CN103603659A - Method for identifying fluid type of reservoir with complex pore structure by using conventional logging information - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying a fluid type of a reservoir with a complex pore structure by using conventional logging information and the technical field of fluid type judgment of the logging information of oil and gas field exploration and development. The method comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: distinguishing a gas layer from a non-gas layer according to the ratio of the neutron porosity/the acoustic porosity or the density porosity, wherein the non-gas layer comprises a dry layer, a gas-water layer and a water layer; the second step is that: distinguishing valid reservoirs from invalid reservoirs in the non-gas layer by using a hole-saturation intersection method; the third step: and aiming at the effective reservoir stratum in the second step, a hole-electricity intersection method is adopted, and the fluid type of the reservoir stratum is comprehensively identified by combining gas logging. The method effectively solves the technical problem of how to evaluate the fluid type identification of the high-pore dry layer, the medium-pore dry layer, the high-water-resistance layer and the high-gas-resistance water layer wells with high water binding characteristics under the condition of only conventional logging information, and effectively solves the problem that the reservoir type is difficult to distinguish represented by a Majia ditch group.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the well-log information fluid type discrimination technology field of oilfield prospecting developing.
Background technology
Soviet Union 5 and peach 7 block horse man ditches are a set of weathering Karst-type reservoirs, and reservoir reservoir space be take hole as main, and Reservoir Section degree of porosity is mainly between 3～7%, and reservoir thickness, between 0.5～1.5m, has the feature that degree of porosity is low, reservoir thickness is thin.Low hole reservoir is complex pore structure often, and resistivity curve has reflected the features such as rock texture, pore structure to a greater extent, and convection cell reflection is insensitive, and this differentiates and brought very large difficulty to fluid properties.
Soviet Union 5 and 41 mouthfuls of peach 7 block horse men ditch group formation testings, wherein gas well is only 5 mouthfuls, and dry-well is but up to 15 mouthfuls, 4 mouthfuls of gas stringers, 9 mouthfuls of gas-water wells, 8 mouthfuls, well (producing well containing micro-gas).From formation testing achievement, in work area, there is the well of the dry layer in a large amount of high holes, the dry layer of mesopore, from production fluid type, air water is in the majority with layer and water layer well, and from the Resistivity Characteristics of formation testing interval, high resistant water layer, high-gas resistance water layer well are a lot.An announcement ditch group reservoir of going into action relates to effective reservoir and evaluates difficult problem, relates to again fluid type and differentiates difficult this two hang-up.Horse man ditch group fluid type only identifies Effective Reservoirs while differentiating, and the tackling key problem of carrying out fluid type discrimination technology for Effective Reservoirs is only significant.On earth in work area a large amount of middle and high holes reservoir not the reason of production fluid be in what work area, in the situation that only having Using Conventional Logs, how to evaluate the validity of reservoir.The problem of how identifying for gas-bearing formation, high resistant water layer, high-gas resistance water layer well is all a difficult problem that needs solution.
At present, known on the market fluid type of reservoir through is sentenced in method for distinguishing, main flow have following three kinds of methods:
1, publication number is 101806215A, the Chinese patent literature that open day is on August 18th, 2010 discloses a kind of method with irreducible water saturation discriminating data fluid type of reservoir through, relate to petroleum gas well logging, geology and rock core test analysis technical field, this method is by analyzing reservoir rock granularity, on the basis of the irreducible water influence factors such as pore structure, the well logging of rock core information scale, accurately calculate reservoir shale content, rock composition, degree of porosity, the reservoir parameters such as water saturation, according to rock core, ooze mutually the Pore structure degree of porosity statistics recurrence irreducible water saturation formula that experimental data obtains.The irreducible water and the movable water result discrimination of reservoir fluid type that utilize this formula to calculate, compare with formation testing result, and coincidence rate, up to 90%, has been obtained good Effect of geological application
2, publication number is 101787884A, the Chinese patent literature that open day is on July 28th, 2010 discloses a kind of acoustic porosity and neutron porosity method for judging reservoir fluid type of difference between, relate to petroleum gas well logging, geology and rock core test analysis technical field, step comprises: 1), by the well logging of rock core information scale, well-log information environmental correction, accurately calculate reservoir shale content, rock composition, acoustic porosity and neutron porosity; 2) get rid of lithology, hole diameter and mud and invade the impact of factor on interval transit time and neutron data; 3) utilize interval transit time and the response difference of neutron data to natural gas and formation water, by comparing the size of sound wave hole and neutron porosity, set up distinguishing reservoir fluid type standard, the nonfluid influence factors such as lithology, borehole condition, mud immersion during discrimination of reservoir fluid type of the present invention, have been got rid of, thereby can grasp truly the influencing characterisitic of different fluid to interval transit time and neutron data, distinguishing reservoir fluid type coincidence rate has been brought up to more than 90% by existing 70%.
