CN109451913A - A kind of storage method of corn seed - Google Patents
A kind of storage method of corn seed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109451913A CN109451913A CN201811530096.7A CN201811530096A CN109451913A CN 109451913 A CN109451913 A CN 109451913A CN 201811530096 A CN201811530096 A CN 201811530096A CN 109451913 A CN109451913 A CN 109451913A
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- Prior art keywords
- seed
- corn
- storage method
- corn seed
- storage
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
- A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of storage methods of corn seed, comprising the following steps: step 1: the preferred label of seed;Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities;Step 3: detection germination percentage;Step 4: sterilizing;Step 5: dry.Step 6: seed pelleting.Step 7: storage: seed carries out low-temperature storage.Step 1: the preferred label of seed further comprises: selection plant rising trend is good, and resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds are harvested, and indicate batch.Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities: the preferred seed of harvest uniformly being tedded, and the not full particle of soil, weeds, the particle in seed is picked and cleaned.The storage method of corn seed of the present invention solves insect pest in existing corn seed storage method, mildew incidence height, the low problem of germination percentage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plant breeding technical field, in particular to a kind of storage method of corn seed.
Background technique
Corn is one of China's Three major grain crops, is occupied an important position in agricultural production, plants and is distributed in China
It is very wide.As the large area of hybrid corn seed uses, the corn seed of part Seed company production is often because storing improper storage
Seed vitality is caused to decline, Seed practical value reduces, and affects Seed enterprises income and agricultural production.
So storing feature according to corn seed, using reasonable stored manner, seed vitality is being kept, kind of an industry is promoted
Company increases business income, it is ensured that plays an important role on agricultural production security
The storage of seed refer to seed harvest after to sow before preservation process.During storage, it is desirable that ensure seed
Life rate and germination percentage, prevent seed mildew, damage by worms, keep viability, high activity, purity and the purity of seed, be
The germplasm resource of agricultural production offer high quality.
The storing mode method of seed has significant impact to its viability, and the outstanding feature of seed vigor is that it is sprouted
Volatility, Germination performance and service life depend mainly on hereditary capacity, seed morphology structure and physiological activity, seed quality and storage
Condition.
It is the most significant with the influence of the water content of seed and reserve temperature, humidity etc..Seed is first carried out before seed storage
It is preferred that dry and disinfection;Ventilation is paid attention to after storage, moisture-proof, insect prevention, keeps constant low temperature.
Corn seed is a kind of caryopsis, and embryo is big, and son is real to be wrapped in by tough and tensile pericarp.These forms of corn seed
Feature determines that it stores feature.Maize At Embryo is big, and breathing is vigorous, is easy heated corn seed in cereal crop seed,
Belong to big semina, Maize At Embryo accounts for the 1/3 of entire seed volume, accounts for the 10%~12% of a weight, tissue looseness, containing more
Protein, fat, soluble sugar, respiratory capacity are big.
Additionally, due to more hydrophilic group is contained in embryo, thus seed embryo is stronger than endosperm water imbibition, under similarity condition,
Much bigger than other Cereal seeds of the respiratory intensity of corn seed, also his more other Cereal seeds are easy during storage
Fever.
Maize At Embryo is subject to entomophthora and causes harm.Maize portion it is full of nutrition, solable matter is more, microorganism adhesion amount compared with
More, after the moisture absorption of embryo portion, at a suitable temperature, mould easy to breed goes mouldy, and mildew is mould and aspergillus mostly.Furthermore
Embryo is also easy to as sitophilus zea-mais, ostomatid, the pest damages such as meal moth He Gu Du.
Maize At Embryo is easy rancid.The corn seed fat content overwhelming majority concentrates in embryo, containing in whole grain seed
77%~89% fat, the fatty acid value of embryo are consistently higher than endosperm, and embryo hygroscopicity is again relatively strong, therefore Maize At Embryo is easy
It is rancid, so as to cause seed vigor reduction.
The original moisture of corn seed is big, and maturity is uneven.Corn seed production is mainly in China northeast and northwest
Gansu Zhangye Prefecture, weather is cold when harvest, has bract outside corn ear in addition, cannot get drying sufficient day on plant
It is dry, so original moisture is generally large.Since corn seed moisture is higher, in China northeast, freeze injury easily occurs for the Northwest.
The maturity of corn seed is often also very uneven, and the top of same fruit ear is different with base portion pollination time, causes
Often maturity is poor for top seed.In addition corn content is high, and when threshing is easy to damage, so prematurity and the broken kernel of corn
More, this kind of seed is easier moisture absorption and the infringement by entomophthora.
