CN109459157A - Cable tunnel temperature monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method - Google Patents
Cable tunnel temperature monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459157A CN109459157A CN201811568455.8A CN201811568455A CN109459157A CN 109459157 A CN109459157 A CN 109459157A CN 201811568455 A CN201811568455 A CN 201811568455A CN 109459157 A CN109459157 A CN 109459157A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/324—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Raman scattering
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cable tunnel temperature monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, technical problems to be solved are the profiling temperatures of real-time accurate measurements cable tunnel.The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of cable tunnel temperature monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, pulse laser, wavelength division multiplexer, photoelectric converter and signal processing unit, wavelength division multiplexer equipped with sequential connection are connected with multimode sensor fibre.The present invention is compared with prior art, go out the fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence of cable tunnel using Raman diffused light signal extraction, can in real time accurate measurements cable tunnel profiling temperatures, maintenance personnel is set to understand cable tunnel situation in real time, it can give a forecast before potential faults generation, the failure being likely to occur timely is handled, loss is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of temperature monitoring field of electric system, especially a kind of cable tunnel temperature monitoring system.
Technical background
Smart grid of electric system, including power plant, high-voltage fence, substation, power distribution station etc., specifically have generator,
The power equipments such as transformer, power cable, switch.Power equipment work usually under the environment such as high voltage, strong electrical field, thermic load
Make, and working environment is unattended also without artificial monitoring.Smart grid is related to the electricity consumption of huge numbers of families as engineering foundation facility
Demand, the running temperature of power equipment are to ensure a key factor of smart grid security operation.Either transformer, electric power
Cable or other power equipments, as the important link for constituting electric system, all probably due to some circuit problems or the external world
Factor so that hot-spot or generate arc spark and lead to fire, bring loss to people's production and life.Therefore in order to
Such malignant event is avoided to occur, urgent need carries out comprehensive temperature monitoring to power equipment.For for accommodating a large amount of apply
It is located at the corridor of the cable on cable bearer or the cable tunnel environment temperature of tunnel type structures, cable operation conditions can only
It is found when failure occurs, the runing time the long more is easy to happen overheat burn-through accident, thus may cause huge economic damage
It loses.
The electronic temperature sensor of the prior art is measured using point type temperature, is easy not being suitable for strong by electromagnetic interference
Electromagnetism scene, and fibre optic temperature sensor is highly suitable for electric system temperature monitoring not by electromagnetic interference.Optical fiber sensing
Device has: single point temperature sensor, quasi-distributed optical fiber temperature sensor.Single point temperature sensor for temperature field point is surveyed
Amount, measurement accuracy and high reliablity, but multiple spot distribution in temperature field is not easy to measure.It is asked to solve the measurement of temperature field multiple spot distribution
There is the quasi-distributed optical fiber temperature sensing that multiplexing type optical fiber temperature sensor and fibre optic temperature sensor array are constituted in topic
Device, quasi-distributed optical fiber temperature sensor constitutes spatial network distribution using single-point fibre optic sensor arra, to realize distribution
Optical fiber temperature-measurement, measurement accuracy and speed can be affected due to resolution ratio, bandwidth or space structure, can not accurately into
Trip temperature measurement and positioning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cable tunnel temperature monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method,
The technical issues of solution is the profiling temperatures of real-time accurate measurements cable tunnel.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of cable tunnel temperature monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method
System, pulse laser, wavelength division multiplexer, photoelectric converter and signal processing unit equipped with sequential connection, wavelength division multiplexer connect
It is connected to multimode sensor fibre；
The pulse laser generates pulse laser by the period level signal that signal processing unit issues, by pulse laser
It is sent to wavelength division multiplexer；
After the wavelength division multiplexer receives the pulse laser that pulse laser issues, Xiang Duomo sensor fibre sends the pulse
Laser signal；Wavelength division multiplexer receives the Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman stoke that multimode sensor fibre is reflected back
This scattering light, is sent to photoelectric converter；
The photoelectric converter receives the Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman stokes scattering of wavelength division multiplexer
Light converts optical signal into analog voltage signal, then analog voltage signal is sent to signal processing unit；
The signal processing unit receives the analog voltage signal that photoelectric converter is sent, and is translated into digital voltage letter
Number, extract the fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence in digital voltage signal.
