CN101477289B - Method for full light-operated accurately synchronizing femtosecond, picosecond and billisecond laser impulse with multi-wavelength - Google Patents
Method for full light-operated accurately synchronizing femtosecond, picosecond and billisecond laser impulse with multi-wavelength Download PDFInfo
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- CN101477289B CN101477289B CN2009100455330A CN200910045533A CN101477289B CN 101477289 B CN101477289 B CN 101477289B CN 2009100455330 A CN2009100455330 A CN 2009100455330A CN 200910045533 A CN200910045533 A CN 200910045533A CN 101477289 B CN101477289 B CN 101477289B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafast laser, in particular to a method for full optical control and precise synchronization of femtosecond, picosecond, nanosecond laser pulses with various wavelengths. The method adopts an injection-locked laser synchronization structure, uses the output light of a femtosecond pulse laser as control light, injects the output light into a fiber annular laser, utilizes the nonlinear effect of fiber to have crossed phase modulation or gain modulation control and realizes laser synchronization. The method has the advantages that the length of the fiber injected by femtosecond pulse can be arbitrarily set to realize long-distance laser pulse synchronization; according to elements doped to the gain fiber of the selected annular laser, the method can realize the synchronization of the laser pulse with various wavelengths; and through a translation platform for controlling the length of a cavity of the optical annular laser, the method can realize the output of mode-locked pulse with adjustable width from picosecond to nanosecond, keep synchronization between the output pulse and the injected femtosecond pulse, control a plurality of the fiber annular lasers and realize synchronization between a beam of femtosecond laser and a plurality of beams of laser with different wavelengths and pulse widths.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ultrafast laser technique field, what be specifically related to is that multi-wavelength's femtosecond, psec, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser adopt the synchronous technology of full optical means.
Background technology
Along with the development of laser technology, human deep further to the understanding of laser, more and more higher to the requirement of laser controllable parameter.Along with the appearance of transferring Q, mode locking pulse laser, the peak power density of laser can break through 10
21W/cm
2, and stride forward at the energy of Xiang Genggao.When improving laser power, human also more and more accurate to the precision controlled of laser characteristics.Scientist can be controlled at femtosecond even Ah's second-time with the relative time shake of two bundles or multiple laser pulse.Synchronous laser, as its name suggests, two bundle laser pulses keep synchronously in time, and the relative delay is accurately controlled, and Wavelength of Laser is available according to the needs of Material Used synchronously.Traditional laser simultaneous techniques is that two bundle laser in solid state laser gain medium or highly-nonlinear material nonlinear interaction take place, and utilizes the cross-phase modulation to realize that laser is synchronous.The effective refractive index of the two bundle laser of this moment is not only relevant with their wavelength, but also relevant with their intensity.Traditional laser simultaneous techniques needs the plyability of two bundle laser on nonlinear medium very good, concerns to guarantee enough intensity modulated, and needs GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) in the strict control chamber.The laser structure of a shared nonlinear medium, it is single or only differ tens nanometers to make that the conventional laser simultaneous techniques only is suitable for wavelength, and the wavelength-tunable scope is very limited, also can't realize the impulsive synchronization of femtosecond, psec, nanosecond turnable pulse width.In addition, the spatial arrangement of traditional synchronous laser is difficulty very, and compact spatial arrangement can't be realized remote synchronization control.
Along with science and technology, military technology, civilian medical treatment, development of Communication Technique, the synchronous laser technology of multi-wavelength, wide adjustable extent is demanded development urgently.The laser simultaneous techniques is in military, medical and the civilian application fields that all has, as laser fast ignition nuclear fusion, laser automatic guiding system, laser ranging, Laser Processing or the like.Selectable multi-wavelength's synchronous laser will expand the application of laser technology greatly, and the laser of may command output pulse width will be more deep in the application of jumping of laser technology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art part, the method of a kind of complete light-operated precise synchronization multi-wavelength's femtosecond, psec, nanosecond laser pulses is provided, this method adopts the laser synchronization structure of injection locking, be output as control light with femtosecond pulse laser, be injected in the optical fiber ring laser, utilize the nonlinear effect of optical fiber, cross-phase modulation or gain modulation control realize that laser is synchronous.In addition, femtosecond pulse control light can be controlled many optical fiber ring lasers through the beam splitter beam splitting, realizes that a branch of femtosecond laser is different with the multi beam wavelength, and the laser that pulsewidth is different is synchronous.
