CN109470362A - A kind of infrared interference signal acquiring system and data processing method - Google Patents
A kind of infrared interference signal acquiring system and data processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of infrared interference signal acquiring system and data processing methods.It is the Data collection and precessing system for the Fourier spectrometer that Michelson's interferometer and infrared focal plane detector are built, it is cooperated with each other by interface module and FPGA acquisition module, the signal input signal correction module that infrared focal plane detector is detected carries out signal processing, using the storage of USB3.0 high-speed transfer channel to host computer, finally carries out data processing and carry out system noise levels measurement.The interference pattern Data Data acquisition system based on infrared focal plane detector can effectively complete the reading and acquisition function of the middle long wave focus planar detector of large area array, and can be measured under antivacuum common laboratory environment to system noise levels by data processing method；Signal-to-noise ratio and the anti-interference ability for acquiring data are high.Basis will be provided for long wave focus planar detector Fourier spectrometer interference signal data acquisition to future.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of infrared interference signal acquiring system and data processing methods, and in particular to by Michelson
The interference signal data collection system for the Fourier spectrometer that interferometer and infrared focal plane detector are built and data processing side
Method.
Background technique:
The basic detection principle of system is Fourier spectrum detection, that is, Michelson's interferometer and detector is utilized, to quilt
The interference signal for surveying target is sampled according to aplanatism difference, and interference light intensity signal is then carried out Fourier transformation, thus
To the spectrum of target being observed.Interference signal be interferometer generate, system basic composition is detector, optical interference system with
And Electronic data acquisition processing system.The detector of infrared band also needs work to need in low temperature environment, ground handling
Use Dewar plus liquid nitrogen refrigerating.Laser is also needed simultaneously, and laser generates aplanatism difference reference signal by interference system, this letter
Number be sampling synchronization signals.
The interferometer of this system is using Michelson's interferometer structure, by the index glass of reciprocating movement and fixed
The optical system of horizontal glass and spectroscope and reflecting mirror composition generates interference signal, and index glass is by index glass motion control box here
Control motor makes it carry out uniform motion.
The shortcoming of detection method based on principle of interference is exactly that the time required for detecting is longer, and only acquisition is complete
A width interference pattern, just can be carried out spectra inversion, then obtain measured target spectral information.And it is based on focal plane detection skill
Art can obtain the interference pattern from different pixels simultaneously parallel, be greatly improved detection in a conoscope image in the process
Efficiency.Detection to prescribed limit, is equipped with optical system for high resolution, is able to achieve the detection of more high spatial resolution.
It is mainly to complete the sampling and relevant treatment of interferogram signal, these signal acquisitions and place that interference signal, which obtains system,
Reason is limited in addition to characteristic by signal itself, such as dynamic range, signal noise level etc., while also by the optical path difference time
Interval limitation, conditioning, acquisition, transmission, the storage of data require to complete in an aplanatism difference interval.
Fourier spectrum detection initially applies in chemical analysis field, with Fourier transform spectrometer, theoretical system at
It is ripe, also cause to pay attention to extensively in astronomical and atmospheric science field application.Current Fourier transform spectrometer, is on meteorological remote sensing
Application have become a kind of trend.Spaceborne SEQUENCING VERTICAL survey meter be the main infrared remote sensing instrument that is carried on meteorological satellite it
One.
The U.S. began to develop space interference spectral detection device from nineteen sixties.It is light splitting hand with interferometer
The atmospheric sounding set of section just carried on " nimbus " test satellite before and after 1970s.In decades, the U.S., Europe
The states such as continent and Japan have developed a variety of space high spectral resolution Atmospheric Survey instruments.In these research projects, most master
Syllabus be detection chemical component (such as ozone greenhouse gases etc.) be mainly environmental services, such as MIPAS, TES etc..Another portion
Divide and serves primarily in meteorology, such as GIFTS, CrIS and IASI.It serves in meteorological interferometer research project and most represents
Property: ITS, GHIS, GIFTS, CrIS and ISAI.First four project is the U.S., the last one project IASI is French.
