CN109492938B - Dessert indicator factor-based deep carbonate reservoir quality evaluation method - Google Patents
Dessert indicator factor-based deep carbonate reservoir quality evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dessert indicator factor-based deep carbonate reservoir quality evaluation method, which comprises the following steps of: 1) respectively acquiring porosity, lithology, hydrocarbon-containing property and fracture density data of a deep carbonate reservoir through logging data; 2) obtaining a dessert indicator factor F of a deep carbonate reservoir; 3) according to the normalized dessert indicating factor
The quality of the carbonate reservoir is evaluated. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of suitability for deep carbonate reservoirs, quantitative evaluation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geophysical, in particular to a method for evaluating the quality of a deep carbonate reservoir based on dessert indicator factors.
Background
Deep carbonate rock often has the characteristics of compact reservoir, strong heterogeneity and the like, so that the quality of the reservoir is difficult to effectively evaluate by using single physical rock parameters.
The existing reservoir sweet spot indicator mainly aims at the conventional clastic rock reservoir, and the reservoir description parameters are mainly considered: porosity, permeability, and saturation, which are difficult to use in deep tight reservoirs, especially carbonate reservoirs with strong non-homogeneity, mainly because it is difficult to distinguish deep premium reservoirs from normal reservoirs with a single evaluation factor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for evaluating the quality of a deep carbonate reservoir based on a dessert indicator factor.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
1. a dessert indicating factor-based deep carbonate reservoir quality evaluation method is used for indicating the quality of a deep carbonate reservoir oil and gas reservoir and comprises the following steps:
1) respectively acquiring porosity, lithology, hydrocarbon-containing property and fracture density data of a deep carbonate reservoir through logging data;
2) obtaining a dessert indicator factor F of a deep carbonate reservoir;
3) according to the normalized dessert indicating factor
The quality of the carbonate reservoir is evaluated.
In the step 2), the expression of the dessert indicating factor F of the deep carbonate reservoir is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
is porosity, VdolomiteIs dolomitic content, SwWater saturation and Cr fracture density.
In the step 2), dessert indicator factors are obtained according to the sweeter physical characterization of desserts in the deep carbonate reservoir, wherein the sweeter physical characterization of desserts is as follows:
because the compression-resistant characteristic and the pore specific surface area of the dolomite are small, the higher the content of the dolomite in the carbonate reservoir, the larger the porosity, and the better the oil-gas-containing property.
Each single rock physical parameter has low sensitivity to the reservoir quality evaluation and the high-quality reservoir indication, so the rock physical parameters influencing the reservoir quality evaluation are comprehensively considered. In addition, the dessert indicator factor is obtained according to the physical characterization of 'dessert sweeter' in the deep carbonate reservoir, and the physical characterization of the dessert sweeter is specifically as follows:
due to the compaction resistance and the small specific pore surface area of the dolomite, the higher the content of the dolomite, the larger the porosity of the dolomite, and the better the oil and gas properties.
On the basis, important parameters for controlling the permeability of the deep carbonate reservoir are also considered: the higher the fracture density, namely the higher the fracture density, the better the permeability of the reservoir, and the more beneficial to the flow and development of the oil and gas reservoir.
The step 3) is specifically as follows:
if it is
The section of deep carbonate rock is a non-reservoir section;
if it is
Judging the section of deep carbonate rock to be a III-type reservoir;
if it is
Judging the section of deep carbonate rock to be a II-type reservoir;
if it is
And judging the section of deep carbonate rock to be a type I reservoir.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method is suitable for a deep carbonate reservoir: the evaluation of the dessert indicating factor of the deep carbonate rock reservoir comprehensively considers lithology, reservoir performance, flow performance and oil-gas containing performance, and quantitatively evaluates the reservoir quality similarly to an amplifier;
secondly, quantitative evaluation: most of the existing deep carbonate reservoir quality evaluation is qualitative, and the dessert indicator factor provided by the invention can quantitatively evaluate the deep carbonate reservoir quality;
thirdly, the dessert indicator factor of the deep carbonate reservoir has a good mapping relation with the elastic characteristics, so that a new idea is provided for reservoir quality quantitative evaluation based on the pre-stack seismic inversion result and the seismic elastic property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a technical flow diagram of a deep carbonate reservoir sweet spot indicator based on well log data.
