CN111983707A - Method and system for identifying movable water of tight sandstone gas layer - Google Patents
Method and system for identifying movable water of tight sandstone gas layer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a movable water identification method and a movable water identification system for a tight sandstone gas reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstone(ii) a And calculating to obtain an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GR in the target reservoirBinding of(ii) a The neutron porosity curve CN and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN are comparedBinding ofComparing to obtain a movable water identification result in the target reservoir; the natural gamma curve GR and the neutron porosity curve CN are not influenced by the electrical property of the reservoir, so that errors generated in the process of identifying the movable water by utilizing the resistivity of the reservoir are avoided, and the accuracy of an evaluation result is improved; the natural gamma curve GR and the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir can be directly obtained from the existing logging data without special equipment and means, the operation process is simple, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of well logging, and particularly relates to a movable water identification method and system for a tight sandstone gas reservoir.
Background
At present, in the well logging industry, two methods are most commonly used for evaluating the water content of a tight sandstone gas layer: the first is that the water saturation of the reservoir is calculated through an Archie formula; and secondly, nuclear magnetic resonance logging to judge the water content of the reservoir.
When the water saturation of the reservoir is calculated by utilizing an Archie formula, the water content of the reservoir is judged according to the resistivity of the stratum; however, the resistivity of the tight sandstone reservoir is influenced by lithology and a pore structure, and the reservoir water content cannot be effectively identified from the electrical property, namely the water content cannot be accurately judged according to the resistivity value; when the nuclear magnetic resonance is used for logging, the water content of the reservoir is judged by analyzing a T2 spectrum, the method has more accurate judgment result, but the logging condition is harsher, the logging cost is high, and the method is widely applied to development wells and has large limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for identifying movable water of a tight sandstone gas layer, so as to solve the technical problems of higher difficulty, low result accuracy and higher cost in the existing well logging process when evaluating the water content of the tight sandstone gas layer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a movable water identification method for a tight sandstone gas layer, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting a natural gamma curve GR and a neutron porosity curve CN of a target reservoir, and reading a natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstone；
Step 2, utilizing natural gamma value GR of pure mudstone sections adjacent to the target reservoir stratumMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstoneAnd calculating to obtain an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GR in the target reservoir stratum by combining the natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoir stratumBinding of；
Step 3, obtaining the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofAnd comparing, and obtaining a movable water identification result in the target reservoir according to the comparison result.
Further, in step 1, the target reservoir is a tight sandstone gas layer.
Further, in step 1, a natural gamma logging instrument is used for measuring a curve of the natural gamma intensity of the stratum changing along with the depth, and a natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoir is obtained.
Further, in the step 1, measuring the density of thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons in the stratum by using a neutron logging detector to obtain a neutron porosity curve CN of the target acquisition target reservoir; wherein, the neutron logging detector adopts a double-source distance detector.
Further, the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir stratum is the water-containing porosity of the target rock stratum; the mathematical expression of the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir is:
wherein S iswAs the water saturation in the pores, HWIs a holeHydrogen index of interstitial water, [ phi ]WIs the formation water porosity and phi is the formation porosity.
Further, in step 2, in the target reservoir, an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GRBinding ofThe mathematical expression of (a) is:
further, in step 3, the obtained neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN are comparedBinding ofSubtracting to obtain a neutron porosity difference curve CC; when the neutron porosity difference value in the neutron porosity difference value curve CC is larger than zero, the target reservoir contains movable water; and when the neutron porosity difference value in the neutron porosity difference value curve CC is less than or equal to zero, no movable water exists in the target reservoir stratum.
