CN109440775B - Sinking type foundation pit dewatering and drainage system, construction method and use method - Google Patents

Sinking type foundation pit dewatering and drainage system, construction method and use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109440775B
CN109440775B CN201811615625.3A CN201811615625A CN109440775B CN 109440775 B CN109440775 B CN 109440775B CN 201811615625 A CN201811615625 A CN 201811615625A CN 109440775 B CN109440775 B CN 109440775B
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dewatering
well
foundation pit
water
ditches
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CN109440775A (en
Inventor
王长录
王剑非
陈文山
刘国强
李振雄
沈家文
周麟
王晓燕
雷春燕
桂跃
许艳苗
何毅
吴勇
彭云
姚继红
李文艳
沈雁波
刘轩
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Ycih No3 Construction Co ltd
Yunnan Construction and Investment Holding Group Co Ltd
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Ycih No3 Construction Co ltd
Yunnan Construction and Investment Holding Group Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/02Foundation pits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06Restraining of underground water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/08Restraining of underground water by employing open ditches arranged below the level of the water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/10Restraining of underground water by lowering level of ground water

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a sinking type foundation pit dewatering and drainage system which mainly comprises water collecting wells, dewatering wells, blind ditches and open ditches, wherein the water collecting wells are arranged at all corners of a foundation pit, the open ditches are arranged around the bottom of the foundation pit, two adjacent water collecting wells are communicated through one open ditch, the dewatering wells are uniformly arranged in the foundation pit according to the field requirement, the well mouth of each dewatering well is lower than the bottom plate of the foundation pit, the blind ditches are scattered in a cross shape by taking the dewatering wells as the center and are connected with the blind ditches scattered by the adjacent dewatering wells, and the blind ditches scattered to the four sides of the foundation pit are connected with the open ditches to form a criss-cross ditch network. The descending and drainage system can well solve the problems of slow drainage and difficult drainage of the foundation pit, has high drainage efficiency, can not influence the operation of various construction machines in the foundation pit, and ensures the high efficiency and continuity of construction. The invention further provides a construction method and a using method of the water descending and draining system.

Description

Sinking type foundation pit dewatering and drainage system, construction method and use method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sinking type foundation pit dewatering and drainage system, a construction method and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of foundation pit engineering.
Background
Along with the high-speed development of our country's economy, high-rise super high-rise building more and more constantly stands in the city in urban construction's in-process, and underground space engineering is also more and more thereupon, and is more and more deeper, people not only will establish skyscraper at the eminence, still establish underground lost city in the underground, foundation ditch engineering receives people's attention more and more, the foundation ditch is as a temporary project, its effect is to provide a space, make the operation of building by laying bricks or stones of basis go on according to the position that the design was appointed, and one of them biggest puzzlement is exactly the drainage problem that falls of foundation ditch, because the effect of groundwater, make often can produce ponding in the foundation ditch, especially when meetting the soil property that the water permeability is good, the quick drainage that falls of foundation ditch is very necessary, with the safety and the high efficiency of guaranteeing operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sunken foundation pit dewatering and drainage system, a construction method and a use method, which solve the problems of slow drainage and difficult drainage of a foundation pit, improve the drainage efficiency by combining a blind ditch and an open ditch system, play a role in quickly dewatering and drainage of the foundation pit, and ensure the high efficiency and continuity of construction without influencing the operation of various construction machines in the foundation pit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system mainly comprises a water collecting well, a dewatering well, a blind ditch and an open ditch; the water collecting wells are arranged at all corners of the foundation pit; the open ditches are arranged around the bottom of the foundation pit, and two adjacent water collecting wells are communicated through one open ditch; the dewatering wells can be uniformly arranged in the foundation pit according to the field requirement, and the well mouths of the dewatering wells are lower than the bottom plate of the foundation pit; the blind ditches are scattered in a cross shape by taking the dewatering wells as centers and are connected with the blind ditches scattered by the adjacent dewatering wells, and the blind ditches scattered to the four sides of the foundation pit are connected with the open ditches to form a criss-cross ditch network.
Furthermore, the blind ditch is located the inboard in the open drain, and the blind ditch is filled with the rubble, and the rubble adopts geotextile parcel.
