CN109480762A - A kind of retina whole audience OCT imager that relevant door is overlapped with focal plane and dynamically focuses - Google Patents

A kind of retina whole audience OCT imager that relevant door is overlapped with focal plane and dynamically focuses Download PDF

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CN109480762A
CN109480762A CN201811531804.9A CN201811531804A CN109480762A CN 109480762 A CN109480762 A CN 109480762A CN 201811531804 A CN201811531804 A CN 201811531804A CN 109480762 A CN109480762 A CN 109480762A
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lens
focal plane
retina
human eye
overlapped
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CN109480762B (en
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杨亚良
邱悦
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Institute of Optics and Electronics of CAS
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    • A61B3/102—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
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Abstract

The retina whole audience OCT imager, including wideband light source, collimating mirror, the first lens, spectroscope, dichroscope, the second lens, Badal mechanism, the third lens, water column, reference mirror, driver, dispersion compensator, the 4th lens, the 5th lens, detector, motorized precision translation stage and sighting target etc. that the invention discloses a kind of relevant doors to be overlapped with focal plane and dynamically focus.By the Badal mechanism being made of the first lens, spectroscope, dichroscope and the second lens, is moved axially especially by motorized precision translation stage with spectroscope and dichroscope, dynamic focusing is carried out to retina.Second lens front focal length f2, the second lens to human eye dioptric system distance d and human eye dioptric system back focal length fe, meet conditionWhen, it can be achieved that remaining that relevant door is overlapped with focal plane in dynamic focussing process.System structure, control and adjustment of the invention etc. are all greatly simplified, can get the high lateral and high longitudinal resolution OCT image of all layers of retina.

Description

A kind of retina whole audience OCT imager that relevant door is overlapped with focal plane and dynamically focuses
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of OCT imager more particularly to a kind of relevant door to be overlapped with focal plane and dynamically focus Retina whole audience OCT imager.
Background technique
Retina is not only related to that vision obtains and brain cognition (optic nerve is connected with brain) or eye disease and portion The performance window for dividing systemic disease is possible to realize the early detection of lesion by the monitoring to it.Longitudinal knot of retina Structure complex includes from nerve fibre layer to pigment epithelium in the thickness less than 400 μm (different zones thickness is different) About 8 layer tissues and internal limiting membrane, external limiting membrane and Bruch film including cellular layer etc., they have different structural constituents, knot It is configured state and function, requires imaging system that must have very high vertical resolution their observation.
The lateral resolution Δ x of optical coherent chromatographic imaging (Optical coherence tomography, OCT) technology It is mutually indepedent with longitudinal resolution Δ z, it is determined respectively by the bandwidth of the aggregation conditions of light beam and light source, therefore high Δ can be obtained simultaneously X and high Δ z.Using broadband even ultra broadband light source, micron order even the Δ z of submicron order can get.Retina OCT technology hair Exhibition is swift and violent, and a variety of commercialization instruments have been developed and are applied widely in the basic research and clinical diagnosis of ophthalmology.But Existing retina OCT system (including AO-OCT system), that there are still many structure observation effects is undesirable, does not observe even The problem of.Other than echo signal is faint and comparison deficiency etc. is difficult to the intrinsic factor changed, imaging system itself there are problem, Such as: without longitudinal register ability and lack of resolution, even more our principal elements that should consider.Without longitudinal register ability, it is Refer to that focal plane is always located on visual cell's layer, and is unable to the other layers of clear view by sighting target induction and human eye self-regulation effect.
As shown in figure 3, the Δ x and depth of focus b of optical image technology are conflicts, high Δ x will lead to short b.Such as: view Film OCT image need to only consider that maximum when low order aberration influences (can correct by straightforward procedure) enters frequently with 1060nm wave band Pupil beam diameter D is about 2.5mm (for low numerical aperture NA imaging), then has x=9 μm and b=120 μm of Δ；Using retina AO- When OCT technology carries out cell grade resolution imaging, frequently with D=6mm (for high NA imaging), then there are x=3.8 μm of Δ and b=21 μ m；B cannot cover retinal thickness in the case of two kinds (close to 400 μm).In addition, Δ x is not constant, the highest at focal plane (numerical value minimum), leaves that the remoter decline of focal plane is more significant, and high NA is especially serious when being imaged.