ITS is the continuation that interference detection is studied in Nimbus, is developed into CrIS.CrIS and IASI works in SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit) track
On, CrIS highest spectral resolution reaches 0.6 wave number or so, and IASI highest spectral resolution reaches 0.35 wave number or so.GHIS
Research with GIFTS is to serve stationary orbit meteorological satellite.
Since nineteen seventies, domestic Ji Jia scientific research institution has carried out the research work of interference formula spectrometer
Make: the wherein environmental satellite of Xi'an ray machine institute, wave band are visible light to near-infrared, and Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics is in this respect
Work predominantly research 3~15um of wave band, i.e. medium wave, long wave infrared region.
The SEQUENCING VERTICAL survey meter that No. four meteorological satellites of wind and cloud of the transmitting of second half year China in 2016 carry is medium wave 32*4
Photovoltaic type infrared focal plane detector, long wave 32*4 guide type infrared focal plane detector are that China will be used for infrared do for the first time
The focus planar detector of signal detection is related to for using on star.
In order to meet the higher demand of spatial resolution, the further expansion face battle array scale of detector, and after having carried out
Continuous beforehand research work.With the further expansion of pixel scale, there is new engineering challenge；System data is increased to adopt
The difficulty for the problems such as collecting the noise jamming between the complexity and solution system of design.Therefore, the skill of imaging detector is only continued to use
Art scheme be designed (referring to patent: 2017103961610), effect is not able to satisfy engineering demand, need to for interference information with
And it is targetedly designed in conjunction with acquisition mode characteristic and can be only achieved engineering objective.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of based on infrared focal plane detector aplanatism difference condition down-sampling interference
Signal acquiring system realizes parallel acquisition multipath interference signal simultaneously, and passes through Back end data acquisition module, at real-time acquisition
Reason and storage；And assessment and experimental analysis are carried out to the quality of data.Solves interference image existing in the prior art
Heterogeneity is bad, and system noise is excessive and job stability is bad, the problem of without complete System Performance Analysis system.
A kind of infrared interference signal acquiring system of the present invention include interface module, signal-corecting module, FPGA acquisition module,
Power module, USB3.0 transmission module, in which:
The interface module is adjusted by the level that level reference source chip, resistance pressure-dividing network and operational amplifier are built
Circuit and voltage follower circuit composition；
The signal-corecting module is by the isolation circuit between operation amplifier circuit and resistance capacitance assembly module, filter
Wave circuit and for reducing noise integrating circuit form, the signal from interface module is received and processed, then by signal
It is sent into FPGA acquisition module；
The FPGA acquisition module is by FPGA, operational amplifier, AD conversion chip, electrical level transferring chip and resistance electricity
Appearance is built；
The power module is turned by the level that the power supply with LDO function and electrical level transferring chip and resistance capacitance are built
Change circuit composition.
The USB3.0 transmission module is built by 3014 chip of Cypress and support device, support device packet
Include rom chip and the jtag interface for programming debugging and data buffer storage, USB3.0-Type C hardware interface and resistance electricity
Hold etc..
Digital power in the power module, a part is to number in USB3.0 transmission module and FPGA acquisition module
Circuit power supply, including the digit chip pin of FPGA, the interface digit chip and A/D chip system coupled with index glass
Digital pin；Some is powered by interface module to detector digital power；Analog power portion in power module
Give operational amplifier used in all modules and the FPGA in FPGA acquisition module and A simulation pin in D chip
Power supply；
Transmission line signal and data are wherein used between interface module and FPGA acquisition module and signal-corecting module；
FPGA acquisition module, using cabling transmission signal and data between pcb board between signal-corecting module and USB3.0 transmission module.
Power module is connect with the level-one of other each modules to be connected using conducting wire, and level-one level is converted into second level by power conversion chip
It is transmitted after level by plank interior cabling.
