CN109453414A - 一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料 - Google Patents
一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109453414A CN109453414A CN201811124527.XA CN201811124527A CN109453414A CN 109453414 A CN109453414 A CN 109453414A CN 201811124527 A CN201811124527 A CN 201811124527A CN 109453414 A CN109453414 A CN 109453414A
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- dressing
- liver
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- pharmaceutical preparation
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Abstract
本发明提供一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,属于医疗用品技术领域,包括涂有医用粘胶的外层、与所述外层相粘接的保护层及设置在所述外层和保护层之间的敷料层,所述外层为棉纤维或竹炭纤维,所述保护层为隔离纸,所述敷料层由纱布和由所述纱布包裹的药物制剂制成,所述外层的两端设置绑带。本发明制备的敷料贴于伤口处,使用时,将隔离纸剥去,将敷料层对准伤口粘接即可,非常方便,透气性好;敷料层的药物制剂能够有效抑菌,减少术后伤口的感染率,同时缓解伤口疼痛,快速加快伤口愈合,促进皮肤细胞新陈代谢,且治疗后无明显疤痕,疗效显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗用品技术领域,具体涉及一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料。
背景技术
肝胆外科主要研究肝细胞癌、肝胆管结石、肝炎后肝硬化和重型肝炎所致的急性肝功能衰竭是严重威胁国人健康的重大疾病。肝胆疾病起病急、病情重、进展快、手术难度较大,因而患者负性心理重,在手术后发生并发症的可能性更高,术后感染率较高,如何避免病患术后受痛症折磨,提高肝胆外科手术后的恢复速度,改善术后肝胆病人的身体机能,是目前肝胆外科医护人员需要去研究的方向。肝胆外科患者多采用开腹手术方法进行治疗,但手术进行时间通常较长、手术过程中出血量较大,且患者伤口长时间暴露,诸多因素导致手术切口感染成为肝胆外科患者常见并发症。现有的镇痛药物毒副作用大,易成瘾,皮肤修复所需的时间较长,留下疤痕明显。因此,研制一种适用于肝胆外科术后抗感染、止痛,快速加快伤口愈合的敷料迫在眉睫。
公开号为CN101947330A的专利文献公开了一种银离子抗菌医用敷料,由上而下依次为离型纸、隔离层、银离子抗菌层、吸水层及粘贴层,其中银离子抗菌层由粘胶纤维和杨纤组成,且杨纤含量不低于20%;粘贴层采用100%的全粘胶。本发明的银离子抗菌医用敷料制备方法包括:染色、附银离子抗菌剂、烘干、与粘胶纤维混合、织布、腹膜分切、制贴六个步骤。该敷料用SHL-106银离子溶液浸轧杨纤后与粘胶纤维混合纺织成抗菌层,不能有效促进伤口愈合,伤口恢复较慢,仍会留疤,且止痛,抗感染效果差。
公开号为CN107496911A的专利文献公开了一种外科手术后用于防肿胀、抗感染的愈合剂,所述愈合剂包括0.05-0.1重量%的西吡氯铵、1-2重量%的舍雷肽酶、50-70重量%的表皮生长因子、0.5-0.8重量%的黄原胶、5-10重量%的胶原蛋白、0.2重量%的苯氧乙醇、0.6-0.8重量%的乙基己基甘油、16.1-42.65重量%的纤维蛋白溶酶。该发明的愈合剂直接放置在创口内或创口表面上,需要每天涂抹,使用不便,且该愈合剂止痛,抗菌抗感染效果差。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,透气性好,能够有效抑菌,用药后能缓解伤口疼痛,快速加快伤口愈合,促进皮肤细胞新陈代谢,且治疗后无疤痕,抗菌抗感染,疗效显著。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采取的技术方案是:
一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,包括涂有医用粘胶的外层、与所述外层相粘接的保护层及设置在所述外层和保护层之间的敷料层,所述外层为棉纤维或竹炭纤维,所述保护层为隔离纸,所述敷料层由纱布和由所述纱布包裹的药物制剂制成,所述外层的两端设置绑带。
优选的,所述药物制剂为粉状。
