CN109438155A - 共轭炔基蒽类衍生物、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

共轭炔基蒽类衍生物、制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN109438155A
CN109438155A CN201811384901.XA CN201811384901A CN109438155A CN 109438155 A CN109438155 A CN 109438155A CN 201811384901 A CN201811384901 A CN 201811384901A CN 109438155 A CN109438155 A CN 109438155A
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王涛
薛探龙
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Anqing North China University Of Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种共轭炔基蒽类衍生物,其结构通式为:其中,R1,R2为如下结构式中的任意一种:R为H或者为C1‑C30的烷基的一种或者为C1‑C30的烷氧基的一种。本发明还公开一种共轭炔基蒽类衍生物的制备方法及其应用。本发明具有刚性结构、光化学性质稳定的优点。

Description

共轭炔基蒽类衍生物、制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及共轭炔基蒽衍生物技术领域,具体涉及共轭炔基蒽类衍生物、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
双光子吸收是一种非线性光学现象,定义为一个分子经过一个中间虚拟态吸收两个光子的能量,从基态跃迁到高能级态的现象。长波长的激光具有加工精度高,穿透性强等优点,因此具有双光子吸收能力的化合物被广泛应用到三维信息存储、双光子光聚合、光动力治疗等领域。大的共轭体系、良好的对称结构、强的电子给体的引入能够显著提高分子的双光子吸收性能。
蒽环是一个大的刚性共轭平面的多环芳烃,具有良好的光电性质。有报道显示,将蒽环作为分子的共轭中心,显著提高了分子的双光子吸收效应。目前报道的大多数具有强双光子吸收能力的化合物是以碳碳双键作为桥联基团。尽管碳碳双键是有效的共轭桥,但是其很容易发生异构化和光氧化,这些缺点不利于这类材料的进一步应用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于如何改善碳碳双键的发生异构化和光氧化的特性,本发明提供一种具有强双光子吸收效应的共轭炔基蒽衍生物,该类共轭炔基蒽衍生物是以蒽环为分子的共轭中心、两个电子给体基团为侧臂,炔基为蒽环和电子给体侧臂之间桥联基团的D-π-A-π-D型共轭分子。
本发明通过以下技术手段实现解决上述技术问题的:一种共轭炔基蒽类衍生物,其结构通式为:
其中,R1,R2为如下结构式中的任意一种:
R为H或者为C1-C30支链烷基的一种或者为C1-C30的烷氧基的一种。
本发明还公开一种共轭炔基蒽衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、在氮气保护下,将9,10-二溴蒽、Pd(PPh)3Cl2、CuI、TEA及DMF加入到反应瓶内,进行加热反应;
步骤二、滴加端炔化合物溶液,反应直至9,10-二溴蒽反应完全,过滤得到粗产物;
步骤三、重结晶提纯,得到产物。
优选地,其中,9,10-二溴蒽、端炔化合物溶液中的端炔化合物、Pd(PPh)3Cl2、CuI的用量比为1mmol:2-4mmol:0.001-0.05mmol:0.05-0.10mmol。低于该比例,产率会降低,高于该比例会造成原料的浪费。
优选地,加热反应具体工艺为反应温度范围为60-120℃,待温度上升到60-120℃后,继续搅拌半小时后,再滴加端炔化合物溶液,再反应6-48h。
反应涉及到催化剂和底物的活化过程,因此活化完成后加入端炔化合物是更有利的步骤,且5℃/min滴加端炔化合物有效避免端炔自身偶联(副反应)。温度范围底线是催化剂与底物的活化温度,过高则促进副产物生成,同时造成能源浪费。实验中反应6个小时,原料可以完全反应,对部分底物可能需要时间长一些
优选地,所述端炔化合物溶液中的溶剂为DMF。
优选地,所述端炔化合物中的端炔化合物为苯乙炔、N-十二烷基-3-乙炔基咔唑、N-十二烷基-3-乙炔基酚噻嗪、4-乙炔基三苯胺。
优选地,所述端炔化合物中的端炔化合物与溶剂的摩尔浓度比0.75mol/L。
优选地,其重结晶所用溶剂为氯仿、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯中的一种。
