CN109485506A - Containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109485506A CN109485506A CN201811596385.7A CN201811596385A CN109485506A CN 109485506 A CN109485506 A CN 109485506A CN 201811596385 A CN201811596385 A CN 201811596385A CN 109485506 A CN109485506 A CN 109485506A
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- double superhosphate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element and preparation method thereof, by mass percentage: urea ratio 25%-35%, potassium chloride ratio 15% -20%, normal superphosphate ratio 7% -12%, double superhosphate ratio 7% -12%, monoammonium phosphate ratio 30% -38%, ammonium hydrogen carbonate ratio 1.4% -2.4%, middle microelement ratio 2.5% -5%.The ammoniated treatment of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate is realized by ammonium hydrogen carbonate, to solve the process difficulties that urea and its cannot be directly mixed, using its distinctive viscosity, realization is granulated without filler material, utilizes phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum raising P elements utilization rate.The diversification of final products P elements source, is conducive to crop and is absorbed and utilized, and containing microelement in sulphur, manganese needed for wheat growth, calcium, copper, boron, has and promote fertilizer synergistic, improve soil, improve the effect of yield and quality of wheat.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical fertilizer technical fields, and in particular to a kind of containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element
And preparation method thereof.P elements source is normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and monoammonium phosphate in final products.
Background technique
Currently, the development of domestic and international compound fertilizer is occupied an leading position in chemical fertilizer industry with the development of modern agriculture,
Chemical fertilizer industry developed country, compound fertilizer dosage have accounted for the 70%~80% of fertilizer amount.Compound fertilizer mainly by it is nitrogenous,
After the base fertilizer of phosphorus, potassium, such as the mixing of urea, ammonium chloride, phosphorus ammonium, potassium chloride material, in pelletizer, in certain temperature
Under amount of liquid phase, by being added sticky filler material, such as stick soil, clay, reunion granulating, then through drying, cooling, be sieved into it is multiple
Hefei product.Above-mentioned compound fertilizer production technology is the widely used production method in China, and this method production process is simple, operation
It is easy to grasp, but product, there is P elements source is single, P elements cannot preferably be absorbed by crops utilization, need in ingredient
A large amount of sticky filler material is added as adhesive, the high problem of cost of material.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, development and application are in Different Crop containing there are many P elements and can according to Different Crop
Needing to provide the middle infinitesimal secondary element needed for it is to realize that fertilizer efficiently utilizes, and reduces investment, protects environment, that improves soil has
Effect approach.It is granulated by realizing without filler material, to reduce products material cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of production containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizer of phosphorus element, and product P elements come
Source is respectively normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and monoammonium phosphate, due to their manufacture crafts difference, also containing in sulphur, calcium
Microelement, crop can preferably be absorbed and utilized, and plant recovery of nutrient is high;
It is another object of the present invention to pass through that ammonium hydrogen carbonate is added, by completing common peroxophosphoric acid in drying course and stacking process
The ammonification of calcium and double superhosphate to solve the process difficulties that urea and its cannot be directly mixed, and utilizes its distinctive viscosity,
It realizes and is granulated without filler material;
Further mesh of the invention is the utilization rate that P elements are improved using phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum, water-soluble caused by ammonifying process to overcome
Property phosphorus declines this problem.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: it is a kind of special containing the wheat there are many phosphorus element
With compound fertilizer, urea Zhan always puts into the mass percent 25%-35% of material quantity, potassium chloride Zhan always puts into the quality of material quantity
It is total that percentage 15%-20%, normal superphosphate Zhan always put into the mass percent 7%-12% of material quantity, double superhosphate Zhan