Bezier illumination is to solve one of contradictory method of Δ x and b, it can obtain high Δ x and long b and Δ x in length simultaneously It is remained unchanged within the scope of b, this method can be used for Fourier OCT technology.But optical path adjusting is relative complex and the extension meeting of b Cause the optical power density of incident sample to decline, brightness of image and signal-to-noise ratio are declined.
Dynamic focus technique is to solve the contradictory another method of Δ x and b, and the highest focal plane of Δ x can be made to be scanned across sample Full depth range.OCT technology has the relevant door for playing " filtering ", it is located in sample and reference arm equivalent optical path Position at, the range of thresholding, i.e. coherence length Δ l are determined by the bandwidth Delta lambda of light source, up to micron dimension；Only come from phase Photon within dry thresholding just participates in imaging, and the photon other than relevant door is then filtered out.If making phase in dynamic focussing process Dry door is remained with focal plane to be overlapped, i.e., only receives very thin one layer of the photon at focal plane in sample and carry out OCT image, then All layers of sample of high Δ x image can be obtained by dynamic focusing；In conjunction with the high vertical resolution that OCT technology has, All layers of sample interior of high Δ x and high Δ z image can be obtained.Realize that relevant door is overlapped with focal plane holding, it usually needs Two sets of movement mechanisms with reference mirror and microcobjective synchronization action and meet condition n respectivelyairΔlr=nsamΔlf, in which: ΔlrWith Δ lfThe respectively amount of movement of reference mirror and focal plane, nairAnd nsamThe respectively refractive index of air and sample.
Dynamic focus technique is only applicable to time domain OCT technology；Axial scan of the Fourier OCT technology without reference to light beam The all information in sample depth direction can be obtained, therefore cannot be used.Point by point scanning imaging mode in time domain OCT technology, because The disadvantages such as speed is slow and signal-to-noise ratio is low, have had dropped out stage；It can be obtained without transverse direction (in X-Y plane) scanning two-dimentional in cross section The whole audience (Full-field) OCT technology of image, because image taking speed is relatively fast, signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high, system controls and letter Number processing is simple, high NA can be used carries out high Δ x imaging and the advantages that implementable dynamic is focused, and is concerned by people.Depending on Nethike embrane whole audience OCT technology it has been reported that and get more and more attention, it is contemplated that more researchs and application report will be had from now on.But It yet there are no the combination of itself and dynamic focus technique, let alone remain what relevant door was overlapped with focal plane in dynamic focussing process Characteristic, therefore existing retina whole audience OCT system cannot obtain all layers of retina of high Δ x image.
The self-adjusting ability that human eye has may will affect the implementation of dynamic focusing, the measure taken thus are as follows: 1) be Subject provides fixation sighting target and acquires data using quick camera, so that subject is not self-regulated in shorter imaging time； 2) such as preceding method is ineffective, then implements paralysis accommodation to subject with liquid medicine such as Tropicamide eye drops, keeps subject temporary Regulating power is lost, this method is the common method on clinical ophthalmology, securely and reliably.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of with dynamic focusing function Living human eye retina whole audience OCT image system, which has remains relevant door and burnt in dynamic focussing process The characteristic that face is overlapped can get the OCT image of the high Δ x and high Δ z of all layers of retina；Especially by a Badal mechanism It is laid out with special system structure, is realized when meeting specified conditions.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of relevant door is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused Retina whole audience OCT imager, comprising: wideband light source, collimating mirror, the first lens, spectroscope, dichroscope, the second lens, Badal mechanism, water column, reference mirror, driver, translation stage, dispersion compensator, the 4th lens, the 5th lens, is visited the third lens Survey device, bottom plate, motorized precision translation stage, sighting target, the 6th lens and the 7th lens；
After the light beam that wideband light source issues is collimated mirror collimation, through the first lens entrance spectroscope, the mirror that is split reflection Part be sample beam, transmission part be reference beam；Sample beam successively passes through dispersion compensator, anti-by dichroscope It penetrates and after the second lens, is focused on retina by human eye dioptric system；Reference beam passes through the third lens and water column Afterwards, the reference mirror of incident installation on a drive, driver are fixed on translation stage again；By retina backtracking to spectroscope Sample beam, enter end of probe through spectroscopical part；By reference mirror backtracking to spectroscopical reference beam, divided The part of light microscopic reflection enters end of probe；In end of probe, sample beam and reference beam are after the 4th lens, by the 5th lens It focuses on detector；
First lens, spectroscope, dichroscope and the second lens constitute Badal mechanism；Spectroscope, dichroscope, third Lens, water column, reference mirror, driver, translation stage, dispersion compensator, the 4th lens, the 5th lens and detector, are mounted on bottom On plate, bottom plate is fixed on motorized precision translation stage again；
The light beam that sighting target issues is by after the 6th collimated, successively after the 7th lens, dichroscope and the second lens, It is focused on retina by human eye dioptric system.