本发明还公开采用上述的共轭炔基蒽类衍生物在双光子荧光显微成像、双光子光聚合、有机发光二极管中的应用。
本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明的共轭炔基蒽衍生物具有大的双光子吸收截面和单分子荧光量子产率,在820nm处双光子吸收截面为1263.18GM,荧光量子产率为0.97。
(2)本发明的共轭炔基蒽衍生物以三键为桥联基团,具有刚性结构,光化学性质稳定。
附图说明
图1为实施例1-4获得的化合物的1H NMR谱图。
图2为实施例2获得的化合物的双光子荧光发射光谱。
图3为实施例1-4的化合物的双光子吸收截面图。
具体实施方式
现在对本发明作进一步描述,但不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制:
实施例1
本实施例公开一种共轭炔基蒽衍生物,其合成方法如下:
称取9,10-二溴蒽(1.01g,3mmol),碘化亚铜(28.5mg,0.15mmol),三苯基膦(39.3mg,0.15mmol),二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(21.1mg,0.01mmol),加入到装有磁子和温度计的100ml三口烧瓶中,加入20ml DMF和15ml TEA(三乙胺)使之溶解。称取苯乙炔(0.765g,7.5mmol),用10ml DMF溶解后转移到恒压滴液漏斗中。在电磁搅拌下抽真空充氮气三次后5℃/min升温至80℃,持续搅拌半小时后开始滴加的苯乙炔的DMF溶液。TCL监测9,10-二溴蒽原料反应完全后停止加热,反应液降至室温有固体析出,过滤烘干。粗产物用氯仿重结晶得黄色粉末晶体(0.84g,转化率74%)产物,记号为AND1。
共轭炔基蒽衍生物AND1的1H NMR图如图1所示,
其氢谱数据为:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.72–8.66(m,4H),7.80–7.75(m,4H),7.66–7.61(m,4H),7.49–7.39(m,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ131.43,131.02,128.02,127.89,126.58,126.14,122.75,117.80,101.72,85.80,76.64,76.32,76.00.Mp:256℃.FT-IR:3057.27,2360.54,1619.37,1593.48,1518.89,1488.39,1438.91,1398.01,1070.00,754.47,690.71,635.37.HRMS(ESI):378.1396(M+)。
实施例2
本实施例公开一种共轭炔基蒽衍生物,其合成方法如下:
称取9,10-二溴蒽(1.01g,3mmol),碘化亚铜(28.5mg,0.15mmol),三苯基膦(39.3mg,0.15mmol),二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(21.1mg,0.01mmol),加入到装有磁子和温度计的100ml三口烧瓶中,加入20ml DMF和15ml TEA使之溶解。称取N-十二烷基-3-乙炔基咔唑(1.43g,7.5mmol),用10ml DMF溶解后转移到恒压滴液漏斗中。在电磁搅拌下抽真空充氮气三次后5℃/min升温至80℃,持续搅拌半小时后开始滴加的N-十二烷基-3-乙炔基咔唑的DMF溶液。TCL监测9,10-二溴蒽原料反应完全后停止加热,反应液降至室温有固体析出,过滤烘干。粗产物用氯仿重结晶得橙红色晶体(1.04g,转化率62%),记号为AND2。
共轭炔基蒽衍生物AND2的1H NMR图如图1所示,
其氢谱数据为:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.90–8.79(m,4H),8.55(d,J=1.1Hz,2H),8.22(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.91(dd,J=8.4,1.5Hz,2H),7.76–7.65(m,4H),7.52(ddd,J=26.2,12.1,4.4Hz,6H),7.33(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),4.36(t,J=7.2Hz,4H),1.99–1.87(m,4H),1.44–1.25(m,36H),0.90(t,J=6.8Hz,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ140.92,140.39,132.10,129.42,127.52,126.58,126.22,124.12,123.10,122.56,120.70,119.48,118.64,113.53,109.05,108.96,104.12,85.08,43.30,31.96,29.65,29.62,29.55,29.45,29.38,29.02,27.35,22.73,14.16.Mp:157℃.FT-IR:3053.27,2922.23,2850.54,2360.55,2188.74,1595.64,1490.57,1348.83,1330.35,1240.45,800.36,760.36,745.15.HRMS(APCI):893.5809(M+H+)。
