CN109441029B - Hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof containing water-repellent fiber interlayer - Google Patents

Hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof containing water-repellent fiber interlayer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109441029B
CN109441029B CN201811566101.XA CN201811566101A CN109441029B CN 109441029 B CN109441029 B CN 109441029B CN 201811566101 A CN201811566101 A CN 201811566101A CN 109441029 B CN109441029 B CN 109441029B
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water
steel
layer
fibers
roof
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CN109441029A (en
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王慧玲
周彬
黄素平
陈宏武
刘华
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Yancheng Institute of Industry Technology
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Yancheng Institute of Industry Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/10Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof containing a water-repellent fiber interlayer, which comprises a steel-concrete inner roof and a steel-concrete outer roof, wherein the water-repellent fiber interlayer is arranged between the steel-concrete inner roof and the steel-concrete outer roof, a continuously spliced waterproof coiled material is paved on the steel-concrete outer roof, a fiber reinforced cement mortar layer is arranged on the waterproof coiled material, and the peripheries of the steel-concrete inner roof, the water-repellent fiber interlayer, the steel-concrete outer roof, the waterproof coiled material and the fiber reinforced cement mortar layer are connected with a building outer wall. The water-repellent fiber interlayer is a three-layer composite, and comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively nonwoven fabrics formed by blending and processing durable water-repellent finished polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) and polypropylene fibers (PP), and the middle layer is a fiber layer formed by processing polypropylene fibers (PP) which are not subjected to water-repellent finishing through textile equipment. The fiber reinforced cement mortar layer is formed by uniformly mixing Kosteletzkya virginica fibers, PVA fibers and cement mortar, trowelling and naturally drying.

Description

Hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof containing water-repellent fiber interlayer
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building roof structure, in particular to a hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof with a water-repellent fiber interlayer, and belongs to the field of building roof waterproof structures.
Background
Along with the acceleration of urban process and the improvement of living environment of people in China, the requirements of people on the use function and living quality of residential buildings are higher and higher, the integral quality level of residential building can be greatly improved, the use function and living quality of residential buildings can be improved, and for roofs, the waterproof performance is an important assessment index in roof connection, and the waterproof performance is related to the service life of the whole building. However, the conventional technical means for waterproof treatment engineering of the roof is to lay a spliced waterproof coiled material on the roof, and the waterproof coiled material is a flexible building material product which can be curled to form a coil shape and is used for preventing water leakage, and is mainly used for building walls, roofs, tunnels, highways, landfill sites and the like, and is used as a non-leakage connection between an engineering foundation and a building, is a first waterproof barrier of the whole engineering, and plays a vital role in the whole engineering. The waterproof coiled material is inevitably provided with gaps in the splicing process, and meanwhile, the waterproof coiled material is always exposed outside, and the waterproof coiled material is oxidized, aged, deformed, cracked, absorbed moisture and returned halogen, poor in water resistance and the like due to the factors of nature such as sunlight, wind blowing, rain, coldness and the like, so that water seepage and water leakage of the roof are caused, and great inconvenience is brought to life, study, work and living of people. The roof leakage is difficult to treat, the cost is high, and the living and economic benefits of residents are directly affected.
Water-repellent (water-REPELLENTING) finishing is a process in which the surface tension of the fibers is reduced by treatment with a chemical water repellent, so that water droplets cannot wet the surface. The water drops show a lotus leaf effect and a goose feather effect on the surface of the fiber aggregate, and the water drops cannot enter the fiber aggregate. Water repellent finishes are mostly long chain compounds of alkanes (typically 18 carbon atoms) or certain silicone polymers. The water repellency is obviously different from the water repellency, and the water repellency finishing is to coat a layer of grease, paraffin, rubber or various thermoplastic resins on the surface so as to fill the pores of the surface and achieve the aim of water repellency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the building roof which is reasonable in structure, convenient to construct and good in waterproof and heat-insulating effects.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof with the waterproof fiber interlayer comprises a steel-concrete inner roof and a steel-concrete outer roof, wherein the waterproof fiber interlayer is arranged between the steel-concrete inner roof and the steel-concrete outer roof, a continuously spliced waterproof coiled material is paved on the steel-concrete outer roof, a fiber reinforced cement mortar layer is arranged on the waterproof coiled material, and the periphery of the steel-concrete inner roof, the waterproof fiber interlayer, the steel-concrete outer roof, the waterproof coiled material and the fiber reinforced cement mortar layer are connected with an outer wall of a building.
