CN109495063A - The energy-storage type drive system of season is adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket - Google Patents
The energy-storage type drive system of season is adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket Download PDFInfo
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- CN109495063A CN109495063A CN201811237065.2A CN201811237065A CN109495063A CN 109495063 A CN109495063 A CN 109495063A CN 201811237065 A CN201811237065 A CN 201811237065A CN 109495063 A CN109495063 A CN 109495063A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008844 regulatory mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000127225 Enceliopsis nudicaulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005183 dynamical system Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010338 mechanical breakdown Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of energy-storage type drive systems of adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket of season, energy input is obtained from photovoltaic battery panel, the storage subsystem of electric energy in short-term and a mechanical energy storage subsystem based on clump weight potential energy including one based on capacitor, stored energy are used to drive the annual variation law movement of season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket according to sun elevation angle.For 1 year round-trip super slow motion feature of season adjustable photovoltaic tracking bracket, capacitor low current is devised to charge at a slow speed, high current is discharged the service intermittent mode of driving motor in short-term, is effectively reduced the power demand of solar panel and supply convertor, is thereby reduced equipment overall cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sun tracker technical field, the energy-storage type for being related to season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket is driven
Dynamic system.
Background technique
Photovoltaic tracking bracket is widely used in solar energy power generating field, and function is by adjusting the work of tracking bracket
Make angle, make the spatial position of the photovoltaic battery panel installed on the bracket tracking sun, reaches maximization and receive solar radiation energy
Purpose.
The spatial movement of the perfect tracking sun needs the tracking of two angles in azimuth and pitch angle, and this bracket is known as double
Axis tracks bracket.It, can by a fixation in azimuth and pitch angle and only in order to improve the cost effectiveness of photovoltaic tracking bracket
Another is tracked, this tracking bracket is known as uniaxial tracking bracket.The uniaxial photovoltaic tracking branch of rotary shaft less parallel ground level
Frame is known as flat single shaft.Flat single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket can be divided into two kinds of " the flat single shaft in north and south " and " thing is put down uniaxial " again.
The so-called flat single shaft in north and south refers to that main rotating shaft north-south is arranged, the normal of solar panel plane tracks the sun from east orientation west
Azimuthal variation；The so-called flat single shaft of thing refers to that main rotating shaft East and West direction is arranged, solar panel normal direction tracks altitude of the sun
The variation at angle.The tracking solar azimuth variation from West to East daily of the flat uniaxial needs in north and south, and returned after the sun is fallen.
Since the variation range of solar elevation among one day is smaller, cosine effect between solar panel and sunlight compared with
It is weak, therefore the flat uniaxial tracking bracket of thing does not consider usually to track the variation of daily solar elevation, it is only necessary to a Nian Zhongji
The average pitch angle of section variation adjustment photovoltaic tracking bracket.This thing for pressing seasonal variations adjustment pitch angle in 1 year
Flat single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket is also referred to as " season is adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket ".
Since the rule of tracking movement is different, the north and south of daily real-time tracking solar azimuth puts down single shaft and presses seasonal adjustment
The flat uniaxial tracking bracket of the thing of pitch angle has following important difference in structure:
In terms of drive system mechanical structure, due to acting frequently, daily one is adjusted back and forth the flat single shaft in north and south, therefore its
Final stage driving mechanism mostly uses disc type speed reducer and electric pushrod etc. to have the structure of bearing and lubrication.Season is adjustable, and thing is flat uniaxial
Annual one is adjusted back and forth, and the movement frequency is substantially less than north and south and puts down single shaft, entirely uses in life cycle and there was only tens of adjustings
Back and forth, therefore its final stage driving mechanism mostly uses the simple driving structure such as scissor-like jack and rack-and-pinion.
