CN109485379B - Preparation method of ceramic tile with low firing shrinkage - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic tile with low firing shrinkage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a porcelain brick with low firing shrinkage, which comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing raw material components of a common porcelain tile according to a ratio to obtain wet-process powder; 2) dispersing and grading the recovered ceramic brick waste material to obtain ceramic brick waste powder; 3) mixing the wet powder and the ceramic waste brick powder according to the mass ratio of 6: 4-9: 1 to obtain mixed powder, and obtaining a decayed material; 4) and (3) pressing and forming the aged rotten material, and sintering at the high temperature of 1150-1250 ℃ to obtain a finished product. According to the invention, the waste ceramic tile powder prepared from the recycled ceramic tile waste is mixed with the wet powder in the traditional ceramic tile preparation, so that the mixed powder has the advantages of high bulk density, wide particle size distribution range and the like, meanwhile, the green body of the ceramic tile has high density, the strength is improved by 20% compared with that of the traditional ceramic tile green body, the shrinkage is uniform after sintering, the flatness of the finished product is about 1/3 of the traditional ceramic tile, and the trimming amount of the ceramic tile and the generation amount of trimming waste are remarkably reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramic building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a porcelain brick.
Background
The porcelain tile is also called as a vitrified tile, has the water absorption rate of below 0.5 percent, has the texture of natural stone, has the characteristics of high gloss, high hardness, high wear resistance, high pollution resistance, less color difference, diversified specifications, rich colors and the like, and is widely applied to the decoration of wall surfaces and floors. According to the statistics of 'Chinese ceramic tile capacity report' in 2017, the annual output of the architectural ceramics in China is 136 hundred million square meters, wherein the output of the ceramic tiles (glazed tiles, polished tiles and antique tiles) is 76.4 hundred million square meters, and accounts for 56.2 percent of the total output. At present, the porcelain tile is prepared by traditional spray granulation (wet method powder preparation) powder through dry pressing and firing. Because the wet granulation powder is hollow and has low bulk density, a large amount of gas in the green body can not be discharged in the pressing process, and the green body generates about 9% linear shrinkage in the sintering process. Excessive sintering shrinkage not only increases the cracking defects of the porcelain tiles, but also easily causes the defects of big heads, small heads and concave-convex edges (also called narrow waist, bulging and big belly) of the porcelain tiles, causes the decorative patterns to be distorted at the edges and causes the shape of the sintered finished tiles to be difficult to control. In the actual production process, in order to ensure that the right angle and the edge straightness of the finished porcelain tile are in a proper range, the ceramic tile needs to be subjected to edge cutting treatment, the area of the edge-cut ceramics accounts for about 4.5 percent of the area of the finished porcelain tile, about 1000 million tons of annual porcelain tile cutting waste is generated, and the serious waste of resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a porcelain tile with low firing shrinkage rate aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a porcelain tile with low firing shrinkage rate comprises the following process steps:
1) uniformly mixing the raw material components of the common porcelain tile according to the proportion, and performing ball milling, spray granulation and grading treatment to obtain wet-process powder;
2) dispersing and grading the recovered ceramic brick waste material to obtain ceramic brick waste powder;
3) putting the wet powder and the ceramic waste brick powder in a continuous mixer according to the mass ratio of 6: 4-9: 1, mixing to obtain mixed powder, and performing grading treatment and ageing treatment to obtain an aged material;
4) and (3) pressing and forming the aged decay material to obtain a porcelain brick blank, drying, decorating the surface, and firing at the high temperature of 1150-1250 ℃ for 45-65 min to obtain a finished product.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the water content of the wet powder in the step 1) is 6.0-8.5%.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the grading of the powder particles subjected to grading treatment in the step 1) is that the particle size of the powder particles is more than 20 meshes and less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the particle size of 40.0 percent and less than or equal to 40-100 meshes and less than or equal to 60.0 percent, and the particle size of less than or equal to 100 meshes is less than or equal to 4.5 percent.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the grading of the powder particles subjected to grading treatment in the step 2) is that the particle size of the powder particles is more than 20 meshes and less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the particle size of 40.0 percent and less than or equal to 40-100 meshes and less than or equal to 60.0 percent, and the particle size of less than 100 meshes and less than or equal to 20.0 percent.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the water content of the mixed powder in the step 3) is 5.1-7.0%.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the grading of the powder particles subjected to grading treatment in the step 3) is that the particle size of more than 20 meshes is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the particle size of 40 percent to 40-100 meshes is less than or equal to 60.0 percent, and the particle size of less than 100 meshes is less than or equal to 10.0 percent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the waste ceramic tile powder prepared from the recycled waste ceramic tile materials is mixed with the wet powder in the traditional ceramic tile preparation, and the powder particle grading of each stage is strictly limited, so that the method not only has a positive propulsion effect on the recycling and popularization of waste ceramic, but also has the advantages of high bulk density, wide particle size distribution range and the like, and simultaneously, the ceramic tile blank has high density, the strength is improved by 20% compared with the strength of the traditional ceramic tile blank, the shrinkage is uniform after firing, the flatness of the finished product is about 1/3 of the traditional ceramic tile, and the trimming amount and the generation amount of trimming waste of the ceramic tile are obviously reduced.
