109497952B - Photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on embedded LED - Google Patents

Photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on embedded LED Download PDF

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CN109497952B
CN109497952B CN201811582030.2A CN201811582030A CN109497952B CN 109497952 B CN109497952 B CN 109497952B CN 201811582030 A CN201811582030 A CN 201811582030A CN 109497952 B CN109497952 B CN 109497952B
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CN109497952A (en
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程茜
解维娅
潘晶
张梦娇
陈盈娜
黄盛松
吴登龙
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Tongji University
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    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0638—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements providing two or more wavelengths
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A61B1/0684—Endoscope light sources using light emitting diodes [LED]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/31—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the rectum, e.g. proctoscopes, sigmoidoscopes, colonoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
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    • A61B5/0095—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5238—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image
    • A61B8/5261—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image combining images from different diagnostic modalities, e.g. ultrasound and X-ray

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Abstract

The invention relates to a photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on an embedded LED, which comprises a probe shell: comprises a tubular plastic shell and a transmitting and receiving surface; light emission and light transmission module: the laser is fixed in the tubular plastic shell through the fixed clamping groove and used for emitting laser with uniform shaping to penetrate through the emitting and receiving surface to irradiate a tissue area to be imaged to generate photoacoustic signals; the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module comprises: the ultrasonic probe is fixed in the tubular plastic shell through the fixed clamping groove and is used for transmitting an ultrasonic signal to penetrate through a transmitting and receiving surface to irradiate a tissue area to be imaged and receiving the reflected ultrasonic signal and a photoacoustic signal; a host computer: the double-core cable is respectively connected with the light emitting and transmitting module and the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module, and is used for driving emitting laser and ultrasonic signals and receiving photoacoustic signals and reflected ultrasonic signals to form images. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simultaneous detection of photoacoustic and ultrasonic, rich information, low price, easy maintenance, sufficient space, good detection effect and the like.