The distance between the steel-concrete inner roof and the steel-concrete outer roof is 10-20cm.
The water-repellent fiber interlayer is a three-layer composite, and comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively a non-woven fabric formed by blending polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) and polypropylene fibers (PP) and processing the non-woven fabric through a needling or water needling process, the thickness is 5-8mm, the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) and the polypropylene fibers (PP) are subjected to durable water-repellent finishing, and the mass ratio of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) is 20-40%. The middle layer is a fiber layer formed by processing polypropylene fibers (PP) which are not subjected to water repellent finishing through textile equipment.
The fiber reinforced cement mortar layer is formed by uniformly mixing Kosteletzkya virginica fibers, PVA fibers and cement mortar, trowelling and naturally drying, wherein the mass ratio of the Kosteletzkya virginica fibers to the PVA fibers is 3:2, the mixing amount in the cement mortar is 0.5-2% (volume ratio), and the thickness is 1-1.5cm.
The invention is suitable for various roof shapes, and has the advantages of convenient construction, lasting and remarkable waterproof and heat-insulating effects, good waterproof performance and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1 is a steel-concrete inner roof, 2 is a water-repellent fiber interlayer, 2-1 is an upper layer, 2-2 is a middle layer, 2-3 is a lower layer, 3 is a steel-concrete outer roof, 4 is a waterproof coiled material, 5 is a fiber reinforced cement mortar layer, and 6 is an outer wall of a building.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof with the water-repellent fiber interlayer comprises a steel-concrete inner roof 1 and a steel-concrete outer roof 3, wherein the water-repellent fiber interlayer 2 is arranged between the steel-concrete inner roof 1 and the steel-concrete outer roof 3, a continuously spliced waterproof coiled material 4 is paved on the steel-concrete outer roof 3, a fiber reinforced cement mortar layer 5 is arranged on the waterproof coiled material 4, and the periphery of the steel-concrete inner roof 1, the water-repellent fiber interlayer 2, the steel-concrete outer roof 3, the waterproof coiled material 4 and the fiber reinforced cement mortar layer 5 are connected with a building outer wall 6.
The space between the steel-concrete inner roof 1 and the steel-concrete outer roof 3 is 10-20cm, so that sufficient static air is ensured in the middle, the heat conductivity coefficient of the air is the lowest in nature and is much smaller than that of common solid liquid, the heat preservation property is very good, indoor overheat caused by sun exposure of a resident in a top building in summer is prevented, and excessive indoor heat is prevented from being dissipated outdoors in winter.
The water-repellent fiber interlayer 2 is formed by compounding three layers, and comprises an upper layer 2-1, a middle layer 2-2 and a lower layer 2-3, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively formed by blending polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) and polypropylene fibers (PP), and are non-woven fabrics processed by a needling or hydroentangling process, the structure is compact, the thickness is 5-8mm, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) and the polypropylene fibers (PP) are subjected to durable water-repellent finishing, the mass ratio of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) is 20-40%, and the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) are also called fluorine fibers or polychloroprene fibers. A polyolefin fiber is prepared from polytetrafluoroethylene through spinning or preparing film, and cutting or fibrillating. The strength and the elongation are high, the chemical stability is good, and the corrosion resistance is superior to that of other common synthetic fibers; has good weatherability and flex resistance. The polypropylene fiber (PP) is a synthetic fiber spun by taking isotactic polypropylene obtained by propylene polymerization as a raw material, and has the commodity name of polypropylene in China. The polypropylene fiber has high strength (same in dry state and wet state), good wear resistance and rebound resilience, and better chemical resistance than common fibers. Hardly absorbs moisture, but has a strong wicking ability. The surface of the upper layer and the lower layer is difficult to wet and spread, is more difficult to permeate, and well blocks the moisture on the surface. The middle layer 2-2 is a fiber layer formed by polypropylene fibers (PP) which are not subjected to water repellent finishing, the fiber layer is loose in structure, a good wicking effect can be generated, contacted moisture is firmly locked and lifted upwards, the moisture is prevented from continuously moving downwards, and the moisture is prevented from being gasified and slowly discharged through the building outer wall 6 when the external temperature is lifted. The thickness of the middle layer 2-2 is determined according to the interval between the steel-concrete inner roof 1 and the steel-concrete outer roof 3, so that the upper surface of the water-repellent fiber interlayer 2 is tightly attached to the steel-concrete outer roof 3.