The Badal mechanism is for adjusting the position that light beam is focused by human eye dioptric system, especially by electric translation Platform moves with spectroscope and dichroscope along optical axis, come change after the first lens between focus and the second lens front focus away from It is realized from Δ p；The front focal length for enabling the second lens is f2It is φ=1/f with diopter2, the second lens to human eye dioptric system Distance is d and remains unchanged, the back focal length of human eye dioptric system is feAnd position of focal plane knots modification is Δ fe, motorized precision translation stage Amount of movement is Δ b and has the mean refractive index of Δ p=2 Δ b and human eye to be ne, human eye diopter is caused by the adjusting of Badal mechanism Knots modification V=- (φ2Δp)/[1-φΔp(1-φd)]；When meeting f2When=d, V=- (1/f2 2) (2 Δ b)=- (ne/ fe 2)Δfe, obtain relational expression Δ fe=(fe/f2)2(2Δb/ne), therefore by the movement of motorized precision translation stage, it can be achieved that human eye dioptric The dynamic of system is focused.
The spectroscope is to the focal plane of human eye dioptric system and to the optical distance between reference mirror, respectively sample Arm light path and reference arm light path adjust reference arm light path with reference mirror axial movement by translation stage, when on detector go out When existing extremely strong sparse interference fringe, show that reference arm light path with sample arm equivalent optical path, realizes relevant door and focal plane It is overlapped, the whole audience OCT image obtained at this time has highest Δ x, and hereafter translation stage no longer moves, keeps reference arm light path not Become；When carrying out the dynamic focusing of human eye dioptric system by Badal mechanism, the change of sample arm light path includes Δ b and neΔfeTwo Point, the two is contrary, can be allowed to cancel out each other to keep sample arm light path constant, therefore work as | Δ b |=| neΔfe| when, and tie Close relational expression Δ fe=(fe/f2)2(2Δb/ne), the condition for obtaining to meet isRelevant door can be realized at this time It remains and is overlapped in dynamic focussing process with focal plane.
While the Badal mechanism implements dynamic focusing to human eye dioptric system, done by driver with reference mirror The operation such as phase shift or carrier frequency, to obtain the whole audience OCT image of retina.
Collimating mirror, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the 4th lens and the 5th lens, to broadband light The wide spectrum wave band that source issues carries out achromat-design；The front focus of the third lens and the 4th lens, and after the first lens Focus is overlapped.
The spectroscope is the broadband spectroscope that energy splitting ratio is 50:50；Dichroscope reflection is sent out by wideband light source Imaging beam out and penetrate the fixation light beam issued by sighting target.
The third lens and the second lens are a pair of identical lens, to mutually compensate dispersion；Light beam is in human eye Dispersion caused by transmitting is compensated by water column, and dispersion caused by the sealed window piece of water column both ends is then compensated by dispersion compensator.