Mass percent 7%-12%, the monoammonium phosphate Zhan of investment material quantity always put into mass percent 30%-38%, the carbon of material quantity
Sour hydrogen ammonium Zhan always puts into the mass percent 1.4%-2.4% of material quantity, middle microelement Zhan always puts into the quality hundred of material quantity
Divide and compares 2.5%-5%;
The preparation method of the wheat special complex fertilizer of the phosphorus element containing there are many, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate
The mixing of 1.1 materials: mixing and blending machine is added in normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate through measuring,
Even 5~7min of mixing time.We did a large amount of test, if urea and normal superphosphate and mistake again in granulation process
Calcium phosphate is directly mixed, can react and generate ureasulfuric acid and urea phosphate, generate a large amount of liquid phase, make material at pureed or big
Grain, production cannot proceed normally, it is therefore desirable to ammoniated treatment be carried out to normal superphosphate and double superhosphate, to solve urea
It cannot direct mixed process difficulties with it;
1.2 drying ammonifications: mixed material enters drying ammonification machine, completes normal superphosphate and weight peroxophosphoric acid using drying temperature
The ammoniated treatment of calcium, at 70-80 DEG C, drying time 20-25min, material moisture controls the control of drying ammonification machine inlet temperature
3% hereinafter, this during temperature and time it is especially important, if temperature is excessively high and overlong time will cause ammonium hydrogen carbonate
It decomposes too fast, ammonification effect is not achieved, if temperature is low and the time too short aminating reaction that will cause is insufficient, product moisture content
Height influences subsequent use;
1.3 stacking ammonifications and raising P elements utilization rate: the normal superphosphate and double superhosphate that will be handled by step 1.2
Mixture with account for its mass percent 2%-2.5% phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum blending uniformly, and pile wide 6m, high 5m, length 18m-
The wedge-shaped heap body of 20m, every turning in seven days is primary, and the compost time is 40-45 days, the ammonification of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate
It is a slow process, by drying ammonification and stacks ammonification guarantee ammonification effect and time, passes through phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum and improve phosphorus member
The utilization rate of element is to solve the problems, such as that ammonifying process causes water-soluble phosphorus to decline;
(2) granulating method compound fertilizer producing equipment is utilized, by the preparation of urea, potassium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate and step (1)
The mixture of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate enters rotary drum granulator after computer metering, utilizes in granulation process common
The viscosity of calcium superphosphate and double superhosphate uses steam as amount of liquid phase and completes material granulation process, rotary drum as adhesive
Temperature of charge control is at 70-75 DEG C in pelletizer, 6~8min of granulation time;
(3) after being granulated, material enters drying machine, and the control of drying machine inlet temperature is at 110-125 DEG C, 25~35min of drying time;
(4) screening of bulky grain heat, sieve diameter 4.5mm are carried out after drying, the bulky grain after screening returns to rotary drum after crushing and makes
Grain machine;
(5) other materials after sieving enter cooler, cooling time 25~35min;It is sieved after cooling through dusting cover, sieve diameter
Between 2.0-2.5mm, the granular material after dusting cover returns to rotary drum granulator, and qualified product enters packing machine, handles by anti-caking
After pack.
Normal superphosphate/double superhosphate mass ratio is 1: 1, normal superphosphate and double superhosphate point
Not Wei sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid react and be made with rock phosphate in powder, by multiple field trial, the two is mixed by 1: 1 ratio, and using effect is most
It is good.
The ammonium hydrogen carbonate/(normal superphosphate+double superhosphate) mass ratio is 1: 10, in ammonifying process,
The ratio of ammonium hydrogen carbonate is especially important, if ratio is low, ammonification is not thorough, and influences to produce, if ratio is high, causes water-soluble phosphorus
It degenerates serious, influences fertilizer efficiency.
Product total nutrient content >=50%.
The middle microelement substance is one or more of mixtures of manganese sulfate, copper sulphate, borax.
