CN109483973A - 一种复合式减振吸声结构 - Google Patents
一种复合式减振吸声结构 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
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Abstract
一种复合式减振吸声结构,涉及齿轮箱技术领域,它包括基层、粘弹性层、约束层、吸声层和保护层,基层为齿轮箱箱体,基层外安装粘弹性层,粘弹性层外紧固安装约束层,约束层外安装吸声层,吸声层外安装保护层,吸声层和保护层通过若干个螺栓与约束层紧固连接。本复合式减振吸声结构采用粘弹性层、吸声层、约束层以及保护层的复合式筋板结构,针对行星齿轮箱进行振动抑制,对舰艇齿轮箱减振降噪工作具有重要的意义。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及齿轮箱技术领域,具体涉及一种复合式减振吸声结构。
背景技术:
舰艇作为最具威胁力的水上、水下武器装备,隐蔽性是其战斗力的主要因素。由于声波在水下传播能量损失小,作用距离远,声隐身成为舰船隐身的重要要求。作为舰艇动力设备的主要噪声源之一的齿轮箱,其激励频率成分较单一,极易被声纳识别。因此,针对齿轮传动系统进行振动及噪声隔离尤为重要。
对于高速重载的舰艇齿轮箱,减振降噪措施主要分为两方面。一方面,激励源出发,以减小激励力为目标,对齿轮箱传动齿轮副进行宏观参数优化、微观修形等优化,减小齿轮副动态啮合力。该方法可以有效地较小振动激励力,但优化成本高、优化周期较长;另一方,从振动传递路径出发,以抑制振动传递为目标,增大齿轮箱箱体阻抗或削减振动能量,通常通过布置隔振器、增加实肋板、托板等方法实现对振动传递的抑制。但采用隔振器的形式会使得齿轮箱箱体抬高,本就空间有限的船舱空间变得更加局促,并且隔振器的检修和换装工作繁琐。普通的实肋板、筋板结构,虽具有一定的减振效果,但程度有限。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是为了克服上述现有技术存在的不足之处,而提供一种复合式减振吸声结构,它简单有效地降低舰艇行星齿轮箱传至机脚的振动噪声。
本发明采用的技术方案为:一种复合式减振吸声结构,包括基层、粘弹性层、约束层、吸声层和保护层,基层为齿轮箱箱体,基层外安装粘弹性层,粘弹性层外紧固安装约束层,约束层外安装吸声层,吸声层外安装保护层,吸声层和保护层通过若干个螺栓与约束层紧固连接。
所述的粘弹性层材料为高阻抗的锰基合金粘弹材料。
本发明的有益效果是:本复合式减振吸声结构,采用粘弹性层、吸声层、约束层以及保护层的复合式筋板结构,针对行星齿轮箱进行振动抑制,对舰艇齿轮箱减振降噪工作具有重要的意义。
附图说明:
图1是本发明结构示意图;
图2是本发明局部放大图;
图3是本发明某齿轮箱同一测点在同一激励下的响应对比图。
具体实施方式:
参照各图,一种复合式减振吸声结构,包括基层5、粘弹性层4、约束层3、吸声层2和保护层1,基层5为齿轮箱箱体,基层5外安装粘弹性层4,粘弹性层4外紧固安装约束层3,约束层3外安装吸声层2,吸声层2外安装保护层1,吸声层2和保护层1通过若干个螺栓与约束层3紧固连接。所述的粘弹性层4材料为高阻抗的锰基合金粘弹材料。
在基层5(齿轮箱箱体)上安装一层粘弹性层4(高阻抗的锰基合金粘弹材料)后,再将一层约束刚度很大的弹性材料约束层3安装在粘弹性层4上。当粘弹性层4随着基层5一起弯曲振动而使阻尼层产生拉压变形时,约束层3由于弹性模量远大于阻尼材料的模量,从而使粘弹性层4与基层5接触的部分的拉压变形和与约束层接触部分的拉压变形不相同,粘弹性层4内部产生剪切变形。这样,约束阻尼不仅产生拉压变形,同时还有剪切变形,这两种变形都能起到耗能作用。在约束层3外部附着一层吸声层2及其保护层1,用于抑制行星齿轮箱对外界的声辐射。
其中,粘弹性层4安装在基层5(齿轮箱箱体)上,约束层3紧固安装在粘弹性层4上。针对不同的振动噪声特性,选用相应的阻尼层和约束层厚度及尺寸,通过在行星齿轮箱振动及噪声向外辐射的路径上添加该复合式减振吸声结构,对齿轮箱振动噪声进行抑制。
对比在同一运行工况下齿轮箱上同一个测点位置的振动速度,如图3所示,在齿轮箱主要振动噪声传递路径上加装该复合式结构,可以有效地降低由齿轮箱箱体振动噪声。
综上所述,本复合式减振吸声结构采用粘弹性层4、吸声层2、约束层3以及保护层1的复合式筋板结构,针对行星齿轮箱进行振动抑制,对舰艇齿轮箱减振降噪工作具有重要的意义。
Claims (2)
1.一种复合式减振吸声结构,其特征在于:包括基层(5)、粘弹性层(4)、约束层(3)、吸声层(2)和保护层(1),基层(5)为齿轮箱箱体,基层(5)外安装粘弹性层(4),粘弹性层(4)外紧固安装约束层(3),约束层(3)外安装吸声层(2),吸声层(2)外安装保护层(1),吸声层(2)和保护层(1)通过若干个螺栓与约束层(3)紧固连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合式减振吸声结构,其特征在于:所述的粘弹性层(4)材料为高阻抗的锰基合金粘弹材料。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN201314370Y (zh) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-09-23 | 哈尔滨太阳岛船艇科技开发有限责任公司 | 船艇用双层结构齿轮减速器箱体 |
CN202293483U (zh) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏东旭科技有限公司 | 一种船舶甲板粘弹性复合阻尼减振胶板 |
CN102943840A (zh) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-02-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | 一种用于船舶减振隔音的穿孔约束阻尼结构 |
CN209336209U (zh) * | 2019-01-05 | 2019-09-03 | 哈尔滨广瀚动力传动有限公司 | 一种复合式减振吸声结构 |
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Patent Citations (4)
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CN201314370Y (zh) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-09-23 | 哈尔滨太阳岛船艇科技开发有限责任公司 | 船艇用双层结构齿轮减速器箱体 |
CN202293483U (zh) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏东旭科技有限公司 | 一种船舶甲板粘弹性复合阻尼减振胶板 |
CN102943840A (zh) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-02-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | 一种用于船舶减振隔音的穿孔约束阻尼结构 |
CN209336209U (zh) * | 2019-01-05 | 2019-09-03 | 哈尔滨广瀚动力传动有限公司 | 一种复合式减振吸声结构 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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李德良等: "阻尼材料的发展及其在舰船上的应用", 现代涂料与涂装, vol. 12, no. 02, pages 26 - 28 * |
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