The size of the water collecting well is calculated according to the actual situation on site, and a gravel cushion layer is paved at the bottom of the water collecting well to play a role in filtering.
The size of the open ditch is determined according to hydraulic calculation, and the open ditch is obliquely and downwards communicated with the water collecting well, so that water can be quickly collected into the water collecting well. The slope of the open trench is 1.5% -3%, namely the tan value of the slope angle is 1.5% -3%.
Furthermore, the open trench is poured by concrete, so that the open trench has certain rigidity and strength, the normal drainage function of the open trench is ensured, and the open trench is not easily deformed and blocked;
preferably, the junction of the open ditch and the water collecting well is provided with a grid to prevent large foreign matters from entering the water collecting well.
Furthermore, the well body of the dewatering well is made of stainless steel materials and integrally welded by a hollow cylinder and a hollow circular truncated cone. Preferably, the height ratio of the cylinder to the hollow circular truncated cone is 2: 1-3: 1, and the ratio of the inner diameter of the lower bottom surface of the circular truncated cone to the inner diameter of the cylinder is 1.8: 1-2.5: 1.
The side surface of the round table of the well body is provided with a plurality of holes, so that the underground water can flow into the dewatering well through the holes.
Furthermore, the holes are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the circular truncated cone, and the number and the size of the holes are not particularly limited in the invention and can be set according to the size of the water discharge.
Furthermore, geotextile is paved on the outer surface of the hole.
Furthermore, a flange plate interface is welded on the edge of a well mouth of the dewatering well, the flange plate is connected with the well cover, and a water stop valve is arranged below the well mouth and used for controlling the opening and closing of the dewatering well;
and a water pressure instrument is arranged at the lower part of the water stop valve and used for observing the underground water pressure.
Furthermore, a gravel layer wraps the periphery of the outer side of the circular truncated cone of the dewatering well, and the gravel layer is connected with the blind ditch. The height of the crushed stone layer is not lower than that of the circular truncated cone.
The invention wraps the gravel layer around the dewatering well, aims to increase the contact area with the soil in the foundation pit, enhance the dewatering and drainage effects and increase the water storage space of the dewatering well, and the gravel layer is connected with the blind ditch to collect the water in the blind ditch into the dewatering well so as to further form a dewatering and drainage network.
Preferably, the interface between the gravel layer and the external soil is covered with geotextile, so as to play a role in isolation and prevent fine soil particles from entering gaps of the gravel to influence the permeation effect of the gravel.
Preferably, an operation space is reserved at the periphery of the wellhead of the dewatering well and is used for operating components such as a water stop valve, a water pressure gauge and the like.
In the invention, when the dewatering well is not used at ordinary times, the water stop valve is closed, the well cover is connected to the flange plate and tightly covered, and the opening on the bottom plate is covered by the cover plate.
The joint of the blind ditch and the gravel layer inclines downwards and is communicated with the round platform shape of the well body with the hole, thereby being beneficial to leading water in the blind ditch into the dewatering well in time.
In the invention, the blind ditches are scattered in a cross shape by taking the dewatering wells wrapped by the gravel layers as centers and are connected with the blind ditches scattered by the dewatering wells wrapped by the adjacent gravel layers, and the blind ditches scattered to the four sides of the foundation pit are connected with the open ditches, so that the criss-cross ditch network greatly increases the dewatering and drainage speed of the foundation pit, and the blind ditches adopt a mode that geotextile wraps the gravel;
the blind ditches are arranged in the middle of the foundation pit, a plurality of construction machines and construction personnel move in the foundation pit, if the open ditches or the blind ditches are adopted, on one hand, the ditches divide the foundation pit field, which is inconvenient for the movement of the construction machines in the foundation pit, on the other hand, the open ditches or the blind ditches are blocked or collapsed possibly caused by slight carelessness in the construction movement, so that the drainage function is lost, but the situations can not occur by adopting the blind ditches, the strength and the rigidity are higher, the construction operation in the foundation pit field is not influenced, the same drainage effect is achieved, the blind ditches are connected with the dewatering well, are inclined downwards and are contacted with a circular truncated cone provided with holes in the dewatering well body, and therefore, the water in the blind ditches can be led into the dewatering well in time.