In terms of drive system tracks operating principle, it is usually necessary to use motor drives for the flat single shaft in the north and south of real-time action
It is dynamic, it is therefore desirable to the equipment such as stand-by power source and service cable to support electric drive system to work.Put down uniaxial driving electricity in north and south
Usually there are " station service centrally managed distribution " and " live photovoltaic battery panel takes electricity " two kinds of operating modes in source.Using station service centrally managed distribution
Need to lay a large amount of power supply private cable when mode in photovoltaic power generation factory, complicated higher cost of constructing.Using live photovoltaic
Solar panel usually requires that solar panel power is suitable with driving motor power when directly taking the power supply mode of electricity.And it needs for power supply system
Standby large-capacity battery under unified central planning, for ensuring when solar irradiance declines photovoltaic battery panel generated energy deficiency, tracking system tool
By battery when having enough electric energy that solar panel revolution is reset to second day power generation position, or can not generate electricity under extreme weather
Plate is rotated to wind resistance reset position.Due to needing the photovoltaic power generation apparatus and energy storage battery of larger capacity, traditional photovoltaic electric
The automatic electricity getting working method equipment investment of pond plate scene is larger.
And thing is flat uniaxial since angle change speed is extremely slow, generallys use and is manually manually adjusted by season or month
Working principle, eliminate expensive electrical system, effectively reduce the cost of tracking support system.Due to season adjustable thing
Flat single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket mostly uses the working method manually manually adjusted by season, thus this photovoltaic tracking bracket also by
Referred to as " manual adjustable support ".
Season adjustable photovoltaic tracking bracket uses the working method manually adjusted by season, the time interval of adjustment
Greatly, cause to track bracket movement not in time, the mean cosine effect between solar panel and sunray increases, and has lost certain ratio
The photovoltaic power generation quantity of example.
The initial construction cost that season adjustable photovoltaic tracks bracket is lower, but manually adjusts in the operational process of power station
Larger workload, cause the maintenance cost in later period higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy-storage type drive systems of adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket of season, solve
Existing season adjustable photovoltaic tracking bracket manually adjusts the high problem of great work intensity, later maintenance cost existing for mode.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket, packet
Photovoltaic battery panel is included, the electrical energy transportation of photovoltaic battery panel output is to DC/DC converter, the electric energy that DC/DC converter will acquire point
Transmitted for two-way, be transmitted to all the way with detect and control function with track bracket controller, for for tracking bracket
Controller provides working power；Another way is exported after voltage class converts to energy storage capacitor, realizes power storage；
Bracket controller is tracked by signal control motor driver, motor driver is revolved for drive motor
Turn, motor drives mechanical accumulated energy mechanism action.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
Mechanical accumulated energy mechanism includes reduction gear box, and the input terminal of reduction gear box and the main shaft of motor connect, slow down
The gearbox output shaft of gear-box is connected to one end of attitude regulation mechanism input shaft, and attitude regulation mechanism input shaft is connected to appearance
On state regulating mechanism, the shell of reduction gear box is connected to the driving swing arm upper end of sagging setting.
Obliquity sensor is additionally provided in driving swing arm, obliquity sensor is used to measure the inclination angle alpha of driving swing arm, with
Track bracket controller is for reading inclination angle alpha.
When the length and focusing in deflection process certainly of the driving swing arm itself cannot be provided more than or equal to attitude regulation
When torque needed for the rotation of mechanism input shaft, the lower end of swing arm is driven to be connected with clump weight, clump weight is used for: in driving swing arm rotation
During turning, the swing height H with driving swing arm increases, and realizes the storage to driving swing arm driving energy.
Tracking control unit can calculate after reading inclination angle alpha according to the length L of driving swing arm and the weight G of clump weight
The torque T applied on attitude regulation mechanism input shaft is obtained, when torque T is more than max-thresholds, tracking bracket controller passes through
Signal is sent to motor driver, stops the driving to motor, realizes and stops protection.
Tracking bracket controller is used to detect the port voltage of energy storage capacitor, when the port voltage of energy storage capacitor rises
To default value, tracking bracket controller utilizes the electric energy stored in energy storage capacitor by signal enabling motor driver
Drive motor rotation.
When the rated power of the photovoltaic battery panel and the rated power of DC/DC converter are respectively less than motor rated power
When, it need to just can produce the electrical power of drive motor work using the accumulation of energy of energy storage capacitor, after the completion of energy storage capacitor accumulation of energy,
Motor consumes the electric energy stored in energy storage capacitor and completes the maximum duration of a motor drive no more than 30s.
