CN109449734B - Full polarization-preserving multi-channel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber light source - Google Patents

Full polarization-preserving multi-channel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber light source Download PDF

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CN109449734B
CN109449734B CN201811554179.XA CN201811554179A CN109449734B CN 109449734 B CN109449734 B CN 109449734B CN 201811554179 A CN201811554179 A CN 201811554179A CN 109449734 B CN109449734 B CN 109449734B
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pulse laser
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CN109449734A (en
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曾和平
杨康文
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Guangdong Langyan Technology Co ltd
East China Normal University
Shanghai Langyan Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Guangdong Langyan Technology Co ltd
East China Normal University
Shanghai Langyan Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
    • H01S3/1106—Mode locking
    • H01S3/1112—Passive mode locking
    • H01S3/1115—Passive mode locking using intracavity saturable absorbers
    • H01S3/1118—Semiconductor saturable absorbers, e.g. semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors [SESAMs]; Solid-state saturable absorbers, e.g. carbon nanotube [CNT] based
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/23—Arrangements of two or more lasers not provided for in groups H01S3/02 - H01S3/22, e.g. tandem arrangements of separate active media
    • H01S3/2308—Amplifier arrangements, e.g. MOPA
    • H01S3/2325—Multi-pass amplifiers, e.g. regenerative amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
    • H01S3/302—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre

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  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-channel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber light source with full polarization maintenance, which comprises a main laser with full polarization maintenance, an optical amplifier, a beam splitter and a plurality of slave lasers, wherein the slave lasers are provided with gain fibers, the optical amplifier amplifies pulse laser output by the main laser and outputs the amplified pulse laser to the beam splitter, the beam splitter divides the amplified pulse laser into a plurality of beams, one beam of pulse laser is directly output, the rest pulse laser is respectively input into each slave laser, nonlinear effect is generated by the gain fibers in the slave lasers, the pulse laser output by each slave laser after the nonlinear effect is generated is sequentially combined after time delay to obtain combined beam, the combined beam and one beam of pulse laser directly output by the main laser are output after being combined, and the main laser, the optical amplifier, the beam splitter and the plurality of slave lasers are connected by adopting a fiber light path with full polarization maintenance, thereby obtaining the synchronous multichannel ultrashort pulse with high precision and high stability.

Description

Full polarization-preserving multi-channel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber light source
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafast optics and laser, in particular to a full polarization-preserving multi-channel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering optical fiber light source.
Background
The coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering technology can realize non-invasive and non-labeled detection according to the difference of the vibration energy levels of different substance molecules, and is widely applied to the fields of biomedical imaging, combustion field analysis, pharmacokinetics, disease detection, early prevention and the like. The traditional coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering light source depends heavily on the titanium gem and the solid optical parametric oscillator and can only output bicolor synchronous ultrashort pulse laser aiming at a single oscillation energy level. The solid light source system is complex, large in size and sensitive to environmental interference, and can normally operate only in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity optical ultra-clean environment, so that the possibility that the coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering technology is led to clinical medicine from a laboratory is greatly limited. In addition, the conventional coherent anti-stokes light source can only generate two-color ultrashort pulses with two wavelengths for a specific certain oscillation energy level, and in applications such as biomedical imaging, simultaneous detection of multiple oscillation energy levels is urgently needed in order to simultaneously observe the contents and evolution processes of fat, protein and nucleic acid in tissues or cells.
The fiber laser has small volume, light weight and strong environmental interference resistance, gradually replaces a solid light source in many occasions, and is applied to the fields of industrial processing and national defense application. Especially, the development of the polarization maintaining optical fiber light source offsets the birefringence effect of the temperature and stress of the optical fiber by a refractive index modulation method, thereby greatly improving the stability of the optical fiber light source in a complex environment. With the advantages of the fiber laser, the fiber laser is adopted to realize bicolor synchronous ultrashort pulse, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering is expected to be promoted from a laboratory to clinical application. At present, based on fiber laser, a commonly used method for generating bicolor synchronous ultrashort pulses is mainly based on photonic crystal fiber, and utilizes the high nonlinear effect of the photonic crystal fiber to realize the conversion of laser wavelength, for example, four-wave mixing, soliton self-frequency shift, supercontinuum and other modes can be adopted, but these modes have limitations. The conversion efficiency of four-wave mixing is low, and even through a feedback amplification mode, the parametric conversion efficiency can only reach about 5%; soliton self-frequency shift must occur in a medium with negative refractive index, resulting in the generated laser wavelength being limited to over 1250 nm; although the supercontinuum mode can obtain a broadband spectrum, the power density of each spectral component is low, more requirements are put on detection, and in addition, various nonlinear effects compete with each other in the process of broadening the supercontinuum, so that the spectral coherence is influenced, and the coherent detection is not facilitated.