Multimode sensor fibre of the invention uses high thermal conductivity type 62.5um multimode fibre, with cable parallel laid.
Signal processing unit of the invention is connected with background client terminal, and the fiber optic temperature of receipt signal processing unit is distributed letter
Breath allows client to know that fiber optic temperature is distributed.
Background client terminal of the invention is equipped with computer, and computer is connected with display and alarm device.
Fiber optic temperature species first recorded is that graphical format is transmitted to display by computer of the invention；The calculating
Machine sends alarm to alarm device, alarm device alarm.
The central wavelength of pulse laser of the invention is 1550nm, peak power 20mW, pulse width 10ns, is repeated
Frequency is 1kHz, and the period that the signal processing unit issues level signal is 0.1ms~1ms.
Signal processing unit of the invention is equipped with high-speed AD converter ADC capture card, high-speed AD converter ADC acquisition
Card is connected with on-site programmable gate array FPGA, and on-site programmable gate array FPGA is connected with queue serial peripheral through data/address bus
Interface protocol flash memories QSPI Flash and synchronous DRAM SDRAM.
Signal processing unit of the invention extracts the fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence step in digital voltage signal are as follows: in the period
For in the 100ms time, high-speed AD converter ADC capture card acquires the drawing of each point on the multimode sensor fibre of digital voltage signal
Graceful anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio signal are simultaneously stored in synchronous DRAM SDRAM,
Within each cycle time, high-speed AD converter ADC capture card repeated acquisition m times, on-site programmable gate array FPGA is linear
It is cumulative, then average value is acquired divided by m, m is 5000~10000.
On-site programmable gate array FPGA of the invention is pressed backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes
Scattering light and the corresponding relationship of temperature obtain Temperature Distribution along multimode sensor fibre:
T is absolute temperature to be measured；T0It is placed in insulating box inner part fiber segment initial alignment absolute temperature；H is Planck
Constant；Δ v is the frequency shift amount of Raman diffused light,C is vacuum light speed, and λ indicates optical maser wavelength, and Δ λ passes through light
Spectrometer measures the wavelength of Raman diffused light and optical maser wavelength presses Δ λ=λ-λaIt is calculated, λaFor Raman anti-Stokes scattering light
Wavelength；K is Boltzmann constant；Ln is natural logrithm symbol；Ia(T) it is Raman anti-Stokes under the conditions of absolute temperature T
Scatter the intensity of light, Is(T0) it is absolute temperature T0Under the conditions of Raman Stokes ratio intensity, IsIt (T) is absolute temperature
Spend the intensity of the Raman Stokes ratio under the conditions of T, Ia(T0) it is absolute temperature T0Under the conditions of Raman anti-Stokes dissipate
Penetrate the intensity of light.
After signal processing unit of the invention receives the analog voltage signal that photoelectric converter is sent, control arteries and veins is issued again
Level signal is rushed, issues next pulse laser to control pulse laser.
Compared with prior art, the present invention going out the fiber optic temperature distribution letter of cable tunnel using Raman diffused light signal extraction
Breath, can in real time accurate measurements cable tunnel profiling temperatures, so that maintenance personnel is understood cable tunnel situation in real time,
It can give a forecast before potential faults generation, the failure being likely to occur timely is handled, loss is reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of the signal processing unit of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram of background client terminal of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-1 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (one) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-2 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (two) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-3 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (three) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-4 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (four) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-5 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (five) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-6 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (six) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-7 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (seven) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-8 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (eight) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-9 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (nine) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-10 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (ten) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-11 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (11) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-12 is the signal processing circuit unit schematic diagram (12) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, cable tunnel temperature monitoring system (the temperature prison of the invention based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method
Examining system), pulse laser, wavelength division multiplexer, photoelectric converter, signal processing unit and backstage client equipped with sequential connection
End, wavelength division multiplexer are connected with multimode sensor fibre (optical fiber), and signal processing unit connects pulse laser.
