CN112493982A - OCT structure and blood flow imaging's device in art - Google Patents
OCT structure and blood flow imaging's device in art Download PDFInfo
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- CN112493982A CN112493982A CN202011329595.7A CN202011329595A CN112493982A CN 112493982 A CN112493982 A CN 112493982A CN 202011329595 A CN202011329595 A CN 202011329595A CN 112493982 A CN112493982 A CN 112493982A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/102—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
- A61B3/1241—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes specially adapted for observation of ocular blood flow, e.g. by fluorescein angiography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/361—Image-producing devices, e.g. surgical cameras
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/364—Correlation of different images or relation of image positions in respect to the body
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for imaging an OCT structure and blood flow in an operation. The optical surgical microscope imaging optical path is used for amplifying and acquiring tissue surface information of a surgical object in real time; the system comprises an OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path, a three-dimensional structure of a later operation object and a blood flow signal; the optical coupling module is used for connecting and coupling an optical surgical microscope imaging optical path and an OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path, so that an imaging object plane and an imaging center position are superposed; the microscope objective is coupled between the microscope objective and the variable-magnification group lens of the optical operation microscope, or the variable-magnification group lens and the microscope objective are coupled between the variable-magnification group lens and the microscope eyepiece of the optical operation microscope. The invention can obtain the tissue structure and the imaging result in the blood perfusion operation without wound, contact and real time with high resolution while maintaining the original function of the optical operation microscope, thereby realizing the visualization of the tissue structure, the blood perfusion and the operation instrument with three-dimensional high resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to the field of medical equipment technology, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for intraoperative OCT structure and blood flow imaging combining Optical surgery microscopy, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA).
Technical Field
With the development of ophthalmic medicine, ophthalmic surgery rescues and improves the vision of tens of thousands of patients every year. Due to the delicate and fragile nature of the eye and the high dependency of vision on small structural changes in the eye, ophthalmic surgery is difficult, risky, and complicated, and failure of the surgery may cause permanent damage to the eye.
In order to accurately guide surgical instruments and improve the safety and success rate of surgery, depth information feedback of the interior of tissues is required in the ophthalmic surgery process, and the information cannot be generally acquired through a common surgical microscope. The optical coherence tomography technology has the advantages of no mark, non-contact, non-invasive, real-time, high sensitivity, high resolution and the like, and can provide biological tissue depth information with micron-scale spatial resolution. The current surgical microscope device integrated with OCT is called intraoperative optical coherence tomography (ihct), and can simultaneously acquire surface information and internal depth information of a surgical object.
However, because of the low contrast between capillary vessels and retinal tissue in OCT, current intraoperative OCT applications are limited to structural imaging, lacking intraoperative real-time ocular blood flow imaging studies. In fact, the real-time ocular blood perfusion is also an important intraoperative information to improve the success rate of the surgery. For example, in ophthalmic laser surgery, real-time blood flow imaging helps surgeons observe the perfusion of the ocular blood flow, and precisely locate the areas of non-perfusion or retinal neovascularization for performing the surgery. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCTA), a functional extension of OCT technology, allows visualization of blood vessels by contrast in motion between red blood cells and surrounding tissue, providing non-invasive, label-free, three-dimensional blood flow perfusion results at the capillary level. After the OCTA technology is introduced into a surgical microscope system, the defect that the blood flow imaging in the operation is not available at present can be supplemented, and the ophthalmic operation can be better monitored and navigated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for imaging an OCT structure and blood flow in an operation. The invention is based on an optical operation microscope, introduces an OCT structure and a blood flow imaging technology into the operation, obtains a tissue structure with non-wound, non-contact, real-time and high resolution and an imaging result in the blood flow perfusion operation while keeping the functions of the original optical operation microscope, further better monitors and navigates the ophthalmic operation, and improves the safety and the success rate of the operation.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path is used for amplifying and acquiring the tissue surface information of a surgical object in real time;
the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path is used for three-dimensional structure and blood flow signals of a later operation object;
the optical coupling module is used for connecting and coupling the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path and the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path.
The imaging object plane of the optical operation microscope imaging optical path and the imaging object plane of the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path are overlapped through the optical coupling module, and the imaging center position is also overlapped.