The object of the invention realizes being finished by following technical scheme:
The method of a kind of complete light-operated precise synchronization multi-wavelength's femtosecond, psec, nanosecond laser pulses, it is characterized in that being that described method adopts the laser synchronization structure of injection locking, output light with femtosecond pulse laser is control light, be injected in the optical fiber ring laser, nonlinear effect when utilizing ultrashort pulse in optical fiber, to propagate, and cross-phase modulation or gain modulation control, realize that the laser of multi-wavelength is synchronous.
Described femtosecond pulse control light is through the beam splitter beam splitting, introduces different optical fiber ring lasers via wavelength division multiplexer again and injects respectively and control many optical fiber ring lasers.
Described optical fiber ring laser adopts the special optical fiber of doping with rare-earth ions as gain media, and the one-way transmission by optical isolator realization laser is realized the pulse of laser instrument by polarized controller.
Described optical fiber ring laser comprises one and regulates the long translation stage of laser chamber, and two finished laser is entered into the space by optical fiber collimating apparatus, by adjusting translation stage, change the length of the space segment of ring laser, the chamber that changes whole laser instrument is long, thereby realizes that multiwavelength laser is synchronous.
The invention has the advantages that the fiber lengths that femtosecond pulse injects can be provided with arbitrarily, can realize that remote laser pulse is synchronous; According to the gain fibre doped chemical difference of selected ring laser, can realize the synchronous of multi-wavelength's laser pulse; By the long translation stage in control optical fiber ring laser chamber, can realize the mode locking pulse output of psec to the nanosecond adjustable-width, the output pulse keeps synchronously with the injection femtosecond pulse, can control many optical fiber ring lasers, realize that a branch of femtosecond laser is different with the multi beam wavelength, the laser that pulsewidth is different is synchronous.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 principle of the invention frame diagram;
Accompanying drawing 2 embodiment of the invention one principle schematic;
Accompanying drawing 3 embodiment of the invention two principle schematic.
Concrete technical scheme
Feature of the present invention and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that technician's of the same trade understanding:
As Figure 1-3, always showing respectively in the accompanying drawing: Ti:S laser instrument or Cr:F laser instrument 1 with reference to label 1-30, lens 2, single-mode fiber 3, wavelength division multiplexer 4, semiconductor laser 5, wavelength division multiplexer 6, Er-doped fiber 7, translation stage 8, coupling mechanism 9, / 4th slides 10, half slide 11, polarization beam apparatus 12, optical isolator 13, / 4th slides 14, coupling mechanism 15, laser output 16, fiber optic splitter 17, wavelength division multiplexer 18, pumping source 19, wavelength division multiplexer 20, Yb dosed optical fiber 21, translation stage 22, coupling mechanism 23, / 4th slides 24, half slide 25, polarization beam apparatus 26, optical isolator 27, / 4th slides 28, coupling mechanism 29, laser output 30.
Femtosecond pulse control laser can adopt titanium-doped sapphire laser (Ti:S), forsterite laser instrument (Cr:F), ytterbium-doping optical fiber laser any wavelength femtosecond pulse lasers such as (Yb-fiber), and conventional solid laser instrument and fiber laser all can.
Femtosecond pulse scioptics coupling scheme are injected a common single mode optical fibres, and fiber optic splitter carries out beam splitting, introduce different optical fiber ring lasers via wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) again.Single-mode fiber wherein is an ordinary optic fibre, is not limited to.
Optical fiber ring laser adopts the special optical fiber of doping with rare-earth ions as gain media, by the one-way transmission of optical isolator realization laser, is realized the pulsed mode of laser instrument by polarized controller.Rare earth doped fiber is the optical fiber of any kind of doping with rare-earth ions, can be that single doping also can be that multiple rare earth ion is mixed altogether, only need carry out different selections, as mix ytterbium (Yb) optical fiber, er-doped (Er) optical fiber, neodymium-doped (Nd) optical fiber, mix thulium (Tm) optical fiber according to the gain bandwidth (GB) scope.