The sighting target is the light emitting array of LED light or other light sources, plays visual field guidance and fixation；Thoroughly by the 7th Mirror is moved along optical axis and is focused, and makes sighting target by the clear observation of subject；When whole audience OCT image, subject is loosened and is stared on sighting target Luminous point it is motionless, until imaging terminate；By lighting the lamp of sighting target array different zones, subject eyeball is rotated with it, thus Whole audience OCT image is carried out to corresponding retinal area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) present invention proposes to be laid out and meeting using the common Badal mechanism of field of ophthalmology, in conjunction with ingenious system structure When specified conditions, to realize dynamic focusing and remain that relevant door is overlapped with focal plane.Badal mechanism bends commonly used in human eye The adjusting of light not timing, it is therefore an objective to focus light beam on the retina, but and have no that it is used to dynamically focus.It is easy in principle Associating Badal mechanism can be used for dynamically focusing, but realize that only using a movement mechanism carries out dynamic focusing and adjusting The target that relevant door is overlapped with focal plane is remained during burnt, must be just laid out in conjunction with system structure proposed by the present invention and full The specific condition of foot, it may be assumed that the second lens front focal length f2, the second lens to human eye dioptric system distance d and human eye dioptric system Back focal length fe, need to meet
2) present invention can obtain the OCT image of all layers of retina of high Δ x and high Δ z.Most due to the Δ x at focal plane Height, and the present invention has dynamic focusing function and remains that relevant door is overlapped with focal plane in focussing process, therefore can get view All layers of nethike embrane of high Δ x image.With dynamic focusing function, therefore this system can carry out high NA imaging, to obtain higher Δ x Image.Conventional OCT systems do not have aforementioned features, are typically only capable to carry out low NA imaging to obtain longer b, thus Δ x it is lower, And the Δ x of different layers is variation --- it is more significant to leave the remoter decline of focal plane for highest (numerical value is minimum) at focal plane.High Δ z It is the ability that OCT technology itself has, is realized by using broad spectrum light source.
3) system structure of the invention, control and adjustment etc. are all greatly simplified, facilitate reduce system dimension, reduce at This and raising imaging effect etc..The operations such as phase shift or carrier frequency are done to extract sample message with reference mirror by driver, are all Necessary to whole audience OCT system, the present invention is no exception.In addition to this, the present invention only uses one fitness machine of motorized precision translation stage Structure is achieved that relevant door keeps the purpose being overlapped and dynamic is focused with focal plane.And conventional OCT system dynamic is focused, usually Reference mirror and focus adjusting mechanism synchronization action are needed, and meets condition nairΔlr=nsamΔlfIt is overlapped to keep being concerned with door with focal plane, In: Δ lrWith Δ lfThe respectively amount of movement of reference mirror and focal plane, nairAnd nsamThe respectively refractive index of air and sample, therefore It needs two movement mechanisms and needs synchronously control each other and meet specific quantitative relation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure for the retina whole audience OCT imager that a kind of relevant door of the present invention is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Badal mechanism and parameter definition used in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the parameter schematic diagram that light beam is focused in sample.
In figure: 1. wideband light sources, 2. collimating mirrors, 3. first lens, 4. spectroscopes, 5. dichroscopes, 6. second lens, 7.Badal mechanism, 8. human eye dioptric systems, 9. retinas, 10. the third lens, 11. water columns, 12. reference mirrors, 13. drivers, 14. translation stage, 15. dispersion compensators, 16. the 4th lens, 17. the 5th lens, 18. detectors, 19. bottom plates, 20. electric translations Platform, 21. sighting targets, 22. the 6th lens, 23. the 7th lens.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of relevant door proposed by the present invention be overlapped with focal plane and dynamic focus retina whole audience OCT at As instrument, comprising: wideband light source 1, collimating mirror 2, the first lens 3, spectroscope 4, dichroscope 5, the second lens 6, Badal mechanism 7, The third lens 10, water column 11, reference mirror 12, driver 13, translation stage 14, dispersion compensator 15, the 4th lens 16, the 5th lens 17, detector 18, bottom plate 19, motorized precision translation stage 20, sighting target 21, the 6th lens 22 and the 7th lens 23.
