CN109491128A - 具有多个偏振器层的电子显示器 - Google Patents

具有多个偏振器层的电子显示器 Download PDF

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CN109491128A
CN109491128A CN201811066495.2A CN201811066495A CN109491128A CN 109491128 A CN109491128 A CN 109491128A CN 201811066495 A CN201811066495 A CN 201811066495A CN 109491128 A CN109491128 A CN 109491128A
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electronic console
linear polarization
lens
polarizer
console according
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CN109491128B (zh
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P·F·L·魏因多尔夫
B·J·海登
Q·谢里夫
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Visteon Global Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本文公开了用于利用偏振装置的组合来实施具有空正面外观的电子显示器的装置、方法和系统。具体地，本文公开的各种排列和组合均包括线性偏振器、有源偏振器以及线性透镜和弯曲透镜的各种组合，每个均由源自背光显示器的光驱动。

Description

具有多个偏振器层的电子显示器
背景技术
在许多情境中提供电子显示器来以电子方式将数字信息显现给观看者。电子显示器接收信息，并通过照明单元以反映用于传达信息的文本和图片的模式显现信息。
可以在传统上不采用电子显示器的各种环境(例如车辆、家用电器、广告/广告牌等)中实施电子显示器。因此，出于美学目的，当采用所述电子显示器时，可能需要确保所述电子显示器融合到边框或背景中。
也被称为“空正面”(dead-front)的这种效应已被集成到各种情境和环境中的电子显示器的许多实施者所尝试。已经尝试了几种实施方式；然而，对于每个实施方式，缺点变得明显。
图1(a)示出了现有技术实施方式的电子显示器的侧视图。如图所示，提供显示器100。显示器100用于向电子显示器的观看者提供电子内容。显示屏100包括限定显示屏的边界的边框101。限定边框101内的部分的是显示部分。所述显示部分包括背光显示器102和显示线性偏振器103。
显示器100设置有与显示器100直接相对的第一层110。此第一层110是中性密度滤光器。中性密度滤光器是一种滤光器，该滤光器均匀地降低或修改光的所有波长或颜色的强度，而不会改变颜色再现的色调。滤光器透射的范围可以从无色(透明)到灰色(不透明)，但透射率是恒定的。
还示出了AR膜120(设置在第一层110上)。可以提供AR膜120以消除第一表面光反射，从而最小化观看者由于电子显示器100所暴露的照明环境而看到来自电子显示器100的可见度变化。
图1(b)示出了现有技术实施方式的另一电子显示器的侧视图。如图所示，电子显示器100设置有可调光透镜130。当电子显示器100打算断开时，可调光透镜130被配置成处于低透射状态，并且当电子显示器100打算接通时，调整可调光透镜130以允许呈现适当的亮度。现有技术的透镜均匀地使环境光和显示器透射光变暗，并且不向显示器透射光提供透射偏好。
在上面提出的任一解决方案中，必须相应地调整与电子显示器100相关联的背光强度，并且经常增加时间以便调整补偿层。因此，在实施空正面解决方案时，现有电子显示器100的效率可能不足。
发明内容
以下描述涉及提供用于空正面实施方式的利用可调光透镜实施电子显示器的系统、方法和装置。示例性实施例也可以涉及本文所公开的系统、方法或应用中的任一者。
本文公开了一种电子显示器。所述电子显示器包括：被配置成接通和断开的背光显示器，所述背光显示器包括显示线性偏振器；线性偏振器，所述线性偏振器设置在背光显示器将光投射到的表面上；以及耦合到电子电路的有源偏振器，所述有源偏振器被配置成当背光显示器接通时接通，并且当背光显示器断开时断开。
在另一个实例中，电子显示器进一步包括透明透镜。
在另一个实例中，有源偏振器被限定为宾-主二向色染料液晶系统。
在另一个实例中，电子电路被配置成向有源偏振器施加电压以允许至少70％的透射。
在另一个实例中，背光显示器、线性偏振器、有源偏振器和透镜彼此光学结合。
在另一个实例中，背光显示器物理地邻接线性偏振器，线性偏振器物理地邻接有源偏振器，并且有源偏振器物理地邻接透镜。
在另一个实例中，电子显示器进一步包括线性偏振器与有源偏振器之间的气隙。
在另一个实例中，背光显示器物理地邻接线性偏振器，并且有源偏振器物理地邻接透镜。
在另一个实例中，电子显示器进一步包括第二线性偏振器。
本发明的另外的特征将在随后的描述中被阐述，并且部分通过描述将是显而易见的，或可通过实践本发明而被习得。
应当了解，上文的一般描述和下文的详细描述均是示例性和解释性的，并且意在对所申请保护的本发明提供进一步的解释。其它特征和方面将由以下详细描述、附图和权利要求书而显而易见。
附图说明
详细描述参照了以下附图，在附图中相同的数字指代相同的元件，并且在附图中：
图1(a)和图1(b)示出了现有技术实施方式的电子显示器的侧视图；
图2示出了采用本文公开的方面的有源偏振器的实例；
图3示出了根据本文公开的方面的以可调光透镜系统增强的示例性实施例的电子显示器的侧视图；
图4示出了制造图3中所示结构的方法400；以及
图5到图10示出了根据本文公开的方面的其它示例性实施例的电子显示器的侧视图。
具体实施方式