如图2所示,AND2在800nm激光激发下的荧光最强,其在800nm处的双光子吸收截面最大。
实施例3
本实施例公开一种共轭炔基蒽衍生物,其合成方法如下:
称取9,10-二溴蒽(1.01g,3mmol),碘化亚铜(28.5mg,0.15mmol),三苯基膦(39.3mg,0.15mmol),二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(21.1mg,0.01mmol),加入到装有磁子和温度计的100ml三口烧瓶中,加入20ml DMF和15ml TEA使之溶解。称取N-十二烷基-3-乙炔基酚噻嗪(2.94g,7.5mmol),用10mlDMF溶解后转移到恒压滴液漏斗中。在电磁搅拌下抽真空充氮气三次后5℃/min升温至80℃,持续搅拌半小时后开始滴加N-十二烷基-3-乙炔基酚噻嗪的DMF溶液。TCL监测9,10-二溴蒽原料反应完全后停止加热,反应液降至室温有固体析出,过滤烘干。粗产物用TCM:EA(质量比1:3)重结晶得橙红色粉末(1.45g,转化率68%),记号为AND3。
共轭炔基蒽衍生物AND3的1H NMR图如图1所示,
其氢谱数据为:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.61(dd,J=6.6,3.3Hz,4H),7.59(dd,J=6.7,3.2Hz,4H),7.49(dd,J=8.9,5.0Hz,4H),7.17–7.10(m,4H),6.92(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),6.85(dd,J=8.2,2.8Hz,4H),3.84(t,J=5.7Hz,4H),1.86–1.74(m,4H),1.43(dd,J=14.2,7.2Hz,4H),1.30–1.19(m,32H),0.85(t,J=6.8Hz,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ145.67,144.60,131.94,130.87,130.16,127.51,127.38,127.27,126.67,125.01,124.12,122.81,118.36,117.12,115.57,115.18,102.06,86.62,47.64,31.92,29.64,29.55,29.54,29.35,29.24,26.90,22.70,14.13.MP:167℃.FT-IR:3054.43,2917.98,2849.20,2360.77,1573.88,1595.75,1496.58,1463.20,1395.70,1328.84,1288.21,1246.51,1146.73,1131.76.HRMS(APCI):957.5292(M+H+)
实施例4
本实施例公开一种共轭炔基蒽衍生物,其合成方法如下:
称取9,10-二溴蒽(1.01g,3mmol),碘化亚铜(28.5mg,0.15mmol),三苯基膦(39.3mg,0.15mmol),二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(21.1mg,0.01mmol),加入到装有磁子和温度计的100ml三口烧瓶中,加入20ml DMF和15ml TEA使之溶解。称取4-乙炔基三苯胺(2.02g,7.5mmol),用10ml DMF溶解后转移到恒压滴液漏斗中。在电磁搅拌下抽真空充氮气三次后5℃/min升温至80℃,持续搅拌半小时后开始滴加的4-乙炔基三苯胺的DMF溶液。TCL监测9,10-二溴蒽原料反应完全后停止加热,反应液降至室温有固体析出,过滤烘干。粗产物用氯仿重结晶得黄色粉末(1.45g,转化率68%),记号为AND4。
共轭炔基蒽衍生物AND4的1H NMR图如图1所示,
其氢谱数据为:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.67(dd,J=6.6,3.2Hz,4H),7.61(dd,J=6.4,2.6Hz,8H),7.31(t,J=7.9Hz,8H),7.17(d,J=7.6Hz,8H),7.10(dd,J=11.7,4.8Hz,8H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ148.31,147.15,132.64,132.00,129.47,127.32,126.62,125.10,123.71,122.35,118.46,116.20,102.87,86.01MP:316℃.FT-IR:3035.09,2188.24,1588.22,1506.55,1492.13,1315.92,1277.99,1176.32,754.30,696.08.HRMS(ESI):712.3057(M+)。