优选的,所述药物制剂由以下重量份数的原料制成:蜈蚣提取物3-6份、亚乎奴15-20份、缬草5-8份、雅红隆3-5份、青黛4-7份、炉甘石6-10份、表皮生长因子0.4-0.8份、生理盐水40-52份、聚乙二醇4-8份。
优选的,所述炉甘石的粒径为10-100nm。
优选的,所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法为:取蜈蚣,加入白酒浸泡30min后,加入桐油,加热煎煮2-3h后,过滤,取滤液加水,静置1h后,室温下以6000-8000r/min的转速离心10-15min,取上清液,即得。
优选的,所述蜈蚣:白酒:桐油的重量比为1:6-8:3-5。
优选的,所述白酒的度数为50-60度。
优选的,所述药物制剂的制备方法包含以下步骤:
S1:将亚乎奴、缬草、雅红隆、青黛捡净,干燥,灭菌、粉碎后,放入汽爆机中汽爆,得到汽爆破壁粉;
S2:将步骤S1得到的汽爆破壁粉与炉甘石混合,得到物料一;
S3:将表皮生长因子和生理盐水混合后,加入聚乙二醇,室温下以300-400r/min的转速搅拌5-10min后,加入步骤S2得到的物料一和蜈蚣提取物,调整转速为100-200r/min,搅拌45-60min后,干燥,粉碎,得到药物制剂。
优选的,所述药物制剂的制备方法,步骤S1中,汽爆压力为0.8-1.2MPa,温度为110-130℃,时间为10-15min。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明包括涂有医用粘胶的外层、与外层相粘接的保护层、设置在外层和保护层之间的敷料层。外层为棉纤维或竹炭纤维,透气,且阻挡细菌入侵,医用粘胶为医用压敏胶,保护层为隔离纸,对外层和敷料层进行保护,保护医用粘胶的粘接性。敷料层由纱布和由该纱布包裹的药物制剂制成。使用时,将隔离纸剥去,将敷料层对准伤口粘接即可。外层的两端设置绑带,粘贴后,用绑带系上,更加牢固。
本发明中药物制剂为粉状,由纱布包裹,蜈蚣味辛,归肝经,息风镇痉,攻毒散结,通络止痛,抗真菌。本发明将蜈蚣用白酒浸泡后,消肿,止痛,化淤,加入具有较强的活血化瘀功能的桐油,离心提取,提取物具有解毒散结、消炎止痛、杀菌,防止伤口再次感染。
亚乎奴归经甘、苦,温,消肿止痛,止血,生肌,用于外伤肿痛,创伤出血。
缬草性温,安神、理气,止痛镇静。
雅红隆活血散瘀,麻醉止痛,止血生肌,
青黛具有较好的抑菌作用,含有的色胺酮为抗皮肤病真菌的活性成分,对羊毛状小孢子菌、石膏样小孢子菌等均有较强的抑制作用,
炉甘石防腐、止痒、敛疮,治疗皮肤炎症或表面创伤,与青黛相结合,抑制葡萄球菌的生长。
表皮生长因子上治疗皮肤外伤,术后创口,褥疮,口腔溃疡和坏疽以及放射治疗引起的皮炎等。它可以加速伤口和溃疡面的愈合,促进人皮肤的新陈代谢、减少皮肤畸形。本发明选用的表皮生长因子购于Sigma公司,为粒径小于10nm的粉体,质量分数大于99%。选用生理盐水溶解表皮生长因子后,加入聚乙二醇,对表皮生长因子进行保护,更好的发挥药用价值。
本发明制备的敷料贴于伤口处,使用时,将隔离纸剥去,将敷料层对准伤口粘接即可,非常方便,透气性好。敷料层的药物制剂能够有效抑菌,减少术后伤口的感染率,同时缓解伤口疼痛,快速加快伤口愈合,促进皮肤细胞新陈代谢,且治疗后无明显疤痕,疗效显著。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
图1是本发明实施例1的敷料的剖视图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例的附图1,对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明中,实施例1-8中,生理盐水为0.9%的氯化钠水溶液,表皮生长因子购于Sigma公司,为粒径小于10nm的粉体,质量分数大于99%。
表1 实施例1-6中药物制剂各组分的含量(份)
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | |
蜈蚣提取物 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 | 4.5 | 5 | 6 |
亚乎奴 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
缬草 | 5 | 5.5 | 6 | 7 | 7.5 | 8 |
雅红隆 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 5 |
青黛 | 4 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 6 | 6.5 | 7 |
炉甘石 | 6 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
表皮生长因子 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
生理盐水 | 40 | 45 | 48 | 48 | 50 | 52 |