The invention also provides a movable water identification system for the tight sandstone gas reservoir, which comprises a target reservoir information acquisition module, an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity calculation module and a movable water identification module;
the target reservoir information acquisition module is used for acquiring a natural gamma curve GR and a neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and reading a natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstone；
An ideal argillaceous neutron porosity calculation module for utilizing natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstoneAnd combining the natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoir to obtain an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GR in the target reservoirBinding of；
A movable water identification module for acquiring the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofAnd comparing, and obtaining a movable water identification result in the target reservoir according to the comparison result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method and a system for identifying movable water of a tight sandstone gas reservoir, which are used for acquiring an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to a natural gamma curve GR by utilizing the natural gamma curve GR and the neutron porosity curve CN of a target reservoirBinding ofAccording to the obtained neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofThe comparison result of the data acquisition and the data acquisition is used for further realizing the identification of the movable water in the target reservoir; the natural gamma curve GR and the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir are not influenced by the electrical property of the reservoir, so that errors generated in the process of identifying movable water by using the resistivity of the reservoir are avoided, and the accuracy of an evaluation result is improved; the natural gamma curve GR and the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir can be directly obtained from the existing logging data without special equipment and means, complex calculation is not needed, the operation process is simple, the difficulty is small, and the cost is low.
According to the method and the system for identifying the movable water of the compact sandstone gas reservoir, when open hole logging information cannot be acquired under complex well conditions, the casing is firstly put in, and the natural gamma curve GR and the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir are acquired in the casing, so that the movable water of the target reservoir under the complex well conditions is identified, the technical problem that resistivity curves in the casing and nuclear magnetic resonance logging cannot be realized in the prior art is solved, the application range is wide, and the operation process is simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a tight sandstone gas layer volume model in accordance with the present invention;
figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a log of a tight sand gas formation well log in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further explained with reference to the following embodiments, which should be construed as being limited only by the following embodiments, and all equivalent modifications based on the technical solutions of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a movable water identification method for a tight sandstone gas layer, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting a natural gamma curve GR and a neutron porosity curve CN of a target reservoir, and reading a natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstone(ii) a Wherein the target reservoir is a tight sandstone gas layer;
measuring a curve of the natural gamma intensity of the stratum along with the change of the depth by using a natural gamma logging instrument to obtain a natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoir, wherein the natural gamma logging instrument comprises a detector, an amplifier and a high-voltage power supply, and the detector adopts a scintillation counter tube; the natural gamma rays in the stratum penetrate through the mud and the instrument shell from the rock stratum and enter the detector, the detector converts the natural gamma rays into electric pulse signals, the electric pulse signals are amplified by the amplifier and then transmitted to the ground through the cable.
Measuring the density of thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons in the formation by using a neutron logging detector by using compensated neutron logging to obtain a neutron porosity curve CN of the target acquisition target reservoir; the neutron logging detector adopts a double-source-distance detector, and comprises a long-source-distance detector and a short-source-distance detector; preferably, the long source distance detector is 0.53m, and the short source distance detector is 0.32 m; the method comprises the steps of utilizing a long source distance detector and a short source distance detector to obtain two counting rates respectively, calculating wallpaper of the two counting rates by a ground instrument, and obtaining a neutron porosity curve CN through simulation calculation.
In a tight sandstone stratum, sandstone layers and mudstone layers basically appear alternately, and pure mudstone has high natural gamma value and high neutron porosity value; the sandstone layer is obvious in low natural gamma value and low neutron porosity, and the interface of the sand layer and the mudstone layer is determined according to natural gamma half-amplitude points in the well logging interpretation; the adjacent pure mudstone in the present invention is a mudstone above or below the target sandstone reservoir.
Step 2, utilizing natural gamma value GR of pure mudstone sections adjacent to the target reservoir stratumMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstoneAnd calculating to obtain a natural gamma curve G in the target reservoir by combining the natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoirR corresponding ideal mud neutron porosity curve CNBinding of；
Wherein, in the target reservoir, the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GRBinding ofThe mathematical expression of (a) is:
step 3, obtaining the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofComparing, and obtaining a movable water identification result in the target reservoir according to a comparison result;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofSubtracting to obtain a neutron porosity difference curve CC, wherein the neutron porosity difference curve CC is a movable water identification curve of the target reservoir; when the neutron porosity difference value in the neutron porosity difference value curve CC is larger than zero, the target reservoir contains movable water; and when the neutron porosity difference value in the neutron porosity difference value curve CC is less than or equal to zero, no movable water exists in the target reservoir stratum.