The preparation method has simple process and easy operation, and is beneficial to large-scale industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present invention is specifically described below with reference to examples in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be particularly noted that the examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, as non-essential improvements and modifications to the invention may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Meanwhile, the raw materials mentioned below are not specified in detail and are all commercial products, such as components of common porcelain tile raw materials; the process steps or preparation methods not mentioned in detail are all known to those skilled in the art, such as the proportion of common ceramic tile raw materials.
Example 1
A preparation method of a porcelain tile with low firing shrinkage rate comprises the following process steps:
1) uniformly mixing raw material components of a common porcelain tile according to a ratio, performing ball milling, spray granulation and classification treatment to obtain wet powder with the particle composition of more than 20 meshes of particles of 0.5%, 40-100 meshes of particles of 60.0% and less than 100 meshes of particles of 4.1%, and the water content of 8.5%;
2) dispersing and grading the recovered ceramic brick waste material to obtain powder with the grain composition of more than 20 meshes of 1.0 percent, 40-100 meshes of 40.0 percent and less than 100 meshes of 20.0 percent, so as to obtain ceramic waste brick powder;
3) putting the wet powder and the ceramic waste brick powder into a continuous mixer according to the mass ratio of 6:4 for mixing to obtain mixed powder with the water content of 5.1%, carrying out grading treatment to obtain powder with the grading of more than 20 meshes of particles of 1%, 40-100 meshes of particles of 45% and less than 100 meshes of particles of 10.0%, and carrying out ageing treatment to obtain an ageing material;
4) and (3) pressing and forming the aged rotten material to obtain a ceramic brick blank, drying, performing surface decoration such as surface glaze spraying, ink-jet printing, glaze spraying and polishing, and firing at 1180 ℃ for 55min to obtain the finished product of the example 1.
Example 2
A preparation method of a porcelain tile with low firing shrinkage rate comprises the following process steps:
1) uniformly mixing raw material components of a common porcelain tile according to a ratio, performing ball milling, spray granulation and classification treatment to obtain powder with the particle composition of more than 20 meshes of 0.5 percent, 40-100 meshes of 49.8 percent and less than 100 meshes of 3.5 percent, and obtaining wet powder with the water content of 7.5 percent;
2) dispersing and grading the recovered ceramic brick waste material to obtain powder with the grain composition of more than 20 meshes of 0.8 percent, 40-100 meshes of 60.0 percent and less than 100 meshes of 9.8 percent, so as to obtain ceramic waste brick powder;
3) putting the wet powder and the ceramic waste brick powder into a continuous mixer according to the mass ratio of 7:3 for mixing to obtain mixed powder with the water content of 5.3%, carrying out grading treatment to obtain powder with the particle composition of more than 20 meshes of 0.9%, 40-100 meshes of 59.8% and less than 100 meshes of 8.1%, and carrying out ageing treatment to obtain an ageing material;
4) and (3) pressing and forming the aged decay material to obtain a ceramic brick blank, drying, performing surface decoration such as surface glaze spraying, ink-jet printing, glaze spraying and polishing, and firing at 1180 ℃ for 55min to obtain the finished product of the example 2.