After the light beam that wideband light source 1 issues is collimated the collimation of mirror 2, through the incident spectroscope 4 of the first lens 3, the mirror 4 that is split is anti- The part penetrated be sample beam, transmission part be reference beam.Sample beam successively passes through dispersion compensator 15, by dichroic Mirror 5 reflects and after the second lens 6, is focused on retina 9 by human eye dioptric system 8；Reference beam passes through the third lens 10 and water column 11 after, incidence is mounted on reference mirror 12 on driver 13, and driver 13 is fixed on translation stage 14 again.By retina 9 retroreflections and scattering, by backtracking to the sample beam of spectroscope 4, enter end of probe through the part of spectroscope 4；Quilt Reference mirror 12 reflect after, by backtracking to the reference beam of spectroscope 4, the mirror 4 that is split reflection part enter end of probe.? End of probe, sample beam and reference beam are focused on the photosurface of detector 18 by the 5th lens 17 after the 4th lens 16 On.
First lens 3, spectroscope 4, dichroscope 5 and the second lens 6 constitute Badal mechanism 7, wherein spectroscope 4 and two Play a part of reflecting mirror to Look mirror 5.Spectroscope 4, dichroscope 5, the third lens 10, water column 11, reference mirror 12, driver 13, translation stage 14, dispersion compensator 15, the 4th lens 16, the 5th lens 17 and detector 18, are mounted on bottom plate 19, bottom plate 19 are fixed on again on motorized precision translation stage 20, are moved integrally by motorized precision translation stage 20 with the device on bottom plate 19.For Badal For mechanism 7, it is exactly that motorized precision translation stage 20 is mobile with the spectroscope 4 and dichroscope 5 for playing reflecting mirror, forms one Reflective Badal mechanism.
Collimating mirror 2, the first lens 3, the second lens 6, the third lens 10, the 4th lens 16 and the 5th lens 17, to width Achromat-design is carried out with the wide spectrum wave band that light source 1 issues.The preceding coke of the front focus of the third lens 10 and the 4th lens 16 Point is overlapped with the rear focus of the first lens 3.Spectroscope 4 is the broadband spectroscope that energy splitting ratio is 50:50.Dichroscope 5 It reflects the whole audience OCT image light beam issued by wideband light source 1 and penetrates the fixation light beam issued by sighting target 21.
The dispersion mismatch of sample beam and reference beam will lead to the sharply decline of Δ z, therefore need to carry out dispersion compensation, tool Body are as follows: the third lens 10 and the second lens 6 are a pair of identical lens, to mutually compensate dispersion；Light beam transmits in human eye to be drawn The dispersion risen is compensated by water column 11, and dispersion caused by 11 both ends sealed window piece of water column is then compensated by dispersion compensator 15.
While Badal mechanism 7 implements dynamic focusing to human eye dioptric system 8, by driver 13 with reference mirror 12 Do the operation such as phase shift or carrier frequency and by detector 18 acquire corresponding interference signal, the processing of shifted again or carrier frequency scheduling algorithm Lai Obtain the whole audience OCT image of retina 9.Method for extracting signal in relation to whole audience OCT technology is the mature technology of this field, this Invention is not repeated.