The invention has the advantages that the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket of the invention, is adopted
Photovoltaic tracking bracket is driven by accumulation of energy with the small-power energy that photovoltaic battery panel exports, simplifying power supply unit structure reduces
Cost；The characteristics of acting at a slow speed for season adjustable support and being required without accumulation of energy return, using capacitor instead of photovoltaic tracking
Common large capacity energy storage battery, avoids service life and the maintenance issues of battery in system；It is defeated to motor using swing arm structure
Mechanical potential accumulation of energy is carried out out, improves transmission efficiency while simplifying Vidacare corp support construction.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the energy-storage type drive system of season of the invention adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket；
Fig. 2 is installation of the energy-storage type drive system of season of the invention adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket on photovoltaic bracket
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is mechanical accumulated energy mechanism and appearance in the energy-storage type drive system of season of the invention adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket
The attachment structure schematic diagram of state regulating mechanism input shaft；
Fig. 4 is attitude regulation mechanism and appearance in the energy-storage type drive system of season of the invention adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket
The attachment structure schematic diagram of state regulating mechanism input shaft；
Fig. 5 is DC/DC converter, accumulation of energy in the energy-storage type drive system of season of the invention adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket
The circuit connection diagram of capacitor and motor driver bracket；
Fig. 6 (a), (b) be in the energy-storage type drive system of season of the invention adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket season it is adjustable
Uniaxial photovoltaic tracking holder pivots drive the status diagram of swing arm rotation.
In figure, 1. photovoltaic battery panels, 2. tracking bracket controllers, 3.DC/DC converter, 4. energy storage capacitors, 5. motors
Driver, 6. motor, 7. reduction gear boxes, 8. gearbox output shafts, 9. attitude regulation mechanisms, 10. seasons are adjustable uniaxial light
Volt tracking bracket, 11. attitude regulation mechanism input shafts, 12. high power battery board groups, 13. driving swing arms, 14. clump weights, 15.
16. luffing mechanism crossbeam of obliquity sensor, 17. pitching shafts, 18. tracking bracket upright posts, 19 attitude regulation mechanism upper extreme points, 20
Attitude regulation mechanism lower extreme point, 21. scissor-like jack support arms, the horizontal endpoint of 22. scissor-like jacks, 23.DC/DC controller.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket of the invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, including photovoltaic
Solar panel 1, photovoltaic battery panel 1 export electric energy be successively delivered to DC/DC converter 3, energy storage capacitor 4, motor driver 5 and
Motor 6, motor 6 are connected with mechanical accumulated energy mechanism；
Further include tracking bracket controller 2, tracking bracket controller 2 respectively with DC/DC converter 3, energy storage capacitor 4 and
Motor driver 5 connects.
Mechanical accumulated energy mechanism includes reduction gear box 7, and the input terminal of reduction gear box 7 connect with the main shaft of motor 6, subtracts
The gearbox output shaft 8 of fast gear-box 7 is connected to one end of attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11, attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11
It is connected in attitude regulation mechanism 9.The shell of reduction gear box 7 is connected to 13 upper end of driving swing arm of sagging setting.Reducing gear
Roller box 7 has self-locking structure.
Obliquity sensor 15 is additionally provided in driving swing arm 13, obliquity sensor 15 is connect with tracking bracket controller 2.
The lower end of driving swing arm 13 is connected with clump weight 14.
Season is adjustable, and uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket 10 includes high power battery board group 12, and high power battery board group 12 is mounted on
On luffing mechanism crossbeam 16, luffing mechanism crossbeam 16 is connected to the top of tracking bracket upright post 18, posture by pitching shaft 17
The common driving forms such as scissor-like jack, lead screw screw rod or rack-and-pinion, posture tune in the present embodiment may be selected in regulating mechanism 9
It saves mechanism 9 and uses existing scissor-like jack；It is illustrated by taking the photovoltaic tracking bracket of scissor-like jack driving as an example.