The invention also provides a movable water identification system for the tight sandstone gas reservoir, which comprises a target reservoir information acquisition module, an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity calculation module and a movable water identification module;
the target reservoir information acquisition module is used for acquiring a natural gamma curve GR and a neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and reading a natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstone；
An ideal argillaceous neutron porosity calculation module for utilizing natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstoneAnd combining the natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoir to obtain an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GR in the target reservoirBinding of；
Movable water identification moduleThe neutron porosity curve CN of the obtained target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofAnd comparing, and obtaining a movable water identification result in the target reservoir according to the comparison result.
Theory principle
As shown in the attached figure 1, a simple compact sandstone gas reservoir volume model is established, and the essence of the model is measurement of hydrogen-containing indexes in the stratum in the neutron porosity logging process, including the response of the content of hydrogen in movable fluid of the stratum pores, the content of hydrogen in bound water and the content of hydrogen in crystalline water in rock mass;
establishing an expression of a formation hydrogen index according to the simple compact sandstone gas layer volume model, namely the expression of a neutron porosity curve CN is as follows:
CN＝Hma(1-φ)+φ[HWSw+(1-Sw)Hg]
wherein HmaHydrogen index, S, of solid skeletonwIs the water saturation in the formation pore space, HWIs the hydrogen index, H, of mobile water in the pores of the formationgIs the hydrogen index, phi, of the natural gas in the pores of the formationwIs the water-containing porosity of the formation and phi is the total porosity of the formation.
For tight sandstone gas formations, the sandstone skeleton has a hydrogen index of zero, i.e. H ma0; the hydrogen index of the water in the formation is close to 1, i.e. HW1 is approximately distributed; the hydrogen index of natural gas in reservoirs is very low and close to zero, i.e. H g0 is approximately distributed; therefore, in the tight sandstone gas layer, the neutron porosity curve CN is approximately equal to the reservoir water-containing porosity; the mathematical expression of the neutron porosity curve CN of the tight sandstone gas layer is as follows:
for a pure mudstone section, the stratum of the pure mudstone section is mainly bound water, and the neutron porosity logging process is essentially the measurement of the porosity of the bound water of the stratum of the pure mudstone section; and selecting pure mud rock layers adjacent to the target reservoir, wherein the adjacent pure mud rock layers and the target reservoir are close to each other in deposition years and are compacted similarly.
Utilizing natural gamma value GR of pure mudstone sections adjacent to target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstoneAnd combining a natural gamma curve GR representing the shale content, and constructing an ideal shale neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GR in the target reservoir through linear relation calculationBinding of(ii) a Finally, obtaining the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofObtaining a neutron porosity difference curve CC; if the neutron porosity difference value CC of the neutron porosity difference value curve CC is larger than 0, the target reservoir contains movable water, and the larger the numerical value is, the larger the movable water volume is; and when the neutron porosity difference value CC is less than or equal to 0, no movable water exists in the target reservoir stratum.
According to the movable water identification method and system for the tight sandstone gas layer, only a natural gamma curve and a neutron porosity curve are needed, and other data are not needed to participate in analysis; even if the natural gamma and neutron porosity curve is measured after sleeving, the evaluation requirement can be still met; under complex well conditions, when the natural gamma and neutron porosity curves are measured by using the after-casing measurement, instruments and methods used in the well logging process are the same as those of the open hole, only one layer of casing is added in the well logging environment, but in the casing, due to the metal conduction and shielding effects, the resistivity and nuclear magnetic well logging cannot be measured, but the natural gamma and neutron porosity curves are measured in the casing, and the water content of a reservoir can still be judged by using the method; the invention can quickly obtain the result only by simple calculation; the cost of curve logging is low and the cost is low.
Example 1
In this embodiment 1, an exploratory well of tight sandstone gas in an berdos basin is taken as an example, and fig. 2 is a sectional view of a logging curve of the exploratory well of the tight sandstone gas layer; in FIG. 2, the 1 st trace is the logging depth, the 2 nd trace is the lithology curve, and the 3 rd trace is the resistanceA porosity curve, wherein the 4 th path is a porosity curve, the 5 th path is a contrast of the porosity of the constructed bound water neutrons and the porosity of the measured neutrons, the 6 th path is a neutron porosity difference curve CC, namely a dynamic water identification curve, the 7 th path is a logging explanatory lithology section, and the 8 th path is a logging conclusion; in this embodiment, taking the fifth example, the mudstone adjacent to the mudstone is 2032 mudstone or 2013-2019 mudstone, so that the ideal mud neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GR is used as the ideal mud neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofAnd neutron porosity value CN thereofMudstoneAnd (4) overlapping.