In view of the huge application prospect of the full polarization-preserving multi-channel synchronous laser in the coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering imaging aspect and the limitations of the existing-stage fiber laser and frequency conversion technology in the aspects of stability, conversion efficiency and power spectral density, the development of the full polarization-preserving fiber laser which can automatically start to operate for a long time, has high stability and realizes multi-channel synchronous ultrashort pulse output becomes a technical difficulty to be broken through at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a full polarization-preserving multi-channel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering optical fiber light source which has compact structure, stable performance, polarization-preserving output, long-term reliability and rich wavelength and can simultaneously excite a plurality of vibration-conversion energy levels.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a full-polarization-maintaining multichannel coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering optical fiber light source, which comprises a full-polarization-maintaining main laser, an optical amplifier, a beam splitter and a plurality of slave lasers, wherein the slave lasers are provided with gain optical fibers, the optical amplifier amplifies pulse laser output by the main laser and outputs the amplified pulse laser to the beam splitter, the beam splitter divides the amplified pulse laser into a plurality of beams, one pulse laser is directly output, the rest pulse laser is respectively input into each slave laser, the nonlinear effect is generated by the gain optical fibers in the slave lasers, the pulse laser output by each slave laser after the nonlinear effect is generated is subjected to time delay and then is sequentially combined to obtain a combined beam, and the combined beam and one pulse laser output by the main laser directly are combined to output, wherein the main laser, the optical amplifier and the combined beam are combined with one pulse laser output by the main laser, And the beam splitter is connected with a plurality of slave lasers by adopting a fully polarization-maintaining optical fiber light path.
The full-polarization-maintaining multichannel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber light source obtains high-precision and high-stability synchronous multichannel ultrashort pulses by means of an injection type synchronization mode and relying on the nonlinear ultrafast modulation effect among the multicolor ultrashort pulses. The design of the all-fiber light path ensures that the multi-channel laser transmission and the interaction are all carried out in the optical fiber, avoids the light path deviation caused by space alignment and lens reflection, is beneficial to the volume of the whole light source system to be smaller, and is more suitable for the requirement of clinical medical detection instruments. The main laser, the optical amplifier, the beam splitter, the slave laser and the all-fiber optical path adopt the optical fiber and the device with the full polarization maintaining function, thereby greatly improving the anti-interference capability of the light source to the environmental temperature and the mechanical vibration and outputting the polarized laser with high contrast. Pulse laser that the master laser sent pours into the slave laser, takes place nonlinear effect in the middle of the gain optic fibre, realizes the ultrafast modulation effect, will follow the running state of laser and force to fix on the repetition frequency state of master laser, compare traditional electron synchronization mode, the precision is higher.