Scissor-like jack is a kind of common hoisting apparatus, as shown in figure 4, it is very heavy by four hinged scissors that assume diamond in shape
Topmast arm 21 is constituted, and rotatably adjustable lead screw is provided in the by-level of four scissor-like jack support arms 21.This reality
It applies in example, the lower part node i.e. attitude regulation mechanism lower extreme point 20 of scissor-like jack are connected by rotatable hinge
In tracking bracket upright post 18.The upper node i.e. attitude regulation mechanism upper extreme point 19 of scissor-like jack, by rotatable
Be hingedly connected on luffing mechanism crossbeam 16.When the horizontal adjustment lead screw of scissor-like jack, that is, attitude regulation mechanism are defeated
Enter axis 11, when rotating, the distance between attitude regulation mechanism upper extreme point 19 and attitude regulation mechanism lower extreme point 20 can be changed.
When the distance between attitude regulation mechanism upper extreme point 19 and attitude regulation mechanism lower extreme point 20 change, pitching machine can be driven
Structure crossbeam 16 is rotated around pitching shaft 17, achievees the purpose that adjust 12 pitch angle of high power battery board group.
For reducing pitch angle, attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11 rotates, under the action of screw and nut,
The distance between two horizontal endpoints of scissor-like jack reduce, attitude regulation structure upper extreme point 19 and attitude regulation structure lower extreme point
Height between 20 increases, and realizes the pushing tow function to luffing mechanism crossbeam 16.Under the thrusting action of scissor-like jack, pitching
Mechanism crossbeam 16 is rotated around pitching shaft 17 to horizontal direction, to realize subtracting for 12 pitch angle of high power battery board group
Small adjustment.The adjustment process for increasing by 12 pitch angle of high power battery board group is similar only contrary.
Scissor-like jack separately installed multiple can also be installed in series on season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket, go here and there
It needs to be connected in series synchronous rotary for the shaft of different jack when connection installation.The driving machines such as screw rod lead screw and rack-and-pinion
It is similar that structure is applied to situation when season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket, it is unified be characterized in having one it is horizontally disposed defeated
Entering axis, input shaft can be with horizontal series, and the distance between two endpoints change driving mechanism up and down when trunnion axis rotates, from
And realize the adjustment of 16 angle of luffing mechanism crossbeam.
The pitch angle for adjusting high power battery board group 12 in season adjustable photovoltaic support, needs rotation attitude regulating mechanism
9 attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11.When the end of attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11 is subjected to displacement, by DC/ in the present invention
The energy-storage type driving system structure that DC converter 3, energy storage capacitor 4, motor driver 5 and motor 6 form can move therewith
It is dynamic.
Tracking bracket controller 2 is a kind of prerequisite control device of all adjust automatically tracing type photovoltaic brackets,
Core is the microprocessor with calculation processing power, which can be according to current photovoltaic tracking bracket target angle
Deviation between actual angle automatically issues instruction control motor, and reaches target angle by motor band motion tracking bracket
Spend range.It can also realize that equivalent current supply management, working condition are supervised by the calculation processing power of tracking bracket controller 2 simultaneously
It surveys and the functions such as safeguard protection.The present invention increases the pipe of accumulation electrical source on the basis of existing photovoltaic tracking bracket controller 2
Manage function.
Core of the invention is the energy-storage type dynamical system of season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket, tracking bracket control
Device 2, which detects and controls the specific method of high power battery board group pitch angle, does not influence the realization of technical solution of the present invention, tracks
The specific installation site of bracket controller 2 nor affects on the realization of technical solution of the present invention.
The parameter of power pack is as follows in the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket of the invention:
Photovoltaic battery panel 1: voltage rating DC6V, rated current 200mA, power 1.2W；
Motor 6: voltage rating 12V, rated current 2.2A, power > 25W, starting current 4.5A.
DC/DC converter 3: input voltage 2-7V, maximum input service electric current 250mA.
As shown in figure 5, the electric energy that photovoltaic battery panel 1 exports is sent into DC/DC converter 3, DC/DC converter 3 is controlled by DC/DC
Device 23 and peripheral electrical element processed are constituted, and core function is to realize the charging accumulation of energy of energy storage capacitor 4.Energy storage capacitor 4 is adopted
It is in series to amount to 4 supercapacitors with C1, C2, C3, C4 of pressure-resistant 5.5V capacity 4F.The internal resistance 200m of single capacitor
Ω, rated current 2.5A, maximum operating currenbt 10.0A, the capacity of energy storage capacitor group is 1.0F after series connection, and pressure resistance is 22V, interior
Hinder 0.8 Ω.