After system starts, FPGA acquisition module is firstly received the at the uniform velocity signal of index glass motion control box sending, side
To signal and sampled signal, program made of then being compiled by VHDL generates the timing letter for meeting detector work requirements
Number；These clock signals are connected by transmission line with interface module, and the timing transmission of intermodule all uses electrical level transferring chip
For the signal isolation between module.Signal is transmitted directly to detect through inside modules pcb board cabling again after reaching interface module
On the corresponding pin of device interface；After detector receives correct clock signal, analog signal can be exported and pass through interface module
In circuit to output signal carry out level adjustment, filtering processing, reach optimum state, then by adjust arrive optimum reception
The output signal of state spreads out of next stage signal-corecting module；By filtering, the signal school of integrating circuit and comparator composition
After positive circuit, make input signal meet A D conversion chip input requirements；By pcb board interior cabling to FPGA acquisition module,
Under the reasonable timing control of FPGA, signal via A D conversion chip convert analog signals into digital signal, then walked by PCB
Digital signal is passed to USB3.0 data transmission module by line, and real time data acquisition is got off.Finally by data processing method, into
Row analysis of experimental results and system performance are measured.
The data processing method of infrared interference signal acquiring system is as follows:
It is realized by System Back-end software handler, for handling the data after acquiring and measuring levels of system performance.
The initial data collected can be converted into the interference diagram data that can be used by it, carry out effective position to wrong interference pattern
With exclusion or reparation；It eliminates influence to system of steam under antivacuum lower environment and system is measured, help to test
Middle system debug；
Specific step is as follows for data processing method:
1) data acquired under two groups of different temperatures are subjected to matrix recombination arrangement respectively, generate and directly displays the dry of observation
Figure image data is related to, wherein wrong interference pattern is positioned and excluded or repaired；
2) by calculating the Planck function under different blackbody temperatures, the averaged image data and Fourier transformation of data
The average spectral data obtained afterwards, computing system response curve；
3) algorithm is used, response curve is made into curve fit process, removes influence of the laboratory steam to curve；
4) spectroradiometric quantity of the noise equivalent of system, i.e. noise equivalent spectral radiance are calculated.
The utility model has the advantages that
The interference diagram data acquisition read-out system based on infrared focal plane detector can effectively complete large area array
The reading and acquisition function of middle long wave focus planar detector, and can be under common laboratory non-vacuum condition to system level
It is measured and is analyzed；Signal-to-noise ratio and the anti-interference ability for acquiring data are high.To the following large area array long wave focal plane detection
The extensive utilization of device provides the foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration of Michelson's interferometer.
Fig. 2 is the system block diagram of acquisition system.
Fig. 3 is the interference pattern obtained after initial data is converted.
Fig. 4 is the description figure of interference pattern reparation.
Fig. 5 is the explanatory diagram of interference pattern steam influence eliminating method.
Specific embodiment:
Power module part:
Digital power and analog power are provided by two electric current of voltage regulation sources with LDO function.Electrical level transferring chip uses
The electrical level transferring chip for the low-power consumption series that LINEAR company provides.
Interface module part:
Interface module needs to handle 3 kinds of different types of signals, and one is stable bias voltages, and one is controls to detect
There are also one is the output signals of detector for the timing of device work.
Bias voltage to be processed is generated by voltage offset electric circuit in interface module, it is by level reference source, resistance point
Network establishment is pressed, also to ensure that further ensuring that the stabilization of bias voltage, is added to the sizeable capacitor of capacitance
And the use of diode assisted bias circuit.
The timing of work to be processed is to be come in by FPGA acquisition module by transmission line in interface module, timing
Signal is sent into before detector the voltage follower circuit that have passed through module in plate again, for reading circuit inside detector to be isolated and connects
Mouth mold block.
Output signal to be processed is from detector in interface module, detector output end to enter interface module it
Between be added to voltage follower circuit for being isolated.