Description

Photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on embedded LED
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of endoscopes and nondestructive testing, in particular to a photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on an embedded LED.
Background
Ultrasound imaging for medical diagnosis is widely used in medical diagnosis because of its advantages of non-ionizing radiation, high resolution imaging of anatomical structures, low price, etc. However, ultrasound imaging is generally sensitive to tissue structures and blood flow with differences in acoustic impedance and is not specific to other physicochemical properties of the tissue, and thus the diagnostic function is limited. Ultrasound imaging is required in many medical clinical diagnoses in combination with other radiological diagnostic modalities such as MRI, CT or X-ray to provide more definitive lesion information to physicians.
Photoacoustic imaging is a medical imaging method which is newly developed in recent years and can realize imaging of physicochemical properties of a tissue. The method combines the advantages of high contrast of pure optical imaging and high penetrability of pure ultrasound, can provide high contrast and high axial resolution, provides important means for researching the structural morphology, physiological characteristics, metabolic function, pathological information and the like of biological tissues, and has wide application prospect in the fields of biomedical clinical diagnosis, body tissue structure and functional imaging.
If the ultrasonic and photoacoustic dual-mode simultaneous detection and imaging can be realized, high-resolution structural imaging can be provided for the focus, high-resolution and high-contrast tissue physicochemical property imaging can be provided on the basis of structural information, and more bases can be provided for clinical diagnosis.
At present, a device and a method for carrying out ultrasonic and photoacoustic nondestructive endoscopic detection on tissues such as prostate and the like are lacked, and the device and the method are mostly used for single detection or the splicing of multiple sets of systems and are not integrated detection equipment. This is because the endoscopic probe needs to be of a suitable size and should not be too large.
For example, chinese patent CN 107638168A discloses an endoscope for performing photoacoustic detection on intestinal tissue, which has the disadvantages that only intestinal tissue can be subjected to photoacoustic imaging, and physical information of the tissue is lacked; although an endoscope for performing ultrasonic-photoacoustic detection on the inside of a blood vessel is disclosed in chinese patent CN 103385758A, the device has the disadvantages of being a lossy detection device, and only acquiring a single-point signal, and acquiring two-dimensional tissue information by rotating and acquiring multiple points of signals, synthesizing images, and greatly reducing the rate of real-time imaging of two-dimensional tissue planes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a photoacoustic and ultrasonic dual-mode transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on an embedded LED.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on an embedded LED is used for realizing photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal imaging through a rectum and comprises:
a probe shell: comprises a tubular plastic shell and a transmitting and receiving surface;
light emission and light transmission module: the laser is fixed in the tubular plastic shell through the fixed clamping groove and used for emitting laser with uniform shaping to penetrate through the emitting and receiving surface to irradiate a tissue area to be imaged to generate photoacoustic signals;
the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module comprises: the ultrasonic probe is fixed in the tubular plastic shell through the fixed clamping groove and is used for transmitting an ultrasonic signal to penetrate through a transmitting and receiving surface to irradiate a tissue area to be imaged and receiving the reflected ultrasonic signal and a photoacoustic signal generated by the area to be measured;
a host computer: the double-core cable is respectively connected with the light emitting and transmitting module and the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module, and is used for driving to emit laser and ultrasonic signals and receiving the photoacoustic signals and the reflected ultrasonic signals to perform imaging.
The light emitting and transmitting module comprises an embedded LED array light source, a beam shaping mirror and a light guide plate which are sequentially arranged along a light path, and the embedded LED array light source is connected with the host through a double-core cable.
The embedded LED array light source comprises a single-wavelength LED array light source and/or a multi-wavelength integrated LED array light source.
The ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module comprises an array element plate and an ultrasonic sound head, the top end of the array element plate is connected with a host through a double-core cable, the bottom end of the array element plate is connected with the ultrasonic sound head, and the ultrasonic sound head comprises piezoelectric ceramics, a matching layer and a sound lens.
The device also includes a transparent water tight layer disposed outside the transceiver to provide protection.
The setting modes of the light transmitting and light transmitting module and the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module comprise a single-side light feeding mode and a double-side light feeding mode.
In the single-side light feeding mode:
the light transmitting and light transmitting module and the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module are only provided with one module and are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the transmitting and receiving surface in parallel, the array element plates in the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module are obliquely arranged, and the angle between the array element plates and the normal line of the transmitting and receiving surface is 50-80 degrees.
In the double-side light-feeding mode:
the two light transmitting and light transmitting modules are arranged, the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module is only provided with one, the two light transmitting and light transmitting modules are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module, and the array element plate in the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module is perpendicular to the transmitting and receiving surface.
The specific working process of the device is as follows:
1) controlling a plurality of channels to simultaneously transmit ultrasonic waves after beam forming according to an excitation signal of a host in the photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal synchronous imaging system, and irradiating a tissue area to be detected;
2) the embedded LED array light source emits pulse laser, and the beam shaping mirror and the light guide plate transmit the laser after shaping to the same tissue area to be detected covered by the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module to generate photoacoustic signals;
3) the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module receives ultrasonic signals reflected by tissues, and receives photoacoustic signals after certain time delay after laser triggering;
4) the received ultrasonic signals and the photoacoustic signals are transmitted to the host through the cable, and synchronous photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal imaging in the rectum is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) photoacoustic and ultrasonic simultaneous detection: the mode that will combine light emission module, multichannel ultrasonic probe based on embedded LED array light source together is adopted, has realized the while detection of two kinds of signals of optoacoustic, supersound to detect through adopting same probe unit, can realize the while of the supersound of same scanning plane and optoacoustic information and obtain.
2) The information is rich: the physical information and the chemical information of the same scanning plane can be obtained simultaneously, so that the detected tissue signal information is richer, and the operation is convenient and quick.
3) Low price and easy maintenance: the embedded LED array light source is used as an excitation light source, the laser emitting multiple wavelengths can be driven by the circuit independently, the single-wavelength LED array light source and the multi-wavelength integrated LED array light source can be installed and placed independently respectively, the single-wavelength LED array light source and the multi-wavelength integrated LED array light source are installed and placed in a combined mode, the LED array of each wavelength is driven by the corresponding driving circuit independently, and the LED array light source has the advantages of being small in size, low in price, easy to maintain and the like.
4) The space is enough: when a set of light emitting module and light transmitting module is provided, the array element board is obliquely arranged, so that enough space can be reserved for arranging the light emitting module and the light transmitting module, and the size can be reduced.