The construction method of the sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system comprises the following steps:
5) firstly, building a water collecting well and an open trench at each corner of a foundation pit in the excavation process of the foundation pit;
6) after the foundation pit is excavated to a specified elevation, constructing a dewatering well: firstly, determining the size of a dewatering well, selecting arrangement points of the dewatering well, digging a pit hole of the dewatering well, welding a well body of the dewatering well, burying the dewatering well, and wrapping a circular truncated cone part, namely a water permeable end of the dewatering well by a gravel layer;
7) constructing a criss-cross blind ditch network in a cross divergent mode by taking each dewatering well as a center, and communicating the criss-cross blind ditch network with an open ditch at the edge of the bottom of a foundation pit;
8) the upper end of the dewatering well is sequentially provided with a water stop valve and a water pressure gauge from bottom to top, and the edge of the well head is welded with a flange plate interface and is connected with the well cover.
The working principle of the sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system is as follows: when water is accumulated in the foundation pit, the accumulated water flows into the water collecting wells arranged at all corners of the foundation pit through the open ditches, one part of the accumulated water permeating into the blind ditches in the foundation pit flows into the precipitation well, the other part of the accumulated water flows into the water collecting wells through the open ditches, the precipitation well and the water collecting wells work cooperatively to extract most of the water collected in the water collecting wells, and then the water in the precipitation well is extracted according to the water level condition in the precipitation well, so that the aim of water drainage of the sunken foundation pit is fulfilled.
The use method of the sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system comprises the following steps:
when drainage is required, a water pipe is stretched into the dewatering well to pump water, or a pipeline with the same inner diameter as the wellhead of the dewatering well is connected to the wellhead through a flange plate, a vacuum water pump is connected to the pipeline, a water stop valve and the vacuum water pump are opened to drain water, and water is pumped out of the dewatering well under vacuum pressure.
The invention further discloses a using method of the sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system, which comprises the following steps: the dewatering well is reserved after the building body is built, when the underground space has water leakage, the cover plate can be opened, the size of the pressure value on the water pressure gauge can be checked, if the pressure value is not large, simple leakage compensation can be considered, if the pressure value is large, the situation that the underground water gushes out is indicated, certain valve opening is considered to be carried out for dewatering and draining, and therefore leakage of the underground space is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) because the precipitation wells are uniformly distributed, and the blind ditch network coverage is wide, water is rapidly pumped out of the precipitation wells under vacuum pressure, the drainage efficiency is high, the precipitation effect is good, and the precipitation is uniform;
(2) the sinking type dewatering well has the advantages that the effect of quickly lowering and draining water of the foundation pit is achieved, the operation of various construction machines in the foundation pit can not be influenced by the sinking type dewatering well, the sinking type dewatering well cannot be damaged by the operation process of the construction machines, and the efficient and stable propulsion of the engineering is guaranteed;
(3) in the use process of a building, if the underground space leaks, the invention can carry out certain drainage measures, protect the underground space from being eroded by underground water and protect the safety and stability of a building main body;
(4) the invention has the characteristics of low manufacturing cost, easy popularization, quick drainage and strong practicability, and is a prospective invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a sunken foundation pit dewatering and drainage system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structure view of the precipitation well of the present invention.
In the figures, the reference numerals are as follows:
1-water collecting well, 2-open ditch, 3-blind ditch, 4-dewatering well, 401-cylinder, 402-round platform, 403-hole, 5-flange, 6-water stop valve, 7-water pressure instrument, 8-gravel layer, 9-geotextile, 10-dewatering well operation space, 11-foundation pit, 12-cover plate and 13-gravel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and examples, without however restricting the scope of the invention thereto.
The sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system shown in fig. 1-4 mainly comprises a water collecting well 1, a dewatering well 4, a blind ditch 3 and an open ditch 2; the number of the water collecting wells 1 is 4, the water collecting wells are respectively arranged at four corners of the foundation pit, the open ditches 2 are arranged around the bottom of the foundation pit, and two adjacent water collecting wells 1 are communicated through one open ditch 2; the number of the dewatering wells 4 is 4, the dewatering wells are uniformly arranged in the center of a foundation pit, the well mouth of each dewatering well 4 is lower than the bottom plate of the foundation pit, the blind ditches 3 are scattered in a cross shape by taking the dewatering wells 4 as the center and are connected with the blind ditches 3 scattered by the adjacent dewatering wells 4, the blind ditches 3 scattered to the four sides of the foundation pit are connected with the open ditches 2 to form a criss-cross ditch network, and the blind ditches 3 are located on the inner side of the open ditches 2.
