CN109487187A - A kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy and multistage heat treatment process - Google Patents
A kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy and multistage heat treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109487187A CN109487187A CN201811640391.8A CN201811640391A CN109487187A CN 109487187 A CN109487187 A CN 109487187A CN 201811640391 A CN201811640391 A CN 201811640391A CN 109487187 A CN109487187 A CN 109487187A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
Abstract
The present invention provides the low temperature aging and multistage heat treatment process of a kind of super high Zn content aluminium alloy, including solid solution stage and low temperature aging stage;The solid solution stage is the multistage solid solution of single-stage solid solution or double_stage guide or twin-stage or more;The low temperature aging stage specifically comprises the processes of: low temperature aging processing;Or conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing;Or multistage aging handles again conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing.It can make to reduce recrystallization degree while alloying element is sufficiently dissolved in high Zn aluminum alloy materials using low temperature progressive aging heat treatment process of the invention, it can buffer and accurately control the forming core and growth rate of precipitated phase, utilize the number of nuclei and size of the timeliness duration control precipitation strength phase of low temperature, so that precipitated phase is evenly distributed, size it is suitable, avoid because in single section of conventional timeliness heat preservation, to be unevenly distributed uniform part precipitated phase growth rate too fast, oversized for precipitated phase forming core caused by alloying element content is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy treatment process more particularly to a kind of low temperature agings and multistage of super high Zn content aluminium alloy
Heat treatment process.
Background technique
In recent years, national defence was rapidly developed under national support energetically, was directed to the requirement day of material
Benefit is harsh.Structural material one of of the aluminium alloy as national defence weapon equipment field " lightweight ", also needs to adapt to this demand
Variation.Compared with the other structural materials such as steel and titanium alloy, although aluminum alloy materials have traditional advantage such as light,
The disadvantage of its intensity deficiency is equally significant;Currently, the mainstream research direction of structural material is by improving the intensity of alloy come real
The loss of weight target of existing material.Therefore, it while how playing aluminium alloy traditional advantage, compensates its defect, for aluminum alloy materials
Further development is obtained in national defence and application has great importance.
Currently, the superhigh intensity aluminium being most widely used in national defence.
It is Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy that alloy, which is 7000, usually has the features such as intensity is high, and alloying level is high.This is
The main means of column aluminum alloy materials strength enhancing are to control Zn/Mg ratio while improving Zn constituent content, and it is micro- to add other
Alloy element, it is however generally that, when main alloying element content increases to 12.5%, intensity is up to 800MPa or more, but high alloy
Constituent content brings the large scale of precipitate, the distribution of Gao Tiji accounting, and material is caused to have lost modeling in Developed fiber strength advantage
Toughness, this is also the main reason for 7000 line aluminium alloy plasticity of 800MPa grade is not high.
The influence of the second opposite aluminium alloy plasticity and toughness depends primarily on three aspects: quantity, pattern and size in aluminium alloy.
With the increase of the percentage by volume of the second phase, the second alternate average headway reduces, and material resists the drag of crackle Critical Cracking
It reduces, fracture toughness is greatly reduced.Second is similar spherical in shape or particle is tiny, then reduces to the illeffects of fracture toughness.For
The strong plasticity of matching ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy, by controlling heat treatment process, making precipitate size and being distributed in certain level,
It is the privilege path for obtaining high comprehensive performance.The Zn and alloying element content of superelevation cause aluminium alloy alloying element in solid solution to be difficult to
Solid solution completely, generally there are part indissoluble phases, it is difficult to form supersaturated solid solution, while main Precipitation hardening constituent
For MgZn2 since Zn, Mg alloying element content are high, Stages of Aging is extremely sensitive to timeliness temperature and time after solid solution, conventional
Artificial aging temperature will lead to the part forming core of hardening constituent unevenly and part is grown up, and reduces integral material plasticity.
Patent: CN201710160142.8 discloses the founding and heat treatment process of a kind of high Zn constituent content aluminium alloy.
This method has formulated a kind of heat treatment process of three-stage solution+three-step aging, obtains tensile strength and is up to 790MPa, extends
The aluminium alloy capability of rate 7% or so.It is Zn:9.8~11.2 that the patent, which only gives alloying element content,;Mg:1.6~2.4;
Cu:1.2~2.1;Zr:0.08~0.20;Fe≤0.15;Si≤0.1;Mn≤0.05;Cr≤0.05;Ti≤0.05;Al surplus
Aluminum alloy heat treatment process, but the aluminium alloy for being more than 11.2% for more high alloy constituent content, especially Zn content is uncomfortable
With, meanwhile, it is more than 800MPa, common 800MPa grades of Tensile Properties of Aluminum Alloy of elongation percentage >=5% which, which does not obtain intensity,.