聚乙二醇 | 4 | 4.8 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
实施例1
如图1所示,本实施例提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,包括涂有医用粘胶2的外层1、与所述外层1相粘接的保护层4及设置在所述外层1和保护层4之间的敷料层3,所述外层1为棉纤维,所述保护层4为隔离纸,所述敷料层3由纱布和由所述纱布包裹的药物制剂制成,所述外层1的两端设置绑带5。
医用粘胶2为医用压敏胶,敷料层3和外层1之间通过医用粘胶相连接,敷料层3的尺寸小于外层1的尺寸,外层1多出的边沿也涂有医用粘胶,与保护层4相粘接。外层1的两端设有通孔,用于固定绑带5。使用时,将敷料贴于伤口处后,用绑带5系在患者的腰部,固定更加牢固。
所述药物制剂由表1所示的重量份数的组分制成。
所述炉甘石的粒径为100nm。
所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法为:取蜈蚣,加入50度的白酒浸泡30min后,加入桐油,加热煎煮3h后,过滤,取滤液加水,静置1h后,室温下以6000r/min的转速离心15min,取上清液,即得。
所述蜈蚣:白酒:桐油的重量比为1:8:5。
所述药物制剂的制备方法包含以下步骤:
S1:将亚乎奴、缬草、雅红隆、青黛捡净,干燥,灭菌、粉碎后,放入汽爆机中汽爆,得到汽爆破壁粉,汽爆压力为0.8MPa,温度为110℃,时间为15min;
S2:将步骤S1得到的汽爆破壁粉与炉甘石混合,得到物料一;
S3:将表皮生长因子和生理盐水混合后,加入聚乙二醇,室温下以300r/min的转速搅拌10min后,加入步骤S2得到的物料一和蜈蚣提取物,调整转速为100r/min,搅拌60min后,干燥,粉碎,粒度为200目,得到药物制剂。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,是在实施例1的基础上进行的改进:本实施例中外层为竹炭纤维。
所述药物制剂由表1所示的重量份数的组分制成。
所述炉甘石的粒径为80nm。
所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法为:取蜈蚣,加入55度的白酒浸泡30min后,加入桐油,加热煎煮2.5h后,过滤,取滤液加水,静置1h后,室温下以7000r/min的转速离心12min,取上清液,即得。
所述蜈蚣:白酒:桐油的重量比为1:7:4。
所述药物制剂的制备方法包含以下步骤:
S1:将亚乎奴、缬草、雅红隆、青黛捡净,干燥,灭菌、粉碎后,放入汽爆机中汽爆,得到汽爆破壁粉,汽爆压力为1MPa,温度为120℃,时间为13min;
S2:将步骤S1得到的汽爆破壁粉与炉甘石混合,得到物料一;
S3:将表皮生长因子和生理盐水混合后,加入聚乙二醇,室温下以350r/min的转速搅拌8min后,加入步骤S2得到的物料一和蜈蚣提取物,调整转速为150r/min,搅拌55min后,干燥,粉碎,粒度为200目,得到药物制剂。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,是在实施例1的基础上进行的改进:
所述药物制剂由表1所示的重量份数的组分制成。
所述炉甘石的粒径为50nm。
所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法为:取蜈蚣,加入60度的白酒浸泡30min后,加入桐油,加热煎煮2h后,过滤,取滤液加水,静置1h后,室温下以8000r/min的转速离心10min,取上清液,即得。
所述蜈蚣:白酒:桐油的重量比为1:6:3。
所述药物制剂的制备方法包含以下步骤:
S1:将亚乎奴、缬草、雅红隆、青黛捡净,干燥,灭菌、粉碎后,放入汽爆机中汽爆,得到汽爆破壁粉,汽爆压力为1.2MPa,温度为130℃,时间为15min;
S2:将步骤S1得到的汽爆破壁粉与炉甘石混合,得到物料一;
S3:将表皮生长因子和生理盐水混合后,加入聚乙二醇,室温下以400r/min的转速搅拌5min后,加入步骤S2得到的物料一和蜈蚣提取物,调整转速为100r/min,搅拌45min后,干燥,粉碎,粒度为200目,得到药物制剂。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,是在实施例1的基础上进行的改进:
所述药物制剂由表1所示的重量份数的组分制成。
所述炉甘石的粒径为50nm。
所述所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法和所述药物制剂的制备方法均同实施例1。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,是在实施例1的基础上进行的改进:
所述药物制剂由表1所示的重量份数的组分制成。
所述炉甘石的粒径为50nm。
所述所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法和所述药物制剂的制备方法均同实施例2。