Pulse laser generates pulse laser by the period level signal that signal processing unit issues, and pulse laser is sent
To wavelength division multiplexer.
The central wavelength of pulse laser is 1550nm, peak power 20mW, pulse width 10ns, and repetition rate is
1kHz.The period that signal processing unit issues level signal is 0.1ms~1ms.
Pulse laser is used to generate the pulse that excitation fiber material molecule generates scattering light in multimode sensor fibre and swashs
Light, scattering light contain Raman diffused light, and Raman diffused light is sensitive to temperature change, and obtaining Raman scattering optical signal can extract
Fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence.
In the present embodiment, pulse laser uses the BG-DTSS-M1-1550.12nm- of Xiamen Bi Ge Science and Technology Ltd.
10W-09MM-1m-FC/APC type pulse laser.
Wavelength division multiplexer is set there are three filter plate arranged side by side: central wavelength 1450nm backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering
Light band pass filter (the first filter plate), central wavelength are 1660nm backwards to Raman Stokes ratio band pass filter
(the second filter plate) and central wavelength are the incident pulse laser band pass filter (third filter plate) of 1550nm.
Raman anti-Stokes scattering light is that laser and fiber optic materials molecule collide and scatter wavelength and compare laser wave
Long shorter light.
Raman Stokes ratio is that laser and fiber optic materials molecule collide and scatter wavelength and compare optical maser wavelength
Longer light.
Backwards to for the laser opposite direction in the direction of propagation in a fiber.
The light passing range of first filter plate is 1445nm~1475nm, is filtered out except backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering light
Except light, only can pass through the first filter plate backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering light.The light passing range of second filter plate
For 1645nm~1680nm, the light in addition to backwards to Raman Stokes ratio is filtered out, only backwards to Raman Stokes
Scattering light can pass through the second filter plate.The light passing range of third filter plate is 1535nm~1565nm, only allows pulse laser
Pass through third filter plate.
It is 1550nm, peak power 20mW that wavelength division multiplexer, which receives the central wavelength that pulse laser issues, and pulse is wide
Degree is 10ns, and after repetition rate is the pulse laser of 1kHz, Xiang Duomo sensor fibre sends the pulsed laser signal, pulse laser
It collides with the material molecule of multimode sensor fibre and generates Raman diffused light, multimode sensor fibre is propagated back to backwards from optical fiber
The Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio come is respectively transmitted to photoelectricity after wavelength division multiplexer and turns
Parallel operation.
Wavelength division multiplexer receives the Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman stoke that multimode sensor fibre is reflected back
This scattering light, is transmitted directly to photoelectric converter.
In the present embodiment, wavelength division multiplexer uses the BG-WDM-M1-30MM-1m-FC/ of Xiamen Bi Ge Science and Technology Ltd.
APC type wavelength division multiplexer.
Photoelectric converter receives the Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio letter of wavelength division multiplexer
Number, and analog voltage signal is converted optical signal into, then analog voltage signal is sent to signal processing unit.
Photoelectric converter is equipped with indium gallium arsenic avalanche photodide APD, is integrated with signal conditioning circuit and amplifying circuit.Its
In, photodiode converts optical signal into current signal, and current signal is converted voltage signal by signal conditioning circuit, amplification
Circuit enhances amplification voltage signal again.
The responsive bandwidth of photoelectric converter is 150MHz, and response wave length is 900nm~1700nm.
Photoelectric converter receives the optical signal for the pulse laser that multimode sensor fibre end reflection returns through wavelength division multiplexer,
It is converted into electric signal and is sent to signal processing unit.