Signal-corecting module part:
Signal-corecting module is by multiple filtering and integrating circuit group being made of operational amplifier and resistance capacitance component
At parallel processing circuit, signal is filtered and is integrated by the module and the levelling of dynamic range, made useful signal and make an uproar
Acoustical signal separates, level range reach A D conversion chip requirement.
For the noise and signal of cross frequence overlapping, the signal-to-noise ratio of system is improved, before signal is sent into FPGA module,
It joined the integrating circuit of controllable metal-oxide-semiconductor and resistance capacitance, which is also used to offset interferometer index glass periodic motion and brings
Signal code cyclically-varying the problem of.
FPGA acquisition module part:
FPGA acquisition module is built by FPGA, operational amplifier, AD conversion chip, electrical level transferring chip and resistance capacitance
It forms；For receive come automatic mirror control module sending trigger collection timing and to detector send job control timing and
Timing control is carried out to A/D chip and USB3.0 data acquisition module.Control sequential is write, and the output in conjunction with detector is special
Property has done targeted adjustment to reduce the heterogeneity of data.
USB3.0 transmission module part:
The USB3.0 transmission module is built by 3014 chip of Cypress and support device, support device packet
Include rom chip and the jtag interface for programming debugging and data buffer storage, USB3.0-Type C hardware interface and resistance electricity
Hold etc..
In order to enable the work of USB3.0 data transmission module does not interfere with the quality of signal acquisition, operational amplifier is used
And resistance capacitance built-up circuit, to being digitally isolated for transmission module and FPGA acquisition module.Guarantee that intermodule is mutual
There is no cross talk effects mutually.
Data processing method part；
Data processing method is realized by System Back-end software handler, for handling data and weighing apparatus after acquiring
Measure levels of system performance.The initial data collected can be converted into the interference diagram data that can be used by it, dry to mistake
Figure is related to carry out effective position and exclude or repair；It eliminates influence to system of steam under antivacuum lower environment and system is carried out
It measures, facilitates system debug in experiment.
Data processing method specifically has following function: 1, the initial data for obtaining system acquisition is converted into interference pattern
Data carry out interference pattern observation and data analysis.2, effective position and exclusion are carried out to wrong interference pattern or repair 3, eliminate it is non-
Influence of the steam to system and system is measured under environment under vacuum
Wherein the 1st point, it is by combining detector that the initial data that system acquisition is obtained, which is converted into interference diagram data,
The design method of specific output mode and system carries out software algorithm processing, and the data permutation of acquisition is realized.
Wherein the 2nd point, effective position is carried out to wrong interference pattern and excludes or repairs, is the spy in conjunction with interference image
Point, writes respective algorithms, goes to judge orientation problem image by exceptional value, then by modes such as matrix operations to recoverable
Interference pattern is repaired, to realize the function.
It wherein the 3rd point, eliminates influence to system of steam under antivacuum lower environment and system is measured, be first with two
The different acquisition data of group temperature, after eliminating identical background information by subtraction, with the parameter of known signal source, instead
The response of release system, finally by sum-average arithmetic, the processing of Fourier's inverting scheduling algorithm obtains equivalent light corresponding to system noise
Spectrum radiation, i.e. noise equivalent spectral radiance value.Steam in general experimental situation is influenced, is thought with one-dimensional median filtering
Think, write corresponding algorithm, can be influenced to eliminate, common engineering testing standard can achieve by verifying.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of infrared interference signal acquiring system, including interface module, signal-corecting module, FPGA acquisition module, power supply mould
Block, USB3.0 transmission module, it is characterised in that:
The level adjusting circuit that the interface module is built by level reference source chip, resistance pressure-dividing network and operational amplifier
And voltage follower circuit composition；
The signal-corecting module is by the isolation circuit between operation amplifier circuit and resistance capacitance assembly module, filtered electrical
Road and for reducing noise integrating circuit form, receive and process the signal from interface module, be then sent into signal
FPGA acquisition module；