在下文中参考附图对本发明进行更加完整的描述，在附图中示出了本发明的示例性实施例。然而，本发明可以按照许多不同形式加以实施，并且本发明不应视为局限于本文所阐述的实施例。相反，提供这些示例性实施例以使得本公开内容详尽，并且将本发明的范围完整地传达给本领域的技术人员。应理解，为了本公开的目的，“各个中的至少一个”应解释为表示相应语言后的列举元件的任何组合，包括列举元件的多个组合。例如，“X、Y和Z中的至少一个”应理解为表示仅X、仅Y、仅Z，或者两个或多个元件X、Y和Z的任何组合(例如，XYZ、XZ、YZ、X)。在所有的附图和详细描述中，除非另外描述，否则相同的附图参考数字将被理解为指代相同的元件、特征和结构。为了清楚、说明和便利起见，可以放大这些元件的相对尺寸和描绘。
本发明公开了一种可调光透镜系统，其被配置成当不使用电子显示器时(“断开状态”)提供空正面外观，并且当采用电子显示器时(“接通状态”)提供基本上空正面外观。本文公开的方面允许以下方式的优点：
1)低雾度；
2)对于非偏振环境光，高调光透射率范围从35％(驱动状态)到5％(非驱动状态)，以及当在“接通”状态下驱动时，高显示偏振光透射率为约70％；
3)响应时间快；
4)色偏小；
5)用于柔性显示器(或非线性形状显示器)；
6)不依赖电致变色技术；以及
7)节省成本。
图2示出了采用本文公开的方面的有源偏振器130的实例。有源偏振器130电子耦合到电子电路200。电子电路200经由第一节点和第二节点连接到有源偏振器130。当电子电路200向有源偏振器130施加电压时，偏振的状态相应地改变。因此，有源偏振器130可以采用接通状态和断开状态二者。在接通状态下，观看者可以看到设置在有源偏振器130的一侧上的显示内容。在断开状态下，有源偏振器130吸收光波。以这种方式，在断开状态期间，环境光被吸收，并且观察者基本上不会看见来自透镜后面的反射光。
有源偏振器130是基于宾-主二向色染料液晶系统的。宾客染料是一系列细长分子，其可以基于施加的电压而正交或平行。细长分子的取向最终决定了与有源偏振器130相关联的偏振。
图3示出了根据本文公开的方面的以可调光透镜系统增强的示例性实施例的电子显示器的侧视图。图4示出了制造图3中所示结构的方法400。
如图所示，图3中的结构包括显示屏100。显示屏100可以是用于向观看者提供电子内容的任何技术，例如TFT屏幕。显示屏100包括限定显示屏的边界的边框101。限定边框101内的部分的是显示部分。所述显示部分包括背光显示器102和显示线性偏振器103。显示线性偏振器103使由背光显示器102产生和传播的光经历线性偏振效应。
如图3所示，提供透镜320(410)。在显示屏100呈现内容的一侧，添加线性偏振器310(420)。
线性偏振器是被设计成用于线性偏振入射光的偏振器。使白光通过线性偏振器阻挡一半入射光，从而使电场分量移位，使得它相对于传播方向仅在一个平面内振荡。
设置在线性偏振器310上的是有源偏振器130(430)。有源偏振器130类似于图2中所示的有源偏振器，并且被配置成以上述方式操作。还示出了玻璃和/或塑料透视透镜320(尽管如进一步阐释的，但在其它实施例中，可以省略透镜320)。图3中的元件可以光学结合在一起。线性偏振器透射轴与显示器的输出偏振角对准。有源偏振器透射轴被定向为与线性偏振器透射轴正交。因此，当有源偏振器未被激活(偏振状态)时，通过线性偏振器的偏振光被有源偏振器熄灭。相反，当有源偏振器被激活(非偏振状态)时，来自显示器的线性偏振光透射通过有源偏振器和线性偏振器二者，透射率基本上为大约70％。
采用本文公开的、并且在图3中示出的方面，与不使用线性/有源偏振器时相比，使用线性/有源偏振器时所需的必需背光要少得多。因此，利用图3中的实施方式所实现的功耗量被大幅降低。此外，因为采用了较小功率的背光，所以也可以实现与此实施方式相关联的热增益。
具体地，采用图3所示的电子显示器300，申请人已经发现可以驱动有源偏振器130以提供70％的显示透射率。在其它实例中(未采用所述结构)，现有技术的方法可以采用15％透射率的中性密度滤光器。申请人已经发现，与使用静态15％的中性密度透镜相比，使用有源偏振器透镜允许所需的亮度的量减少约85％。
图5到图10示出了电子显示器300的若干排列的侧视图。图5到图10中所示的每个电子显示器都具有显示屏100、线性偏振器元件310和有源偏振元件130。
与有源偏振器130相关联的线性偏振器310与显示偏振器透射角对准，使得显示偏振光基本上被透射。有源偏振器130的透射角被定向为与线性偏振器310的透射角基本上正交，因此当有源偏振器130处于偏振状态时，光被大部分吸收。
尽管未示出，但是显示屏100包括显示发光元件和设置在其上的显示线性偏振器二者。
如图5所示，电子显示器500与电子显示器的不同之处在于，有源偏振器130设置在透镜320的相对表面上，并且透镜320物理地设置在线性偏振器310与有源偏振器130之间。如图6所示，未在电子显示器600中实施镜头320。
在图7中，电子显示器700类似于电子显示器300，除了气隙710设置在线性偏振器310与有源偏振器130之间。在图8中，电子显示器800基本上类似于电子显示器700；然而，还提供了第二线性偏振器310。
图9和图10示出了本文公开的方面可以用非线性类型的屏幕(并且具体地是弯曲的屏幕)来实施。如图9所示，对于电子显示器900，用弯曲的有源偏振器910和弯曲透镜920代替有源偏振器320。在图10中，电子显示器1000基本上类似于电子显示器900；然而，还提供了第二弯曲线性偏振器1010。
在图5到图10中所示的每个实施例中，也实现了图3和图4中描述的增益。因此，这些实施方式都允许使用较少的背光，并且因此实现了功率的增益和热能降低。
上面示出的有源偏振器可以电耦合到自动亮度控制系统，从而基于被配置成提供空正面外观的用户定义量而被修改。
如本领域技术人员将容易理解的，以上描述旨在作为对本发明原理的实施方式的说明。本说明书并非旨在限制本发明的范围或应用，这是因为在不脱离由下列权利要求限定的本发明的精神的情况下，本发明易于接受修改、变化和改变。