The optical coupling module includes, but is not limited to, coupling using a mirror or coupling using a dichroic mirror.
The optical coupling module:
coupling the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path between a microscope objective and a zoom group lens of the optical operation microscope, wherein the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path and the optical operation microscope optical path share the microscope objective;
or the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path is coupled between the zoom group lens and the microscope eyepiece of the optical operation microscope, and the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path and the optical operation microscope optical path share the zoom group lens and the microscope objective.
The system diagram of this case is shown in fig. 4, in which 32 in the optical coupling module is a dichroic mirror, and the names of the labels of the rest of the parts are the same as the original names. The coupling pattern in the three figures is generally consistent in effect, all in order to allow simultaneous focusing of the surgical microscope and OCT beams. The embodiment is described only with reference to fig. 2.
The device also comprises a computer module and a display module; the optical operation microscope imaging optical path and the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path are both connected to a computer module, and the computer module is connected to a display module.
The computer module is used for controlling the operation states of the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging device in the operation, collecting and processing OCT signals of the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging module, and generating an OCT three-dimensional structure and a blood flow imaging result in real time;
and the display module is used for displaying the imaging result of the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path, the OCT structure imaging result and the blood perfusion result in real time.
The optical operation microscope imaging light path comprises a microscope objective, a zoom group lens, a microscope eyepiece, a camera and an 50/50 beam splitter; the sample object, the microscope objective, the zoom group lens and the microscope eyepiece are arranged at one time along the optical axis of the same vertical straight line, the sample object can be an operation sample eye in specific implementation, 50/50 beam splitters are arranged on the optical axis between the zoom group lens and the microscope eyepiece, a camera is arranged on the side of the 50/50 beam splitters and connected with a computer module;
the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path comprises an SLD light source, an 80:20 optical fiber coupler, a polarization controller, a reference arm collimating lens, a reference arm focusing lens, a reference arm reflecting mirror, a sample arm collimating lens, an OCT scanning device, a spectrometer and a camera thereof; the OCT scanning device is used for controlling the scanning range and the scanning mode of the blood flow imaging optical path of the OCT structure; the SLD light source is connected to one input end at one side of an 80:20 optical fiber coupler, the other port at one side of the 80:20 optical fiber coupler is connected with a computer module through a spectrometer and a camera thereof, one port at the other side of the 80:20 optical fiber coupler is connected with a reference arm collimating mirror through a polarization controller, the reference arm collimating mirror, a reference arm focusing lens and a reference arm reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis, and the polarization controller, the reference arm collimating mirror, the reference arm focusing lens and the reference arm reflecting mirror form a reference arm; the other port on the other side of the 20: 20 optical fiber coupler is connected with a sample arm collimating lens, an OCT scanning device is arranged on the side of the sample arm collimating lens, the sample arm collimating lens and the OCT scanning device form a reference arm, and an optical coupling module is arranged between the OCT scanning device and an imaging optical path of an optical operation microscope;
the optical coupling module comprises a coupling module relay optical path and a coupling module reflector, the coupling module relay optical path and the coupling module reflector are sequentially arranged between the OCT scanning device and the microscope objective of the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path, and the coupling module reflector is positioned between the microscope objective of the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path and the zoom group lens.
The OCT scanning device is a galvanometer.
The OCT structural blood flow imaging beam is emitted by an SLD light source and transmitted to an 80:20 optical fiber coupler through an optical fiber, so that the imaging beam respectively enters a polarization controller and a sample arm collimating lens according to the light intensity proportion of 20% and 80%, the OCT structural blood flow imaging beam entering the polarization controller is focused to a reference arm reflecting mirror and then reflected to form a reference beam through a reference arm collimating mirror and a reference arm focusing lens, and the reference beam returns to the 80:20 optical fiber coupler in the original path; after passing through an OCT scanning device, an OCT structural blood flow imaging beam entering a sample arm collimating lens enters a relay light path of a coupling module to be expanded and optimized, then enters a microscope objective of an optical operation microscope after being reflected by a light path coupling module reflector, is focused to a sample object by the microscope objective to be reflected to form a beam carrying sample object information, and returns to an 80:20 optical fiber coupler after sequentially passing through the light path coupling module reflector, the coupling module relay light path, the OCT scanning device and the sample arm collimating lens in an original path of the beam carrying the sample object information;
and the light beam carrying the sample object information and the reference light beam generate low-coherence interference signals after returning to the 80:20 optical fiber coupler, and then enter the spectrometer and the linear array camera thereof, and further enter the computer module for OCT detection and blood flow imaging.