Optical fiber ring laser comprises one and regulates the long translation stage of laser chamber, and two are finished laser is entered into the space by optical fiber collimating apparatus.Can change the length of the space segment of ring laser by adjusting translation stage, and then it is long to change the chamber of whole laser instrument.
Optical fiber ring laser can be realized the output of self-starting mode locking pulse.After injecting the femtosecond pulse control bundle, can realize laser pulse output by cross-phase modulation and gain modulation control.Output pulse and injection femtosecond pulse retention time synchronized relation, output pulse width is subjected to the control of input pulse, polarized controller and translation stage.
Multi-wavelength's selectivity is determined by the gain media in the optical fiber ring laser, adopts the optical fiber output different wavelength of laser of different dopant ions.Polarization state of laser pulse by the control optical fiber ring laser and the phase misalignment between the pulse realize the laser output of wide adjustable extent of psec, nanosecond.
Embodiment one: utilize Ti:S laser and Er-doped fiber to realize that laser is synchronous.
What this programme was realized is the synchronous of a femtosecond pulse laser and an optical fiber ring laser, and the output pulse width of this optical fiber ring laser is adjustable in the nano-seconds in psec.For example, femtosecond pulse laser is the Ti:S laser instrument, and optical fiber ring laser is an erbium doped fiber laser.The Ti:S femto-second laser pulse of the 800nm centre wavelength that syncout pulse is and the Er-doped fiber laser pulse of 1550nm centre wavelength, the laser pulse width of this 1550nm is adjustable in the nano-seconds in psec.
As shown in Figure 2, concrete implementation method step is as follows:
(1) the femtosecond pulse scioptics 2 with 1 output of Ti:S laser instrument are coupled into single-mode fiber 3.
(2) femtosecond pulse is coupled into optical fiber ring laser through wavelength division multiplexer 4.
(3) optical fiber ring laser in the step (2) is a pumping source with the semiconductor laser 5 of wavelength 976nm.By wavelength division multiplexer 6 pump light is coupled as optical fiber ring laser.
(4) doped gain fiber 7 is an Er-doped fiber.
(5) laser in the optical fiber ring laser in the step (2) is realized the conversion of optical fiber to the space by coupling mechanism 9.
(6) move the position of translation stage 8 control coupling mechanisms 9.
(7) spatial light in the fiber laser in the step (2) is by the polarization state of 1/ 4th slides 10,14 and half slide, 11 control laser.The unidirectional running of fiber laser is finished by optical isolator 13, and carries out laser output 16 by polarization beam apparatus 12.
(8) spatial light in the fiber laser is finished the conversion of space to optical fiber via coupling mechanism 15.
(9) optical fiber ring laser does not inject femtosecond pulse.Realize the self-starting locked mode of fiber laser by control polaroid 10,11 and 14.The chamber of adjusting fiber laser is long, makes fiber laser and femtosecond pulse laser be operated under the same repetition frequency, and the error of repetition frequency is less than 10KHz.
(10) femtosecond pulse is injected laser after, adjust polaroid 10,11 and 14, and inching translation stage 8 slightly, to realize the synchronous working of two-laser.
(11) whether synchronous working can be judged by high-speed photodetector and oscillograph.When observed two row mode locking pulses do not have relative drift on oscillograph, illustrate that two-laser enters the synchronous working state.The output pulse width of the optical fiber ring laser of this moment is a picosecond magnitude.
(12) by adjusting the position of translation stage 8, the chamber that changes optical-fiber laser is long, and then has weakened the interaction of pulse in femtosecond pulse and the fiber laser cavity, makes fiber laser enter a critical mistake duty.The fiber laser output pulse width will broaden, and will reach nanosecond pulse output.
Embodiment two: utilize the synchronous er-doped of Cr:F laser, mix two optical fiber ring lasers of ytterbium.
