CN109441507B - Secondary support grouting anchor rod with self-adaptation function - Google Patents

Secondary support grouting anchor rod with self-adaptation function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109441507B
CN109441507B CN201811414431.7A CN201811414431A CN109441507B CN 109441507 B CN109441507 B CN 109441507B CN 201811414431 A CN201811414431 A CN 201811414431A CN 109441507 B CN109441507 B CN 109441507B
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China
Prior art keywords
grouting
rod body
anchor rod
holes
hole
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CN201811414431.7A
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CN109441507A (en
Inventor
陈绍杰
姜天琦
刘兴全
尹大伟
李志远
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Publication of CN109441507A publication Critical patent/CN109441507A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/021Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0013Protection against corrosion
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/008Anchoring or tensioning means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive secondary grouting support grouting anchor rod, which relates to the technical field of support equipment and solves the technical problem of secondary grouting reinforcement support by automatically adapting to mine pressure change. The anchor rod is utilized to support, the anchor rod can be fixed at the position of the central shaft of the drilling hole, automatic grouting can be performed according to the change of the mine pressure, and the anchor rod has the advantages of convenience in construction, high automation degree and the like.

Description

Secondary support grouting anchor rod with self-adaptation function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of anchor bolt supporting equipment, in particular to an anchor bolt with a self-adaptive function and capable of secondary supporting grouting.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economic construction in China, the construction requirements on infrastructure such as energy development, traffic transportation and the like are continuously increased, tunnels and underground chambers are used as main structural composition forms of highway, railway tunnels and mine engineering, and the construction quality safety has decisive influence on the safety, quality, progress and economic benefit of the whole engineering. The traditional surrounding rock reinforcement methods for tunnels and underground caverns in China comprise anchor rod reinforcement, grouting reinforcement, anchor cable reinforcement, anchor net support and the like, but all have certain disadvantages. The length of the anchor rod is an important factor for restricting the anchor rod to strengthen the coal pillar; grouting support improves the bearing capacity of the yield zone, but cannot provide effective lateral restraining force for the coal pillar and cannot limit the development of the yield zone of the coal pillar; the anchor cable support is suitable for failure caused by large deformation of the coal pillar, and the anchor net support can not limit the development of the yield area of the coal pillar. Through years of application and development, various support anchor rod forms are layered endlessly, and although various anchor rods have unique advantages, some defects still exist. Under the condition, a safer and more reliable improved anchor rod form needs to be provided, engineering accidents such as collapse roof fall and the like caused by anchor rod defects are avoided, and long-term stability and economy of anchor rod support are ensured.
The defects existing in the aspect of hollow anchor bolt support at present at home and abroad mainly comprise: (1) When the anchoring agent is used for anchoring the anchor rod, the anchor rod is easy to sink due to gravity and other factors because the anchoring agent still has fluidity in the initial period, so that the anchor rod cannot be anchored in the middle, and the thickness of the mortar protection layer cannot meet the standard requirement. (2) Because the anchoring agent needs a certain time to form strength, for weak broken rock formations, the anchor rod cannot immediately co-act with the anchoring agent to form initial anchoring force, and the aims of preventing deformation of the rock mass and reinforcing support cannot be realized in the first time. (3) The non-grouting section of the outer end of the hollow anchor rod, which is close to the outer end of the rock body, is an anchor rod body corrosion-resistant blind area, and the stable and effective work of the anchor rod body in the later stage cannot be ensured. (4) The anchoring agent is difficult to fully stir, compact and compact after being crushed by the anchor rod, cannot be fully bonded with surrounding rock mass, and influences the effective anchoring length of the anchoring agent section in the middle stage. (5) The contact surface of the backing plate at the outer end of the hollow anchor rod and the wall body is too direct, which is not beneficial to the even stress of the backing plate and the wall body and the influence of vibration of a buffer rock stratum. (6) The grout stop plug cannot ensure good air tightness during grouting of the anchor rod, can leak air and even leak mortar, and cannot ensure the full grouting effect. (7) The existing anchor rods all play a role in one-time anchoring, and cannot be automatically reinforced again according to the change of roadway surrounding rock or mine pressure, so that the possibility of mine disaster occurrence cannot be further reduced.
Based on the defects of the prior art affecting the hollow anchor bolt support and the Chinese patent applications CN201610152410, CN201711322431 and CN201810076569, the prior grouting anchor bolts are used for increasing the stability of surrounding rock by primary grouting in the earlier stage, and the self-adaptive capacity of monitoring in real time and automatically grouting for reinforcing the surrounding rock for the second time according to the set stress strain threshold is not provided, so that the invention further improves the prior anchor bolt support equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a secondary grouting anchor rod with a self-adaptive function, which aims to solve the technical problem of secondary grouting reinforcement support automatically adapting to the change of mine pressure.