It is suitble to the aluminum alloy high-strength plasticity of high alloy constituent content to be heat-treated work it can be seen that how to formulate from more microcosmic level
Skill is one of the important directions of next-generation higher intensity aluminium alloy research and development.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the low temperature agings and multistage of a kind of super high Zn content aluminium alloy
Heat treatment process.In order to which some aspects of the embodiment to disclosure have a basic understanding, simple summary is shown below.
The summarized section is not extensive overview, nor to determine key/critical component or describe the protection model of these embodiments
It encloses.Its sole purpose is that some concepts are presented with simple form, in this, as the preamble of following detailed description.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In some alternative embodiments, a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy and multistage heat treatment process,
Including solid solution stage and low temperature aging stage;The concrete technology in the solid solution stage be single-stage be dissolved or double_stage guide or twin-stage with
Upper multistage solid solution;The low temperature aging stage specifically comprises the processes of:
Low temperature aging processing;
Or conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing;
Or multistage aging handles again conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing.
Wherein, the single-stage solid solution are as follows: heat preservation is sufficiently solid to alloying element under conditions of being lower than 1-19 DEG C of burnt temperature
It is molten.
Wherein, double_stage guide are as follows: keep the temperature under conditions of being lower than 20-30 DEG C of burnt temperature, kept the temperature under set temperature
It is sufficiently dissolved to alloying element.
Wherein, more than twin-stage multistage solid solution are as follows: kept the temperature under conditions of being lower than 30 DEG C of burnt temperature or more, then at being lower than
It is kept the temperature under conditions of burning 10-30 DEG C of temperature, finally keeps the temperature under set temperature and be sufficiently dissolved to alloying element.
Wherein, the absolute value of set temperature and the difference of burnt temperature is less than 5.
Wherein, low temperature aging are as follows: artificial aging processing is kept the temperature under 60 DEG C -100 DEG C of cryogenic conditions.
Wherein, conventional timeliness are as follows: kept the temperature under conditions of being more than or equal to 100 DEG C.
Wherein, multistage aging is handled are as follows: in the treatment temperature for being greater than low temperature aging, and is less than the treatment temperature of conventional timeliness
Under conditions of keep the temperature.
The utility model has the advantages that high Zn aluminium can be made using low temperature progressive aging heat treatment process of the invention brought by of the invention
Recrystallization degree is reduced while alloying element is sufficiently dissolved in alloy material, can buffer and accurately control the forming core of precipitated phase
And growth rate, using the number of nuclei and size of the timeliness duration control precipitation strength phase of low temperature, precipitated phase is made to be evenly distributed,
Size is suitable, avoids because in single section of conventional timeliness heat preservation, precipitated phase forming core is unevenly distributed caused by alloying element content is high
Uniform part precipitated phase growth rate is too fast, oversized.
For the above and related purposes, one or more embodiments include being particularly described below and in claim
In the feature that particularly points out.The certain illustrative aspects of following explanation, and the principle of only each embodiment of its instruction
Some modes in utilizable various modes.Other benefits and novel features will be with following detailed description considerations
And becoming obvious, the disclosed embodiments are all such aspects to be included and they are equal.
Specific embodiment
It is described below and specific embodiments of the present invention is fully shown, to enable those skilled in the art to practice it
?.The part of some embodiments and feature can be included in or replace part and the feature of other embodiments.The present invention
The range of embodiment include the entire scope of claims and all obtainable equivalents of claims.
In some illustrative embodiments, the aluminium alloy of super high Zn content is generally referred to as Zn content greater than 11.2%,
A kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy and multistage heat treatment process, including solid solution stage and low temperature aging stage;Institute
Stating the solid solution stage is the multistage solid solution of single-stage solid solution or double_stage guide or twin-stage or more;The concrete technology in the low temperature aging stage
Are as follows:
Low temperature aging processing;
Or conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing;
Or multistage aging handles again conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing.