The fiber reinforced cement mortar layer 5 is formed by uniformly mixing Kosteletzkya virginica fibers, PVA fibers and cement mortar, trowelling and naturally drying, wherein the mass ratio of the Kosteletzkya virginica fibers to the PVA fibers is 3:2, and the mixing amount in the cement mortar is 0.5-2% (volume ratio). The thickness is 1-1.5cm. Kosteletzkya virginica (Kostelezkya virginica) is native in the United states and is a perennial root plant of Malvaceae genus suitable for growth in the Kosteletzkya area, naturally distributed in the saline swamp regions from Tepras to Texas in the east coast, introduced from the university of Nanjing to China in 1992, and has been widely planted in the saline-alkali beach area in the east coast. The Kosteletzkya virginica bast degummed can be used for preparing Kosteletzkya virginica fibers, the length of the Kosteletzkya virginica fibers is 35-45mm, the fineness is 2.8-3.5dtex, the strength is close to that of ramie, the fibers have strong salt and alkali corrosion resistance, and the Kosteletzkya virginica bast degummed fiber is very suitable for being used as a building reinforcing material, and has the advantages of wide sources, low development cost and low price. PVA fiber (polyvinyl formal) is one kind of ideal environment protecting cement reinforcing material, and has excellent compatibility with cement, alkali resistance and weather resistance owing to its unique molecular structure. PVA fiber is added into cement concrete (or mortar), so that cracks of the concrete (or mortar) caused by plastic shrinkage, temperature change and other factors can be effectively controlled, crack formation and development are prevented and inhibited, the bending strength, impact strength and crack resistance of the concrete are improved, and the anti-seepage, impact and shock resistance of the concrete are effectively improved. The reinforced concrete can be widely used for reinforcing walls, roofs, terraces, roads, bridges, tunnels and side slopes of industrial and civil buildings.
When water exists on the roof, the fiber reinforced cement mortar layer 5 is contacted firstly, because of the reinforcing effect of the Kosteletzkya fibers and the PVA fibers, the fiber reinforced cement mortar layer 5 has few cracks, the water is difficult to infiltrate, if a small amount of water infiltrates into the waterproof coiled material 4, the waterproof coiled material 4 has good sealing property to block the water from the outside, if a part of water infiltrates into the steel-concrete outer roof 3 through cracks which occur after the waterproof coiled material 4 is aged for a long time, the dense structure of the steel-concrete outer roof 3 also blocks the water from the outside, if a part of water infiltrates into the upper layer 2-1 of the water-repellent fiber interlayer 2 through the cracks of the steel-concrete outer roof 3, the water is difficult to wet and spread on the surface of the upper layer 2-1 due to the water repellent effect, the water is difficult to infiltrate, the water is blocked on the surface, if a part of the water infiltrates into the middle layer 2-2 of the water-repellent fiber interlayer 2 through the upper layer 2-1, the fiber layer structure is loose, the water is extremely strong in the sense that the middle layer 2-2 is the fiber layer formed by polypropylene fibers (PP) which are not subjected to water repellent finish, the water is firmly locked, the contact is prevented from being lifted, the water is slowly evaporated, the outside wall is prevented from being gradually gasified when the outside temperature is increased, and the outside temperature is kept up, and the outside is kept low. If part of water seeps out through the middle layer 2-2 to contact with the lower layer 2-3 of the water-repellent fiber interlayer 2, the water is difficult to wet and spread on the surface of the lower layer 2-3 due to the water-repellent effect, the water is more difficult to infiltrate, the water is blocked on the surface, if part of water seeps out through the lower layer 2-3 to contact with the steel-concrete inner roof 1, the dense structure of the steel-concrete inner roof 1 also blocks the water outside, so that the analysis shows that the probability of entering a room through the steel-concrete inner roof 1 is very little, and when an infiltration problem occurs in the room, the building also basically has the service life.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (2)