Photoelectric converter is equipped with the output interface of the interface and electric signal that receive optical signal, and output interface connects signal processing list
The electric signal input interface of member.In the present embodiment, photoelectric converter uses the BG-DTSA-M1- of Xiamen Bi Ge Science and Technology Ltd.
150MHz-CN2-30MM-1m-FC/APC type photoelectric converter.
As shown in Fig. 2, signal processing unit is equipped with high-speed AD converter ADC capture card, ADC capture card is connected with scene
Programmable gate array FPGA, FPGA are connected with a queue serial peripheral interface protocol flash memories QSPI Flash through data/address bus
With a synchronous DRAM SDRAM.
In the present embodiment, ADC capture card uses AFE5801 type ADC capture card, and FPGA uses 10M16DCF256I7G type
FPGA, QSPI Flash use S25FL1285 type flash memories, and SDRAM is stored using MT48LC8M16A2P type synchronous dynamic random
Device.
FPGA is communicated to connect through serial communication interface RS485 and backup sensors such as gas, water level sensor, through asynchronous
Communication serial port UART-TTL and the computer of FPGA Debugging communicate to connect, and transport FPGA through joint test working group interface JTAG
Row system is written to FPGA, the work light WORK-LED of display FPGA working condition is connected with, through data transmission interface PHY
The RJ45 of DP83822 connection is used for backstage client transmissions temperature information data, or through data transmission interface PHY 88B3082
To backstage client transmissions temperature information data.Communication interface described in this paragraph and data transmission interface as standby functions interface,
Connection uses according to actual needs.
This support of the Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman that two APD that ADC capture card receives photoelectric converter are sent
Ke Si scatters the analog voltage signal of light, is translated into digital voltage signal, is transmitted to PFGA, digital voltage signal includes
Fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence.FPGA receives digital voltage signal, and the fiber optic temperature distribution in digital voltage signal is extracted in demodulation
Information.Flash is used to store the digital voltage signal data of FPGA for storing FPGA operating system, SDRAM.
Demodulation extract digital voltage signal in include fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence step are as follows: the period be 100ms (pulse
Laser frequency is 1kHz) in the time, ADC capture card acquires the signal (Raman of each point on the optical fiber for including in digital voltage signal
Anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio signal), acquisition, which finishes, to be stored in SDRAM, at each period
In, signal m times of ADC capture card repeated acquisition each point, the signal that FPGA acquires optical fiber each point m times distinguishes linear superposition,
Average signal value (fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence) is acquired divided by m again, for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of signal.M is 5000~10000.
Being mathematically represented as of its process (method of Zhou Shengjun, Liu Fengjun, Cai Yuqin distributed optical fiber temperature sensor signal processing and
Realize piezoelectricity and acousto-optic .1998,20 (3): 156-158):
If measured signal expression formula are as follows: f (t)=S (t)+N (t), wherein S (t) is signal, and N (t) is noise.To optical fiber
All sampling is primary every time T for each point, wherein i-th point of kth time sampling value expression are as follows:
f(ti+ kT)=S (ti+kT)+N(ti+kT)
Through the secondary sampling of m (k), linear superposition is carried out to each sampled value, then i-th point of cumulative signal intensity are as follows:
N (t) is random noise, and σ is the virtual value of random noise, then output signal-to-noise ratio are as follows:
As it can be seen that the signal-to-noise ratio of output signal improvesTimes.
Fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence is sent to background client terminal by signal processing unit.
Previous pulse laser is transferred to the optical signal that multimode sensor fibre is reflected back and turns through wavelength division multiplexer, photoelectric converter
Change analog voltage signal into, after signal processing unit receives, signal processing unit issues the control impulse level signal (period again
Level signal), next pulse laser is issued to control pulse laser.