3, publication number is 101930082A, the Chinese patent literature that open day is on December 29th, 2010 discloses a kind of method that adopts resistivity data to carry out distinguishing reservoir fluid type, relate to petroleum gas well logging, geology and rock core test analysis technical field, step comprises: a, by rock core information scale, log well, accurately calculate reservoir shale content, rock composition and degree of porosity; B, eliminating lithology and the impact of degree of porosity on resistivity; C, utilize core experiment to obtain the parameter of m, a, n, b reflection pore structure, calculate gas-bearing formation resistivity lower limit RR, the impact of evacuation aperture gap structure on resistivity; D, by the big or small discrimination of reservoir fluid type of resulting gas-bearing formation lower limit resistivity value RR in deep induction-deep lateral resistivity value RT and c step.This method has been got rid of the impacts of nonfluid factor on resistivity such as lithology, degree of porosity, pore structure, retains and utilizes the response characteristic to resistivity different fluid, thereby can greatly improve distinguishing reservoir fluid type coincidence rate.
But, take above-mentioned three kinds of prior aries that patent documentation is representative, it needs NMR logging data could reflect the pore structure characteristic of reservoir, when only having in the situation of Using Conventional Logs (natural potential, natural gamma, compensated neutron, compensation density, compensation sound wave and dual laterolog), above-mentioned prior art is all inapplicable, cannot solve in the situation of only having Using Conventional Logs, the technical barrier of the fluid type identification of layer, the dry layer of mesopore, high resistant water layer, high-gas resistance water layer well is done in high hole how to evaluate the high irreducible water feature of tool.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to for the existing defect of above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, a kind of method of utilizing Using Conventional Logs identification Complicated Pore Structures fluid type of reservoir through is provided, this method has solved effectively in the situation that only having Using Conventional Logs, how to evaluate the dry layer in high hole, the dry layer of mesopore, the high resistant water layer of the high irreducible water feature of tool, the technical problem of the fluid type identification of high-gas resistance water layer well, effectively solved and take this class Reservoir type that horse man ditch group is representative and differentiate this difficult problem of difficulty.
The present invention is by adopting following technical proposals to realize:
A method of utilizing Using Conventional Logs identification Complicated Pore Structures fluid type of reservoir through, is characterized in that:
The first step: make a distinction according to the large young pathbreaker's gas-bearing formation of the ratio of neutron porosity/acoustic porosity or density porosity and non-gas-bearing formation, described non-gas-bearing formation comprises dry layer, air water layer and water layer;
Second step: adopt hole-full intersection that the Effective Reservoirs in described non-gas-bearing formation and invalid reservoir region are separated;
The 3rd step: for the Effective Reservoirs of second step, adopt hole-electric intersection, and comprehensively identify the fluid type of reservoir in conjunction with gas detection logging.
In the described first step, the ratio of neutron porosity/acoustic porosity or density porosity be greater than 1.3 for non-gas-bearing formation, ratio be less than 1.3 be gas-bearing formation.
In described second step, hole-full intersection is by degree of porosity φ and water saturation S
win cross plot, the distribution characteristics of data point judges that whether reservoir is containing movable water, as plotted point is nearly hyperbola distribution rule, illustrates that reservoir is only containing irreducible water, not containing movable water, is judged as dry layer; As plotted point is obvious dispersed, illustrate that reservoir is containing movable water, reservoir is air water layer or water layer.
In described the 3rd step, be to adopt degree of porosity and resistivity cross plot to find out to drop on the data that water saturation is greater than in 60% region to be water layer.