In the prior art, the storage method of corn seed is mainly seasoning, and this method is simple and easy, operation side
Just, it but not can effectively prevent insect pest and the plague of rats, will affect germination percentage.Main reason is that excessively reducing respiration, influence
Seed normal viability, causes germination percentage to reduce.
Therefore it provides a kind of storage method of corn seed, simple and easy, mildew, insect pest incidence are low, and germination percentage
Height becomes those skilled in the art's urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of storage method of corn seed, solve existing jade
Insect pest, mildew incidence are high in rice seed storage method, the low problem of germination percentage.
In order to solve the above technical problems, steps are as follows the present invention provides a kind of storage method of corn seed:
Step 1: the preferred label of seed: selection plant rising trend is good, resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds
It is harvested, and indicates batch;
Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities: the preferred seed of harvest uniformly being tedded, and by soil, weeds, the particle in seed
Not full particle is picked and is cleaned;
Step 3: detection germination percentage: detecting the germination percentage of the corn seed of different batches, eliminates the unqualified batch of germination percentage
Seed;
Step 4: sterilizing: dry corn seed being sterilized;
Step 5: dry: high-grade maize seed being freezed into low temperature drying, and detects water content;
Step 6: seed pelleting: using fungicide thiram and pesticide imidacloprid allotment coating agent for seed to seed into
Row coating;
Step 7: storage: the seed after coating carries out low-temperature storage.
Preferably, the sterilizing in the step 4 is ultraviolet sterilization and ozone sterilization.
Preferably, the frozen drying temperature in the step 5 is -20 DEG C~-30 DEG C.
Preferably, the frozen drying temperature in the step 5 is -20 DEG C.
It preferably, is 8-10% by corn drying to moisture content in the step 5.
It preferably, is 8% by corn drying to moisture content in the step 5.
Preferably, the proportion of the fungicide in the step 6 and insecticide is 1: 1.
Preferably, the refrigerated storage temperature in the step 7 is 4-8 DEG C.
Preferably, the refrigerated storage temperature in the step 7 is 4 DEG C.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a kind of storage sides of corn seed as described in aforementioned any one
Method stores 3 months~15 years corn seed products.
In order to solve the above technical problems, invention further provides a kind of if aforementioned corn seed product is in corn planting
Using.
Beneficial effect of the present invention includes: that the method for the present invention is simple, and design rationally, using the method for the present invention saves maize seed
Son can reduce mildew and insect pest, improve germination percentage.The invention is simple and feasible, saves corn seed using the method for the present invention, mould
Variability is low, and germination percentage is high.
The present invention passes through preferred, the impurity elimination of seed, sterilizing, low temperature drying, the stringent control of seed pelleting and condition of storage
System, the sound assurance viability of seed.
The present invention chooses that plant growing way is good, superior corn seeds of full grains, removes impurity, low temperature drying controls water
Divide content, to reduce the respiration of seed.
The present invention removes the harmful microorganism and worm's ovum of the surface of the seed, reduces the generation of insect pest by sterilizing.Using seed
The form of coating plays a crucial role to the reduction of mildew rate, while further reduced the generation of insect pest;The mode of cryo-conservation
The respiration that seed is reduced in the case where guaranteeing normal required water content, keeps its viability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is experimental group and control group corn germination rate situation comparison diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is experimental group and control group corn germination rate situation comparison diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment.To keep the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, bright
Really, the present invention is described in more detail below, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The storage method of corn seed of the present invention, solves that corn seed in the prior art is not easy to store, germination percentage is low, hair
The slow problem of bud.Storage method of the present invention, comprising the following steps: step 1: the preferred label of seed selects plant rising trend good,
Resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds are harvested, and indicate batch;Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities will harvest
Preferred seed uniformly ted, and the not full particle of soil, weeds, the particle in seed is picked and is cleaned;Step
3: detection germination percentage detects the germination percentage of the corn seed of different batches, eliminates the seed of the unqualified batch of germination percentage;Step 4:
Sterilizing, dry corn seed is sterilized, step 5: it is dry, high-grade maize seed is subjected to low temperature drying, and detect and contain
Water;Step 6: seed pelleting carries out seed using the coating agent for seed of fungicide thiram and pesticide imidacloprid allotment
Coating;Step 7: storage, the seed after coating carry out low-temperature storage.The method of the present invention is simple, and design is reasonable, using present invention side
Method saves corn seed, can reduce mildew and insect pest, improves germination percentage.
Embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of storage method of corn seed, and steps are as follows:
Step 1: the preferred label of seed selects plant rising trend good, resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds
It is harvested, and indicates batch;
Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities uniformly ted the preferred seed of harvest, and by soil, weeds, the particle in seed
Not full particle is picked and is cleaned;
Step 3: detection germination percentage detects the germination percentage of the corn seed of different batches, eliminates the unqualified batch of germination percentage
Seed;
Step 4: sterilizing sterilizes dry corn seed;
Step 5: it is dry, by high-grade maize seed in -20 DEG C~-30 DEG C freezings progress low temperature drying in 10-15 minutes, and examine
Measured moisture content;
Step 6: seed pelleting, using fungicide thiram and pesticide imidacloprid allotment coating agent for seed to seed into
Row coating;
Step 7: storage, the seed after coating carry out low-temperature storage.
Preferably, the sterilizing in the step 4 is ultraviolet sterilization and ozone sterilization.
Preferably, the frozen drying temperature in the step 5 is -20 DEG C~-30 DEG C.
Preferably, the frozen drying temperature in the step 5 is -20 DEG C.
It preferably, is 8-10% by corn drying to moisture content in the step 5.
It preferably, is 8% by corn drying to moisture content in the step 5.
Preferably, the proportion of the fungicide in the step 6 and insecticide is 1: 1.
Preferably, the refrigerated storage temperature in the step 7 is 4-8 DEG C.
Preferably, the refrigerated storage temperature in the step 7 is 4 DEG C.
The storage method that embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of corn seed as described in aforementioned any one is stored 3 months
~15 years corn seed products.
Embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of such as application of the aforementioned corn seed product in corn planting again.
Embodiment 1
Experimental group: a kind of storage method of corn seed, steps are as follows:
Step 1: the preferred label of seed selects plant rising trend good, resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds
It is harvested, and indicates batch;
Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities uniformly ted the preferred seed of harvest, and by soil, weeds, the particle in seed
Not full particle is picked and is cleaned;
Step 3: detection germination percentage detects the germination percentage of the corn seed of different batches, eliminates the unqualified batch of germination percentage
Seed;
Step 4: dry corn seed is carried out ozone sterilization by sterilizing;
Step 5: it is dry, by high-grade maize seed in -20 DEG C of freezings progress low temperature drying in 10 minutes, and detects water content and be
12%;
Step 6: seed pelleting, the coating agent for seed deployed using fungicide thiram and pesticide imidacloprid 1: 1 is to kind
Son is coated;
Step 7: storage, the seed after coating refrigerate at 5 DEG C.
The storage of corn seed is carried out using the method for this implementation, seed is during storage without mildew, insect pest phenomenon, sowing
Corn seed germination rate afterwards is 95.3%.
Routine control group:
Step 1: the preferred label of seed selects plant rising trend good, resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds
It is harvested, and indicates batch;
Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities uniformly ted the preferred seed of harvest, and by soil, weeds, the particle in seed
Not full particle is picked and is cleaned;
Step 3: detection germination percentage detects the germination percentage of the corn seed of different batches, eliminates the unqualified batch of germination percentage
Seed;
Step 4: dry corn seed is carried out ozone sterilization by sterilizing;
Step 5: it is dry, by high-grade maize seed in the progress low temperature drying in 10 minutes of 10 DEG C of low temperature, and detects water content and be
12%;
Step 7: storage, the seed after drying refrigerate at 5 DEG C.
The storage of corn seed is carried out using this method, corn seed germination rate after planting is 80.3%.
Blank control group:
The seed of harvest is subjected to common dryness in the sun, the storage of corn seed, jade after planting are carried out using this method
Rice percentage of seedgermination is 40%.
Experiment is repeated three times, and is averaged.
Embodiment 2
A kind of storage method of corn seed, steps are as follows:
Experimental group:
Step 1: the preferred label of seed selects plant rising trend good, resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds
It is harvested, and indicates batch;
Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities uniformly ted the preferred seed (fringe) of harvest after removing bract;
Step 3: dry corn seed is carried out ultraviolet sterilization by sterilizing;
Step 4: it is dry, by high-grade maize seed in -20 DEG C of freezings progress low temperature drying in 12 minutes, and detects water content and exist
16%;
Step 5: seed pelleting, the coating agent for seed deployed using fungicide thiram and pesticide imidacloprid 1: 1 is to kind
Son is coated;
Step 6: storage, the seed after coating refrigerate at 4 DEG C.
The storage (fringe is deposited) of corn seed is carried out using the method for this implementation, fringe is deposited to be lower than suitable for long-term air humidity
80% Hills and the north, heap internal pore are conducive to greatly air circulation, and moisture easily distributes, and can effectively prevent freeze injury.Kind
For son without mildew, insect pest phenomenon during storage, corn seed germination rate after planting is 96.1%.