Whole audience OCT technology can be obtained two dimensional image in cross section without transversal scanning, therefore the present invention is not provided with laterally sweeping Retouch mechanism.It when the different transverse areas of retina 9 need to be imaged, can be realized by visual field guidance, subject is additionally needed to exist Keep eyeball motionless in imaging process, therefore the present invention is provided with visual field guidance and fixation optical system, specifically: sighting target 21 issues Light beam by the 6th lens 22 collimation after, successively after the 7th lens 23, dichroscope 5 and the second lens 6, by human eye dioptric System 8 focuses on retina 9.Sighting target 21 is the light emitting array of LED light or other light sources.It is moved by the 7th lens 23 along optical axis It is dynamic to focus, sighting target 21 can be made by the clear observation of subject.Complete relaxation state and view is stared at when whole audience OCT image, at subject Luminous point on mark 21 is motionless, until imaging terminates.By lighting the lamp of 21 array different zones of sighting target, subject eyeball turns therewith It is dynamic, to carry out whole audience OCT image to corresponding retinal area.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Badal mechanism 7 used in the present invention and parameter definition.Badal mechanism 7 is for adjusting light beam The position focused by human eye dioptric system 8 is moved with spectroscope 4 and dichroscope 5 along optical axis especially by motorized precision translation stage 20 It moves, realized to change after the first lens 3 the distance between 6 front focus of focus and the second lens Δ p.Before enabling the second lens 6 Focal length is f2It is φ=1/f with diopter2, the second lens 6 to human eye dioptric system 8 distance be d and remain unchanged, human eye bend The back focal length of photosystem 8 is feAnd position of focal plane knots modification is Δ fe, motorized precision translation stage 20 amount of movement be Δ b and to have Δ p=2 The mean refractive index of Δ b and human eye is ne, according to M Reddikumar et al. document (Optical coherence tomography with a 2.8-mm beam diameter and sensorless defocus and astigmatism Correction.Journal ofBiomedical Optics, 2017,22 (2), 026005.) in formula, by Badal machine Structure 7, which is adjusted, causes the knots modification of human eye diopter to be V=- (φ2Δp)/[1-φΔp(1-φd)].When meeting f2When=d, V =-(1/f2 2) (2 Δ b)=- (ne/fe 2)Δfe, obtain relational expression Δ fe=(fe/f2)2(2Δb/ne), therefore pass through electric translation The movement of platform 20 is, it can be achieved that the dynamic of human eye dioptric system 8 is focused.
Spectroscope 4 is to the focal plane of human eye dioptric system 8 and to the optical distance between reference mirror 12, respectively sample arm Light path and reference arm light path.It is moved axially with reference mirror 12 to adjust reference arm light path, when detector 18 by translation stage 14 When the extremely strong sparse interference fringe of upper appearance, show that reference arm light path with sample arm equivalent optical path, realizes relevant door and coke The coincidence in face, the OCT image obtained at this time have highest Δ x, and hereafter translation stage 14 no longer moves, keeps reference arm light path It is constant.When carrying out the dynamic focusing of human eye dioptric system 8 by Badal mechanism 7, the change of sample arm light path includes Δ b and ne ΔfeTwo parts, the two is contrary, can be allowed to cancel out each other to keep sample arm light path constant.Therefore work as | Δ b |=| neΔfe| When, and marriage relation formula Δ fe=(fe/f2)2(2Δb/ne), the condition for obtaining to meet isIt can realize at this time Relevant door remains in dynamic focussing process with focal plane to be overlapped.
It is noted that 10 front focus of the third lens and the first lens 3 can be changed when Badal mechanism 7 implements dynamic focusing The distance between focus afterwards causes the reference optical signal intensity for being back to detector 18 by reference mirror 12 to change.But it is corresponding Retinal tissue, required focusing range are no more than 400 μm, mean refractive index ne≈ 1.33, therefore corresponding retina range imaging Thus the amount of movement Δ b of required motorized precision translation stage 20 causes the variation of reference optical signal intensity negligible not less than 270 μm Meter.
Fig. 3 be light beam be focused in the parameter schematic diagram in sample, for illustrate implement dynamic focusing and relevant door with The benefit that focal plane is overlapped.The Δ x and b of optical imaging system are conflicts, and high Δ x will lead to short b.Such as: retina OCT at As frequently with 1060nm wave band, when only considering that low order aberration influences (can correct by straightforward procedure), maximum entrance pupil beam diameter D Frequently with 2.5mm (for low NA imaging), then there is x=9 μm and b=120 μm of Δ；Cell class resolution ratio is carried out using AO-OCT technology When imaging, D then has x=3.8 μm and b=21 μm of Δ frequently with 6mm (for high NA imaging)；B cannot cover view in the case of two kinds Web caliper (close to 400 μm).In addition, Δ x is not constant --- it is remoter to leave focal plane for highest (numerical value is minimum) at focal plane Decline is more significant, and high NA is particularly acute when being imaged.Symbol in unmentioned figure in text is defined as: λ0For the middle cardiac wave of light source Long, Δ λ is full width at half maximum (FWHM) value of source power spectrum.The coherence length Δ l of light source corresponds to the vertical of OCT image system To resolution ax z.