The self-adaptive secondary support grouting anchor rod comprises a grouting mechanism, an anchoring mechanism, a monitoring mechanism and a positioning mechanism; the grouting mechanism comprises a grouting box, a grouting motor, a one-way valve, a grouting stop plug and a grouting hole, wherein a screw rod structure and a push plate are arranged in the grouting box, the grouting motor is connected with the screw rod mechanism, the one-way valve is arranged at the outlet of the grouting box, the grouting hole is formed in the front section of the rod body, and the grouting stop plug is arranged at the rear end of the rod body; the anchoring mechanism comprises an inner nut, a base plate, an outer nut and a rod body, wherein the inner nut and the outer nut are respectively arranged on two sides of the base plate, and the inner nut is connected with the grout stop plug; the monitoring mechanism comprises a pressure sensor and a threshold starting switch, and the pressure sensor is arranged between the base plate and the drill hole; the positioning mechanism comprises a sliding positioning device, the front end of the rod body is provided with the sliding positioning device, and the sliding positioning device is provided with balls.
Preferably, the rod body is a hollow pipe, grouting holes at the front section of the rod body are uniformly arranged around the rod body, and reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer side of the rod body.
It is further preferred that the grouting holes comprise open grouting holes and semi-closed grouting holes, and the open grouting holes and the semi-closed grouting holes are arranged at intervals.
Further preferably, the opening threshold value of the semi-closed grouting hole is 0.4-0.8 MPa.
Still further preferably, the threshold start switch starts the threshold of the grouting motor to be 50-100 KN.
It is still further preferred that grouting holes are provided between the balls of the slip positioning device, the balls being symmetrically arranged.
Still further preferably, the rod body is subjected to corrosion prevention treatment after being manufactured, and the edge of the grouting hole is subjected to corrosion prevention treatment; the anti-corrosion treatment is painting, electroplating or surface passivation.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) The anchor rod can be fixed in the center of a drilled hole by utilizing the sliding positioning device at the front end of the rod body during anchoring of the anchor rod, the situation that the thickness of a mortar protection layer does not meet the standard requirement because the anchor rod cannot be anchored in the middle due to the fact that the anchor rod is sunken due to the fact that factors such as gravity are arranged in the initial stage of an anchoring agent is avoided, and the positioning pulley has certain strength, so that the rock mass deformation preventing capability is achieved in the initial stage of anchoring.
(2) The maximum grouting position is controlled through the grouting stop plug, so that the cost is saved, and the adjustment is convenient; the grouting stopper not only can ensure the stability of the rod body, but also can prevent the situation that a large amount of grouting liquid floods out of the drill hole and cannot fill the whole drill hole space during secondary support grouting; when the hollow anchor rod body is used for grouting, the combination of the grouting stop plug and the outer nut can ensure good air tightness, no air leakage and even mortar leakage occur, and the combination of the grouting stop plug and the inner nut can ensure the grouting plump effect.
(3) The grouting anchor rod can automatically perform grouting and re-reinforcement according to the change of mine pressure or the movement of surrounding rock of a roadway, so that the occurrence probability of mine disasters is reduced. The grouting holes adopt two open-type grouting holes and semi-closed grouting holes, so that the problem of hole blocking is successfully solved, and a guarantee is provided for secondary grouting.
(4) The edge of the anchor rod body and the edge of the grouting hole are subjected to anti-corrosion treatment, so that the corrosion of the rod body caused by long-term contact of grout and the anchor rod body is prevented from failing, and the grouting hole is blocked due to the corrosion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an adaptive secondary support grouting anchor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an inner side expanding portion of a front section of the adaptive secondary support grouting anchor rod body;
in the figure: 1-grouting mechanism; 2-an anchoring mechanism; 3-a monitoring mechanism; 4-a positioning mechanism; 11-grouting box; 12-grouting motor; 13-a one-way valve; 14-a grout stop; 15-grouting holes; 151-open grouting holes; 152-semi-closed grouting holes; 16-screw rod; 17-pushing plate; 21-an inner nut; 22-backing plate; 23-an outer nut; 24-rod body; 31-a pressure sensor; 32-a threshold start switch; 41-a slip positioning device.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the specific implementation modes of the self-adaptive secondary support grouting anchor rod and the anchor rod construction method provided by the invention are as follows.
The self-adaptive secondary support grouting anchor rod specifically comprises a grouting mechanism 1, an anchoring mechanism 2, a monitoring mechanism 3 and a positioning mechanism 4, as shown in fig. 1. Grouting anchor rod can carry out grouting automatically according to the change of mine pressure or the movement of the surrounding rock of the roadway and consolidate again, so that the hollow anchor rod body 24 can carry out grouting and consolidate automatically when the change of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the change of the mine pressure reach a certain limit, the aim of secondary support is fulfilled, long-term stable and effective support of the surrounding rock can be realized, the probability of occurrence of mine disasters is reduced, and therefore higher safety performance, technical and economic benefits are realized.
The grouting mechanism 1 comprises a grouting box 11, a grouting motor 12, a one-way valve 13, a grouting stop plug 14 and a grouting hole 15, wherein the grouting motor 12 is connected with a screw rod 16 mechanism to drive the screw rod 16 to rotate. The grouting box 11 is internally provided with a screw rod 16 structure and a push plate 17, the outlet of the grouting box 11 is provided with a one-way valve 13, and the screw rod 16 drives the push plate 17 to push slurry in the grouting box to be fed into the grouting hole 15 through the one-way valve 13 and a rod body 24. The front section of the rod body 24 is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 25, and the rear end of the rod body 24 is provided with a grouting plug 14. The maximum grouting position is controlled by the grouting stop 14, so that the cost is saved, and the adjustment is convenient.