The core mechanism of the technical scheme of the invention specifically is that the phase modulation among multicolor pulses is converted into intensity modulation by means of a gain optical fiber, namely, a master laser drives a slave laser to carry out mode locking, and injected pulse laser of the master laser participates in the mode locking process of the slave laser through a nonlinear effect to realize synchronous multicolor ultrashort pulse output. In the process, the micro disturbance caused by the environmental change to the two lasers can introduce different phase modulation on the pulses of the two lasers, the mode locking of the multicolor synchronous pulses can be influenced to different degrees due to the interaction of the nonlinear effect and the dispersion effect, the central wavelength of the bicolor pulses is properly adjusted, and finally the interference of the environmental change is compensated through the change of the group velocity, so that the self-recovery and the self-stabilization of the synchronous state are realized. In addition, the nonlinear effect of the optical fiber is an ultrafast phenomenon, the response time is in picoseconds or even femtosecond magnitude, and the high-speed modulation and feedback mechanism can effectively compensate high-frequency noise components in environmental interference and improve the synchronization precision.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the master-slave laser generates an ultrafast nonlinear ultrafast modulation effect through a section of gain optical fiber, the section of gain optical fiber is arranged in the slave laser, and compared with the traditional mode that the master-slave laser shares the same section of gain optical fiber, the running mode of the master laser cannot be changed along with the state of the section of interaction optical fiber, thereby being beneficial to improving the long-term stability of the master laser. The mode locking state of the slave laser is closely related to parameters such as power and pulse width of injection pulse of the master laser, and long-term stability of the master laser is a necessary condition for long-term stability of the multi-channel laser system. Therefore, the mode of generating the nonlinear ultrafast modulation action only in the slave laser is beneficial to improving the long-term stability of the system.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the cavities of the master laser and the slave laser are respectively provided with a section of gain optical fiber which is respectively used for mode locking of the master laser and the slave laser, and multicolor synchronous lasers with different wavelengths, different gain coefficients and different output powers can be realized by flexibly selecting the types of the gain optical fibers (such as optical fibers doped with ytterbium, erbium, thulium, holmium and other elements), the lengths of the gain optical fibers and the doping concentrations of the gain optical fibers. Meanwhile, the structure of the non-shared gain optical fiber can inhibit the unfavorable nonlinear effects of gain narrowing, amplified spontaneous radiation, gain competition and the like, and improve the stability of output power.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention can be flexibly combined with the mature fiber laser oscillation, amplification and synthesis technology at the present stage, realizes a synchronous light source with multiple wavelengths, multiple channels, high power and high precision, and is particularly suitable for high-resolution Raman spectrum analysis and spectral imaging. Through the scheme that a plurality of slave lasers output a plurality of wavelengths, each Raman energy level to be measured can be ensured to be excited by the independent slave lasers, and the influence of abnormal output state of one slave laser on the whole system is avoided. By adding the delay control into each slave laser, the time domain delay of the wavelength of each slave laser and the wavelength of the master laser can be accurately controlled, and the time division multiplexing mode can be expanded, so that each wavelength interacts with a sample to be detected at a specific moment.
Preferably, a plurality of wavelength division multiplexers are included, and the pulsed laser light is combined by the wavelength division multiplexers.
Preferably, the output end of the slave laser is connected with an optical delay unit, and the pulse laser output by the slave laser is delayed after passing through the optical delay unit.
Preferably, the main laser is a mode-locked pulse fiber laser, and the mode-locking mode of the main laser is either active mode-locking or passive mode-locking.
Preferably, the slave laser is a mode-locked pulse fiber laser, and the mode locking mode of the slave laser is passive mode locking.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a full polarization-maintaining structure, and no matter the master-slave laser, the beam splitting and combining device or the synchronous control module, the polarization state stability of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber is benefited, the stable output of the multichannel synchronous laser is realized, the multichannel synchronous laser is insensitive to the external environment temperature change and the vibration interference, the anti-interference capability is strong, and the practicability is good.
2. The invention adopts a plurality of slave lasers, realizes the output of a multi-wavelength and multi-channel synchronous light source through the injection type synchronous mode of the master laser, can simultaneously detect DNA, protein and fat according to the requirements of biomedical imaging, reflects more information of metabolism and disease evolution in cells and has rich functions.
3. The invention adopts an all-fiber structure, can greatly reduce the volume of a laser light source, is convenient to integrate the whole light path into a very small space, improves the stability and is suitable for being used in complex environments such as clinical medicine and the like.
4. The invention realizes the precise synchronization of multi-channel ultrashort pulse based on the nonlinear ultrafast modulation action of the injected laser and the slave laser in the gain medium, the response speed of the nonlinear effect is very fast, the order of picosecond or even femtosecond is reached, the synchronization precision can be greatly improved, and the high-precision synchronization pulse which is several orders of magnitude higher than that of the traditional electronic circuit synchronization mode is realized. The synchronous precision of the multi-channel laser reaches the femtosecond level.
5. The nonlinear ultrafast modulation effect adopted by the invention is based on the nonlinear ultrafast modulation effect of the gain fiber and the dispersion effect of the intracavity conduction fiber, and because of the peak power clamping effect of the ultrashort pulse, the nonlinear ultrafast modulation effect and the dispersion effect are always in a dynamic balance state, thus being capable of actively compensating disturbance when the external environment is interfered, and achieving the synchronous target of long-term locking and self-stabilization.