实施例6
本实施例提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,是在实施例1的基础上进行的改进:
所述药物制剂由表1所示的重量份数的组分制成。
所述炉甘石的粒径为10nm。
所述所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法和所述药物制剂的制备方法均同实施例3。
实施例7
本实施例提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,是在实施例1的基础上进行的改进:所述药物制剂中各组分及含量同实施例1,但与实施例1不同的是,本实施例中增加4重量份的厚朴。
所述所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法和所述药物制剂的制备方法均同实施例2,不同的是,步骤S1:将亚乎奴、缬草、雅红隆、青黛、厚朴捡净,干燥,灭菌、粉碎后,放入汽爆机中汽爆,得到汽爆破壁粉,汽爆压力为1MPa,温度为120℃,时间为13min。
实施例8
本实施例提供了一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,是在实施例1的基础上进行的改进:所述药物制剂中各组分及含量同实施例1,但与实施例1不同的是,本实施例中增加5重量份的厚朴。
所述所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法和所述药物制剂的制备方法均同实施例2,不同的是,步骤S1:将亚乎奴、缬草、雅红隆、青黛、厚朴捡净,干燥,灭菌、粉碎后,放入汽爆机中汽爆,得到汽爆破壁粉,汽爆压力为1MPa,温度为120℃,时间为13min。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种药物制剂,所述药物制剂中各组分含量及制备方法均同实施例1,但与实施例1不同的是,本对比例中缺少蜈蚣提取物。
对比例2
本对比例提供一种药物制剂,所述药物制剂中各组分含量及制备方法均同实施例1,所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法为:取蜈蚣,加入桐油,加热煎煮3h后,过滤,取滤液加水,静置1h后,室温下以6000r/min的转速离心15min,取上清液,即得。
所述蜈蚣:桐油的重量比为1:5。
对比例3
本对比例提供一种药物制剂,所述药物制剂中各组分含量及制备方法均同实施例1,但与实施例1不同的是,本对比例中省略亚乎奴和炉甘石。
对比例4
本对比例提供一种药物制剂,所述药物制剂中各组分含量同实施例1,但与实施例1不同的是,本对比例中缺少表面生长因子、生理盐水和聚乙二醇。所述药物制剂的制备方法同实施例1,但与实施例1不同的是,本对比例步骤S3:将步骤S2得到的物料一和蜈蚣提取物混合,室温下调整转速为100r/min,搅拌60min后,干燥,粉碎,粒度为200目,得到药物制剂。
效果评价
资料:选取2016年10月至2018年5月收治肝胆外科手术患者300例,随机分成12组,每组25例,每组患者在年龄、病程等一般资料无统计学差异。选择中医诊断手术之后感染为标准:肢体有外伤或者手术之后伤口感染、发炎、发烧、化脓、伤口不愈合,局部红、肿、热、痛等临床症状一项或多项。如上症状,即可确诊。在确诊观察的对象中,男性200例,女性100例,无其它严重疾病,年龄为30岁-55岁。
疗效判定:1.痊愈:伤口完全愈合,局部无红、肿、热、痛,临床症状完全消失。
2.显效:创口发炎明显缓解,发烧消退;红肿溃烂明显减轻;创口长出新肉,伤口愈合。
3.有效:创口发炎有所缓解。
4.无效:创口疼痛不减,伤口不愈合。
临床实验时,停服其它药物和保健营养品。服用上述实施例1-8和对比例1-4所得敷料贴于患处,前一周,每日更换2次,之后每日更换1次,观察一个月,为一个疗程。
表2 疗效评价结果
组别/指标 | 总数/人 | 痊愈/人 | 显效/人 | 有效/人 | 无效 | 总有效率/% |
实施例1 | 25 | 18 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 92.00 |
实施例2 | 25 | 18 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 92.00 |
实施例3 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 92.00 |
实施例4 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 96.00 |
实施例5 | 25 | 19 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 96.00 |
实施例6 | 25 | 20 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 96.00 |