Fig. 2 is a rock physical parameter relationship based on well logging data of a certain deep carbonate reservoir in northeast china, wherein fig. 2a is a relationship between dolostone content and porosity, and fig. 2b is a relationship between porosity and water saturation.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of the application of the dessert indicator factor calculated based on well log data of a certain deep carbonate rock in northeast Chuan.
Fig. 4 is a graph representing the elastic characteristics (longitudinal wave impedance and longitudinal-transverse wave velocity ratio) of the dessert evaluation factor.
The notation in the figure is:
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
According to the invention, geological analysis and rock physical parameter statistics of the carbonate reservoir show that physical representation of 'sweet desserts' exists among rock physical parameters of the deep carbonate reservoir, namely, the rule that the content of dolomite in the carbonate reservoir is higher, the porosity is higher, the fracture density is higher, the permeability is higher, and the hydrocarbon-containing property is better is shown. Based on the geological characteristics and the physical laws, a deep carbonate dessert indicator factor integrating the rock physical parameters is constructed and used as an 'amplifier' for reservoir quality evaluation to indicate the quality of a carbonate oil and gas reservoir.
The specific technical process and principle of the invention are as follows:
1) and acquiring rock physical parameters related to the rock physics and the porosity, the mineral content, the hydrocarbon-bearing property and the fracture density of the deep carbonate reservoir from the logging data. The porosity can be better preserved as dolomite is more resistant to compaction than other mineral contents (such as limestone, gypsum rock) and the like, and greater porosity often represents better reservoir performance of carbonate rock at the depth; meanwhile, the rock with higher porosity has larger pore throat size and smaller corresponding capillary force, oil gas is more favorable to being filled in the geological age, and the oil gas content is better. Meanwhile, the dolomite mineral is subjected to a physical crystallization process, so that the pore size is large, the specific surface area is small, and the ratio of adsorbed water is low while the oil-gas saturation is high. Finally, the transport performance of deep carbonate reservoirs is mainly dependent on the distribution density of fractures, so that the fracture density can effectively indicate the flow performance and permeability of the rock. Here, the fracture density can be obtained from pore type inversion, resistivity imaging logs, core descriptions.
2) Because each rock physical parameter has limited sensitivity in a deep carbonate reservoir, in order to amplify the sensitivity of the reservoir sweet spot indication parameter, the sweet spot indication factor provided herein comprehensively considers the parameters having indication significance on the reservoir performance, and the following reservoir sweet spot indication factor expression can be obtained:
wherein F is a dessert indicating factor,
is porosity, VdolomiteIs dolomitic content, SwWater saturation and Cr fracture density.
3) And applying the dessert indicating factor to the logging data of the work area, carrying out normalization processing on the calculated dessert indicating factor, evaluating the reservoir quality of different geological intervals, and classifying and grading the reservoir.