P elements source is normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and monoammonium phosphate in the product, since they make
Make technique difference, the utilization rate of P elements is also different, and normal superphosphate and double superhosphate also contain sulphur, micro in calcium
Element, crop can preferably be absorbed and utilized, it is a large amount of experiments have shown that, crop to the P elements utilization rate of normal superphosphate most
Height, followed by double superhosphate are finally monoammonium phosphate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, P elements source is normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and monoammonium phosphate in product, due to three's production technology and
P elements can be preferably absorbed and utilized in raw materials used difference, crop, reduce the damage of nutrient caused by cannot absorbing as crop
It becomes estranged environmental pollution, plant recovery of nutrient is higher;
2, it by completing the ammonification of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate using ammonium hydrogen carbonate, solves urea with common and crosses phosphorus
Sour calcium and double superhosphate cannot mixture process difficulties, while the ureasulfuric acid and urea phosphate that prevent cause product to agglomerate,
Influence application;
3, product of the invention: in addition to containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, also containing micro in sulphur, zinc required for wheat growth, calcium
Element;
4, normal superphosphate and the distinctive viscosity of double superhosphate are utilized in granulation process, realizes and is granulated without filler material, are reduced
Cost of material.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure of description 1 is the present invention containing there are many preparation method flow charts of the wheat special complex fertilizer of phosphorus element.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments:
The present invention contains the wheat special complex fertilizer there are many phosphorus element, and urea Zhan always puts into the mass percent 25%- of material quantity
35%, potassium chloride Zhan always puts into the mass percent 15%-20% of material quantity, normal superphosphate Zhan always puts into the matter of material quantity
Amount percentage 7%-12%, double superhosphate Zhan always puts into the mass percent 7%-12% of material quantity, monoammonium phosphate Zhan is always thrown
Enter the mass percent 30%-38% of material quantity, ammonium hydrogen carbonate Zhan always put into material quantity mass percent 1.4%-2.4%,
Middle microelement Zhan always puts into the mass percent 2.5%-5% of material quantity;
The preparation method of the wheat special complex fertilizer of the phosphorus element containing there are many, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate
The mixing of 1.1 materials: mixing and blending machine is added in normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate through measuring,
Even 5~7min of mixing time;
1.2 drying ammonifications: mixed material enters drying ammonification machine, completes normal superphosphate and weight peroxophosphoric acid using drying temperature
The ammoniated treatment of calcium, at 70-80 DEG C, drying time 20-25min, material moisture controls the control of drying ammonification machine inlet temperature
Below 3%;
1.3 stacking ammonifications and raising P elements utilization rate: the normal superphosphate and double superhosphate that will be handled by step 1.2
Mixture with account for its mass percent 2%-2.5% phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum blending uniformly, and pile wide 6m, high 5m, length 18m-
The wedge-shaped heap body of 20m, every turning in seven days is primary, and the compost time is 40-45 days;
(2) granulating method compound fertilizer producing equipment is utilized, by the preparation of urea, potassium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate and step (1)
The mixture of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate enters rotary drum granulator after computer metering, utilizes in granulation process common
The viscosity of calcium superphosphate and double superhosphate uses steam as amount of liquid phase and completes material granulation process, rotary drum as adhesive
Temperature of charge control is at 70-75 DEG C in pelletizer, 6~8min of granulation time;
(3) after being granulated, material enters drying machine, and the control of drying machine inlet temperature is at 110-125 DEG C, 25~35min of drying time;
(4) screening of bulky grain heat, sieve diameter 4.5mm are carried out after drying, the bulky grain after screening returns to rotary drum after crushing and makes
Grain machine;
(5) other materials after sieving enter cooler, cooling time 25~35min;It is sieved after cooling through dusting cover, sieve diameter
Between 2.0-2.5mm, the granular material after dusting cover returns to rotary drum granulator, and qualified product enters packing machine, handles by anti-caking
After pack.
Normal superphosphate/double superhosphate mass ratio is 1: 1.
The ammonium hydrogen carbonate/(normal superphosphate+double superhosphate) mass ratio is 1: 10.
Product total nutrient content >=the %50%.
The middle microelement substance is one or more of mixtures of manganese sulfate, copper sulphate, borax.
P elements source is normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and monoammonium phosphate in the product.
The principle of the present invention is: using normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and monoammonium phosphate to obtain in production process
A variety of P elements sources are added ammonium hydrogen carbonate and complete normal superphosphate and double superhosphate in drying course and stacking process
Ammonification, to prevent the free phosphoric acid and urea in the free sulfuric acid and double superhosphate in normal superphosphate during major structure grain
Reaction generates ureasulfuric acid and urea phosphate, cannot proceed normally production, while the utilization rate of P elements is improved using phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum
To solve the problems, such as that ammonifying process causes water-soluble phosphorus to decline.