Example 3
A preparation method of a porcelain tile with low firing shrinkage rate comprises the following process steps:
1) uniformly mixing raw material components of a common porcelain tile according to a ratio, performing ball milling, spray granulation and classification treatment to obtain powder with the particle composition of more than 20 meshes of 0.5 percent, 40-100 meshes of 49.8 percent and less than 100 meshes of 3.5 percent, and obtaining wet powder with the water content of 6.0 percent;
2) dispersing and grading the recovered ceramic brick waste material to obtain powder with the grain composition of more than 20 meshes of 0.8 percent, 40-100 meshes of 60.0 percent and less than 100 meshes of 9.8 percent, so as to obtain ceramic waste brick powder;
3) putting the wet powder and the ceramic waste brick powder into a continuous mixer according to the mass ratio of 9:1 for mixing to obtain mixed powder with the water content of 5.4%, carrying out grading treatment to obtain powder with the grading of more than 20 meshes of 1%, 40-100 meshes of 45% and less than 100 meshes of 10%, and carrying out ageing treatment to obtain an aged material;
4) and (3) pressing and forming the aged rotten material to obtain a ceramic brick blank, drying, performing surface decoration such as surface glaze spraying, ink-jet printing, glaze spraying and polishing, and firing at 1180 ℃ for 55min to obtain the finished product of the example 3.
Comparative example
A preparation method of a porcelain tile comprises the following process steps:
1) uniformly mixing raw material components of a common porcelain tile according to a ratio, performing ball milling and spray granulation to obtain wet powder with the water content of 6.0%, and performing ageing treatment to obtain an ageing material;
2) and (3) pressing and forming the aged rotten material to obtain a ceramic brick blank, drying, performing surface decoration such as surface glaze spraying, ink-jet printing, glaze spraying and polishing, and firing at 1180 ℃ for 55min to obtain a finished product of the comparative example.
Example 4: performance detection
The finished products of the above examples 1 to 3 and the finished product of the comparative example were subjected to water absorption, firing line shrinkage and edge straightness tests, and the results of the performance tests are shown in table 1 below. As can be seen from Table 1, the ceramic tile prepared by the invention not only has low firing linear shrinkage, but also has uniform shrinkage after firing and obviously improved edge straightness compared with the traditional ceramic tile, and can obviously reduce the edge cutting amount of the ceramic tile and greatly reduce the generation amount of edge cutting waste.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all similar processes and equivalent variations to those of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a porcelain tile with low firing shrinkage is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
1) uniformly mixing the raw material components of the common porcelain tile according to the proportion, and performing ball milling, spray granulation and grading treatment to obtain wet-process powder;
2) dispersing and grading the recovered ceramic brick waste material to obtain ceramic brick waste powder;
3) putting the wet powder and the ceramic waste brick powder in a continuous mixer according to the mass ratio of 6: 4-9: 1, mixing to obtain mixed powder, and performing grading treatment and ageing treatment to obtain an aged material;
4) pressing and forming the aged decay material to prepare a porcelain brick blank, drying, decorating the surface, and firing at 1150-1250 ℃ for 45-65 min to obtain a finished product;
the grading of the powder particles subjected to grading treatment in the step 1) is that the particle size of more than 20 meshes is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the particle size of 40.0 percent to 40-100 meshes is less than or equal to 60.0 percent, and the particle size of less than 100 meshes is less than or equal to 4.5 percent;
the grading of the powder particles subjected to grading treatment in the step 2) is that the particle size of more than 20 meshes is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the particle size of 40.0 percent to 40-100 meshes is less than or equal to 60.0 percent, and the particle size of less than 100 meshes is less than or equal to 20.0 percent;
the grading of the powder particles subjected to grading treatment in the step 3) is that the particle size of more than 20 meshes is less than or equal to 1.0%, the particle size of 40-100 meshes is less than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 60.0%, and the particle size of less than 100 meshes is less than or equal to 10.0%.
2. The method for preparing a porcelain tile having a low firing shrinkage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water content of the wet powder in the step 1) is 6.0-8.5%.
3. The method for preparing a porcelain tile having a low firing shrinkage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water content of the mixed powder in the step 3) is 5.1-7.0%.
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Effective date of registration: 20211028 Address after: 528000 fan Lake Industrial Park, Leping Town, Sanshui District, Foshan, Guangdong Patentee after: FOSHAN OCEANO CERAMICS Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: GUANGXI OUSHENNUO CERAMIC Co.,Ltd. Address before: 528000 fan Lake Industrial Park, Leping Town, Sanshui District, Foshan, Guangdong Patentee before: FOSHAN OCEANO CERAMICS Co.,Ltd. |
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