Series capacitor is distinguished parallel connection and is matched because of individual capacitors over-voltage caused by internal resistance difference, each capacitor in order to prevent
Zener diode D11, D12, D13 and the D14 for being equipped with 5.6V carry out pressure and handle.When single capacitor over-voltage, two pole of pressure stabilizing
Pipe will provide current bypass circuit.
DC/DC converter 3 in the present embodiment uses the controllable step-up DC/DC converter with MPPT following function,
Entire circuit is Boost structure.DC/DC controller 23 makes itself and inductance L1 and two poles by DRV port controlling MOSFET pipe Q1
Pipe D0 constitutes Boost circuit.DC/DC controller 23 is detected on sample resistance R8 by port CSP and CSN in charging process
Charging current, realize to the constant-current charge of energy storage capacitor 4.Circuit is electric by the end of capacitor group by divider resistance R7 and R6
Pressure is input to the FB feedback measurement end of DC/DC controller 23, when voltage rises to preset 20V when capacitor group end, DC/DC control
Device 23 processed stops working, and charging process terminates.
In order to realize the capacitor charging circuit be made of DC/DC converter 3 and energy storage capacitor 4 and tracking bracket controller
Signal between 2 connects, and the DC/DC controller 23 in DC/DC converter 3 can be received by the port SHDN come autotracking bracket
Controller 2 starts and stops order.It when the port SHDN is low level, charges to energy storage capacitor 4, when the port SHDN is height
When level, energy storage capacitor 4 stops charging.In 4 charging process of energy storage capacitor, the end CHRG of DC/DC controller 23 is low
Level, when charging to preset 20V voltage, the end CHRG exports high level, informs tracking bracket controller 2, energy storage capacitor 4
Charging finishes, and has operating condition.
During charging work, DC/DC controller 23 detects the inductive current flowed through on Q1 by sample resistance R5, and leads to
DC/DC controller 23 is inputted after crossing the filter circuit that R4 and C02 is constituted, realizes detection and protection to inductance operating current.
When intensity of illumination deficiency, the output energy of photovoltaic battery panel 1 is insufficient, can not be electric to accumulation of energy by default rated current
Container 4 charges.The voltage status of photovoltaic battery panel 1 is passed through MPPT by sample resistance network R1 and R2 by DC/DC controller 23
Port input, when 1 voltage of photovoltaic battery panel is lower than rated value 6V, 23 adjust automatically setting charging current value of DC/DC controller,
Actual charge current numerical value is reduced, realizes the maximal power tracing of 1 power of photovoltaic battery panel, abbreviation MPPT control.
In Fig. 5, photovoltaic battery panel 1 export electric energy 3 inner branch of DC/DC converter all the way power supply to tracking bracket
Controller 2 provides working power.3 circuit of DC/DC converter can according to circumstances before voltage transformation and voltage transformation after to
Track bracket controller 2 provides power supply.This embodiment is in voltage transformation premise power supply source.
In the state of charging complete, if tracking support angle deviation transfinites, tracking bracket controller 2 be can star
Motor driver 5 drives motor 6.In this embodiment motor driver 5 be one by four transistor Q1, Q2,
The H bridge type direct current motor drive circuit that Q3, Q4 are constituted includes PWM type decompression driving function, can be by the capacitor of 20.0-14.0V
Group end voltage step-down is exported to 12V, maximum starting operating current > 5A, 2.2A when nominal operation.
Under this running parameter, the energy storage capacitor 4 that 1.0 farads of equivalent capacity once discharges the electricity of release from 20V to 14V
It can are as follows:
W=0.5CU2=0.5 × 1 × 20 × 20=200J.
W=0.5CU2=0.5 × 1 × 14 × 14=98J.
A maximum discharge capacity is 102J=200J-98J
It is assumed that the efficiency of H bridge type PWM drive circuit is about 85%, effective output of 102 joules of energy storage is about 86.7 burnt
Ear can drive 25W motor 6 to work more than 3.47s.It is defeated to set its gear-box after the deceleration of reduction gear box 7 of motor 6
The revolving speed of shaft 8 is 0.5RPM, and the 3.47s time is rotatable more than 10.4 degree.