The single-stage solid solution are as follows: heat preservation is sufficiently dissolved to alloying element under conditions of being lower than 1-19 DEG C of burnt temperature.It is double
Grade solid solution are as follows: keep the temperature, kept the temperature under set temperature sufficiently solid to alloying element under conditions of being lower than 20-30 DEG C of burnt temperature
It is molten.More than twin-stage multistage solid solution are as follows: kept the temperature under conditions of being lower than 30 DEG C of burnt temperature or more, then at lower than burnt temperature 10-
It is kept the temperature under conditions of 30 DEG C, finally keeps the temperature under set temperature and be sufficiently dissolved to alloying element.Set temperature and burnt temperature
The absolute value of difference is less than 5.Low temperature aging are as follows: artificial aging processing is kept the temperature under 60 DEG C -100 DEG C of cryogenic conditions.When conventional
Effect are as follows: kept the temperature under conditions of being more than or equal to 100 DEG C.Multistage aging processing are as follows: and small in the treatment temperature for being greater than low temperature aging
It is kept the temperature under conditions of the treatment temperature of conventional timeliness.Due to the alloying element content of superelevation, especially superelevation Zn constituent content
Caused precipitation phase concentration height, precipitated phase forming core and growth rate are to the extremely sensitive of temperature, using conventional single stage solid solution and often
The heat treating regime of rule single-stage aging is difficult to control accurately the complete solid solution and Precipitation distribution of precipitated phase, and raising aluminium is caused to close
Usually elongation percentage is very low while golden intensity.It can make high Zn aluminium alloy material using fixation rates stage by stage of the invention
Alloying element reduces recrystallization degree while be sufficiently dissolved in material, at the same using in the present invention lower than 60 DEG C of ordinary temperature-
100 DEG C are used as low temperature aging keeping temperature rule, can buffer and accurately control the forming core and growth rate of precipitated phase, utilize low temperature
Timeliness duration controls the number of nuclei and size of precipitation strength phase, so that precipitated phase is evenly distributed, size it is suitable, avoid because of alloy
In single section of conventional timeliness heat preservation, precipitated phase forming core is unevenly distributed uniform part precipitated phase and grows up speed caused by constituent content is high
Rate is too fast, oversized.Further, it is also possible to using single-stage or multistage solid solution, low temperature aging is freely regulated and controled in the present invention stage by stage
By regulating and controlling the temperature and time of first order low temperature aging, or the temperature and time by regulating and controlling increase multistage aging, freely adjust
Control material final strength and plasticity matching status, and even finally obtaining intensity is more than 800MPa, elongation percentage remain to >=5% it is strong
Plastic elongation performance.In addition, the low temperature progressive aging heat treatment process can expand application range to more high Zn content aluminum alloy heat
Treatment process freely regulates and controls to obtain target strength and plasticity matching.
Embodiment 1:
By taking the aluminium alloy of superelevation Zn constituent content 7XXX series as an example, alloying component is by weight percentage are as follows: Zn:
11.2%-12%, Mg:2%-3%, Cu:0.8%-1.2%, Zr:0.08%-0.3%, Fe≤0.12%, Si≤0.10%,
Al surplus.
Prepare the alloy ingot blank and bar, preparation process are as follows:
1. using refining techniques leading in the world, the content of the impurity elements such as control Fe, Si reduces other oxygen in melt
Change slag inclusion;
2. the spray forming technology of Jiangsu Haoran Spray Forming Alloy Co., Ltd and equipment is used to prepare diameter as 500mm
Aluminium alloy cylinder ingot blank;
3. aluminum alloy round ingot is after over mechanical processing is removed the peel, after 420 DEG C of -450 DEG C of temperature ranges keep the temperature 8-~10h, squeeze
Platen press obtains the alloy extrusion bar that diameter is φ 160mm, extrusion ratio about 9/1;
Low temperature progressive aging heat treatment process:
4, aluminium extrusion bar carries out double_stage guide processing, and double_stage guide technique is after keeping the temperature 2h-3h at 450 DEG C -465 DEG C
1h-2h is kept the temperature at 475 DEG C -485 DEG C again, cold water of coming out of the stove quenching, the technique realizes the aluminium aluminium alloy of superelevation Zn constituent content
The intracorporal indissoluble of squeeze wood base mutually dissolves to the full extent, obtains the alloy material with a large amount of supersaturated solid solution, is
Precipitation reinforcing later is prepared;
5. Aluminium Alloy Extruded Bar carries out conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing, aging technique are as follows: at 70 DEG C -95 DEG C
Lower heat preservation 8h-16h, then keeps the temperature 8h-16h at 120 DEG C, and ag(e)ing process satisfaction heats up with furnace, comes out of the stove air-cooled;
6. heat treatment after aluminium rods and bars of aluminium alloy it is machined after, using cupping machine carry out tensile test at room temperature,
Alloy At Room Temperature tensile strength, yield strength and elongation mean value are respectively up to 823MPa, 814MPa, 6.5%.It is super to can get intensity
800MPa is crossed, elongation percentage remains to >=5% strong plastic elongation Performance Match state.