The OCT imaging system is characterized in that the transverse resolution of an OCT structure and blood flow imaging is optimized through the design of a relay light path of a coupling module in the light path coupling module, the caliber of an OCT imaging light beam is enlarged through installing a beam expanding lens group in the relay light path, the matching degree of the dispersion of the blood flow imaging light path of the OCT structure is optimized through a dispersion compensator, and then the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging quality are improved.
The relay optical path of the coupling module particularly comprises a dispersion compensator and two groups of beam expanding lenses, and the relay optical path of the coupling module optimizes the optical path of an OCT sample arm through dispersion compensation of the dispersion compensator and beam expansion of the two groups of beam expanding lenses in sequence, so that the transverse resolution of OCT imaging is improved, the matching degree of the dispersion of the blood flow imaging optical path of an OCT structure is optimized, and the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging quality are improved.
The specific processing process of optical path optimization is as follows: in optical design and simulation software, a light beam, a relay optical path and a microscope objective model are constructed and optimized, light beam imaging is simulated, parameters of each component in the relay optical path corresponding to the optimal transverse resolution are found, and the same or similar components are selected according to the parameters of each component in the relay optical path obtained through simulation to construct an entity optical path. The parameters used in constructing the model include, but are not limited to: the diameter of the light beam, the wavelength range of the light beam, the refractive index of a material of a dispersion matcher in the relay light path, the number of the beam expanding lenses of the relay light path, the calibers of the beam expanding lenses of the relay light path and the microscope objective, the curvature radius of each surface of the beam expanding lenses of the relay light path and the microscope objective, the refractive index of the beam expanding lenses of the relay light path and the microscope objective and the relative position of the beam expanding lenses of the relay light path and the microscope objective.
The lateral direction in the present invention refers to a plane direction perpendicular to the optical axis.
The OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path comprises an OCT structure sub-optical path and a blood flow imaging sub-optical path.
The optical path coupling module is internally provided with an optical component for optimizing the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path to the optical operation microscope imaging optical path, and the optical component comprises but is not limited to optimizing the transverse resolution of the OCT structure sub-optical path and the blood flow imaging sub-optical path and optimizing the matching degree of the OCT structure sub-optical path dispersion.
The display module comprises but is not limited to a common liquid crystal display screen, a head-up display, a projector arranged in an eyepiece of an imaging optical path of the optical operation microscope and a head-mounted augmented reality display device.
The OCT structure and blood flow imaging result types displayed by the display module optionally include two-dimensional tomographic imaging results, three-dimensional imaging results, and projection results in a depth direction; and when the display module displays the OCT tissue structure and the blood flow perfusion imaging result, the OCT tissue structure and the blood flow imaging position are marked at the corresponding position of the optical operation microscope imaging result in a marking line or area mode.
The optical operation microscope imaging light path comprises a microscope objective, a zoom lens group, an eyepiece, a camera and other optical components, the magnification of the optical operation microscope imaging can be manually or electrically adjusted, the result of the optical operation microscope imaging can be observed through the eyepiece, and the result of the optical operation microscope imaging can be acquired through the camera.
In the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path, include:
the OCT structural blood flow imaging type comprises time domain OCT, spectral domain OCT and frequency sweep OCT methods, the wavelength ranges comprise 790nm-900nm, 950nm-1150nm and 1280-1340nm, and the OCT structural blood flow imaging type is used for acquiring OCT signals of tissue samples in real time;
the OCT scanning mode comprises the setting of repeated scanning times and scanning time intervals on the same (or adjacent) spatial position.