When irradiation level reaches solar panel rated value, the power of photovoltaic battery panel 1 is 1.2W, and setting Boost circuit turns
Changing efficiency is 82%, then charge power is 0.98W.Being filled with 98J electric energy needs 100s can be completed.
Due to using capacitor accumulation of energy structure, the power of photovoltaic battery panel 1 is significantly less than the power of motor 6, photovoltaic
It is 10% even more small to can achieve 6 power of motor for the power of solar panel 1.While reducing the cost of photovoltaic battery panel 1
Volume is also reduced, in-site installation is facilitated.Although energy storage capacitor 4 is small compared to battery storage capacity and the electric energy holding time
It is short, but meet the requirement of intermittent drive at a slow speed of season levelling single-shaft support just.
The parameter set in the present embodiment is driving swing arm 13 is L=0.5m long, 14 mass m=4Kg of clump weight, clump weight
14 weight is G=mg.
Without loss of generality, as shown in Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (a) is the initial mounting state figure for driving swing arm；Initial installation rear-guard
Vertically downward, gearbox output shaft 8 exports attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11 without torque to movable pendulum arm 13.Such as Fig. 6 (b) institute
Show, 6 (b) be the status diagram for driving swing arm 13 to rotate angle [alpha] with attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11；Work as gearbox output shaft
After 8 rotate counterclockwise, driving swing arm 13 side oscillation to the left under counter-force effect, as drive system constantly obtains Driven by Solar Energy
Motor 6 rotates, and the drift angle α of driving swing arm 13 is continuously increased, and the height gain H of clump weight 14 is constantly increased, and realizes mechanical store
The purpose that can be driven.
Storing ENERGY E can be calculated using following formula
E=mg H=mg (L-L × cos α) (1)；
The torque for driving swing arm 13 and clump weight 14 to form attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11 simultaneously can be calculated with following formula:
T=mg L sin α (2)；
When driving swing arm drift angle α=90 degree, driving swing arm 13 and clump weight 14 are to 11 shape of attitude regulation mechanism input shaft
At torque it is maximum, under conditions of L=0.5m in this example, 14 mass 4Kg of clump weight, maximum input torque are as follows: T=4 ×
9.8 × 0.5 × 1=19.6N.m.
It sets 100 circle tracking bracket pitch angle of the rotation of attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11 and adjusts 45 degree, then average rotation
Turning reduction ratio is 800, it is assumed that the transmission efficiency of this scissor-like jack (attitude regulation mechanism 9) is 30% in this example.Simultaneously
It is assumed that the torque demand of the final stage solar panel adjustment of tracking bracket is 1920N.m.
Then input torque demand is 8N.m (1920=800 × 30% × 8)
It is assumed that the torque demand that attitude regulation mechanism 9 overcomes static friction to rotate is 8N.m, then start-up trace bracket acts
Input torque demand are as follows:
T=8+8=16N.m
When angle increases to α=54.8 degree, input torque T=4 × 9.8 × 0.5 × sin54.8=16N.m, at this time
After the input torque of 16N.m overcomes the static friction torque of 8N.m, the attitude regulation machine of season is adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket 10
The net moment of torsion of the input of structure input shaft 11 8N.m.It, can be to final stage solar panel under conditions of 800 times of reduction ratio, transmission efficiency 30%
Bracket inputs the torque of 1920N.m, so that season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket 10 be driven to start to rotate, clump weight 14 starts
It falls, while drift angle α reduces.
It is assumed that it is 2N.m that the driving mechanism of season adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket 10, which overcomes the torque demand of dynamic friction, when
When drift angle is continued to decline to α=30.7 degree or less, input torque is less than T=4 × 9.8 × 0.5 × sin30.7=10.0N.m, drives
The torque that movable pendulum arm 13 inputs is less than the 2N.m for overcoming season adjustable uniaxial 10 resistance 8N.m of photovoltaic tracking bracket and dynamic friction
The sum of torque, 11 stopping of attitude regulation mechanism input shaft movement.