1. The hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof is characterized by comprising a steel-concrete inner roof and a steel-concrete outer roof, wherein the water-concrete inner roof and the steel-concrete outer roof are provided with the water-repellent fiber interlayer therebetween, a continuously spliced waterproof coiled material is paved on the steel-concrete outer roof, a fiber reinforced cement mortar layer is arranged on the waterproof coiled material, and the peripheries of the steel-concrete inner roof, the water-repellent fiber interlayer, the steel-concrete outer roof, the waterproof coiled material and the fiber reinforced cement mortar layer are connected with an outer wall of the building;
The interval between the steel-concrete inner roof and the steel-concrete outer roof is 10-20cm;
The water-repellent fiber interlayer is a three-layer composite, and comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively a non-woven fabric formed by blending polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) and polypropylene fibers (PP) and processing the non-woven fabric through a needling or water needling process, the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 5-8mm, the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) and the polypropylene fibers (PP) are subjected to durable water-repellent finishing, and the mass ratio of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (PTFE) is 20% -40%; the middle layer is a fiber layer formed by processing polypropylene fibers (PP) which are not subjected to water repellent finishing through textile equipment.
2. The hollow waterproof insulation building roof comprising a water-repellent fiber interlayer of claim 1, wherein: the fiber reinforced cement mortar layer is formed by uniformly mixing Kosteletzkya virginica fibers, PVA fibers and cement mortar, trowelling and naturally drying, wherein the thickness is 1-1.5cm, the mass ratio of the Kosteletzkya virginica fibers to the PVA fibers is 3:2, and the volume ratio of the Kosteletzkya virginica fibers to the PVA fibers in the cement mortar is 0.5-2%.
CN201811566101.XA 2018-12-20 2018-12-20 Hollow waterproof heat-insulating building roof containing water-repellent fiber interlayer Active CN109441029B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1085279A (en) * 1992-10-08 1994-04-13 浙江工学院 Water repellent coiled material and production method thereof
JPH1121770A (en) * 1997-07-08 1999-01-26 Tajima Kaken Kk Roof underlayment material
KR20030000405A (en) * 2001-06-25 2003-01-06 주식회사 동방포루마 Method for waterproofing
JP2006316411A (en) * 2005-05-10 2006-11-24 Tsutsunaka Plast Ind Co Ltd Heat-insulating multilayer waterproof sheet
CN102261081A (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-11-30 上海名呈无纺布有限公司 Anti-leakage geotextile for surface crack of building and manufacturing method thereof
CN209308302U (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-08-27 盐城工业职业技术学院 A kind of hollow waterproof thermal-insulated building roof of the fibrous interlayer containing water repellent

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1085279A (en) * 1992-10-08 1994-04-13 浙江工学院 Water repellent coiled material and production method thereof
JPH1121770A (en) * 1997-07-08 1999-01-26 Tajima Kaken Kk Roof underlayment material
KR20030000405A (en) * 2001-06-25 2003-01-06 주식회사 동방포루마 Method for waterproofing
JP2006316411A (en) * 2005-05-10 2006-11-24 Tsutsunaka Plast Ind Co Ltd Heat-insulating multilayer waterproof sheet
CN102261081A (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-11-30 上海名呈无纺布有限公司 Anti-leakage geotextile for surface crack of building and manufacturing method thereof
CN209308302U (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-08-27 盐城工业职业技术学院 A kind of hollow waterproof thermal-insulated building roof of the fibrous interlayer containing water repellent

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