6. The injection type synchronous mode adopted by the invention ensures that the running state of the master laser is not interfered by the slave laser completely, thereby ensuring the long-term stable running of the master laser and further improving the stability of the whole system.
7. The injection type synchronization mode adopted by the invention benefits from the nonlinear ultrafast modulation effect, the synchronization mismatch length of the master laser and the slave laser can be close to the centimeter magnitude, the stability is greatly improved, and simultaneously, the cavity complexity is also reduced, so that the slave laser can be free from an optical delayer, the cavity length matching can be realized by directly welding optical fibers, the accurate synchronization is realized, and the synchronization of multi-channel and multi-wavelength ultrashort pulse lasers can be realized in all-fiber lasers.
8. The invention amplifies the output pulse of the master laser and respectively injects the amplified output pulse into different slave lasers, each slave laser is mutually locked with the master laser, and has determined phase difference, thereby realizing a multichannel synchronous light source.
9. The gain media of the master laser and the slave laser are independent of each other, and multi-channel pulse laser with multiple wave bands and multiple parameters can be realized by adopting different types of gain media. The invention can be used for the precise synchronous control of the multi-channel and even network type ultrashort pulse laser by the synchronization of the master laser and the slave laser.
10. The multi-waveband and multi-channel ultrashort pulse laser synchronization realized by the invention is suitable for picosecond and femtosecond ultrashort pulse lasers, particularly can be used for narrow-spectrum-width mode-locked lasers with intracavity frequency spectrum filtering, and the application of the coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging nonlinear imaging technology in the aspect of biomedical imaging needs to ensure that the laser wavelength of a narrow spectral line can be accurately controlled to realize high-resolution detection of different oscillation energy levels, and the mode-locked laser synchronization with adjustable frequency spectrum provides a very convenient technical approach.
11. The multi-waveband and multi-channel ultrashort pulse laser synchronization realized by the invention can obtain a wider spectrum coverage range and a spectrum tuning range through nonlinear frequency conversion, such as nonlinear frequency doubling, sum frequency, difference frequency, nonlinear frequency mixing and the like, and nonlinear spectrum broadening and the like; ultrashort pulses with higher time-frequency domain signal-to-noise ratio can also be obtained through a nonlinear optical process.
12. The multi-waveband and multi-channel ultrashort pulse laser synchronization realized by the invention can be applied to coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging, surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging, stimulated Raman spectrum imaging, optical comb nonlinear spectrum imaging and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a fully polarization-maintaining multichannel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber optic source;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fully polarization-maintaining multichannel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber light source using a linear cavity as a master and a slave lasers;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fully polarization-maintaining multichannel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber light source using a nine-shaped cavity as a master and a slave lasers;
fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-channel coherent anti-stokes raman scattering laser light source with full polarization maintaining comprises a main laser, an optical amplifier, a 1: an (N +1) splitter, N slave lasers (noted slave laser 1, slave laser 2, … …, slave laser N) and N wavelength division multiplexers to combine beams (noted WDM1, WDM2, … …, WDMN). The output of main laser connects the input of light amplifier, and light amplifier's output is connected 1: the input end of the (N +1) beam splitter, in the N +1 output ends of the beam splitter, one output end is directly connected with one input end of the wavelength division multiplexer WDMN, and the other N output ends are respectively connected with N slave lasers. The output end of each slave laser is connected with an optical delayer, N optical delayers are marked as an optical delayer 1, an optical delayer 2, an optical delayer … … and an optical delayer N, and the optical delayer is used for adjusting the time delay of the output pulse of the slave laser. All the devices and the connections among the devices adopt polarization maintaining optical fibers.
The main laser is a mode-locking pulse fiber laser, the mode-locking mode of the main laser can be active mode-locking or passive mode-locking, and when the main laser adopts the passive mode-locking mode, the specific cavity can be a linear cavity, a ring cavity, a splayed cavity, a nine-shaped cavity or a nonlinear amplification ring mirror cavity.
The slave laser is a mode-locking pulse fiber laser, the mode-locking mode of the slave laser is passive mode-locking, and the specific cavity type can be a linear cavity, an annular cavity, a splayed cavity, a nine-shaped cavity or a nonlinear amplification loop mirror cavity.
The optical delayer is composed of polarization maintaining fiber collimators, accurate delay control is realized by adjusting the distance between the polarization maintaining fiber collimators, and the optical delayer can also be composed of devices such as an electro-optical modulator, a birefringent crystal and the like, so that accurate control of delay is realized.