The open trench 2 is communicated with the water collecting well 1 in an inclined downward mode, the inclined gradient is 1.5% -3%, and the open trench 2 is poured by concrete.
A grid is arranged at the junction of the open ditch 2 and the water collecting well 1, so that large foreign matters are prevented from entering the water collecting well 1.
The well body of the dewatering well 4 is made of stainless steel, the upper section of the well body is a hollow cylinder 401, the lower section of the well body is a hollow circular truncated cone 402, the upper section and the lower section of the well body are integrally welded, and the side surface of the circular truncated cone 402 of the well body is provided with a plurality of holes 403 so as to enable underground water to flow into the dewatering well 4 through the holes 403.
The holes 403 are evenly distributed on the side surface of the circular truncated cone 402, and the geotextile 9 is laid on the outer surface of the holes 403.
In the specific embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 401 part of the dewatering well is 800mm, the height is 3000mm, the inner diameter of the upper bottom of the circular truncated cone 402 is 800mm, the inner diameter of the lower bottom is 1600mm, and the height is 1500 mm. The hole rate of the hole on the circular truncated cone is 70%, and the diameter of the hole is 8 mm.
A flange 5 connector is welded on the edge of a wellhead of the dewatering well 4, the flange 5 is used for connecting a well lid, and a water stop valve 6 is arranged below the wellhead and used for controlling the opening and closing of the dewatering well 4;
the lower part of the water stop valve 6 is provided with a water pressure instrument 7 for observing the underground water pressure.
The periphery of the outer side of the circular truncated cone of the dewatering well 4 is wrapped with a crushed stone layer 8, the crushed stone layer is connected with the blind ditch 3, and the height of the crushed stone layer 8 is higher than that of the circular truncated cone 402.
The interface of the gravel layer 8 with the external soil is also covered with geotextile 9.
And a dewatering well operation space 10 is reserved at the periphery of the wellhead of the dewatering well 4 and is used for operating components such as a water stop valve 6, a water pressure gauge 7 and the like.
The joint of the blind ditch 3 and the gravel layer 8 inclines downwards and is communicated with a round table 403 with a hole 403 on the well body.
The construction method of the sunken foundation pit drainage system of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
1) firstly, building water collecting wells 1 at all corners of a foundation pit 11 in the excavation process of the foundation pit 11, and excavating open ditches 2 to connect adjacent water collecting wells 1;
2) after the foundation pit 11 is excavated to a specified elevation, a dewatering well 4 is constructed: firstly, determining the size of a precipitation well 4, selecting an arrangement point of the precipitation well 4, digging a pit hole of the precipitation well 4, welding a well body of the precipitation well, burying the precipitation well 4, and wrapping a circular truncated cone 402 part, namely a permeable end of the precipitation well 4 by a gravel layer 8;
3) constructing a criss-cross network of blind ditches 3 in a cross divergent mode by taking each dewatering well 4 as a center, and communicating the blind ditches with the open ditches 2 at the bottom edge of the foundation pit 11;
4) the upper end of the dewatering well 4 is sequentially provided with a water stop valve 6 and a water pressure gauge 7 from bottom to top, and the edge of the well head is welded with a flange 5 interface and is connected with the well cover.