Mechanical property see the table below:
Mechanical property | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Average value |
Tensile strength sigma b/MPa | 819 | 823 | 827 | 823 |
Yield strength σ 0.2/MPa | 809 | 822 | 811 | 814 |
Elongation percentage δ/% | 7.1 | 5.7 | 6.8 | 6.5 |
Embodiment 2: by taking the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy of superelevation Zn constituent content as an example, alloying component by weight hundred
Divide ratio are as follows: Zn:11.2%-12%, Mg:2%-3%, Cu:0.8%-1.2%, Zr:0.08%-0.3%, Fe≤0.12%, Si
≤ 0.10%, Al surplus.
Prepare the alloy ingot blank and bar, preparation process are as follows:
1. using refining techniques leading in the world, the content of the impurity elements such as control Fe, Si reduces other oxygen in melt
Change slag inclusion;
2. the spray forming technology of Jiangsu Haoran Spray Forming Alloy Co., Ltd and equipment is used to prepare diameter as 500mm
Aluminium aluminium alloy cylinder ingot blank;
3. aluminum alloy round ingot is after over mechanical processing is removed the peel, after 420 DEG C of -450 DEG C of temperature ranges keep the temperature 8h-10h, squeeze
Method obtains the alloy extrusion bar that diameter is φ 160mm, extrusion ratio 9/1;
Low temperature progressive aging heat treatment process:
4. aluminium extrusion bar carries out double_stage guide processing, double_stage guide technique is to keep the temperature 2h- at a temperature of 450 DEG C -465 DEG C
Then 3h keeps the temperature 1h-2h at a temperature of 475 DEG C -485 DEG C again, cold water of coming out of the stove quenching, the technique realizes superelevation Zn constituent content
The intracorporal indissoluble of aluminium Aluminum alloy extrusion material base mutually dissolve to the full extent, obtain the conjunction with a large amount of supersaturated solid solution
Golden material, the Precipitation reinforcing after being are prepared;
5. Aluminium Alloy Extruded Bar carries out conventional ageing treatment, trying lower processing is T6 ageing treatment, aging technique are as follows:
16h-24h is kept the temperature at 120 DEG C, ag(e)ing process satisfaction heats up with furnace, comes out of the stove air-cooled.
6. heat treatment after aluminium rods and bars of aluminium alloy it is machined at tensile test bar after, using cupping machine carry out room temperature
Tension test, Alloy At Room Temperature tensile strength, yield strength and elongation mean value are respectively 808MPa, 802MPa, 4%, be can get
High intensity, but elongation percentage is low.
Mechanical property see the table below:
Mechanical property | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Average value |
Tensile strength sigma b/MPa | 813 | 818 | 792 | 808 |
Yield strength σ 0.2/MPa | 812 | 811 | 784 | 802 |
Elongation percentage δ/% | 3.8 | 2.3 | 4.7 | 4 |
Embodiment 3:
By taking the 7XXX line aluminium alloy of superelevation Zn constituent content as an example, alloying component is by weight percentage are as follows: Zn:
11.2%-12%, Mg:2%-3%, Cu:0.8%-1.2%, Zr:0.08%-0.3%, Fe≤0.12%, Si≤0.10%,
Al surplus.
Prepare the alloy ingot blank and bar, preparation process are as follows:
1. using refining techniques leading in the world, the content of the impurity elements such as control Fe, Si reduces other oxygen in melt
Change slag inclusion;
2. the spray forming technology of Jiangsu Haoran Spray Forming Alloy Co., Ltd and equipment is used to prepare diameter as 500mm
Aluminium alloy cylinder ingot blank;
3. aluminum alloy round ingot is after over mechanical processing is removed the peel, after 420 DEG C of -450 DEG C of temperature ranges keep the temperature 8h-10h, squeeze
Method obtains the alloy extrusion bar that diameter is φ 160mm, extrusion ratio about 9/1;
Low temperature progressive aging heat treatment process:
4. aluminium extrusion bar carries out double_stage guide processing, again at 475 DEG C -485 after heat preservation 2h-3h at 450 DEG C -465 DEG C
1h-2h is kept the temperature at DEG C, cold water of coming out of the stove quenches, and the aluminium Aluminum alloy extrusion material base which realizes superelevation Zn constituent content is intracorporal
Indissoluble mutually dissolves to the full extent, obtains the alloy material with a large amount of supersaturated solid solution, the Precipitation after being
Reinforcing is prepared;
5. Aluminium Alloy Extruded Bar carries out low temperature aging processing, aging technique are as follows: 16h-60h is kept the temperature at 70 DEG C -95 DEG C,
Ag(e)ing process satisfaction heats up with furnace, comes out of the stove air-cooled;
6. heat treatment after aluminium rods and bars of aluminium alloy it is machined after, using cupping machine carry out tensile test at room temperature,
Alloy At Room Temperature tensile strength, yield strength and elongation mean value are respectively up to 799MPa, 733MPa, 9.2%.It can get elongation percentage
Higher, intensity is decreased slightly as low strong plastic elongation Performance Match state.