The relevant door of OCT technology plays filter action, it is located in sample and at the position of reference arm equivalent optical path, thresholding Range, i.e. coherence length Δ l, are determined by Δ λ, up to micron dimension.Photon only within relevant thresholding just participate at Picture, the photon other than relevant door are then filtered out.The present invention remains relevant door with focal plane to be overlapped, i.e., only reception from sample As soon as very thin layer of photon carries out OCT image at interior focal plane, schemed by the high Δ x that dynamic focusing can obtain all layers of retina Picture.
The present invention only need to carry out dynamic to human eye dioptric system 8 by Badal mechanism 7 without reference to light beam axial scan Focusing is achieved that axial scan of the focal plane on retina 9, therefore can get the high Δ x image of 9 all layers of retina；Again In conjunction with the high vertical resolution that OCT technology itself has, to can get the high Δ x and the high Δ z whole audience of 9 all layers of retina OCT image.
Above-mentioned specific embodiment is used to illustrate the present invention, rather than limits the invention.Of the invention In spirit and scope of protection of the claims, to any modifications and changes that the present invention makes, protection model of the invention is both fallen within It encloses.

Claims (8)

  1. The retina whole audience OCT imager that 1. a kind of relevant door is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused, it is characterised in that: including broadband Light source (1), collimating mirror (2), the first lens (3), spectroscope (4), dichroscope (5), the second lens (6), Badal mechanism (7), The third lens (10), water column (11), reference mirror (12), driver (13), translation stage (14), dispersion compensator (15), the 4th are thoroughly Mirror (16), the 5th lens (17), detector (18), bottom plate (19), motorized precision translation stage (20), sighting target (21), the 6th lens (22) With the 7th lens (23)；Wherein:
    After the light beam that wideband light source (1) issues is collimated mirror (2) collimation, through the incident spectroscope (4) of the first lens (3), it is split Mirror (4) reflection part be sample beam, transmission part be reference beam；Sample beam successively passes through dispersion compensator (15), it is reflected by dichroscope (5) and after the second lens (6), retina (9) is focused on by human eye dioptric system (8) On；For reference beam after the third lens (10) and water column (11), incidence is mounted on the reference mirror (12) on driver (13), drives Dynamic device (13) are fixed on again on translation stage (14)；By the sample beam of retina (9) backtracking to spectroscope (4), through point The part of light microscopic (4) enters end of probe；By the reference beam of reference mirror (12) backtracking to spectroscope (4), the mirror that is split (4) The part of reflection enters end of probe；In end of probe, sample beam and reference beam are after the 4th lens (16), by the 5th lens (17) it focuses on detector (18)；
    First lens (3), spectroscope (4), dichroscope (5) and the second lens (6) are constituted Badal mechanism (7)；Spectroscope (4), dichroscope (5), the third lens (10), water column (11), reference mirror (12), driver (13), translation stage (14), dispersion are mended Device (15), the 4th lens (16), the 5th lens (17) and detector (18) are repaid, is mounted on bottom plate (19), bottom plate (19) is solid again It is scheduled on motorized precision translation stage (20)；
    Sighting target (21) issue light beam by the 6th lens (22) collimation after, successively by the 7th lens (23), dichroscope (5) and After second lens (6), focused on retina (9) by human eye dioptric system (8).