Below by example, the invention will be further elaborated:
Embodiment 1:18-22-10 Special fertilizer for wheat, by taking 1 ton of products material norm quota of consumption as an example:
By the normal superphosphate (contain P20517.5%, contain S and Ca) through measuring, mass percent, similarly hereinafter) 85 kilograms, mistake again
85 kilograms of calcium phosphate (containing P20543%, contain Ca), mixing and blending machine, uniform stirring is added in 17 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen carbonate (containing N 17%)
Time 6min, the mixed material after uniform stirring enter drying ammonification machine, and drying ammonification machine inlet temperature control is at 75 DEG C, drying
Time 20min, material moisture control is 3% hereinafter, 4.25 kilograms of phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum is added simultaneously in mixture after the drying
Blending uniformly, and piles wide 6m, and the wedge-shaped heap body of high 5m, length 20m, every turning in seven days is primary, and the compost time is 42 days.It will be upper
For mixed material made of stating by 310 kilograms of computer metering and urea (containing N 46.2%), potassium chloride is public (containing K2062%) 162
Jin, 313 kilograms of monoammonium phosphate (containing N 11%, P205 54%), 15 kilograms of manganese sulfate (containing S and Mn), copper sulphate (contains S and Cu)
13 kilograms are added rotary drum granulator, and temperature of charge control is at 70 DEG C in rotary drum granulator, after 7min is granulated, into drying
Machine, drying machine inlet temperature are 120 DEG C, dry 30min, carry out bulky grain screening after dry, sieve diameter 4.5mm, 4.5mm with
Upper bulky grain returns to rotary drum granulator after crushing, and other materials enter cooler, cooling time 30min, it is cooling after material pass through
Sieve diameter 2.5mm dusting cover sieves, and the granular material after dusting cover returns to pelletizer, and qualified product enters packing machine, carries out anti-caking
Processing, coating, packaging obtain the wheat special complex fertilizer for a variety of phosphorus elements that granularity is 2-4.5mm.Product contains N-P205-K20
For 18.05%-22.05%-10.04%, and contain microelement in S, Ca, Mn, Cu, aqueous 1.5%, intensity 18N, particle light
Sliding, rounding.
Embodiment 2:16-24-10 Special fertilizer for wheat, by taking 1 ton of products material norm quota of consumption as an example:
By the normal superphosphate (contain P205 17.5%, contain S and Ca) through measuring, mass percent, similarly hereinafter) 90 kilograms, mistake again
90 kilograms of calcium phosphate (containing P205 43%, contain Ca), mixing and blending machine is added in 18 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen carbonate (containing N 17%), uniformly stirs
Time 6min is mixed, the mixed material after uniform stirring enters drying ammonification machine, and drying ammonification machine inlet temperature control is dried at 70 DEG C
Dry time 25min, material moisture control is 3% hereinafter, 4.5 kilograms of phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum is added simultaneously in mixture after the drying
Blending uniformly, and piles wide 6m, and the wedge-shaped heap body of high 5m, length 18m, every turning in seven days is primary, and the compost time is 45 days.It will be upper
For mixed material made of stating by 258 kilograms of computer metering and urea (containing N 46.2%), potassium chloride is public (containing K2062%) 162
Jin, 345 kilograms of monoammonium phosphate (containing N 11%, P20554%), 15 kilograms of manganese sulfate (containing S and Mn), copper sulphate (containing S and Cu) 12
Kilogram, rotary drum granulator is added in 10 kilograms of borax (containing B), and temperature of charge control is made at 65 DEG C by 8min in rotary drum granulator
After grain, into drying machine, drying machine inlet temperature is 120 DEG C, and dry 35min carries out bulky grain screening, sieve diameter after dry
4.5mm, 4.5mm or more bulky grain return to rotary drum granulator after crushing, and other materials enter cooler, cooling time 35min,
Material is sieved through sieve diameter 2.2mm dusting cover after cooling, and the granular material after dusting cover returns to pelletizer, and qualified product enters package
Machine, carries out anti-caking processing, coating, and packaging obtains the wheat special complex fertilizer for a variety of phosphorus elements that granularity is 2-4.5mm.It produces
Product are 16.03%-24.08%-10.04% containing N-P205-K20, and containing microelement in S, Ca, Mn, Cu, B, aqueous
1.6%, intensity 17N, particle is smooth, rounding.