What this programme was realized is the synchronous of a femtosecond pulse laser and two optical fiber ring lasers.The output wavelength of two optical fiber ring lasers can be identical, also can be different, and output pulse width all can be adjustable in the nano-seconds in psec.For example, femtosecond pulse laser is the Cr:F laser instrument, and two annular optical fiber lasers are selected ytterbium-doping optical fiber laser and erbium doped fiber laser respectively.Syncout pulse is Cr:F femtosecond pulse and the Yb dosed optical fiber laser pulse of 1040nm centre wavelength and the Er-doped fiber laser pulse of 1550nm centre wavelength of 1250nm centre wavelength.The pulse width of Yb dosed optical fiber laser and Er-doped fiber laser is independent adjustable in the nano-seconds in psec.
As shown in Figure 3, the method step of this programme employing is as follows:
(1) the femtosecond pulse scioptics 2 with 1 output of Cr:F laser instrument are coupled into single-mode fiber 3.
(2) femtosecond pulse is divided into two bundles through fiber optic splitter 17.
(3) a branch of in two in the step (2) the bundle laser is coupled into Er-doped fiber 7 ring lasers through wavelength division multiplexer 4.
(4) other a branch of in two in the step (2) the bundle laser is coupled into Yb dosed optical fiber 21 ring lasers through wavelength division multiplexer 18.
(5) semiconductor laser 5,19 with wavelength 976nm is a pumping source, by wavelength division multiplexer 6,20 pump light is coupled as optical fiber ring laser.
(6) laser in the fiber laser in the step (3) is realized the conversion of optical fiber to the space by coupling mechanism 9,23.
(7) move the position of translation stage 8,22 control coupling mechanisms 9,23.
(8) spatial light in the fiber laser in the step (3) is by the polarization state of 1/ 4th slides 10,14 and half slide, 11 control laser.The unidirectional running of fiber laser is finished by optical isolator 13, and carries out laser output 16 by polarization beam apparatus 12.Spatial light in the fiber laser in the step (4) is by the polarization state of 1/ 4th slides 24,28 and half slide, 25 control laser.The unidirectional running of fiber laser is finished by optical isolator 27, and carries out laser output 30 by polarization beam apparatus 26.
(9) spatial light in the fiber laser is finished the conversion of space to optical fiber via coupling mechanism 15,29.
(10) optical fiber ring laser does not inject femtosecond pulse.Self-starting locked mode by fiber laser in control polaroid 10,11 and 14 performing steps (3).The chamber of adjusting fiber laser is long, makes fiber laser and femtosecond pulse laser be operated under the same repetition frequency, and the error of repetition frequency is less than 10KHz.Self-starting locked mode by optical fiber ring laser in control polaroid 24,25 and 28 performing steps (4).The chamber of adjusting fiber laser is long, makes fiber laser and femtosecond pulse laser be operated under the same repetition frequency, and the error of repetition frequency is less than 10KHz.
(11) femtosecond pulse is injected laser after, adjust polaroid 10,11 and 14, and inching translation stage 8 slightly, realize that the middle optical fiber ring laser of Cr:F laser instrument 1 and step (3) synchronouss working.Adjust polaroid 24,25 and 28, and omit inching translation stage 22, realize that optical fiber ring laser is synchronoused working in Cr:F laser instrument 1 and the step (4).
(12) whether synchronous working can be judged by high-speed photodetector and oscillograph.When observed Cr:F laser on oscillograph does not have relative drift with the two row mode locking pulses of described (3) optical-fiber laser, illustrate that two-laser enters the synchronous working state.This moment, the output pulse width of described (3) optical fiber ring laser was a picosecond magnitude.When observed Cr:F laser on oscillograph does not have relative drift with the two row mode locking pulses of described (4) optical-fiber laser, illustrate that two-laser enters the synchronous working state.This moment, the output pulse width of described (3) optical fiber ring laser was a picosecond magnitude.Because described (3) Er-doped fiber laser and described (4) Yb dosed optical fiber laser are synchronous with Cr:F laser respectively, so described (3) erbium-doped fiber ring laser and described (4) Yb dosed optical fiber laser keep synchronously.