The invention builds a computer module for controlling the running state of the OCT blood flow imaging device in the high-resolution real-time operation, and analyzing and processing the OCT signals, and the invention specifically comprises the following steps: controlling the illumination intensity adjustment, the magnification adjustment, the camera shooting and the imaging position of the optical surgical microscope; controlling the scanning range of a scanning device in the OCT structural blood flow imaging device; controlling a signal processor in the OCT structural blood flow imaging device and receiving an OCT signal; carrying out image reconstruction on the OCT signal to obtain a high-resolution OCT structure imaging result, carrying out real-time blood flow imaging algorithm analysis on the OCT signal to obtain a blood flow imaging result, wherein the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging result comprise a two-dimensional tomography imaging result, a three-dimensional imaging result and a projection result in the depth direction; a blood flow imaging processing method for generating imaging results, wherein the signals comprise amplitude (or intensity), or phase, or complex signals (namely amplitude and phase); the processing method comprises the steps of calculating the variance, difference, decorrelation and the like between the repeated sampling signals.
Wherein the blood flow imaging mode based on the decorrelation operation further comprises: the method is characterized in that a two-dimensional signal-to-noise ratio reciprocal-decorrelation coefficient characteristic space is constructed by combining the signal-to-noise ratio and the decorrelation coefficient of an OCT scattering signal, and classification of dynamic blood flow signals and static tissues is achieved, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating and analyzing OCT scattering signals by adopting first-order and zero-order autocovariance, and performing sliding average or Gaussian average on multiple dimensions such as time, space, channels and the like to obtain two characteristics of signal-to-noise ratio and decorrelation coefficient of each OCT scattering signal;
s2, establishing a signal-to-noise ratio-decorrelation coefficient feature space, and mapping the voxel to a signal-to-noise ratio reciprocal-decorrelation coefficient (ID) feature space; a linear classifier is established by using a multivariate time series model, OCT scattering signals are divided into dynamic blood flow signals and static tissue noise signals in a signal-to-noise ratio reciprocal-decorrelation coefficient characteristic space, and the decorrelation coefficients are replaced by signal-to-noise ratio correction to generate an angiogram.
The present invention introduces real-time blood flow monitoring during the procedure. The current OCT application in the operation is limited to structural imaging, and the research of real-time ocular blood flow imaging in the operation does not appear yet. The real-time, non-invasive, non-marking and capillary level eye blood flow perfusion condition is important intraoperative information for improving the success rate of the operation. For example, in ophthalmic laser surgery, real-time blood flow imaging helps surgeons observe the perfusion of the ocular blood flow, and precisely locate the areas of non-perfusion or retinal neovascularization for performing the surgery.
The invention can provide a higher resolution imaging result for the operation observation of the doctor in the operation. In order to leave enough operating space for a surgeon, the focal length of an objective lens of an operating microscope is generally longer (about 200 mm), so that the diameter of an airy disk of an OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path is larger when the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path is imaged after coupling, the transverse resolution is further influenced, and the segmentation misjudgment rate (CER) of a blood flow algorithm is increased. Therefore, a relay optical path is designed in the optical coupling module aiming at the infrared band of OCT structure blood flow imaging, and the imaging quality of the OCT structure and the blood flow is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
the invention combines the OCT structure, the blood flow imaging technology and the optical operation microscope through the optical path coupling and the optical path optimization, and obtains the tissue structure with non-wound, non-contact, real-time and high resolution and the imaging result in the blood perfusion operation while keeping the original function of the optical operation microscope.
The invention realizes the visualization of three-dimensional high-resolution tissue structure, blood perfusion and surgical instruments, thereby better monitoring and navigating the ophthalmic surgery, being beneficial to the correct surgery of surgeons and improving the safety and success rate of the surgery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-optical operation microscope imaging optical path; 2-OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path; 3-an optical coupling module; 4-a computer module; 5-a display module; 6-surgical sample eye; 11-a microscope objective; 12-variable power group lens; 13-microscopic ocular lens; 14-a camera; 15-50/50 light-splitting plate; 21-SLD light source; 22-80:20 fiber coupler; 23-a polarization controller; 24-reference arm collimator lens; 25-reference arm focusing lens; 26-reference arm mirror; 27-sample arm collimating lens; 28-OCT scanning device; 29-spectrometer and its camera; 31-coupling module relay optical path; 32-coupled modular mirrors.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. It should be noted that the description and illustrations are exemplary only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, as any variation based on the claims is intended to be within the scope of the invention.
