CN109475461A - 侧卧位的骶髂关节运动辅助器械 - Google Patents

侧卧位的骶髂关节运动辅助器械 Download PDF

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CN109475461A
CN109475461A CN201780040960.2A CN201780040960A CN109475461A CN 109475461 A CN109475461 A CN 109475461A CN 201780040960 A CN201780040960 A CN 201780040960A CN 109475461 A CN109475461 A CN 109475461A
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estrade
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石黑隆
石黑圭辅
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Abstract

现有的改善骨盆变形和骶髂关节运动的器械是在仰卧位和坐位进行的。其中也有一些器械得不到充分的可动性。本发明的目的在于提供一种在侧卧位使骶髂关节被动地运动的运动辅助器械。以左侧卧位对实施例进行说明。在侧卧位将上侧的右腿放在台子(1)上，利用支撑骶骨的衬垫(2)支撑骶骨部分，同时使上侧的右腿被动地向后方伸展。其特征在于，下侧的左骶髂关节(9b)为后面微微张开的状态，因此骶骨(6)通过右股关节(10a)向后方滑动，改善下侧的左骶髂关节(9b)的可动性。

Description

侧卧位的骶髂关节运动辅助器械
技术领域
本发明涉及在侧卧位使骶髂关节被动地运动的运动辅助器械。
背景技术
目前，矫正骨盆和骶髂关节变形的运动辅助器械是在仰卧位和坐位进行的。
现有技术文献
非专利文献
非专利文献1：博田节夫(编)：AKA关节运动学方法-博田法，第2版，医齿药出版，东京，2007
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
上述技术存在如下缺点。
目前，矫正骨盆变形的器械是在仰卧位和坐位使用的。当骶髂关节的关节面存在阻碍时，在仰卧位和坐位得不到充分的可动性。本发明是为了消除如上缺点而完成的。
解决课题的手段
为了解决上述课题，运动辅助器械设有在侧卧位支撑腿的部件，使腿被动伸展，并向骶髂关节施加运动。
发明效果
在侧卧位，向下侧的骶髂关节施加负荷，下侧的骶髂关节面的后面微微张开。由于下侧的骶髂关节面的接触面受到前面的限制，因此通过使腿被动地向后方摆动，股关节得以伸展，骶骨向后方滑动。通过这种运动，下侧的骶髂关节的可动性得以改善。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的背面图(动作前)；
图2是本发明实施例的背面图(动作后)；
图3是本发明的立体图；
图4是本发明的具体立体图；
图5是本发明实施时的平面图(动作前)；
图6是本发明实施时的平面图(动作后)；
图7是使用者在侧卧位的骶髂关节的正面图。
具体实施方式
下面针对用于实施本发明的最佳方式进行说明。
以左侧卧位对实施例进行说明。让使用者在侧卧位放松。利用支撑骶骨的衬垫(2)支撑骶骨部分，同时将上侧的腿放在台子(1)上，让右股关节(10a)被动地向后方轻轻伸展。
使用时，进行5～6次该动作，相对侧也是同样地支撑骶骨部分，同时轻轻伸展5～6次股关节。
〔运动辅助器械〕
下面结合附图对运动辅助器械进行更加详细的说明。如图1、2、5和6所示，运动辅助器械不使侧卧位的人对象的随意肌运动(即，对人对象而言是受动的(受動的)或被动的(他動的))，而将采取侧卧位的人对象的上侧的腿部由放松状态向该人对象的后方(向背面侧)运动，由此来辅助活动骶髂关节的运动。在此，利用运动辅助器械的该人对象以伴有异样感(例如疼痛和麻木等)的一侧为下方，采取侧卧位。
如图3和4所示，运动辅助器械具有：支撑腿的台子(台子)1、支撑骶骨的衬垫(衬垫)2、可动式臂3、支柱4，以及向壁面连接的连接架5。即，一个实施方式的运动辅助器械为图1～6所示的部件编号1～5的组合。图3表示以右侧为下方采取侧卧位的人对象的左腿放在台子1上时的运动辅助器械的配置。相反，图4则表示以左侧为下方采取侧卧位的人对象的右腿放在台子1上时的上述运动辅助器械的配置。因此，台子1在通过支柱4固定在壁面的状态下，可以在水平方向上360°旋转。为了特别说明台子1针对臂3的连接状态，图4将上述运动辅助器械放大表示。