5) The detection effect is good: two groups of light emitting modules and light transmitting modules are arranged and are respectively positioned on two sides of the array element plate, so that the detection effect can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a dual-side light-feeding mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a single-sided left-side light feeding mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a single-sided right-side light feed mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an optical path diagram of the light emitting module and the light transmitting module according to the embodiment of the invention.
The notation in the figure is:
1. the LED array light source comprises a tubular plastic shell, 2, a double-core cable, 3, an embedded LED array light source, 4, a beam shaping mirror, 5, a light guide plate, 6, an array element plate, 7, a back lining, 8, FPC, 9, piezoelectric ceramics, 10, a matching layer, 11, an acoustic lens, 12, a fixed clamping groove, 13 and a transparent watertight layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
The invention provides a photoacoustic-ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on an embedded LED array light source, aiming at the problem that detection of photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal signals on hardware is difficult to integrate into the same endoscopic probe device under the condition of small enough size.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the apparatus includes:
the probe shell is provided with a transmitting and receiving surface;
further comprising:
the light emitting and transmitting module is at least provided with one group, the light emitting and transmitting modules are all arranged in the probe shell, one side of the light emitting and transmitting module is arranged on the transmitting and receiving surface, the light emitting module based on the embedded LED array light source is used for transmitting pulse laser with different wavelengths, and the light transmitting module shapes the laser and then sends the shaped laser to tissues to generate photoacoustic signals;
the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module is positioned in the probe shell, one side of the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module is arranged on the transmitting and receiving surface, and the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module is used for transmitting ultrasonic signals and receiving the ultrasonic signals and photoacoustic signals.
As shown in fig. 4, the light emitting module emits pulsed laser with different wavelengths, the light transmitting module transmits the pulsed laser to the rectum and the surrounding tissue to be measured, the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module includes at least an ultrasonic sound head, an array element plate, a phased array cable for emitting ultrasonic signals and receiving ultrasonic signals and photoacoustic signals, the tubular plastic casing of the endoscopic probe in the rectum is used for accommodating all other modules, and the ultrasonic and the photoacoustic dual-mode imaging in the rectum is realized
Wherein, the cable conductor of embedded LED array light source and phased array cable conductor pass through two core cable 2 parcels.
The embedded LED array light source can emit pulse laser with multiple wavelengths, and the length of the embedded LED light source is longer than that of the light beam shaping mirror and the light guide plate, so that the emitted pulse laser covers the whole light transmission area.
The ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module comprises an array element plate 6, a phased array cable and an ultrasonic sound head, one end of the array element plate 6 is connected with the phased array cable, the other end of the array element plate is connected with the ultrasonic sound head, receives a trigger signal from a driving circuit, transmits an ultrasonic signal, and sequentially receives an ultrasonic signal reflected by a longitudinal section tissue and a generated photoacoustic signal after a certain time delay. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic sound head may be a conventional sound head, and includes a piezoelectric ceramic 9, a matching layer 10, and an acoustic lens 11.
The probe shell comprises a tubular plastic shell 1, a fixed clamping groove 12 and a transparent watertight layer 13 for protecting the ultrasonic sound head and the light emitting and transmitting module, and the fixed clamping groove 12 is embedded in the tubular plastic shell 1 and used for fixing the ultrasonic sound head, the light emitting module and the transmitting module.
For the arrangement mode of the light emitting module and the light transmitting module, the light emitting module and the light transmitting module can be divided into a single-side light feeding mode and a double-side light feeding mode, and the two modes have the advantages respectively, specifically:
1) in the unilateral light supply mode, a group of light emitting modules and light transmitting modules are arranged, the array element plate 6 and the transmitting and receiving surface form an oblique angle, and one end of the array element plate, which is far away from the transmitting and receiving surface, is far away from the light emitting modules and the light transmitting modules. Preferably, the space area inside the probe on the cross section of the probe is divided into a left part and a right part, wherein the array element plate is arranged in a range of 50-80 degrees at a certain inclination angle, so that the light emitting module and the light transmitting module can be arranged on the other side inside the probe, and the fixing clamping groove is divided into two parts which are respectively used for fixing the ultrasonic sound head and the light transmitting plate, so that laser can penetrate from one side of the ultrasonic sound head to irradiate the tissue area to be detected; the modules in the left and right partial areas can be placed in an exchangeable manner;
2) in the double-side light supply mode, a space region in the cross section of the probe inside the probe is divided into three parts, wherein an array element plate 6 is arranged in the middle region and forms a right angle with a transmitting and receiving surface, two groups of light emitting modules and light transmitting modules are respectively arranged on two sides of the array element plate, and fixing clamping grooves are divided into three parts and are respectively used for fixing an ultrasonic sound head in the middle and light guide plates on two sides, so that laser penetrates from two sides of the ultrasonic sound head to irradiate a tissue region to be detected;
the light transmission module comprises a beam shaping mirror 4 and a light guide plate 5, the beam shaping mirror 4 and the light guide plate 5 are arranged on a light path from front to back, the light guide plate 5 is fixed on the probe shell, and light beams are further homogenized by the light guide plate 5 and then irradiated outwards after being shaped by the beam shaping mirror 4. The light beam after the light guide plate 5 is homogenized irradiates the same tissue area to be detected covered by the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module, and is used for generating photoacoustic signals, and the equation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0001918149100000051
wherein p (r, t) is sound pressure, H (r, t) is a heat source function excited in an imaging region by incident laser light, H (r, t) is a (r) i (t), a (r) is a light absorption distribution of a tissue, i (t) is irradiation light intensity, β is a thermal expansion coefficient, C is a thermal expansion coefficient of the tissue, and b is a thermal expansion coefficient of the tissuepFor specific heat capacity, c is the tissue sound velocity,
Figure BDA0001918149100000061
and r is the distance from an imaging point to an incidence point, and t is time.
The application comprises the following steps:
step S1: based on an excitation signal of a photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal synchronous imaging system (a system disclosed by a Chinese patent CN105395170A can be adopted), a plurality of channels are controlled to simultaneously emit ultrasonic waves after beam forming, and a tissue area to be detected is irradiated;
step S2: the embedded LED array light emitting module emits pulse laser, and the light transmitting module transmits the shaped laser to the same tissue area to be detected covered by the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module for generating photoacoustic signals.
Step S3: the method comprises the steps of receiving an excitation signal of the photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal synchronous imaging system, receiving an ultrasonic signal reflected by a tissue by an ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module, triggering by laser, and receiving the photoacoustic signal after a certain time delay.
Step S4: the received ultrasonic signals and the photoacoustic signals are transmitted to the host through the cable, and synchronous photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal imaging in the rectum is achieved.