To facilitate an understanding of embodiments of the invention, operations are described as multiple discrete operations, however, the order of description does not represent the order in which the operations are performed.
The examples of the invention are as follows:
the embodied device is shown in fig. 2 and comprises an optical operation microscope imaging light path 1; an OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path 2; an optical coupling module 3; a computer module 4; a display module 5; a surgical sample eye 6; a microscope objective lens 11; a variable power group lens 12; a microscope eyepiece 13; a camera 14; 50/50 spectroscopic plate 15; an SLD light source 21; 80:20 fiber coupler 22; a polarization controller 23; a reference arm collimator 24; a reference arm focusing lens 25; a reference arm mirror 26; a sample arm collimating lens 27; an OCT scanning device 28; spectrometer and its line camera 29; a coupling-module relay optical path 31; the optical path coupling module reflecting mirror 32.
The optical surgical microscope imaging optical path 1 of the embodiment is internally provided with optical components such as a microscope objective 11, a zoom lens group 12, an eyepiece 13 and a camera 14, the magnification of the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path can be manually or electrically adjusted, the imaging result of the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path can be observed through the eyepiece, and the imaging result of the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path can be acquired through the camera. The optical microscopy imaging position in this embodiment is located on the surface of the surgical specimen eye 6, and if the tissue structure and blood perfusion of the retina are to be observed, a funduscopic lens may be placed between the microscope objective 11 and the surgical specimen eye 6.
The OCT structure blood flow imaging device of this embodiment is a spectral domain OCT, the central wavelength of its SLD light source 21 is 850nm, the bandwidth is 120nm, and the OCT signal of the tissue sample is acquired in real time by the spectrometer and its line camera 29 and transmitted to the computer module; the OCT scanning device 28 is a galvanometer for controlling the scanning range of the blood flow imaging optical path of the OCT structure, and is configured to repeatedly scan 3, 4, or 5 times at the same (or adjacent) spatial position. The OCT structure blood flow imaging beam is sent by an SLD light source 21 and transmitted to an 80:20 optical fiber coupler 22 through optical fibers, so that the imaging beam enters a reference arm and a sample arm respectively in a ratio of 20% to 80%. The OCT structure blood flow imaging light beam entering the reference arm is focused to the reference arm reflector 26 through the reference arm collimating lens 24 and the reference arm focusing lens 25 and returns to the 80:20 optical fiber coupler 22 in the original path; after passing through a sample arm collimating lens 27 and a vibrating lens 28, an OCT structural blood flow imaging beam entering a sample arm enters a coupling module relay optical path 31 for beam optimization and beam expansion, then enters a microscope objective 11 of an optical surgical microscope 1 through an optical path coupling module reflecting lens 32, is focused to the anterior segment of an operation sample eye 6 by the microscope objective 11, and returns to an 80:20 optical fiber coupler 22 in the original path of the beam carrying the information of the anterior segment of the operation sample eye 6; the OCT apparatus and the blood flow imaging position in this embodiment are located in the anterior segment of the surgery sample eye 6, and if the tissue structure and blood flow perfusion of the retina (fundus) need to be observed, the ophthalmoscope can be placed between the microscope objective lens 11 and the surgery sample eye 6. The reference arm and the sample arm generate low-coherence interference signals after meeting the optical paths, enter the spectrometer and the linear array camera 29 thereof for resolution and acquisition of spectral information, and are finally transmitted to a computer for subsequent signal processing.
The optical path coupling module of the embodiment is a mechanical structure externally connected outside the optical operation microscope 1 main body, and is positioned between the microscope objective 11 and the zoom group lens 12 of the optical operation microscope imaging optical path 1 in a reflector mode, so that the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path 2 and the optical operation microscope imaging optical path 1 can share the microscope objective 11 and be stably fixed, and the optical path coupling of the two optical paths is realized; the optical path coupling module has coaxiality, so that imaging object surfaces of the optical operation microscope imaging optical path 1 and the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path 2 are respectively superposed with the imaging center position; the optical path coupling module 3 is internally provided with an optical component, optimizes the OCT structure and the lateral resolution of blood flow imaging through the design of the relay optical path 31, and optimizes the matching degree of the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path dispersion through installing a dispersion compensator in the relay optical path 31, thereby improving the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging quality.