As shown in Fig. 4-1 to Fig. 4-12, Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio pass through photoelectricity
The analog electrical signal of converter output is inputted from the end P1 and P2 as Figure 4-Figure 6 respectively, is coupled with the VIN S, VIN of amplifier
AS pin, two input signals are respectively converted into two analog difference signal VO S P1, VO S N1, VO after amplifier
AS P1, VO AS N1, this four analog signals are drawn from the CH1_P of ADC chip AFE5801, CH1_N, CH2_P, CH2_N respectively
Foot input, converts digital signal for analog signal by ADC chip, respectively from DO4_N, DO4_P, DO5_P, DO5_N pin
Output, for the digital signal respectively from the F16 of fpga chip 10M16DCF256I7G, G16, C15, D15 pin inputs (such as Fig. 4-3
The part shown fpga chip BANK6), the fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence in digital voltage signal is extracted in FPGA demodulation, and by temperature
Distributed intelligence is from A5, the output of B4 pin, is transmitted to the TX_D0 of PHY chip DP83822, TX_D1 pin, PHY chip by signal from
TD_M, TD_P pin export to the 1 of RJ45,2 pins and are transferred to the meter of background client terminal by Ethernet as shown in Fig. 4-11
Calculation machine.
The fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence data of background client terminal receipt signal processing unit export to display, allow client
Know fiber optic temperature and tunnel cable Temperature Distribution, understands the operation conditions of cable in time.
As shown in figure 3, background client terminal is equipped with computer, computer is connected with display and alarm device.
In the present embodiment, computer uses 3550 type computer of Dell DELL VOSTRO, and display uses Samsung
S24D300 escope, alarm device uses can Lay spy's QLIGHT S60R type alarm device.
The obtained fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence of demodulation is sent to background client terminal computer by FPGA, and computer is by optical fiber temperature
Degree species first recorded is that graphical format is transmitted to display, and user is facilitated to know monitored tunnel temperature situation.If
Monitoring system has abnormal conditions, and computer then sends alarm to alarm device, alarm device alarm.
Multimode sensor fibre receives the pulsed laser signal of wavelength division multiplexer, transmits, is transmitted across to optical fiber connector along optical fiber
The effect of colliding of Cheng Zhongyu optical fiber molecule inspires scattered light signal (Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman stoke
This scattering light).
Pulse laser is transferred to optical signal that multimode sensor fibre end reflection returns through wavelength division multiplexer, photoelectric converter,
To signal processing unit.
In the present embodiment, multimode sensor fibre uses high thermal conductivity type 62.5um multimode fibre, with cable parallel laid, tail
End is not connected to.
The temperature monitoring system course of work of the invention are as follows:
Signal processing unit control pulse laser with the repetition rate of 1kHz issue pulse width be 10ns, central wavelength
For the pulse laser of 1550nm, pulse laser is incident from the port 1550nm (third filter) of wavelength division multiplexer, multiple from wavelength-division
The pulse laser of 1550nm is emitted with the common fiber port COM port of device, into multimode sensor fibre.
The pulse laser that central wavelength is 1550nm is sent out during multimode sensor fibre is propagated with fiber optic materials molecule
After raw effect scattering, meeting backscattering simultaneously propagates Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio.
Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio are all from the common fiber port of wavelength division multiplexer
COM port is incident, and Raman anti-Stokes scattering light is from the 1450nm entry port of wavelength division multiplexer, by first filter
Afterwards, from 1450nm exit ports, into photoelectric converter.The 1660nm of Raman Stokes ratio from wavelength division multiplexer is incident
Port, after second filter, from 1660nm exit ports, into photoelectric converter.
Photoelectric converter respectively will be from the received Raman anti-Stokes scattering light of wavelength division multiplexer and Raman Stokes
Scattering light is converted to analog voltage signal, and two analog voltage signal is transmitted to signal processing by amplifying circuit amplification
Unit.
The high-speed AD converter ADC capture card of signal processing unit acquires photoelectric converter with the sample frequency of 100MHz
The analog voltage signal of transmission, and FPGA is sent to after sample information is converted into digital voltage signal.