实施例5
本实施例公开一种应用实施例4中共轭炔基蒽衍生物AND4调控甲基丙烯酸酯的原子转移自由基聚合,包括以下步骤:
(1)在50mL装有磁子的史莱克瓶中加入20mgAND4、100uLα-溴代苯乙酸乙酯、5mL甲基丙烯酸甲酯,5mL四氢呋喃(THF),液氮冷冻后抽真空充氮气,重复三次;
(2)待解冻后置于7W家用节能灯,优选为欧普照明/12-LE-47166/7W,或者其他现有技术的家用节能灯下搅拌,持续搅拌24h后将反应体系加入200mL甲醇中,过滤得到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯;
测试:所得聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯重新溶解于四氢呋喃中,加入200mL甲醇中沉淀析出;重复上述步骤三次,过滤得聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,真空干燥至恒重后待凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测试。
测试结果:采用重量法测得聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯转化率为20.8%,用凝胶渗透色谱法分析其分子量为Mn=14515g/mol,聚合分散度PDI=1.22。
综上所述,本发明中共轭炔基蒽衍生物的紫外可见吸收波长范围和吸光能力与蒽相比均显著提高,实现了蒽衍生物在可见光驱动的原子转移自由基光聚合中的应用;
本发明中共轭炔基蒽类衍生物调控的原子转移自由基聚合无需金属催化剂参与,因此得到的聚合物无需繁杂的纯化处理,简化制备步骤。
需要说明的是,在本文中,如若存在第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种共轭炔基蒽类衍生物,其特征在于,其结构通式为:
其中,R1、R2为以下结构式中的任意一种:
R为H或者为C1-C30的烷基的一种或者为C1-C30的烷氧基的一种。
2.一种共轭炔基蒽衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、在氮气保护下,将9,10-二溴蒽、Pd(PPh)3Cl2、CuI、TEA及DMF加入到反应瓶内,进行加热反应;
步骤二、滴加端炔化合物溶液,反应直至9,10-二溴蒽反应完全,过滤得到粗产物;
步骤三、重结晶提纯,得到产物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的共轭炔基蒽衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,其中,9,10-二溴蒽、端炔化合物溶液中的端炔化合物、Pd(PPh)3Cl2、CuI的用量比为1mmol:2-4mmol:0.001-0.05mmol:0.05-0.10mmol。
4.根据权利要求2所述的共轭炔基蒽衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,加热反应具体工艺为反应温度范围为60-120℃,待温度上升到60-120℃后,继续搅拌半小时后,再滴加端炔化合物溶液,再反应6-48h。
5.根据权利要求2所述的共轭炔基蒽衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述端炔化合物溶液中的溶剂为DMF。
6.根据权利要求2所述的共轭炔基蒽衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述端炔化合物中的端炔化合物为苯乙炔、N-十二烷基-3-乙炔基咔唑、N-十二烷基-3-乙炔基酚噻嗪、4-乙炔基三苯胺的一种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的共轭炔基蒽衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述端炔化合物中的端炔化合物与溶剂的摩尔浓度比为0.75mol/L。
8.根据权利要求2所述的共轭炔基蒽衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,其重结晶所用溶剂为氯仿、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯中的一种或多种。
9.采用如权利要求1所述的共轭炔基蒽类衍生物在双光子荧光显微成像、双光子光聚合、有机发光二极管中的应用。
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