The anchoring mechanism 2 comprises an inner nut 21, a base plate 22, an outer nut 23 and a rod body 24, wherein the inner nut 21 and the outer nut 23 are respectively arranged on two sides of the base plate 22, and the inner nut 21 is connected with the grout stop 14. The rod body 24 is a hollow pipe, and grouting holes 15 at the front section of the rod body 24 are uniformly distributed around the rod body 23. The outside of the rod body 23 is provided with a reinforcing rib for reinforcing the anchor rod body 23. After the rod body 23 is manufactured, the edge of the grouting hole 15 is subjected to anti-corrosion treatment, and the anti-corrosion treatment is specifically painting, electroplating or surface passivation. As shown in fig. 2, the grouting holes 15 include an open grouting hole 151 and a semi-closed grouting hole 152, and the open grouting hole 151 and the semi-closed grouting hole 152 are arranged at intervals. The opening threshold value of the semi-closed grouting hole 152 is 0.4-0.8 MPa, the minimum pressure for cracking and opening the semi-closed grouting hole 152 from the inside of the rod body 24 to the outside of the rod body is that a grid barrier strip is fixedly arranged in the semi-closed grouting hole 152 to prevent the semi-closed grouting hole 152 from being opened inwards due to overlarge external pressure, so that the semi-closed grouting hole 152 can only be opened from inside to outside and cannot be opened from outside to inside. The combination of the grout stop plug 14 and the outer nut 23 can ensure good air tightness during grouting of the hollow anchor rod body 24, no air leakage or even mortar leakage can be caused, and the combination of the grout stop plug 14 and the inner nut 21 can ensure the full grouting effect.
The monitoring mechanism 3 includes a pressure sensor 31 and a threshold start switch 32, the pressure sensor 31 being disposed between the pad 22 and the borehole. The threshold value of the threshold value starting switch 32 starts the grouting motor 12 to be 50-100 KN, the motor starting threshold value is selected according to the stress monitoring condition of the anchor rod in the earlier stage of the mine, and when the starting threshold value is reached, the grouting motor 12 is started, and slurry is pushed to the grouting holes 15. The positioning mechanism 4 comprises a sliding positioning device 41, the front end of the rod body 24 is provided with the sliding positioning device 41, and the sliding positioning device 41 is provided with balls. Grouting holes 15 are formed between the balls of the sliding positioning device 41, the balls are symmetrically arranged, and the balls can roll so as to ensure that the anchor rod can slide smoothly and extend into the drilled hole. Because the anchor agent has fluidity in the initial stage and makes the stock sink because of factors such as gravity and can't center, leads to the anchor to lead to the mortar protective layer thickness not to satisfy the condition of standard requirement, can utilize the slip positioner of body of rod front end to fix the stock in drilling central authorities during the anchor, consequently avoided the condition that mortar protective layer thickness does not satisfy the requirement, the location pulley has certain intensity in addition can make the stock have the ability that prevents rock mass deformation in the initial stage.
The construction steps for carrying out anchoring support by utilizing the anchor rod comprise the following steps: (1) Drilling holes to the positions needing anchoring on the wall surface of the roadway by using an anchoring drilling machine, and anchoring the anchor head of the anchor rod and part of the rod body 24 in the rock mass by using a prepared anchoring agent; (2) The grout stop plug 14 is arranged at the positions of the backing plate 22 and the inner nut 21, the grout stop plug 14 is positioned at the hole opening position of the drilling hole, the grout stop plug 14 can ensure the stability of the rod body 24, and the situation that a large amount of grouting liquid floods out of the drilling hole and cannot fill the whole space during secondary support grouting can be avoided; (3) The pressure sensor 31 and the threshold starting switch 32 are arranged on the anchor rod tray or the rod body 24 to automatically monitor the mine pressure change and the surrounding rock movement within a certain range, once the set threshold value is exceeded, the threshold starting switch 32 is triggered, the grouting motor 12 is started to grouting into a drilled hole through a grouting box, so that the aim of self secondary support is fulfilled, the support failure caused by the further increase of the mine pressure is avoided, the surrounding rock is damaged to move into a mined space, and the mining safety is ensured.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. The self-adaptive secondary support grouting anchor rod is characterized by comprising a grouting mechanism, an anchoring mechanism, a monitoring mechanism and a positioning mechanism; the grouting mechanism comprises a grouting box, a grouting motor, a one-way valve, a grouting stop plug and a grouting hole, wherein a screw rod structure and a push plate are arranged in the grouting box, the grouting motor is connected with the screw rod structure, the one-way valve is arranged at the outlet of the grouting box, the anchoring mechanism comprises an inner nut, a base plate, an outer nut and a rod body, the inner nut and the outer nut are respectively arranged at two sides of the base plate, and the inner nut is connected with the grouting stop plug; the rod body is a hollow pipe, grouting holes are formed in the front section of the rod body, the grouting holes in the front section of the rod body are uniformly distributed around the rod body, a grouting stop is arranged at the rear end of the rod body, and reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer side of the rod body; the monitoring mechanism comprises a pressure sensor and a threshold starting switch, and the pressure sensor is arranged between the base plate and the drill hole; the positioning mechanism comprises a sliding positioning device, the front end of the rod body is provided with the sliding positioning device, and the sliding positioning device is provided with balls; the grouting holes comprise open grouting holes and semi-closed grouting holes, and the open grouting holes and the semi-closed grouting holes are arranged at intervals; the opening threshold value of the semi-closed grouting hole is 0.4-0.8 MPa; the threshold value of the threshold value starting switch for starting the grouting motor is 50-100 KN; grouting holes are formed between the balls of the sliding positioning device, and the balls are symmetrically arranged.
2. The adaptive secondary support grouting anchor according to claim 1, wherein the rod body is subjected to corrosion prevention treatment after being manufactured, and the edge of the grouting hole is subjected to corrosion prevention treatment; the anti-corrosion treatment is painting, electroplating or surface passivation.
CN201811414431.7A 2018-11-26 2018-11-26 Secondary support grouting anchor rod with self-adaptation function Active CN109441507B (en)