The present invention solves that China current compound fertilizer P elements source is single, and crop cannot preferably be absorbed and utilized and cause
Nutrient loss and the problems such as environmental pollution.P elements contained by product of the invention derive from normal superphosphate, again mistake
Calcium phosphate and monoammonium phosphate, due to three's production technology and raw materials used difference, P elements can be preferably absorbed and utilized in crop,
Effectively raise the utilization rate of P elements.By the way that ammonium hydrogen carbonate is added, common peroxophosphoric acid is completed in drying and stacking process
The ammonification of calcium and double superhosphate, solve urea and its cannot direct mixture process difficulties, it is distinctive using its when granulation
Viscosity may be implemented no filler material and be granulated, reduces cost of material.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element, which is characterized in that urea Zhan always puts into the quality of material quantity
Percentage 25%-35%, potassium chloride Zhan always put into the mass percent 15% -20% of material quantity, normal superphosphate Zhan is always put into
The mass percent 7% -12% of material quantity, double superhosphate Zhan always put into the mass percent 7% -12% of material quantity, phosphoric acid one
Ammonium Zhan always puts into the mass percent 30% -38% of material quantity, ammonium hydrogen carbonate Zhan always puts into the mass percent 1.4%-of material quantity
2.4%, middle microelement Zhan always puts into the mass percent 2.5% -5% of material quantity;
The preparation method of the wheat special complex fertilizer of the phosphorus element containing there are many, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate
The mixing of 1.1 materials: mixing and blending machine is added in normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate through measuring,
Even 5~7min of mixing time;
1.2 drying ammonifications: mixed material enters drying ammonification machine, completes normal superphosphate and weight peroxophosphoric acid using drying temperature
The ammoniated treatment of calcium, drying ammonification machine inlet temperature control is at 70-80 DEG C, 20-25 min of drying time, material moisture control
System is below 3%;
1.3 stacking ammonifications and raising P elements utilization rate: the normal superphosphate and double superhosphate that will be handled by step 1.2
Mixture with account for its mass percent 2% -2.5% phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum blending uniformly, and pile wide 6m, high 5m, length 18m -
The wedge-shaped heap body of 20m, every turning in seven days is primary, and the compost time is 40-45 days;
(2) granulating method compound fertilizer producing equipment is utilized, by the preparation of urea, potassium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate and step (1)
The mixture of normal superphosphate and double superhosphate enters rotary drum granulator after computer metering, utilizes in granulation process common
The viscosity of calcium superphosphate and double superhosphate uses steam as amount of liquid phase and completes material granulation process, rotary drum as adhesive
Temperature of charge control is at 70-75 DEG C in pelletizer, 6~8min of granulation time;
(3) after being granulated, material enters drying machine, and the control of drying machine inlet temperature is at 110-125 DEG C, drying time 25~35
min;
(4) screening of bulky grain heat, sieve diameter 4.5mm are carried out after drying, the bulky grain after screening returns to rotary drum after crushing and makes
Grain machine;
(5) other materials after sieving enter cooler, cooling time 25~35 min;It is sieved after cooling through dusting cover, sieve pore is straight
Between 2.0-2.5mm of diameter, the granular material after dusting cover returns to rotary drum granulator, and qualified product enters packing machine, at anti-caking
It is packed after reason.
2. according to claim 1 containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element, which is characterized in that common peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium/double superhosphate mass ratio is 1:1.
3. according to claim 1 containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element, which is characterized in that ammonium hydrogen carbonate/
The mass ratio of (normal superphosphate+double superhosphate) is 1:10.
4. according to claim 1 containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element, which is characterized in that product total nutrient
Han Liang≤50%.
5. according to claim 1 containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element, which is characterized in that micro- in described
Secondary element substance is one or more of mixtures of manganese sulfate, copper sulphate, borax.
6. according to claim 1 containing there are many wheat special complex fertilizers of phosphorus element, which is characterized in that phosphorus member in product
Usually source is normal superphosphate, double superhosphate and monoammonium phosphate.
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CN110590438A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-20 | 唐山滦胜农业科技有限公司 | High-tower polymorphic nitrogen and potassium topdressing compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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