4) The dessert evaluation factor is used for calibrating rock elastic properties (such as longitudinal and transverse wave impedance and longitudinal and transverse wave velocity ratio) and establishing a mapping relation between the dessert evaluation factor and the seismic elastic properties, so that a foundation is laid for high-quality reservoir prediction and reservoir quality evaluation based on pre-stack seismic inversion results or seismic elastic properties.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a deep carbonate reservoir sweet spot indicator technical workflow based on well log data, and porosity, lithology (mainly dolomite content), oil-gas content (which can be obtained from water saturation), and fracture density (which can be obtained by pore type inversion or resistivity logging) are obtained from the well log data. Combining the parameters to obtain the dessert indicator factor of the deep carbonate reservoir.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a petrophysical parameter relationship (2a) a dolomite content and porosity relationship, and (2b) a porosity and water saturation relationship based on well logging data of a carbonate reservoir at a deep layer in northeast china. From this figure, it can be seen that the higher the dolomite content the higher the porosity of the rock, the larger the corresponding reservoir space; and as the porosity is increased, the water saturation of the rock is correspondingly reduced, and the oil-gas content of the rock is correspondingly increased. Such phenomena reveal that the deep dolomite reservoir has the physical characterization of "sweet desserts", i.e. the higher the dolomite content, the greater the porosity, the higher the permeability, the better the gas content, which is also the physical basis for the deep dessert indicator.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 illustrates the application effect of the dessert indicating factor calculated by using the well logging data of a deep carbonate reservoir in northeast-chuan. The fracture density is obtained by pore type inversion based on acoustic velocity-porosity, and is calibrated by core data. The sweet spot indicator > 0.5 can be regarded as a type I reservoir, the sweet spot indicator > 0.5> 0.25 can be regarded as a type II reservoir, the sweet spot indicator >0 can be regarded as a type III reservoir, and the sweet spot indicator >0 can be regarded as a non-reservoir section, which is better in accordance with the reservoir quality classification evaluation in the logging geological interpretation result. The dessert indicating factor newly proposed by the invention also comprehensively considers the combined action of lithology, porosity, water saturation and fracture density. At the same time, it can be seen that the higher sweet spot indicator also corresponds to the higher permeability measured for the core, which also demonstrates that the sweet spot indicator is a good indicator of the flow properties of the reservoir.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a graph of normalizing the calculated sweet spot evaluation factor with respect to the longitudinal wave impedance and the longitudinal-to-transverse wave velocity ratio. The black dots represent the non-reservoir segment, the dots with other colors represent the reservoir segment with the dessert evaluating factor larger than 0, it can be seen that the dessert evaluating factor has a better mapping relationship with the elastic characteristic, the dots of the non-reservoir segment (the dessert indicating factor equal to 0) have very high longitudinal wave impedance and longitudinal-to-transverse wave velocity ratio, and the reservoir segment (the dessert evaluating factor >0) has relatively low longitudinal wave impedance and longitudinal-to-transverse wave velocity ratio, which also indicates that the dessert indicating factor can distinguish the reservoir from the non-reservoir by using the elastic data to a certain extent. Meanwhile, in the reservoir section, the dessert indicating factor with a higher numerical value has lower longitudinal wave impedance and longitudinal and transverse wave velocity ratio than the dessert indicating factor with a lower numerical value, and a foundation is laid for reservoir quality quantitative prediction based on the seismic elasticity attribute.
Claims (1)
1. A dessert indicator factor-based deep carbonate reservoir quality evaluation method is used for indicating the quality of a deep carbonate reservoir, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) respectively acquiring porosity, lithology, hydrocarbon-containing property and fracture density data of a deep carbonate reservoir through logging data;
2) obtaining a dessert indicator factor F of the deep carbonate reservoir, wherein the expression of the dessert indicator factor F of the deep carbonate reservoir is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is porosity, VdolomiteIs dolomitic content, SwIs the water saturation, Cr isFracture density;
obtaining a dessert indicator factor according to the physical characterization that the dessert in the deep carbonate reservoir is sweeter, wherein the physical characterization that the dessert is sweeter is as follows:
because the compaction resistance characteristic and the specific pore surface area of the dolomite are small, the higher the content of the dolomite in the carbonate reservoir, the larger the porosity is, and the better the oil-gas containing property is;
3) according to the normalized dessert indicating factor
The quality of a carbonate reservoir is evaluated, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
if it is
The section of deep carbonate rock is a non-reservoir section;
if it is
Judging the section of deep carbonate rock to be a III-type reservoir;
if it is
Judging the section of deep carbonate rock to be a II-type reservoir;
if it is
And judging the section of deep carbonate rock to be a type I reservoir.
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