Season, adjustable uniaxial 10 drift angle α of photovoltaic tracking bracket increased to 54.7 degree from 0 ° in this example, and driving season is adjustable
It is that primary driving is adjusted that uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket 10, which is fallen after rise after acting to 30.7 degree of process,.Actuating range is 24 degree, is needed
Electrical system carries out 2-3 accumulation of energy.After the completion of primary driving is adjusted system under the action of motor 6 and reduction gear box 7 after
It is continuous to increase drift angle α, start next adjustment process.
The potential energy of swing arm 13 and clump weight 14 is driven when α=54.7 degree are as follows:
E=4 × 9.8 × (0.5 (1-cos54.7 °))=4 × 9.8 × 0.422=16.5J
The potential energy of swing arm 13 and clump weight 14 is driven when α=30.7 degree are as follows:
E=4 × 9.8 × (0.5 (1-cos30.7 °))=4 × 9.8 × 0.14=5.5J
The energy of release is 16.5-5.5=11 joules.
In driving 13 course of work of swing arm, obliquity sensor 15 can drive the tilt angle [alpha] of swing arm with actual measurement, and
It can be calculated by above-mentioned formula (2) and obtain driving torque T, driving torque T can reach after driving swing arm 13 to reach horizontal position
Maximum value.It can control the maximum drive torque T of system by adjusting driving 13 length L of swing arm and 14 weight G of clump weight.
When mechanical breakdown, which occurs, causes bracket that can not rotate, drift angle α persistently increases, and tracking bracket controller 2 is by inclining
Angle transducer 15 measures drift angle α and calculates and peak torque can be achieved after the driving torque T of attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11 protects
Shield.Set in this embodiment α >=75 degree when torque overload alarm, corresponding protection torque at this time are as follows:
T=4 × 9.8 × 0.5 × sin75=19.0N.m
75 degree after α is more than maximum set value, torque is more than 19.0N.m, and system will stop motor 6 and drive and alarm,
It realizes and stops protection.
In the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket of the invention, the specified function of photovoltaic battery panel 1
The rated power of rate and DC/DC converter 3, respectively less than the 20% of 6 rated power of motor, need through energy storage capacitor 4
Accumulation of energy just can produce the electrical power of the work of drive motor 6, and after the completion of accumulation of energy, motor 6 consumes storage in energy storage capacitor 4
Electric energy complete the maximum duration that primary motor 6 in short-term drives and be no more than 30s；
Photovoltaic battery panel 1 can be separately provided, and also may be derived from high power battery board group 12.
Structurally and mechanically one entirety of composition can be used in combination in accumulating mechanism for capacitor accumulation of energy in the present invention, can also individually divide
Open independent use.
When driving swing arm 13 itself length and certainly focus on deflection after can provide greater than attitude regulation mechanism input shaft 11
When torque required for rotating, clump weight 14 can be cancelled.
The characteristics of energy-storage type drive system of season of the invention is adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket is, for it is intermittent in short-term
Movement is mechanical to be needed often to overcome the problems, such as that drive efficiency caused by stiction is low and drive shaft tip position is with bracket
The problem of attitudes vibration, devises the mechanical energy storage subsystem based on pendency swing arm and clump weight, passes through pendency swing arm and counterweight
The cooperating of block inputs driving torque to tracking carriage drive axis, while rotating raised potential energy by clump weight and realizing machinery
It can store, achieve the purpose that simplified driving mechanism mounting means and improve energy utilization efficiency.
Claims (7)
1. the energy-storage type drive system of season is adjustable uniaxial photovoltaic tracking bracket, it is characterised in that: including photovoltaic battery panel (1),
For the electrical energy transportation of photovoltaic battery panel (1) output to DC/DC converter (3), the electric energy that DC/DC converter (3) will acquire is divided into two
Road is transmitted, be transmitted to all the way with detect and control function with track bracket controller (2), for for tracking bracket control
Device (2) processed provides working power；Another way is exported after voltage class converts to energy storage capacitor (4), realizes power storage；
Bracket controller (2) are tracked by signal control motor driver (5), motor driver (5) is used for drive motor (6)
It rotates, motor (6) drives mechanical accumulated energy mechanism action.