The FPGA acquisition module is taken by FPGA, operational amplifier, AD conversion chip, electrical level transferring chip and resistance capacitance
It builds；
The level conversion electricity that the power module is built by the power supply with LDO function and electrical level transferring chip and resistance capacitance
Road composition；
The USB3.0 transmission module is built by 3014 chip of Cypress and support device, and support device includes using
In programming debugging and the rom chip and jtag interface of data buffer storage, USB3.0-Type C hardware interface and resistance capacitance；
Digital power in the power module, a part is to digital circuit in USB3.0 transmission module and FPGA acquisition module
Power supply, including the digit chip pin of FPGA, the number of the interface digit chip system coupled with index glass and A/D chip
Word pin；Some is powered by interface module to detector digital power；Analog power part in power module is given
Operational amplifier used in all modules and the FPGA in FPGA acquisition module and A simulation pin power supply in D chip；
Transmission line signal and data are wherein used between interface module and FPGA acquisition module and signal-corecting module；FPGA
Acquisition module, using cabling transmission signal and data between pcb board between signal-corecting module and USB3.0 transmission module.Power supply
Module is connect with the level-one of other each modules to be connected using conducting wire, and level-one level is converted into second level level by power conversion chip
It is transmitted afterwards by plank interior cabling；
After system starts, FPGA acquisition module is firstly received the at the uniform velocity signal of index glass motion control box sending, direction letter
Number and sampled signal, program made of then being compiled by VHDL, which generates, meets the clock signals of detector work requirements；This
A little clock signals are connected by transmission line with interface module, and the timing transmission of intermodule all uses electrical level transferring chip and is used for mould
Signal isolation between block；Signal is transmitted directly to prober interface through inside modules pcb board cabling again after reaching interface module
Corresponding pin on；After detector receives correct clock signal, analog signal can be exported and by the electricity in interface module
Road carries out level adjustment to output signal, and filtering processing reaches optimum state, and best reception state then is arrived in adjusting
Output signal spreads out of next stage signal-corecting module；By filtering, the peaking circuit of integrating circuit and comparator composition
Afterwards, make input signal meet A D conversion chip input requirements；By pcb board interior cabling to FPGA acquisition module, FPGA's
Under reasonable timing control, signal via A D conversion chip convert analog signals into digital signal, then will be counted by PCB trace
Word signal is passed to USB3.0 data transmission module, and real time data acquisition is got off.Finally by data processing method, tested
Interpretation of result and system performance are measured.
2. a kind of based on a kind of data processing method of infrared interference signal acquiring system described in claim 1, feature exists
It is as follows in method and step:
1) data acquired under two groups of different temperatures are subjected to matrix recombination arrangement respectively, generate the interference pattern for directly displaying observation
Image data, wherein wrong interference pattern is positioned and excluded or repaired；
2) by calculating the Planck function under different blackbody temperatures, after the averaged image data and Fourier transformation of data
The average spectral data arrived, computing system response curve；
3) algorithm is used, response curve is made into curve fit process, removes influence of the laboratory steam to curve；
4) spectroradiometric quantity of the noise equivalent of system, i.e. noise equivalent spectral radiance are calculated.
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| CN113899714A (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2022-01-07 | 杭州谱育科技发展有限公司 | Data processing method of Fourier transform infrared spectrometer |
| CN113899715A (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2022-01-07 | 杭州谱育科技发展有限公司 | Method for reducing noise of Fourier transform infrared spectrometer |
| CN113899715B (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2024-04-09 | 杭州谱育科技发展有限公司 | Method for reducing noise of Fourier transform infrared spectrometer |
| CN113899714B (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2024-04-09 | 杭州谱育科技发展有限公司 | Data Processing Method of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer |
| CN117664338A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-03-08 | 杭州泽天春来科技股份有限公司 | Data processing method, system and readable medium of Fourier transform infrared spectrometer |
| CN117664338B (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-04-26 | 杭州泽天春来科技股份有限公司 | Data processing method, system and readable medium of Fourier transform infrared spectrometer |
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