FPGA demodulates voltage signal to sampled signal, carries out cumulative mean, noise reduction process, and multiple repairing weld signal adds up
After do average computation processing, to improve signal-to-noise ratio, by backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio
(Zhang Xuan, Wang Jianfeng, remaining equal .Raman scatter-type distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method eastwards are ground with the corresponding relationship of temperature
Study carefully optoelectronic laser, 2001,12 (6): 596-600), obtain Temperature Distribution along multimode sensor fibre:
In formula (1), T is absolute temperature to be measured；
T0It is placed in insulating box inner part fiber segment initial alignment absolute temperature, measures calibration using insulating box；
H is planck constant, and energy unit is h=6.6260693 (11) × 10^ (- 34) Js；
Δ v is the frequency shift amount of Raman diffused light, is calculated according to the wavelength of Raman diffused light and optical maser wavelength difference Δ λ:C is vacuum light speed, and λ indicates optical maser wavelength (the central wavelength 1550nm of pulse laser), and Δ λ passes through spectrum
Instrument measures the wavelength of Raman diffused light and optical maser wavelength presses Δ λ=λ-λaIt is calculated, λaFor Raman anti-Stokes scattering light wave
It is long；
K is Boltzmann constant, and Ek=(3/2) kt, Ek are the mean kinetic energy of individual molecule, and t is thermodynamic temperature, and k is
Coefficient is a constant, illustrates that the mean kinetic energy of single gas molecule is only related with thermodynamic temperature t, and be linear relationship；
Ln is natural logrithm symbol；Ia(T) be Raman anti-Stokes scattering light under the conditions of absolute temperature T intensity,
It is obtained by photoelectric converter measurement, Is(T0) it is absolute temperature T0Under the conditions of Raman Stokes ratio intensity, by light
Electric transducer measurement obtains, Is(T) be Raman Stokes ratio under the conditions of absolute temperature T intensity, Ia(T0) it is exhausted
To temperature T0Under the conditions of Raman anti-Stokes scattering light intensity, Ia(T)、IsIt (T) is photoelectricity two in photoelectric converter respectively
The signal for the light intensity that pole pipe measures is translated into digital voltage signal by photoelectric converter, obtained anti-Stokes scattering
Luminous intensity and anti-Stokes scattering luminous intensity.
According to the above-mentioned corresponding relationship backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio and temperature,
Solution formula (1) can obtain the temperature value T of each monitoring point on multimode sensor fibre, draw out along Temperature Distribution.
Previous pulse laser is transferred to the optical signal of multimode sensor fibre end reflection time through wavelength division multiplexer, photoelectric conversion
Device after signal processing unit receives, issues impulse level signal (period level signal), and control pulse laser issues next arteries and veins
Impulse light.
The present invention can be scattered during multimode sensor fibre transmits using pulse laser, and it is anti-to scatter Raman backward
Stokes ratio and Raman Stokes ratio, backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman stokes scattering
Light enters photoelectric converter by wavelength division multiplexer, and photoelectric converter will be backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman this support
Ke Si scattering light is converted to voltage signal and input signal processing unit, and signal processing unit does the voltage signal received tired
Add average and noise reduction process, demodulated signal, obtain temperature distribution history along multimode sensor fibre, and transfers data to backstage
Client provides monitoring data to engineering staff.