(13) by adjusting the position of translation stage 8, the chamber that changes optical-fiber laser is long, and then has weakened the interaction of pulse in the erbium doped fiber laser chamber in femtosecond pulse and the step (3), makes fiber laser enter a critical mistake duty.Described (3) erbium-doped fiber ring laser output pulse width will broaden, and will reach nanosecond pulse output.By adjusting the position of translation stage 22, the chamber that changes optical-fiber laser is long, and then has weakened the interaction of pulse in the Yb dosed optical fiber ring laser chamber in femtosecond pulse and the step (4), makes fiber laser enter a critical mistake duty.The Yb dosed optical fiber ring laser output pulse width of step (4) will broaden, and will reach nanosecond pulse output.
(14) because the middle Er-doped fiber laser of step (3) and middle Yb dosed optical fiber laser of step (4) and Cr:F laser, by distinguishing independently control system in step (2)-(11), two optical fiber ring lasers can independently be adjusted the output pulse parameter, as wavelength, pulse width, output power etc.
Embodiment three:
This programme is realized be a femtosecond pulse laser and many optical fiber ring lasers synchronously, wavelength femtosecond pulse and multichannel random wave skin second, nanosecond pulse is synchronous arbitrarily.Specific embodiments and embodiment two are similar.
Those skilled in the art can recognize that obviously described femtosecond pulse laser is not limited to ti sapphire laser, and other any femtosecond pulse laser that can produce the strong nonlinearity effect in optical fiber all can.The gain fibre of optical fiber ring laser is not limited to mixes ytterbium, erbium, thulium, four kinds of optical fiber of neodymium, and the rare earth doped fiber with similar gain effectiveness all can.
Claims (3)
1. complete light-operated precise synchronization multi-wavelength's femtosecond, psec, the method of nanosecond laser pulses, it is characterized in that being that described method adopts the laser synchronization structure of injection locking, output light with femtosecond pulse laser is control light, be injected in the optical fiber ring laser, nonlinear effect when utilizing ultrashort pulse in optical fiber, to propagate, and cross-phase modulation or gain modulation control, the laser of realizing multi-wavelength is synchronous, described femtosecond pulse control light is through the beam splitter beam splitting, introducing different optical fiber ring lasers via wavelength division multiplexer again injects respectively and controls many optical fiber ring lasers, multi-wavelength's selectivity is determined by the gain media in the optical fiber ring laser, adopts the optical fiber output different wavelength of laser of different dopant ions.
2. the method for a kind of complete light-operated precise synchronization multi-wavelength's femtosecond according to claim 1, psec, nanosecond laser pulses, it is characterized in that being that described optical fiber ring laser adopts the special optical fiber of doping with rare-earth ions as gain media, one-way transmission by optical isolator realization laser is realized the pulse of laser instrument by polarized controller.
3. the method for a kind of complete light-operated precise synchronization multi-wavelength's femtosecond according to claim 1, psec, nanosecond laser pulses, it is characterized in that being that described optical fiber ring laser comprises one and regulates the long translation stage of laser chamber, and two finished laser is entered into the space by optical fiber collimating apparatus, by adjusting translation stage, change the length of the space segment of ring laser, the chamber that changes whole laser instrument is long, thereby realizes that multiwavelength laser is synchronous.
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| US8605760B2 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2013-12-10 | Oewaves, Inc. | Feedback-enhanced self-injection locking of lasers to optical resonators |
| CN102306894A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-01-04 | 厦门大学 | Graphene-based multi-wavelength Q-modulation rare-earth-doped fiber laser |
| GB2556629B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2021-06-23 | M Squared Lasers Ltd | Method and apparatus for repetition rate synchronisation of mode-locked lasers |
| CN107322171A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-11-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | A kind of Machining System of utilization ultra-short pulse laser |
| CN106785845A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-05-31 | 昆山华辰光电科技有限公司 | Variable impulse width Q adjusting optical fiber laser |
| CN109449734B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-01-05 | 广东朗研科技有限公司 | Full polarization-preserving multi-channel coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering fiber light source |
| CN112570897B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2023-03-24 | 华东师范大学重庆研究院 | Femtosecond pulse cluster generation method and quartz micro-fluidic chip manufacturing device |
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