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Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110185033A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-30 湖北省交通规划设计院股份有限公司 A kind of dispersed pressure anchor component and construction method suitable for large deformation side slope
CN110617094B (en) * 2019-09-27 2024-06-04 中国地质大学(武汉) Damping positioning composite grouting anchor rod capable of strengthening anchoring effect
CN112160319B (en) * 2020-10-15 2021-08-31 三峡大学 Self-adjusting anchor rod device and method for reinforcing laminar wading rock body of falling zone
CN112576292B (en) * 2021-01-04 2022-08-26 贵州大学 Prestressed hollow grouting anchor rod and construction method
CN113090311B (en) * 2021-04-19 2023-05-02 三峡大学 Upward hole type grouting anchor rod capable of recycling electromagnets based on electromagnetic attraction and construction method
CN113187527B (en) * 2021-04-30 2024-06-04 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 Automatic construction method for anchor rod
CN117386423B (en) * 2023-11-08 2024-05-10 烟台佑利技术有限公司 Full-length cementation anchor cable with sizing hierarchical control structure and use method

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CN2608687Y (en) * 2003-03-20 2004-03-31 付庆福 Self drilling type rock prestressed grouting anchor
CN102828761A (en) * 2012-09-05 2012-12-19 淮南市顺辉锚固有限公司 Full-thread glass fiber composite hollow grouting anchor rod
CN105604593A (en) * 2016-03-17 2016-05-25 天津大学 Three-stage anchoring combined type hollow grouting anchor rod
CN107905827A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-13 西南石油大学 A kind of self-advancing type hollow grouting anchor and application method with force measuring function

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CL2014001002A1 (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-11-28 Ncm Innovations Pty Ltd Rock anchor bolt including an elongated cylindrical body having, a first distal end and a second opposite proximal end, a threaded portion at the second end, a first anchor located at or at least partially located at a first end portion of the body, a second anchor, a first stem portion between the first and second anchor.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2608687Y (en) * 2003-03-20 2004-03-31 付庆福 Self drilling type rock prestressed grouting anchor
CN102828761A (en) * 2012-09-05 2012-12-19 淮南市顺辉锚固有限公司 Full-thread glass fiber composite hollow grouting anchor rod
CN105604593A (en) * 2016-03-17 2016-05-25 天津大学 Three-stage anchoring combined type hollow grouting anchor rod
CN107905827A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-13 西南石油大学 A kind of self-advancing type hollow grouting anchor and application method with force measuring function

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