In described the 3rd step, water saturation is less than the differentiation of air water layer and water layer in 60% region, in conjunction with gas measuring logging data, differentiates, and specifically adopts resistivity and total hydrocarbon cross plot to differentiate, wherein total hydrocarbon value be greater than 12% for air water layer, the water layer that total hydrocarbon value is less than 12%.
Compared with prior art, the technique effect that the present invention reaches is as follows:
First this be not first to distinguish Effective Reservoirs and invalid reservoir, but first Direct Recognition goes out gas-bearing formation, first got around the problem that effective reservoir is evaluated, and this is one of key point of the present invention.The large young pathbreaker's gas-bearing formation of ratio and non-gas-bearing formation (dry layer, air water layer, water layer) according to neutron porosity/sound wave (density) porosity value make a distinction.Preferred again hole-full intersection separates the Effective Reservoirs in non-gas-bearing formation and invalid reservoir region, for Effective Reservoirs preferred again hole-electric intersection, and in conjunction with gas detection logging, comprehensively identify the fluid type of reservoir.This cover technology has solved in the situation that there is no new Logging Technology data, the technical problem of the fluid type identification of layer, the dry layer of mesopore, high resistant water layer, high-gas resistance water layer well is done in high hole how to evaluate the high irreducible water feature of tool, meanwhile, also effectively solved and take this class Reservoir type that horse man ditch group is representative and differentiate this difficult difficult problem.Can greatly reduce the input of oil field aspect new technology well logging, and improve the exploration effects of not surveying new technology data oil field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 differentiates the signal plate of fluid type according to neutron/sound wave (density) porosity value size;
Fig. 2 is the cross plot of the dry interval degree of porosity of formation testing and water saturation;
Fig. 3 is resistivity and degree of porosity cross plot;
Fig. 4 is resistivity and total hydrocarbon cross plot;
Fig. 5 is the schematic flow sheet of this method.
The specific embodiment
As basic embodiment of the present invention, its flow process according to Fig. 5 operates, and can complete the technology of utilizing Using Conventional Logs identification Complicated Pore Structures fluid type of reservoir through, and concrete grammar is:
The first step: according to neutron porosity/sound wave (density) ratio size discrimination gas-bearing formation and non-gas-bearing formation (water layer, air water layer and dry layer).
Second step: for non-gas-bearing formation, preferably hole-full intersection well can separate Effective Reservoirs and invalid reservoir region;
The 3rd step: adopt hole-electric intersection and gas-bearing formation well logging to combine for Effective Reservoirs and further air water layer and pelagic division are separated.
As preferred forms of the present invention, it is applied in take this class Reservoir type that horse man ditch group is representative to sentence method for distinguishing as follows:
The first step: Fig. 1 is horse man ditch group all gas testing intervals neutron porosity/sound wave (density) and sound wave (density) cross plot, and as can be seen from Figure 1, its neutron porosity/sound wave of the well that formation testing is gas-bearing formation (density) porosity value is generally less than 1.3; And formation testing is air water layer, water layer and dry layer, its value is generally greater than 1.3.For the dry layer in high hole, just do not produce the high irreducible water water layer of movable water, this is also why dry layer of high hole or its value of low-productivity layer (comprising low gas pay) also can be greater than 1.3 reason.
Second step, the non-gas-bearing formation that is greater than 1.3 for neutron porosity/sound wave (density) porosity value, preferably hole-full intersection well can separate Effective Reservoirs and invalid reservoir region.Hole-full intersection is by φ-S
win cross plot, the distribution characteristics of data point judges that whether reservoir is containing movable water, as plotted point is nearly hyperbola distribution rule, illustrates that reservoir is only containing irreducible water, not containing movable water, is judged as dry layer; As plotted point is obvious dispersed, illustrate that reservoir is containing movable water, reservoir is that air water is with layer, water layer etc.The method reaches 100% to the identification coincidence rate of the dry layer in many mouthfuls high holes, and as the 5-15-1 of Soviet Union and the 5-3-18 of Soviet Union, two mouthfuls of well surveying examinations are dry layer, but reservoir porosity is high, thickness thick (Fig. 2).Use the method to differentiate 61 of non-gas-bearing formation class layers, meet 49 layers, coincidence rate 80.3%.Totally it seems, utilize Using Conventional Logs to reach such differentiation effect ideal.Obtaining such differentiation effect is that this method of discrimination has good compliance because some dry layers of horse man ditch group are all the layers because pore throat footpath is little a bit with high irreducible water feature.