如图3和4所示，臂3在没有外力施加的状态下，保持着与壁面大致平行的位置。如图1所示，当以左侧为下方采取侧卧位的人对象的右腿放在台子1上时，人对象的右腿会向体轴的外侧抬起。如图1所示，当使用上述运动辅助器械时，人对象的腰部(尤其是有骶骨的部分)被衬垫2从背面支撑，大腿的下部至膝盖则被台子1从前部支撑。也就是说，人对象的前后动作被上述运动辅助器械所抑制(也请参考图5)。
在图1所示的状态下，通过让台子1向人对象的背面运动，如图2所示，会使人对象的大腿部向背面伸展。随着大腿部向背面伸展，骶骨会进行运动，恢复到正常位置。此时的人对象的大腿部到腰部的运动将结合图7进行说明。
以左为下方的人对象采取侧卧位，使得在左髂骨7b上附加负荷，因此，该人对象的左髂骨7b的左端被向腹侧按压，右端反而被向背侧按压。因此，骶骨6(的背面侧)与左髂骨7b的右端附近的接触会被部分地解除。在这种状态下，当使用上述运动辅助器械使右大腿部向背面运动时，右髂骨7a会向背面运动。此时，部分地(尤其是在背面)失去了与左髂骨7b的接触的骶骨6会随着右髂骨7a的运动而向背面运动，恢复到正常位置。与使用上述运动辅助器械之前相比恢复到正常位置的骶骨6，会让人对象的异样感消失，作为消失的结果，使得人对象的左半身(不限于腰部和腿部)恢复正常运动。在利用图1～7的说明中，以使人对象的大腿部从体轴向背面侧运动为例进行了说明。但是，可实施后面的项目〔改善骶髂关节运动的方法〕的上述运动辅助器械，是辅助该人对象的大腿部从初始位置(人对象放松时的位置)向背面侧运动的器具。
使台子1移动的力是使以支柱4为轴的臂3发生旋转的力。该力是通过支柱4或臂3所具有的电机(未图示)的驱动而产生的，或者，是将台子1、臂3或人对象的腿部(的某处)向人对象的背面运送的人力。因此，上述运动辅助器械是不使人对象的随意肌运动(即对人对象而言是受动的(即被动的))，而辅助放在台子1上的人对象的腿部向人对象的背面运动的器械。另外，随着采取侧卧位的上述人对象的大腿部(股关节)屈伸的动作，臂3(以及台子1)会轻微地上下运动。
支柱4可以伸缩(未图示)，例如，当要将人对象的右腿放在台子1上时，支柱4会伸展，当将人对象的右腿放在台子1上后，支柱4则会收缩，由此将人对象的右腿向体轴的外侧抬起。如图4所示，台子1根据每个人对象从骶骨到膝关节的距离的不同，而相对于臂3滑动。另外，如图5所示，人对象放在台子1上的右膝可以屈伸。
衬垫2在单侧或两侧具有支撑人对象的背面的面。当衬垫2在单侧具有支撑人对象的背面的面时，衬垫2可相对于水平方向360°旋转。由此，无论是在台子1朝向支撑左腿的方向时(图3)，还是在台子1朝向支撑右腿的方向时(图4)，都能使上述面朝向人对象的背面。
在图3和4中，台子1(以及臂3)和衬垫2两者与支柱4连接，支柱4在与上述人对象的体轴大致正交的方向上延伸。但是，支柱4可与天花板直接连接，而无需通过连接架5。另外，支柱4可与壁面直接连接，而无需通过连接架5。台子1和衬垫2无需通过1根支柱支撑，例如，台子1和衬垫2可以通过2根支柱分别支撑。图3和4所示的器械的其他变形例例如是连接架5与床的某处(例如人对象放置头部的一侧)连接，与床一体化的器械。该变形例的器械可以在能放置床的任意地方使用。
〔改善骶髂关节运动的方法〕
为了实现与上述运动辅助器械相同的目的，本发明的一实施方式提供了一种改善骶髂关节运动的方法(命名为“摆动-石黑法(Swing-石黒法)”)，包括：使以伴随异样感的一侧作为下侧而采取侧卧位的人对象的上侧的大腿部向该人对象的背面侧受动地运动。也就是说，该方法与是否受到器械辅助无关，即，可以是利用上述运动辅助器械实施的方法、全部工作通过(多个)人的人手作业实施的方法，或者利用除上述运动辅助器械以外的器械和工具实施的方法。
下面以医生对提出左半身有异样感的患者实施摆动-石黑法的情况为例，对上述方法进行说明。首先，让患者以左半身为下方，以侧卧位躺在诊断台上并放松。通过扭动患者的上半身使右肩(上侧)靠近诊断台。医生用单手支撑患者的骶骨，用另一只手将患者不用劲的右腿稍稍向上方抬起。患者不用劲的腿部与体轴相比，位于腹侧。从这种状态起，医生进行让患者保持放松(不让患者用力)，让患者的腿部向背面侧(向后方)伸展，复原的摆动动作。医生重复5～6次摆动动作。医生让患者左右翻转，对左腿实施上述动作，但该步骤不是必须执行的。
让患者的腿部伸展时，医生仅轻微施加将患者的腿部运送到背面侧所需的力(即，医生对患者腿部向背面侧的运动提供辅助)。并且，在患者的腿部向背面侧运送时，医生在感觉到阻力的位置撤力，复原。该位置根据股关节的紧固程度等，因患者而异。