Mechanical property see the table below:
Mechanical property | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Average value |
Tensile strength sigma b/MPa | 805 | 788 | 803 | 799 |
Yield strength σ 0.2/MPa | 737 | 733 | 730 | 733 |
Elongation percentage δ/% | 8.5 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.2 |
Performance in comparative example 1 and embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 using low temperature progressive aging of the present invention as it can be seen that be heat-treated
Technique is applied to be injected into the standby superelevation Zn constituent content aluminium alloy of shape, and can get intensity is more than 800MPa, and elongation percentage remains to
>=5% excellent strong plasticity matches tensile property, such as embodiment 1.Meanwhile by regulate and control low temperature progressive aging cryogenic temperature and
It keeps the temperature duration or regulates and controls the stage quantity of low temperature progressive aging, can get the combination tensile property of elongation percentage raising, strength reduction,
Such as embodiment 3.
Low temperature progressive aging of the present invention heat treatment can further expansion be applied to the aluminium alloy of same alloy constituent content, or
The aluminum alloy heat of higher Zn alloying element content is handled, and using more segmentation control methods, obtains the group of more intensity and plasticity
Close tensile property.
The present invention solves the aluminium alloy that the prior art is not suitable for more high alloy constituent content, and especially Zn content is more than
11.2% aluminium alloy;And can not obtain intensity is more than 800MPa, common 800MPa grades of aluminium alloys of elongation percentage >=5% are comprehensive to be drawn
Stretch performance;And do not have the heat treatment process for being widely used in 7000 line aluminium alloy of superelevation Zn constituent content, cannot freely it regulate and control
The technological deficiencies such as intensity and the plasticity matching of material.
It should also be appreciated by one skilled in the art that those skilled in the art can be directed to each specific application, with accommodation
Mode realizes described function, and still, this realization decision should not be construed as a departure from the scope of protection of this disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy and multistage heat treatment process, which is characterized in that including being dissolved the stage
And the low temperature aging stage;The concrete technology in the solid solution stage is the multistage solid solution of single-stage solid solution or double_stage guide or twin-stage or more;
The low temperature aging stage specifically comprises the processes of:
Low temperature aging processing;
Or conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing;
Or multistage aging handles again conventional ageing treatment after low temperature aging processing.
2. a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy as described in claim 1 and multistage heat treatment process, feature
It is, the single-stage solid solution are as follows: heat preservation is sufficiently dissolved to alloying element under conditions of being lower than 1-19 DEG C of burnt temperature.
3. a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 2 and multistage heat treatment process, feature
It is, double_stage guide are as follows: kept the temperature under conditions of being lower than 20-30 DEG C of burnt temperature, heat preservation is first to alloy under set temperature
Plain sufficiently solid solution.
4. a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 3 and multistage heat treatment process, feature
It is, more than twin-stage multistage solid solution are as follows: kept the temperature under conditions of being lower than 30 DEG C of burnt temperature or more, then at lower than burnt temperature
It is kept the temperature under conditions of 10-30 DEG C, finally keeps the temperature under set temperature and be sufficiently dissolved to alloying element.
5. a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 4 and multistage heat treatment process, feature
It is, the absolute value of the difference of set temperature and burnt temperature is less than 5.
6. a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 5 and multistage heat treatment process, feature
It is, low temperature aging are as follows: artificial aging processing is kept the temperature under 60 DEG C -100 DEG C of cryogenic conditions.
7. a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 6 and multistage heat treatment process, feature
It is, conventional timeliness are as follows: kept the temperature under conditions of being more than or equal to 100 DEG C.
8. a kind of low temperature aging of super high Zn content aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 7 and multistage heat treatment process, feature
It is, multistage aging processing are as follows: in the treatment temperature for being greater than low temperature aging, and be less than under conditions of the treatment temperature of conventional timeliness
Heat preservation.
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Cited By (2)
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CN111690886A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-09-22 | 江苏理工学院 | Treatment method for improving comprehensive mechanical property of Al-Zn alloy with high zinc content |
CN115874121A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-31 | 山东创新金属科技有限公司 | Aging heat treatment process for heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy |
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