The computer module of the embodiment controls the illumination intensity adjustment, the magnification adjustment, the camera shooting and the imaging position of the optical operation microscope 1 through a self-defined software interface; controlling a scanning range of a scanning device 28 in the OCT structural blood flow imaging device; controlling a spectrometer and a linear array camera 29 thereof in the OCT structure blood flow imaging device and receiving an OCT signal; carrying out image reconstruction on the OCT signal to obtain a high-resolution OCT structure imaging result, carrying out real-time blood flow imaging algorithm analysis on the OCT signal by using a Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) to obtain a blood flow imaging result, wherein the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging result comprise a two-dimensional tomography imaging result, a three-dimensional imaging result and a projection result in the depth direction; the signals used by the blood flow imaging processing method for generating the imaging result are complex signals (including amplitude and phase), a two-dimensional signal-to-noise ratio reciprocal-decorrelation coefficient characteristic space is constructed by combining the signal-to-noise ratio of the OCT scattering signals and the decorrelation coefficient, the classification of the dynamic blood flow signals and the static tissue is realized, and the blood flow perfusion imaging result is generated.
The type of the display module 5 of this embodiment is a general liquid crystal display, and the displayed OCT structure and blood flow imaging result types optionally include a two-dimensional tomographic imaging result, a three-dimensional imaging result, and a projection result in the depth direction; when displaying the imaging result of the OCT structure and the blood flow, the display module 5 marks the imaging position of the OCT structure and the blood flow in a mode of marking lines or areas at the corresponding position of the imaging result of the optical operation microscope.
When the device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used by a surgeon, parameters are input through a self-defined software interface displayed by the display module 5 so as to control the illumination intensity, the magnification, the camera shooting and the scanning range of the OCT scanning device and the like of the optical operation microscope 1; when the device of the embodiment operates, a surgeon optionally observes the surface information of the surgical sample eye 6 from the software interface of the display module 5 or the eyepiece 13 of the optical surgical microscope 1, and observes the structure and blood flow imaging result of the real-time OCT of the surgical sample eye 6 from the software interface of the display module 5, thereby realizing the real-time monitoring of the intraoperative high-resolution OCT tissue structure and blood perfusion.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for intraoperative OCT structural and blood flow imaging, comprising:
the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path (1) is used for amplifying and acquiring tissue surface information of a surgical object in real time;
the system comprises an OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path (2) used for a three-dimensional structure and blood flow signals of a later operation object;
the optical coupling module (3) is used for connecting and coupling the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path (1) and the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path (2).
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging of blood flow and structure during operation: the imaging object plane of the optical operation microscope imaging optical path (1) and the imaging object plane of the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path (2) are overlapped through the optical coupling module (3), and the imaging center position is also overlapped.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging of blood flow and structure during operation: the optical coupling module (3) includes, but is not limited to, coupling using a mirror or coupling using a dichroic mirror.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging of blood flow and structure during operation: the optical coupling module (3):
coupling the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path (2) between a microscope objective and a zoom group lens of the optical operation microscope, wherein the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path (2) and the optical operation microscope optical path (1) share the microscope objective;
or the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path (2) is coupled between a variable-power group lens and a microscope eyepiece of the optical operation microscope, and the OCT structural blood flow imaging optical path (2) and the optical operation microscope optical path (1) share the variable-power group lens and the microscope objective.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging of blood flow and structure during operation: the device also comprises a computer module (4) and a display module (5);
the computer module is used for controlling the operation states of the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging device in the operation, collecting and processing OCT signals of the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging module, and generating an OCT three-dimensional structure and a blood flow imaging result in real time;
and the display module is used for displaying the imaging result of the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path, the OCT structure imaging result and the blood perfusion result in real time.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging of blood flow and structure during operation:
the optical operation microscope imaging light path (1) comprises a microscope objective (11), a zoom group lens (12), a microscope eyepiece (13), a camera (14) and an 50/50 light splitting plate (15); the sample object, the microscope objective (11), the zoom group lens (12) and the microscope eyepiece (13) are arranged at one time along the optical axis of the same vertical straight line, an 50/50 beam splitter (15) is arranged on the optical axis between the zoom group lens (12) and the microscope eyepiece (13), a camera (14) is arranged on the side of the 50/50 beam splitter (15), and the camera (14) is connected with the computer module (4);
the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path (2) comprises an SLD light source (21), an 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22), a polarization controller (23), a reference arm collimating mirror (24), a reference arm focusing lens (25), a reference arm reflecting mirror (26), a sample arm collimating lens (27), an OCT scanning device (28), a spectrometer and a camera (29) thereof; an SLD light source (21) is connected to one input end on one side of an 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22), the other port on one side of the 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22) is connected with a computer module (4) through a spectrometer and a camera (29) thereof, one port on the other side of the 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22) is connected with a reference arm collimating mirror (24) through a polarization controller (23), and the reference arm collimating mirror (24), a reference arm focusing lens (25) and a reference arm reflecting mirror (26) are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis; the other port on the other side of the 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22) is connected with a sample arm collimating lens (27), an OCT scanning device (28) is arranged on the side of the sample arm collimating lens (27), and an optical coupling module (3) is arranged between the OCT scanning device (28) and an optical operation microscope imaging optical path (1);
the optical coupling module (3) comprises a coupling module relay optical path (31) and a coupling module reflector (32), and the coupling module relay optical path (31) and the coupling module reflector (32) are sequentially arranged between the OCT scanning device (28) and the microscope objective (11) of the optical surgical microscope imaging optical path (1).
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging of blood flow and structure during operation:
the OCT scanning device (28) is a galvanometer.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging the flow of blood in an intraoperative environment, the apparatus comprising:
the OCT structural blood flow imaging light beam is emitted by an SLD light source (21), and is transmitted to an 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22) through an optical fiber, so that the imaging light beam enters a polarization controller (23) and a sample arm collimating lens (27) respectively according to the light intensity proportion of 20% and 80%, the OCT structural blood flow imaging light beam entering the polarization controller (23) is focused to a reference arm reflecting mirror (26) through a reference arm collimating mirror (24) and a reference arm focusing lens (25) and then is reflected to form a reference light beam, and the reference light beam returns to the 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22) in an original path; after an OCT structural blood flow imaging beam entering a sample arm collimating lens (27) passes through an OCT scanning device (28), the OCT structural blood flow imaging beam enters a relay light path (31) of a coupling module to be expanded and optimized, then is reflected by a light path coupling module reflecting mirror (32) and enters a microscope objective (11) of an optical surgical microscope (1), and is focused to a sample object by the microscope objective (11) to be reflected to form a beam carrying sample object information, and the original path of the beam carrying the sample object information returns to an 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22);
the light beam carrying the sample object information and the reference light beam generate low-coherence interference signals after returning to an 80:20 optical fiber coupler (22), and then enter a spectrometer and a line camera (29) thereof.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging the flow of blood in an intraoperative environment, the apparatus comprising:
the design of a relay optical path (31) of a coupling module in the optical path coupling module (3) optimizes the lateral resolution of an OCT structure and blood flow imaging, the caliber of an OCT imaging beam is enlarged by installing a beam expanding lens group in the relay optical path (31) of the coupling module, and the matching degree of the dispersion of the blood flow imaging optical path of the OCT structure is optimized by a dispersion compensator, so that the OCT structure and the blood flow imaging quality are improved; the coupling module relay optical path (31) specifically comprises a dispersion compensator and two groups of beam expanding lenses, and the coupling module relay optical path (31) optimizes an OCT sample arm optical path through dispersion compensation of the dispersion compensator and beam expansion of the two groups of beam expanding lenses in sequence, so that the lateral resolution of OCT imaging is improved.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the OCT apparatus is used for imaging the flow of blood in an intraoperative environment, the apparatus comprising:
the optical path coupling module (3) is internally provided with an optical component for optimizing the OCT structure blood flow imaging optical path to the optical operation microscope imaging optical path, and the optical component comprises but is not limited to optimizing the transverse resolution of the OCT structure sub-optical path and the blood flow imaging sub-optical path and optimizing the matching degree of the OCT structure sub-optical path dispersion.
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