医生将患者腿部在放松状态和上述位置之间往复的动作作为1个动作，在约5～15秒期间更详细而言，是5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14或15秒期间)实施5～6个动作。因此，上述器械中的台子1亦同，在约5～15秒期间实施5～6个动作。5～6个动作所需的上述时间只是一例，可以主要根据患者的状态来延长或缩短。
扭动患者的上半身是单纯地从侧卧位向该患者的左髂骨施加大负荷，因此使左骶髂关节的背面侧进一步张开。因此可以认为，扭动患者的上半身可以提高上述动作的有效性(骶骨的移动和复位)。
需要说明的是，上述方法是让人对象实施利用运动辅助器械所辅助的运动。仅靠人对象自身的力无法实施该运动，因此只是需要他人辅助而已。因此，实施上述方法(辅助人对象)的他人可以是除医生以外的任何人。
〔有效性的确认〕
对提出疼痛和麻木症状的2282名患者实施了摆动-石黑法。在这些患者中，存在长年患有该症状，在医疗机构就医也无法改善该症状的情况。最初实施了摆动-石黑法之后，患者本人评价称症状得到改善的结果总结如下。
明显改善：515人(22.6％)
改善：909人(39.8％)
稍稍改善：316人(13.8％)
没有改善：542人(23.8％)。
整体75％以上的患者在接受摆动-石黑法之后确认到了某种改善。作为确认到明显改善的示例，有：无法自行站立的患者变得不依靠帮助就可以走路的示例；在坐位和仰卧位伴有疼痛的患者变得可以没有痛苦地采取坐位和仰卧位的示例；抬腿困难，且无法不弯脊背而站立的患者变得可以采取近乎直立的姿势的示例。除了这些示例以外，因特发性脊柱侧弯症而伴有腰痛的儿童在接受摆动-石黑法之后，在X射线检查中，在Cobb角确认到了改善。另外，不仅是腰腿，提出颈或肩疼痛等的患者中，也有确认到症状改善的示例。
〔总结〕
以左侧卧位对实施例进行说明。在侧卧位将上侧的右腿放在台子(1)上，利用支撑骶骨的衬垫(2)支撑骶骨部分，同时使右腿被动地向后方伸展，由此向下侧的左骶髂关节(9b)施加运动。本发明是由上述构成组成的骶髂关节的运动辅助器械。
因此，本发明的各种方式可以如下表示。
(1)一种运动辅助器械，其设有在侧卧位支撑腿的部件，使腿被动伸展，并向骶髂关节施加运动。
(2)根据(1)所述的运动辅助器械，其中，在侧卧位支撑腿的部件为台子，该腿对处于侧卧位的人对象而言为上侧的腿部，该台子向该人对象的背面侧运动，而不使该人对象的随意肌运动。
(3)根据(1)或(2)所述的运动辅助器械，还具有：衬垫，其从该患者的背面支撑上述人对象的腰部。
(4)根据(1)～(3)中任一项所述的运动辅助器械，其中，上述台子和衬垫分别配置在两个臂的末端，所述两个臂从在与上述人对象的体轴大致正交的方向延伸的支柱延伸。
(5)一种改善骶髂关节运动的方法，包括：使以伴随异样感的一侧作为下侧而采取侧卧位的人对象的上侧的大腿部，从该人对象不用劲时所处的位置向背面侧受动地运动。
符号说明
1 支撑腿的台子(台子)
2 支撑骶骨的衬垫(衬垫)
3 可动式臂(臂)
4 支柱
5 向壁面连接的连接架
6 骶骨
7a 右髂骨
7b 左髂骨
8a 右大腿骨
8b 左大腿骨
9a 右骶髂关节
9b 左骶髂关节
10a 右股关节
10b 左股关节

Claims (5)

1.一种运动辅助器械，其设有在侧卧位支撑腿的部件，使腿被动地伸展，并向骶髂关节施加运动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的运动辅助器械，其中，在侧卧位支撑腿的部件为台子，该腿对处于侧卧位的人对象而言为上侧的腿部，该台子向该人对象的背面侧运动，而不使该人对象的随意肌运动。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的运动辅助器械，还具有：衬垫，其从该患者的背面支撑上述人对象的腰部。
4.根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的运动辅助器械，其中，上述台子和衬垫分别配置在从支柱延伸的两个臂的末端，所述支柱在与上述人对象的体轴大致正交的方向延伸。
5.一种改善骶髂关节运动的方法，包括：使以伴随异样感的一侧作为下侧而采取侧卧位的人对象的上侧的大腿部，从该人对象不用劲时所处的位置向背面侧受动地运动。
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CN109475461B (zh) 2022-08-23
WO2018012620A1 (ja) 2018-01-18
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