Temperature monitoring system of the invention, the temperature distribution state of real-time monitoring cable tunnel improve power train unified test
The intelligence of temperature.For cable tunnel environment temperature regime, cable operation conditions can be monitored in real time cable tunnel temperature, make
Maintenance personnel can understand the working condition of cable tunnel in real time, can give a forecast before potential faults generation, thus to can
The failure that can occur timely is handled, and the loss of failure bring is reduced.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cable tunnel temperature monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, it is characterised in that: equipped with sequentially connecting
Pulse laser, wavelength division multiplexer, photoelectric converter and the signal processing unit connect, wavelength division multiplexer are connected with multimode sense light
It is fine；
The pulse laser generates pulse laser by the period level signal that signal processing unit issues, and pulse laser is sent
To wavelength division multiplexer；
After the wavelength division multiplexer receives the pulse laser that pulse laser issues, Xiang Duomo sensor fibre sends the pulse laser
Signal；Wavelength division multiplexer receives the Raman anti-Stokes scattering light that multimode sensor fibre is reflected back and Raman Stokes dissipates
Light is penetrated, photoelectric converter is sent to；
The photoelectric converter receives the Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio of wavelength division multiplexer, will
Optical signal is converted into analog voltage signal, then analog voltage signal is sent to signal processing unit；
The signal processing unit receives the analog voltage signal that photoelectric converter is sent, and is translated into digital voltage signal,
Extract the fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence in digital voltage signal.
2. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 1 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
Be: the multimode sensor fibre uses high thermal conductivity type 62.5um multimode fibre, with cable parallel laid.
3. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 2 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
Be: the signal processing unit is connected with background client terminal, the fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence of receipt signal processing unit, allows visitor
Family knows that fiber optic temperature is distributed.
4. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 3 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
Be: the background client terminal is equipped with computer, and computer is connected with display and alarm device.
5. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 4 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
Be: fiber optic temperature species first recorded is that graphical format is transmitted to display by the computer；The computer is sent
Alarm is to alarm device, alarm device alarm.
6. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 5 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
Be: the central wavelength of the pulse laser is 1550nm, peak power 20mW, pulse width 10ns, and repetition rate is
1kHz, the period that the signal processing unit issues level signal is 0.1ms~1ms.
7. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 6 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
Be: the signal processing unit is equipped with high-speed AD converter (ADC) capture card, high-speed AD converter (ADC) capture card
It is connected with field programmable gate array (FPGA), field programmable gate array (FPGA) is connected with outside queued serial through data/address bus
Enclose interface protocol flash memories (QSPI Flash) and synchronous DRAM (SDRAM).
8. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 7 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
Be: the signal processing unit extracts the fiber optic temperature distributed intelligence step in digital voltage signal are as follows: in the period is 100ms
In time, the Raman that high-speed AD converter (ADC) capture card acquires each point on the multimode sensor fibre of digital voltage signal is anti-
Stokes ratio and Raman Stokes ratio signal are simultaneously stored in synchronous DRAM (SDRAM),
In each cycle time, high-speed AD converter (ADC) capture card repeated acquisition m times, field programmable gate array (FPGA) line
Property it is cumulative, then acquire average value divided by m, m is 5000~10000.
9. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 8 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
Be: the field programmable gate array (FPGA) is pressed backwards to Raman anti-Stokes scattering light and Raman Stokes ratio
Temperature Distribution along multimode sensor fibre is obtained with the corresponding relationship of temperature:
T is absolute temperature to be measured；T0It is placed in insulating box inner part fiber segment initial alignment absolute temperature；H is planck constant；
Δ v is the frequency shift amount of Raman diffused light,C is vacuum light speed, and λ indicates optical maser wavelength, and Δ λ passes through spectrometer
The wavelength and optical maser wavelength for measuring Raman diffused light press Δ λ=λ-λaIt is calculated, λaFor Raman anti-Stokes scattering light wave
It is long；K is Boltzmann constant；Ln is natural logrithm symbol；IaIt (T) is that Raman anti-Stokes under the conditions of absolute temperature T dissipates
Penetrate the intensity of light, Is(T0) it is absolute temperature T0Under the conditions of Raman Stokes ratio intensity, IsIt (T) is absolute temperature T
Under the conditions of Raman Stokes ratio intensity, Ia(T0) it is absolute temperature T0Under the conditions of Raman anti-Stokes scattering
The intensity of light.
10. the cable tunnel temperature monitoring system according to claim 1 based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, feature
It is: after the signal processing unit receives the analog voltage signal that photoelectric converter is sent, issues control impulse level again
Signal issues next pulse laser to control pulse laser.
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