The output light of the N slave lasers is accurately delayed in time through the optical delayers (the optical delayers 1-N), then is sequentially combined through N-1 wavelength division multiplexers (WDM 1-WDMN-1) and is combined together in space, and finally is combined with the pulse laser of one main laser directly output by the optical amplifier through the WDM MN, so that the output of the full polarization-preserving multi-channel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering laser is realized.
Example 1
In this embodiment, both the master and slave lasers adopt a linear cavity structure, and as shown in fig. 2, the master laser includes a pump laser LD-M, a gain fiber Yb-M, a wavelength division multiplexer WDM-M, a saturable absorber SESAM, a fiber grating FBG-M, and an output coupler OC-M. The output end of the main laser is connected with an optical amplifier, and the optical amplifier comprises a pump laser LD-A, a doped optical fiber Yb-A, a wavelength division multiplexer WDM-A and an isolator OI-A. The central wavelength of the main laser is 1030nm, the pulse width is 30ps, the output power is 5mW, after the pulse laser output by the main laser passes through the optical amplifier, the central wavelength and the pulse width are unchanged, and the output power is amplified to 1W. The amplified pulse laser is subjected to the following steps of 1: the (N +1) beam splitter OC is divided into N +1 paths, wherein one path of pulse laser is directly input into the wavelength division multiplexer WDMN, and the other N paths of pulse laser are respectively input into the N slave lasers. The N slave lasers include pump lasers LD-S1, LD-S2, LD-s..,. LD-SN, wavelength division multiplexer WDM-S1, WDM-S1 ', WDM-S2, WDM-S2 ',......,. WDM-SN, WDM-SN ', doped fiber Er-S1, Er-S2,..... Er-SN, saturable absorber SESAM-S1, SESAM-S2,... Er.., SESAM-SN, output coupler OC-S1, OC-S2,... OC.., OC-SN, fiber grating FBG-S1, FBG-S2,....... ang., FBG-SN. The cavity structure of each slave laser adopts a linear cavity structure, taking the slave laser 1 as an example: the signal end of the wavelength division multiplexer WDM-S1 is connected with a beam splitter OC, the pumping end is connected with a saturable absorber SESAM-S1, the common end is connected with a doped optical fiber Er-S1, the signal end of the wavelength division multiplexer WDM-S1' is connected with an output coupler OC-S1, the pumping end is connected with a pumping laser LD-S1, the common end is connected with a doped optical fiber Er-S1, and the fiber grating FBG-S1 is connected with an output coupler OC-S1. The saturable absorber SESAM-S1 is used to achieve mode locking, the fiber grating FBG-S1 is used to select the output wavelength from the laser 1, and the output coupler OC-S1 is used to achieve the output from the laser 1. The pulse laser output by the pump laser LD-S1 is acted on the doped fiber Er-S1 through the WDM-S1', and meanwhile, one path of pulse laser output by the beam splitter OC is acted on the doped fiber Er-S1 through the wavelength division multiplexer WDM-S1, so that the mode locking of the slave laser 1 is assisted, and the precise synchronization can be realized under the action of nonlinear ultrafast modulation. The N optical time delays connected with the output ends of the N slave lasers respectively comprise polarization-maintaining fiber collimators Cols-S1, Cols-S2, Cols-S1, Cols-S2, Cols-S3526 and Cols-SN which are used for adjusting the time delay of each pulse laser output by the slave lasers. The pulse laser beam combining device comprises a pulse laser beam which is directly output to one path of a wavelength division multiplexer WDMN after being amplified by an optical amplifier, N paths of pulse laser beams which are output by each slave laser device and then output by each optical delayer, and the pulse laser beams are sequentially combined by the wavelength division multiplexers WDM1, WDM2, A. Combining the pulse laser output from the laser 1 and the pulse laser output from the laser 2 by a wavelength division multiplexer WDM1, combining the pulse laser output from the laser 3 and the pulse laser output from a wavelength division multiplexer WSM1 by a wavelength division multiplexer WDM2, combining the pulse laser output from the laser 4 and the pulse laser output from a wavelength division multiplexer WSM2 by a wavelength division multiplexer WDM3, combining the pulse laser output from the laser N and the pulse laser output from the wavelength division multiplexer WSMN-2 by a wavelength division multiplexer WDMN-1, and finally combining the pulse laser amplified by an optical amplifier and directly output to the wavelength division multiplexer WDMN and the pulse laser output from the wavelength division multiplexer WSMN-1 by the wavelength division multiplexer WDMN to finally realize the full polarization maintaining coherent anti-stokes scattering light source of N channels and obtain the full optical fiber, Raman polarization maintaining optical fiber, High-precision and high-stability synchronous multichannel ultrashort pulse.