Claims (16)

1.一种电子显示器，包括：
背光显示器，所述背光显示器被配置成接通和断开，所述背光显示器包括显示线性偏振器；
线性偏振器，所述线性偏振器设置在所述背光显示器将光投射到的表面上；以及
有源偏振器，所述有源偏振器耦合到电子电路，所述有源偏振器被配置成当所述背光显示器接通时接通，并且当所述背光显示器断开时断开。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电子显示器，进一步包括透明透镜。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电子显示器，其中所述有源偏振器被限定为宾-主二向色染料液晶系统。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电子显示器，其中所述电子电路被配置成向所述有源偏振器施加电压以允许至少70％的透射率。
5.根据权利要求2所述的电子显示器，其中所述背光显示器、所述线性偏振器、所述有源偏振器和所述透镜彼此光学结合。
6.根据权利要求2所述的电子显示器，其中所述背光显示器物理地邻接所述线性偏振器，所述线性偏振器物理地邻接所述有源偏振器，并且所述有源偏振器物理地邻接所述透镜。
7.根据权利要求2所述的电子显示器，其中所述背光显示器物理地邻接所述线性偏振器，所述线性偏振器物理地邻接所述透镜，并且所述透镜物理地邻接所述有源偏振器。
8.根据权利要求2所述的电子显示器，进一步包括在所述线性偏振器与所述有源偏振器之间的气隙。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电子显示器，其中所述背光显示器物理地邻接所述线性偏振器，并且所述有源偏振器物理地邻接所述透镜。
10.根据权利要求8所述的电子显示器，进一步包括第二线性偏振器。
11.根据权利要求10所述的电子显示器，其中所述背光显示器物理地邻接所述线性偏振器，所述有源偏振器物理地邻接所述透镜，并且所述透镜物理地邻接所述第二线性偏振器。
12.根据权利要求2所述的电子显示器，进一步包括在所述线性偏振器与所述有源偏振器之间的气隙，其中所述有源偏振器和所述透镜是弯曲的。
13.根据权利要求12所述的电子显示器，进一步包括第二线性偏振器。
14.根据权利要求13所述的电子显示器，其中所述第二线性偏振器是弯曲的。
15.根据权利要求12所述的电子显示器，其中所述背光显示器物理地邻接所述线性偏振器，并且所述有源偏振器物理地邻接所述透镜。
16.根据权利要求14所述的电子显示器，其中所述背光显示器物理地邻接所述线性偏振器，并且所述有源偏振器物理地邻接所述透镜，并且所述有源偏振器物理地邻接所述第二线性偏振器。
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