In this example, the GR at 2015.0m near the reservoir was selectedMudstone＝140，CNMudstone27% of the total neutron porosity is taken as a standard of pure mud rock, and the obvious difference of the No. 85 layer of the 5 th channel can be seen through calculation, namely the neutron porosity difference in the 6 th channel is 4.5%, and the calculation result shows that the layer has movable water; the No. 85 layer is subjected to fracturing modification to obtain gas test, and the daily output gas is 40000m3D, water production 11.25m3And d, proving that the layer contains movable water, and verifying the feasibility of the method.
Example 2
The principle of the method is the same as that in the embodiment 1, the movable water identification method is used for verifying the gas test data of the compact sandstone gas reservoir in certain areas of Shanxi by applying the method to 6 wells of the existing single-layer compact sandstone reservoir, and the coincidence rate reaches 88.3 percent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
Claims (8)
1. A movable water identification method for a tight sandstone gas layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting a natural gamma curve GR and a neutron porosity curve CN of a target reservoir, and reading a natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstone；
Step 2, utilizing pure mudstone adjacent to the target reservoirNatural gamma value GR of a segmentMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstoneAnd calculating to obtain an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to the natural gamma curve GR in the target reservoir stratum by combining the natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoir stratumBinding of；
Step 3, obtaining the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofAnd comparing, and obtaining a movable water identification result in the target reservoir according to the comparison result.
2. The method for identifying the movable water of the tight sandstone gas layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the target reservoir is the tight sandstone gas layer.
3. The method for identifying the movable water in the tight sandstone gas layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, a natural gamma logging instrument is used for measuring a curve of the natural gamma intensity of the stratum along with the change of the depth to obtain a natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoir.
4. The method for identifying the movable water in the tight sandstone gas formation according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the neutron logging detector is used for measuring the density of thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons in the formation to obtain a neutron porosity curve CN of the target collection target reservoir; wherein, the neutron logging detector adopts a double-source distance detector.
5. The method for identifying the movable water of the tight sandstone gas layer according to claim 1, wherein a neutron porosity curve CN of a target reservoir is the water-containing porosity of a target rock stratum; the mathematical expression of the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir is:
wherein S iswIs saturated with water in poresDegree of neutralization, HWIs the hydrogen index of the water in the pores, phiWIs the formation water porosity and phi is the formation porosity.
6. The method for identifying the movable water of the tight sandstone gas layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, in the target reservoir, an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN corresponding to a natural gamma curve GR isBinding ofThe mathematical expression of (a) is:
7. the method for identifying the movable water in the tight sandstone gas layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the obtained neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CN are usedBinding ofSubtracting to obtain a neutron porosity difference curve CC; when the neutron porosity difference value in the neutron porosity difference value curve CC is larger than zero, the target reservoir contains movable water; and when the neutron porosity difference value in the neutron porosity difference value curve CC is less than or equal to zero, no movable water exists in the target reservoir stratum.
8. A movable water identification system for a tight sandstone gas reservoir is characterized by comprising a target reservoir information acquisition module, an ideal argillaceous neutron porosity calculation module and a movable water identification module;
the target reservoir information acquisition module is used for acquiring a natural gamma curve GR and a neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and reading a natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstone；
An ideal argillaceous neutron porosity calculation module for utilizing natural gamma value GR of a pure mudstone section adjacent to the target reservoirMudstoneAnd neutron porosity value CNMudstoneAnd combining the natural gamma curve GR of the target reservoir to obtain the ideal corresponding to the natural gamma curve GR in the target reservoirMud neutron porosity curve CNBinding of；
A movable water identification module for acquiring the neutron porosity curve CN of the target reservoir and the ideal argillaceous neutron porosity curve CNBinding ofAnd comparing, and obtaining a movable water identification result in the target reservoir according to the comparison result.
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