Claims (1)

1. A photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device based on an embedded LED is characterized by comprising:
a probe shell: comprises a tubular plastic shell (1) and a transmitting and receiving surface;
light emission and light transmission module: the light emitting and transmitting module comprises an embedded LED array light source (3), a light beam shaping mirror (4) and a light guide plate (5) which are sequentially arranged along a light path, the embedded LED array light source (3) is connected with a host through a double-core cable (2), and the embedded LED array light source (3) comprises a single-wavelength LED array light source and/or a multi-wavelength integrated LED array light source;
the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module comprises: the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module comprises an array element plate (6) and an ultrasonic sound head, the top end of the array element plate (6) is connected with a host through a double-core cable (2), the bottom end of the array element plate is connected with the ultrasonic sound head, and the ultrasonic sound head comprises piezoelectric ceramics (9), a matching layer (10) and a sound lens (11);
a host computer: the double-core cable (2) is respectively connected with the light emitting and transmitting module and the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module, and is used for driving to emit laser and ultrasonic signals and receiving photoacoustic signals and reflected ultrasonic signals for imaging;
the device also comprises a transparent water tight layer (13) which is arranged outside the transmitting and receiving surface and provides protection;
the setting modes of the light transmitting and light transmitting module and the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module comprise a single-side light feeding mode and a double-side light feeding mode,
in the single-side light feeding mode:
the light transmitting and light transmitting module and the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the transmitting and receiving surface, and the array element plate (6) in the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module is obliquely arranged, and the angle between the array element plate and the normal line of the transmitting and receiving surface is 50-80 degrees;
in the double-side light-feeding mode:
the number of the light emitting and transmitting modules is two, only one ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module is arranged, the two light emitting and transmitting modules are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module, and an array element plate (6) in the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module is perpendicular to an emitting and receiving surface;
the specific working process of the device is as follows:
1) controlling a plurality of channels to simultaneously emit ultrasonic waves after beam forming according to an excitation signal of a host in the photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal transrectal endoscopic imaging device so as to irradiate a tissue area to be detected;
2) the embedded LED array light source emits pulse laser, and the beam shaping mirror and the light guide plate transmit the laser after shaping to the same tissue area to be detected covered by the ultrasonic phased array emitting and receiving module to generate photoacoustic signals;
3) the ultrasonic phased array transmitting and receiving module receives ultrasonic signals reflected by tissues, and receives photoacoustic signals after certain time delay after laser triggering;
4) the received ultrasonic signals and the photoacoustic signals are transmitted to the host through the double-core cable, and synchronous photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal imaging in the rectum is achieved.
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