The 3rd step, further separates air water layer and pelagic division for Effective Reservoirs.Hole-electric crossplot can find out that dropping on the data that water saturation is greater than in 60% region is water layer, but being less than air water layer and water layer in 60% region, water saturation has more distribution, (Fig. 3) is not easily distinguishable, as there are a large amount of high resistant water layers in low hole section, this has reflected that the definite litho-electric parameters of this rock electricity experiment might not reflect the pore structure characteristic of whole Reservoir Sections, also reflected that horse man ditch group Reservoir Section pore structure characteristic changes greatly, complex pore structure, this is also the rule that most of carbonate formation has.Trial has adopted bilateral to the method for difference, resistivity absolute-value scheme, P
1/2normal probability distribution method etc. all can not obtain certain effect.For the reservoir of this class Complicated Pore Structures, be no matter that to adopt electrical method method be also that non-electrical log method is distinguished air water layer and water layer remains a difficult problem, a large amount of practical experiences also confirm that in carbonate rock gas field, the identification of air water layer and water layer is often difficult to.This research is done and is differentiated the air water layer of complicated reservoirs and water layer in conjunction with gas measuring logging data, and research shows, air water is relatively high with the gas measured value of layer, although some water layer section resistivity are high, gas measured value is low.In Fig. 4, the total hydrocarbon value of air water layer is greater than 12%, and the total hydrocarbon value of water layer is generally less than 12%.Utilize this feature to solve the fluid type discrimination of such reservoir.
In reality, used the solution of said system to obtain good effect, effectively solved horse man ditch group Reservoir type and differentiated difficult this difficult problem.
Claims (5)
1. a method of utilizing Using Conventional Logs identification Complicated Pore Structures fluid type of reservoir through, is characterized in that:
The first step: make a distinction according to the large young pathbreaker's gas-bearing formation of the ratio of neutron porosity/acoustic porosity or density porosity and non-gas-bearing formation, described non-gas-bearing formation comprises dry layer, air water layer and water layer;
Second step: adopt hole-full intersection that the Effective Reservoirs in described non-gas-bearing formation and invalid reservoir region are separated;
The 3rd step: for the Effective Reservoirs of second step, adopt hole-electric intersection, and comprehensively identify the fluid type of reservoir in conjunction with gas detection logging.
2. the method for utilizing Using Conventional Logs identification Complicated Pore Structures fluid type of reservoir through according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described first step, the ratio of neutron porosity/acoustic porosity or density porosity be greater than 1.3 for non-gas-bearing formation, ratio be less than 1.3 be gas-bearing formation.
3. the method for utilizing Using Conventional Logs identification Complicated Pore Structures fluid type of reservoir through according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in described second step, hole-full intersection is by degree of porosity φ and water saturation S
win cross plot, the distribution characteristics of data point judges that whether reservoir is containing movable water, as plotted point is nearly hyperbola distribution rule, illustrates that reservoir is only containing irreducible water, not containing movable water, is judged as dry layer; As plotted point is obvious dispersed, illustrate that reservoir is containing movable water, reservoir is air water layer or water layer.
4. the method for utilizing Using Conventional Logs identification Complicated Pore Structures fluid type of reservoir through according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described the 3rd step, be to adopt degree of porosity and resistivity cross plot to find out to drop on the data that water saturation is greater than in 60% region to be water layer.
5. the method for utilizing Using Conventional Logs identification Complicated Pore Structures fluid type of reservoir through according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in described the 3rd step, water saturation is less than the differentiation of air water layer and water layer in 60% region, in conjunction with gas measuring logging data, differentiate, specifically adopt resistivity and total hydrocarbon cross plot to differentiate, wherein total hydrocarbon value be greater than 12% for air water layer, the water layer that total hydrocarbon value is less than 12%.
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