实施例7 | 25 | 21 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 100.00 |
实施例8 | 25 | 22 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 100.00 |
对比例1 | 25 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 68.00 |
对比例2 | 25 | 13 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 80.00 |
对比例3 | 25 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 76.00 |
对比例4 | 25 | 15 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 80.00 |
表2结果显示,本发明的有效率达到92%以上,实施例7和8添加了厚朴,厚朴味辛、性温,具有行气化湿、温中止痛、降逆平喘的功效,对葡萄球菌、链球菌、具核梭杆菌等有较强的抗菌作用,有效率达到100%,效果显著。对比例1省略蜈蚣提取物,对比例2蜈蚣提取物的提取方法中,没有用白酒浸泡蜈蚣提取物,对比例3缺少亚乎奴和炉甘石,工艺均未改变,但药效明显下降,说明本发明各成分之间协同作用,从而使药效发挥显著;对比例4缺少表面生长因子、生理盐水和聚乙二醇,说明表面生长因子能够有效快速促进伤口愈合,加入聚乙二醇,对表皮生长因子进行保护,更好的发挥药用价值。
典型案例:
张某,女,45岁,河南南阳人,左半肝切除术,采用本发明实施例8的敷料,贴到患处,3天后伤口发热、溃烂症状消失,继续用药2天后,红肿、疼痛症状减轻,一周后,伤口愈合,一个月后痊愈,3个月后访查,疤痕软化,色泽变淡。
李某,男,48岁,河南南阳人,腹腔镜胆囊部分切除术,术后伤口出现红肿、发热、疼痛现象,采用本发明实施例7的敷料,贴到患处,用药3天后,红肿、疼痛症状消失,一周后,伤口愈合,痊愈,3个月后访查,疤痕软化,色泽变淡,接近正常肤色。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下,还可以作出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:包括涂有医用粘胶的外层、与所述外层相粘接的保护层及设置在所述外层和保护层之间的敷料层,所述外层为棉纤维或竹炭纤维,所述保护层为隔离纸,所述敷料层由纱布和由所述纱布包裹的药物制剂制成,所述外层的两端设置绑带。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:所述药物制剂为粉状。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:所述药物制剂由以下重量份数的原料制成:蜈蚣提取物3-6份、亚乎奴15-20份、缬草5-8份、雅红隆3-5份、青黛4-7份、炉甘石6-10份、表皮生长因子0.4-0.8份、生理盐水40-52份、聚乙二醇4-8份。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:所述炉甘石的粒径为10-100nm。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:所述蜈蚣提取物的提取方法为:取蜈蚣,加入白酒浸泡30min后,加入桐油,加热煎煮2-3h后,过滤,取滤液加水,静置1h后,室温下以6000-8000r/min的转速离心10-15min,取上清液,即得。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:所述蜈蚣:白酒:桐油的重量比为1:6-8:3-5。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:所述白酒的度数为50-60度。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:所述药物制剂的制备方法包含以下步骤:
S1:将亚乎奴、缬草、雅红隆、青黛捡净,干燥,灭菌、粉碎后,放入汽爆机中汽爆,得到汽爆破壁粉;
S2:将步骤S1得到的汽爆破壁粉与炉甘石混合,得到物料一;
S3:将表皮生长因子和生理盐水混合后,加入聚乙二醇,室温下以300-400r/min的转速搅拌5-10min后,加入步骤S2得到的物料一和蜈蚣提取物,调整转速为100-200r/min,搅拌45-60min后,干燥,粉碎,得到药物制剂。
9.如权利要求8所述的一种肝胆外科术后抗感染的敷料,其特征在于:所述药物制剂的制备方法,步骤S1中,汽爆压力为0.8-1.2MPa,温度为110-130℃,时间为10-15min。
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