In this embodiment, the central wavelengths of the fiber gratings of three of the slave lasers may be 1458nm, 1476nm, and 1488nm, respectively, the three wavelengths are used as three stokes lights in the multi-channel, the master laser 1030nm is used as the pump light, and the three stokes lights respectively intersect with the pump light and correspond to 1/1030nm-1/1458 nm-2850 cm-1、1/1030nm-1/1476nm＝2930cm-1、1/1030nm-1/1488nm＝2980cm-1This is exactly the characteristic region of fat, protein and DNA in the cell. Therefore, different characteristic peaks can be detected by only one set of integrated multi-channel light source, and the detection range of the nonlinear biological imaging is enlarged.
Example 2
In this embodiment, both the master and slave lasers adopt a nine-cavity structure, and as shown in FIG. 3, the master laser includes a pump laser LD-M, a gain fiber Er-M, a wavelength division multiplexer WDM-M, a phase shifter PS-M, a fiber grating FBG-M, and an output coupler OC-M, OC-M'. The output end of the main laser is connected with an optical amplifier, the optical amplifier comprises a pumping laser LD-A, a doped optical fiber Er-A, a wavelength division multiplexer WDM-A and an isolator OI-A, the central wavelength of the main laser is 1550nm, the pulse width of the main laser is 30ps, the output power of the main laser is 5mW, and after pulse laser output by the main laser passes through the optical amplifier, the central wavelength and the pulse width are unchanged, and the output power of the main laser is amplified to 1W. The amplified pulse laser is subjected to the following steps of 1: the (N +1) beam splitter OC is divided into N +1 paths, wherein one path of pulse laser is directly input into the wavelength division multiplexer WDMN, and the other N paths of laser are respectively input into the N slave lasers. The N slave lasers comprise pump lasers LD-S1, LD-S2, LD-S9, LD. ·, LD-SN, wavelength division multiplexers WDM-S1, WDM-S1 ', WDM-S2, WDM-S2', LD. ·, WDM-SN ', doped fibers Yb-S1, Yb-S2, Yb. ·, Yb-SN, phase shifters PS-S1, PS-S2, … …, PS-SN, output couplers OC-S1, OC-S1', OC-S2, OC-S2 ', ru.., OC-SN', fiber grating-S1, FBG-S2, ru. ·, FBG-SN. The cavity structure of each slave laser adopts a nine-character cavity structure, taking the slave laser 1 as an example: the signal end of the wavelength division multiplexer WDM-S1 is connected with a beam splitter OC, the pump end is connected with an output coupler OC-S1 through a phase shifter PS-S1, the common end is connected with a doped optical fiber Yb-S1, the fiber bragg grating FBG-S1 is connected with an output coupler OC-S1, the signal end of the wavelength division multiplexer WDM-S1 ' is connected with an output coupler OC-S1 ', the pump end is connected with a pump laser LD-S1, the common end is connected with a doped optical fiber Yb-S1, and the output coupler OC-S1 ' is connected with an output coupler OC-S1. The fiber grating FBG-S1 is used to select the output wavelength from the laser 1 and the output coupler OC-S1' is used to achieve the output from the laser 1. The pulse laser output by the pump laser LD-S1 is acted on the doped optical fiber Yb-S1 through WDM-S1', and meanwhile, one path of pulse laser output by the beam splitter OC is acted on the doped optical fiber Yb-S1 through the wavelength division multiplexer WDM-S1, so that the mode locking of the slave laser 1 is assisted, and the precise synchronization can be realized under the action of nonlinear ultrafast modulation. The N optical time delays connected with the output ends of the N slave lasers respectively comprise polarization-maintaining fiber collimators Cols-S1, Cols-S2, Cols-S1, Cols-S2, Cols-S3526 and Cols-SN which are used for adjusting the time delay of each pulse laser output by the slave lasers. The pulse laser beam combining device comprises a pulse laser beam which is directly output to one path of a wavelength division multiplexer WDMN after being amplified by an optical amplifier, N paths of pulse laser beams which are output by each slave laser device and then output by each optical delayer, and the pulse laser beams are sequentially combined by the wavelength division multiplexers WDM1, WDM2, A. Combining the pulse laser output from the laser 1 and the pulse laser output from the laser 2 by a wavelength division multiplexer WDM1, combining the pulse laser output from the laser 3 and the pulse laser output from a wavelength division multiplexer WSM1 by a wavelength division multiplexer