The use method of the sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which specifically comprise the following steps:
firstly, pumping water in a water collecting well, then extending a water pipe into a precipitation well 4 for pumping water, or connecting a pipeline with the inner diameter of the well mouth of the precipitation well 4 to the well mouth through a flange 5, connecting a vacuum water pump to the pipeline, opening a water stop valve 6 and the vacuum water pump to perform dewatering, and pumping water out of the precipitation well 4 under vacuum pressure. The dewatering well 4 is reserved after the building body is built, when the underground space has water leakage, the cover plate 12 can be opened, the size of the pressure value on the water pressure gauge 7 can be checked, if the pressure value is not large, simple leakage repair can be considered, if the pressure value is large, the situation that the underground water floods is indicated, certain valve opening is considered to be carried out, water drainage is reduced, and therefore leakage of the underground space is reduced.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. A sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system is characterized by mainly comprising a water collecting well (1), a dewatering well (4), a blind ditch (3) and an open ditch (2); the water collecting wells (1) are arranged at all corners of the foundation pit; the open ditches (2) are arranged around the bottom of the foundation pit (11), and two adjacent water collecting wells (1) are communicated through one open ditch (2); the dewatering wells (4) are uniformly arranged in the foundation pit (11), and the well mouths of the dewatering wells (4) are lower than the foundation pit bottom plate; the blind ditches (3) are scattered in a cross shape by taking the dewatering wells (4) as centers and are connected with the blind ditches (3) scattered by the adjacent dewatering wells (4), and the blind ditches (3) scattered to the four sides of the foundation pit are connected with the open ditches (2) to form a criss-cross ditch network; the well body of the dewatering well (4) is made of stainless steel, the well body is integrally welded by a cylinder (401) and a circular truncated cone (402), and a plurality of holes (403) are formed in the side surface of the circular truncated cone (402) of the well body; the dewatering well is characterized in that a gravel layer (8) wraps the periphery of the outer side of the round table (402) of the dewatering well (4), the gravel layer (8) is connected with the blind ditch (3), the joint of the blind ditch (3) and the gravel layer (8) inclines downwards and is communicated with the round table (402) of the dewatering well (4), and the height of the gravel layer (8) is not lower than that of the round table (402).
2. A sunken foundation pit dewatering and drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the blind ditch (3) is located inside the open ditch (2), the blind ditch (3) is filled with crushed stones (13), and the crushed stones (13) are wrapped by geotextile (9).
3. The sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the open trench (2) is cast with concrete, and the slope of the inclination of the open trench (2) to the water collecting well (1) is 1.5% -3%.
4. A system for lowering and draining water in foundation pits according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the hole (403) is paved with geotextile (9).
5. The sinking foundation pit dewatering and drainage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flange (5) interface is welded to the edge of the wellhead of the dewatering well (4), the flange (5) is connected with the manhole cover, a water stop valve (6) is arranged below the wellhead, and a water pressure gauge (7) is arranged below the water stop valve (6).
6. A sunken foundation pit dewatering and drainage system according to claim 1 wherein the interface of the gravel layer (8) and the external soil is covered with geotextile (9).
7. A construction method of a sunken foundation pit dewatering and drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
1) firstly, building a water collecting well (1) and an open trench (2) at each corner of a foundation pit (11) in the excavation process of the foundation pit (11);
2) after the foundation pit (11) is excavated to a specified elevation, a dewatering well (4) is constructed: firstly, determining the size of a dewatering well (4), selecting arrangement points of the dewatering well (4), digging a pit hole of the dewatering well (4), welding a well body of the dewatering well (4), burying the dewatering well (4), and wrapping a circular truncated cone (402) part of the dewatering well (4) with a gravel layer (8);
3) constructing a criss-cross network of blind ditches (3) in a cross-shaped divergent mode by taking each dewatering well (4) as a center, and communicating the blind ditches with an open ditch (2) at the bottom edge of a foundation pit (11);
4) the upper end of the dewatering well (4) is sequentially provided with a water stop valve (6) and a flange plate (5) from bottom to top, and the edge of the well mouth is welded with an interface of the flange plate (5) and is connected with the well cover.
8. A method of using a sunken foundation pit dewatering system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein water in the water collecting well is first pumped away and then pumped into the dewatering well (4) by a water pipe, or a pipeline with the same inner diameter as the wellhead of the dewatering well (4) is connected to the wellhead by a flange (5), a vacuum water pump is connected to the pipeline, the water stop valve (6) and the vacuum water pump are opened to drain water, and water is pumped out of the dewatering well (4) under vacuum pressure.
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CN110847199A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-02-28 中国二十冶集团有限公司 Construction method for drainage of underground water of deep foundation pit
CN110847327B (en) * 2019-11-15 2023-06-23 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司 Water-proof and drainage construction method for large-area basement roof
CN113322991A (en) * 2020-02-28 2021-08-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Design method for drainage of bottom of square well
CN115387368A (en) * 2022-09-12 2022-11-25 中铁十四局集团第四工程有限公司 Deep foundation pit drainage device

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