Routine control group:
Step 1: the preferred label of seed selects plant rising trend good, resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds
It is harvested, and indicates batch;
Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities uniformly ted the preferred seed of harvest after removing bract;
Step 3: dry corn seed is carried out ultraviolet sterilization by sterilizing;
Step 4: it is dry, by high-grade maize seed at 15 DEG C low temperature drying 12 minutes, and detect water content 16%;
Step 5: storage, the seed after coating refrigerate at 4 DEG C.
The storage of corn seed is carried out using the method for this implementation, corn seed germination rate after planting is 74%.
Blank control group:
The seed of harvest is subjected to common dryness in the sun, the storage of corn seed, jade after planting are carried out using this method
Rice percentage of seedgermination is 39%.
Experiment is repeated three times, and is averaged.
In conclusion corn seed forelock bud rate can be increased to 95% or more using method of the invention, and it is conventional
The germination percentage of the seed of storage method storage then can be only sustained at 80% or so, and blank control is then shown, without any processing
Seed, after storing the identical time, germination percentage can only achieve 40%, therefore the experiment can be improved the germination of corn seed
Rate reduces the loss of peasant household.
The above is only several embodiments of the present invention, not any type of limitation is done to the present invention, although this hair
It is bright to be disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however be not intended to limit the invention, any person skilled in the art, it is not taking off
In the range of technical solution of the present invention, a little variation or modification are made using the technology contents of the disclosure above and is equal to
Case study on implementation is imitated, is belonged in technical solution of the present invention protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of storage method of corn seed, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: the preferred label of seed;
Step 2: sunning and removal of impurities;
Step 3: detection germination percentage;
Step 4: sterilizing;
Step 5: dry.
2. the storage method of corn seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the storage method further comprises:
Step 6: seed pelleting.
3. the storage method of corn seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the storage method further comprises:
Step 7: storage: seed carries out low-temperature storage.
4. the storage method of corn seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1: the preferred mark of seed
Note further comprises: selection plant rising trend is good, and resistant to lodging, germplasm full grains corn mature seeds are harvested, and are indicated
Batch.
5. the storage method of corn seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2: sunning and removal of impurities: will
The preferred seed of harvest uniformly teds, and the not full particle of soil, weeds, the particle in seed is picked and cleaned.
6. the storage method of corn seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3: detection germination percentage: inspection
The germination percentage of the corn seed of different batches is surveyed, the seed of the unqualified batch of germination percentage is eliminated.
7. the storage method of corn seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4: sterilizing: will be dry
Corn seed sterilizes.
8. the storage method of corn seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 5: dry: by high-quality jade
Rice seed freezes low temperature drying, and detects water content.
9. a kind of storage method of corn seed as described in any one of claim 1-8 stores 3 months~15 years maize seeds
Sub- product.
10. application of the corn seed product in corn planting described in claim 9.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111108845A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-08 | 武汉世林福幸科技发展有限公司 | Preservation method for prolonging storage time of corn nutritional rice |
CN112119698A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2020-12-25 | 张掖市德源农业科技开发有限公司 | Low-temperature storage method of corn seeds |
CN112136417A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2020-12-29 | 衡阳市康源生态农业有限公司 | Corn seed obtaining method |
CN112136418A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2020-12-29 | 衡阳市康源生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method before fruit corn planting |
CN114303514A (en) * | 2020-10-11 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽春禾种业有限公司 | Corn seed processing process |
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CN106717600A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽华安种业有限责任公司 | A kind of method for storing corn seeds |
CN107821385A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-23 | 蚌埠市禹会区马城胡本号家庭农场 | A kind of storage method of corn seed |
CN108207163A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-29 | 四川曼殊佳华酵素生物科技有限公司 | A kind of storage method of corn seed |
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US20110151073A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-23 | Johnson Kevin C | Systems and Methods for Ozone Treatment of Grain in Grain Piles |
CN106358611A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 邯圣种业股份有限公司 | Seed optimization and storage method |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111108845A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-08 | 武汉世林福幸科技发展有限公司 | Preservation method for prolonging storage time of corn nutritional rice |
CN114303514A (en) * | 2020-10-11 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽春禾种业有限公司 | Corn seed processing process |
CN112119698A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2020-12-25 | 张掖市德源农业科技开发有限公司 | Low-temperature storage method of corn seeds |
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CN112136418A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2020-12-29 | 衡阳市康源生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method before fruit corn planting |
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