WDM2, combining the pulse laser output from the laser 4 and the pulse laser output from a wavelength division multiplexer WSM2 by a wavelength division multiplexer WDM3, combining the pulse laser output from the laser N and the pulse laser output from the wavelength division multiplexer WSMN-2 by a wavelength division multiplexer WDMN-1, and finally combining the pulse laser amplified by an optical amplifier and directly output to the wavelength division multiplexer WDMN and the pulse laser output from the wavelength division multiplexer WSMN-1 by the wavelength division multiplexer WDMN to finally realize the full polarization maintaining coherent anti-stokes scattering light source of N channels and obtain the full optical fiber, Raman polarization maintaining optical fiber, High-precision and high-stability synchronous multichannel ultrashort pulse.
In this embodiment, the central wavelengths of the fiber gratings of three of the slave lasers may be set to 1075nm, 1066nm, and 1060nm, respectively, the three wavelengths are used as three pump lights in the multi-channel, and the main laser 1550nm is used as the stokes light, so that the three pump lights respectively intersect with the stokes light and correspond to 1/1075nm-1/1550 nm-2850 cm-1、1/1066nm-1/1550nm＝2930cm-1、1/1060nm-1/1550nm＝2980cm-1The wave number difference is just the characteristic region of fat, protein and DNA in the cell, thus, different characteristic peaks can be detected only by using one set of integrated multi-channel light source, and the detection range of the nonlinear biological imaging is improved.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an effect of a specific implementation of a four-channel coherent anti-stokes raman scattering laser source, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that ultrafast laser output by the four-channel coherent anti-stokes raman scattering laser source achieves precise synchronization in a time domain.

Claims (4)

1. A fully polarization-preserving multi-channel coherent anti-stokes raman scattering fiber optic source, comprising: the laser comprises a master laser with a full polarization maintaining function, an optical amplifier, a beam splitter and a plurality of slave lasers, wherein a gain optical fiber is arranged in each slave laser, the optical amplifier amplifies pulse laser output by the master laser and outputs the pulse laser to the beam splitter, the beam splitter divides the amplified pulse laser into a plurality of beams, one pulse laser is directly output, the rest pulse lasers are respectively input into each slave laser, the nonlinear effect is generated by the gain optical fiber in each slave laser, the central wavelengths of fiber gratings of the three slave lasers are respectively set to be 1458nm, 1476nm and 1488nm, the three wavelengths are used as three paths of Stokes light in a multi-channel, the central wavelength of the master laser is set to be 1030nm, the wavelength of the master laser is used as pump light, the pulse laser output by each slave laser after the nonlinear effect is generated is subjected to time delay and then sequentially combined to obtain combined light, the combined beam light and a pulse laser beam directly output by the master laser are output after being combined, wherein the master laser, the optical amplifier, the beam splitter and the plurality of slave lasers are connected by adopting a full polarization-maintaining optical fiber light path; the output end of the slave laser is connected with an optical delayer, and the pulse laser output by the slave laser delays time after passing through the optical delayer.
2. The full polarization preserving multi-channel coherent anti-stokes raman scattering fiber optic source of claim 1, wherein: the pulse laser beam combiner comprises a plurality of wavelength division multiplexers, and the pulse laser beams are combined through the wavelength division multiplexers.
3. The full polarization preserving multi-channel coherent anti-stokes raman scattering fiber optic source of claim 1, wherein: the main laser is a mode-locking pulse fiber laser, and the mode-locking mode of the main laser is any one of active mode-locking and passive mode-locking.
4. The full polarization preserving multi-channel coherent anti-stokes raman scattering fiber optic source of claim 1, wherein: the slave laser is a mode-locking pulse fiber laser, and the mode-locking mode of the slave laser is passive mode-locking.
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