  2. The retina whole audience OCT imager that 2. a kind of relevant door according to claim 1 is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused, It is characterized by: the Badal mechanism (7) is used to adjust the position that light beam is focused by human eye dioptric system (8), especially by Motorized precision translation stage (20) moves with spectroscope (4) and dichroscope (5) along optical axis, come change the first lens (3) afterwards focus and The distance between second lens (6) front focus Δ p is realized；The front focal length for enabling the second lens (6) is f2With diopter be φ= 1/f2, the second lens (6) to human eye dioptric system (8) distance be d and to remain unchanged, the back focal length of human eye dioptric system (8) For feAnd position of focal plane knots modification is Δ fe, motorized precision translation stage (20) amount of movement be Δ b and have the flat of Δ p=2 Δ b and human eye Equal refractive index is ne, the knots modification V=- (φ for causing human eye diopter is adjusted by Badal mechanism (7)2Δp)/[1-φΔp(1- φd)]；When meeting f2When=d, V=- (1/f2 2) (2 Δ b)=- (ne/fe 2)Δfe, obtain relational expression Δ fe=(fe/f2)2(2Δ b/ne), therefore by the movement of motorized precision translation stage (20), it can be achieved that the dynamic of human eye dioptric system (8) is focused.
  3. The retina whole audience OCT image that 3. a kind of relevant door according to claim 1 or 2 is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused Instrument, it is characterised in that: the focal plane of the spectroscope (4) to human eye dioptric system (8) and to the optics between reference mirror (12) Distance, respectively sample arm light path and reference arm light path are moved axially by translation stage (14) with reference mirror (12) to adjust Reference arm light path, when there is extremely strong sparse interference fringe on detector (18), show reference arm light path with sample ami light Journey is equal, realizes being overlapped for relevant door and focal plane, and the whole audience OCT image obtained at this time has highest lateral resolution Δ x, Hereafter translation stage (14) no longer moves, keeps reference arm light path constant；Human eye dioptric system is carried out by Badal mechanism (7) (8) when dynamic is focused, the change of sample arm light path includes Δ b and neΔfeTwo parts, the two is contrary, can be allowed to mutually support Disappear to keep sample arm light path constant, therefore work as | Δ b |=| neΔfe| when, and marriage relation formula Δ fe=(fe/f2)2(2Δb/ ne), the condition for obtaining to meet isIt can realize that relevant door and focal plane are protected always in dynamic focussing process at this time Prudent conjunction.
  4. The retina whole audience OCT imager that 4. a kind of relevant door according to claim 1 is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused, It is characterized by: while the Badal mechanism (7) implements dynamic focusing to human eye dioptric system (8), by driver (13) The operation such as phase shift or carrier frequency is done with reference mirror (12), to obtain the whole audience OCT image of retina (9).
  5. The retina whole audience OCT imager that 5. a kind of relevant door according to claim 1 is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused, It is characterized by: the collimating mirror (2), the first lens (3), the second lens (6), the third lens (10), the 4th lens (16) With the 5th lens (17), achromat-design is carried out to the wide spectrum wave band that wideband light source (1) issues；The third lens (10) and The front focus of four lens (16) is overlapped with the rear focus of the first lens (3).
  6. The retina whole audience OCT imager that 6. a kind of relevant door according to claim 1 is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused, It is characterized by: the spectroscope (4) is the broadband spectroscope that energy splitting ratio is 50:50；Dichroscope (5) is reflected by width The fixation light beam issued by sighting target (21) is penetrated with the imaging beam that light source (1) issues.
  7. The retina whole audience OCT imager that 7. a kind of relevant door according to claim 1 is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused, It is characterized by: the third lens (10) and the second lens (6) are a pair of identical lens, to mutually compensate dispersion；Light Dispersion caused by beam transmits in human eye is compensated by water column (11), and dispersion caused by the sealed window piece of water column (11) both ends is then by color Dispersion compensator (15) compensation.
  8. The retina whole audience OCT imager that 8. a kind of relevant door according to claim 1 is overlapped with focal plane and dynamic is focused, It is characterized by: the sighting target (21) is the light emitting array of LED light or other light sources, play visual field guidance and fixation；It is logical It crosses the 7th lens (23) and is moved along optical axis and focused, make sighting target (21) by the clear observation of subject；When whole audience OCT image, subject Loosen and the luminous point stared on sighting target (21) is motionless, until imaging terminates；By lighting sighting target (21) array different zones Lamp, subject eyeball rotates with it, to carry out whole audience OCT image to corresponding retinal area.
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