2. the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The mechanical accumulated energy mechanism includes reduction gear box (7), and the input terminal of reduction gear box (7) is connect with the main shaft of motor (6),
The gearbox output shaft (8) of reduction gear box (7) is connected to one end of attitude regulation mechanism input shaft (11), attitude regulation mechanism
Input shaft (11) is connected on attitude regulation mechanism (9), and the shell of reduction gear box (7) is connected to the driving swing arm of sagging setting
(13) upper end.
3. the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
It is additionally provided with obliquity sensor (15) on driving swing arm (13), obliquity sensor (15) is used to measure driving swing arm (13)
Inclination angle alpha, the tracking bracket controller (2) is for reading the inclination angle alpha.
4. the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
When the length and focusing in deflection process certainly of driving swing arm (13) itself cannot be provided more than or equal to attitude regulation mechanism
When torque needed for input shaft (11) rotation, the lower end of driving swing arm (13) is connected with clump weight (14), the clump weight
(14) it is used for: in driving swing arm (13) rotary course, as the swing height H of driving swing arm (14) increases, realizing to driving
The storage of swing arm (13) driving energy.
5. the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The tracking control unit (2), can be according to the length L and clump weight (14) of driving swing arm (13) after reading the inclination angle alpha
Weight G calculate and obtain the torque T that applies on attitude regulation mechanism input shaft (11), when torque T is more than max-thresholds, tracking
Bracket controller (2) stops the driving to motor (6), realizes and stop protection by sending signal to motor driver (5).
6. the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Tracking bracket controller (2) is used to detect the port voltage of energy storage capacitor (4), when the port of energy storage capacitor (4) electricity
After pressure rises to default value, tracking bracket controller (2) utilizes energy storage capacitor by signal enabling motor driver (5)
(4) electrical energy drive motor (6) rotation stored in.
7. the energy-storage type drive system of season adjustable single shaft photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
When the rated power of the photovoltaic battery panel (1) and the rated power of DC/DC converter (3) are respectively less than motor (6) specified function
Rate, need to just can produce the electrical power of drive motor (6) work using the accumulation of energy of energy storage capacitor (4), and energy storage capacitor (4) stores
After the completion of energy, when motor (6) consumes the longest of an electric energy completion motor (6) driving stored in energy storage capacitor (4)
Between be no more than 30s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811237065.2A CN109495063B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Energy storage type driving system of season-adjustable single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support |
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| CN201811237065.2A CN109495063B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Energy storage type driving system of season-adjustable single-shaft photovoltaic tracking support |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112271990A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-26 | 无锡昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic system, adjusting bracket subsystem, control assembly and working method of photovoltaic system |
| CN112350648A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-09 | 无锡昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | Working method, control assembly, storage medium and motor drive subsystem of photovoltaic system |
| EP3905469A1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-03 | AUMA Riester GmbH & Co. KG | Actuator |
| WO2022088557A1 (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-05-05 | 无锡昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic system |
| CN116545362A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-04 | 华能黑龙江发电有限公司新能源分公司 | Coordinated type photovoltaic tracking bracket system is supported to parallel screw rod multiple spot diamond |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206878546U (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2018-01-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of solar recharging system of automatic tracing sunlight |
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2018
- 2018-10-23 CN CN201811237065.2A patent/CN109495063B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206878546U (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2018-01-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of solar recharging system of automatic tracing sunlight |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3905469A1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-03 | AUMA Riester GmbH & Co. KG | Actuator |
| CN112271990A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-26 | 无锡昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic system, adjusting bracket subsystem, control assembly and working method of photovoltaic system |
| CN112350648A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-09 | 无锡昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | Working method, control assembly, storage medium and motor drive subsystem of photovoltaic system |
| WO2022088557A1 (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-05-05 | 无锡昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic system |
| WO2022088558A1 (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-05-05 | 无锡昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | Operating method for photovoltaic system, and control assembly, storage medium and electric motor driving subsystem |
| CN116545362A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-04 | 华能黑龙江发电有限公司新能源分公司 | Coordinated type photovoltaic tracking bracket system is supported to parallel screw rod multiple spot diamond |
| CN116545362B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2024-01-19 | 华能黑龙江发电有限公司新能源分公司 | Coordinated type photovoltaic tracking bracket system is supported to parallel screw rod multiple spot diamond |
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| CN109495063B (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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