CN109435343A - 一种异味吸收型防水材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种异味吸收型防水材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109435343A
CN109435343A CN201811025524.0A CN201811025524A CN109435343A CN 109435343 A CN109435343 A CN 109435343A CN 201811025524 A CN201811025524 A CN 201811025524A CN 109435343 A CN109435343 A CN 109435343A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种异味吸收型防水材料及其制备方法,属于防水材料领域,一种异味吸收型防水材料,包括TPO材料防水层,它可以实现TPO材料防水层的下端依次粘接有加强层、防腐蚀层改性沥青层和防粘纸,加强层能够大大提升材料的韧性、耐高温性能和隔层性能,防腐蚀层能够保护材料不易被腐蚀,TPO材料防水层的上端依次粘接有除臭层和耐磨层,除臭层能够吸收外界的异味气体,加强层由环氧树脂与高硅氧玻璃纤维布构成,除臭层采用两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜与活性炭无纺布层粘接制成,制备方法为改性沥青层的制备,加强层的制备和材料整体的复合。

Description

一种异味吸收型防水材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及防水材料领域,更具体地说,涉及一种异味吸收型防水材料。
背景技术
防水材料是建筑物的围护结构要防止雨水、雪水和地下水的渗透;要防止空气中的湿气、蒸汽和其他有害气体与液体的侵蚀;分隔结构要防止给排水的渗翻。这些防渗透、渗漏和侵蚀的材料统称,防水材料品种繁多,按其主要原料分为,沥青类防水材料。以天然沥青、石油沥青和煤沥青为主要原材料,制成的沥青油毡、纸胎沥青油毡、溶剂型和水乳型沥青类或沥青橡胶类涂料、油膏,具有良好的粘结性、塑性、抗水性、防腐性和耐久性;橡胶塑料类防水材料。以氯丁橡胶、丁基橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、聚氯乙烯、聚异丁烯和聚氨酯等原材料,可制成弹性无胎防水卷材、防水薄膜、防水涂料、涂膜材料及油膏、胶泥、止水带等密封材料,具有抗拉强度高,弹性和延伸率大,粘结性、抗水性和耐气候性好等特点,可以冷用,使用年限较长。
防水材料广泛应用于建筑的屋面、地下室、外墙、屋顶花园;室内厨卫、游泳池、蓄水池、饮水池;道路、桥梁、隧道、涵洞和地下空间;高速铁路、高速公路、地铁、城市轨道、机场;引水渠、水库、坝体、水利发电站及水处理等,需要根据据防水材料应用的场所的不同,需要给防水卷材一定的特殊性能,比如在沿海地区和高盐碱地区,因为受盐碱侵蚀,建筑物的防水工程要求比一般的建筑物防水标准更高,尤其要求防水材料要具有优异耐盐碱腐蚀性能和抗氯离子渗透性、能够长时间处于高盐碱环境中仍保持良好防水性能,能够抵抗高温和严寒。在防火等级要求高的应用场所,就要求所需防水卷材有一定的防火阻燃性能,而普通的高分子聚合物改性沥青的防火阻燃性能较差,不能达到使用要求。
在人们的日常生活中,尤其是居住在新装修的房子时,会产生各类异味,降低人们的生活质量乃至于危害人们的身体健康,目前市面上销售的家居装饰类的无纺布,很少兼具防水与吸收异味功能于一体,而且现有的沥青防水卷材拉伸强度、延伸率低、温度稳定性差,易受天气的影响、耐候性较差。
针对现有技术中的缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种可以吸收异味还具有较高强度的防水材料,可以有效解决了现有防水卷材的存在的弊端,符合目前建筑行业的需求,具有重要意义及实用价值。
发明内容
1.要解决的技术问题
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种异味吸收防水材料,它可以实现能够吸收周围环境的异味,使空气清洁,且本防水卷材具有优秀的的防水性能、韧性和耐高温性能,符合目前建筑行业的需求,具有重要意义及实用价值。
2.技术方案
为解决上述问题,本发明采用如下的技术方案。
本发明涉及一种异味吸收防水材料,包括TPO材料防水层,所述TPO材料防水层的下端依次粘接有加强层、防腐蚀层改性沥青层和防粘纸,加强层能够提高材料的强度,所述TPO材料防水层的上端依次粘接有除臭层和耐磨层,除臭层能够能够吸收外界的异味气体。
进一步的,所述除臭层采用两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜与活性炭无纺布层粘接制成,活性炭无纺布层位于两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜之间,线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜的厚度为20um,微孔膜上开凿有均匀分布的微气孔,微气孔孔径为1um,活性炭无纺布层的活性碳含量为60%,使材料可以吸收周围环境中的异味气体,清洁周围的空气环境,改善周围的空气质量。
进一步的,所述加强层由环氧树脂与高硅氧玻璃纤维布构成,能够大大提升材料的韧性、耐高温性能和隔层性能,使材料所处环境的热量不易散失,使周围环境的温度保持稳定。
进一步的,所述耐磨层由丁晴橡胶制成,能够很好额保护材料的内部防水和除臭结构,使材料内部不易损坏,能够提高材料的耐高温性能。
进一步的,所述改性沥青层包括如下重量分数的各组分:沥青35-40份,苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物10-20份,改性剂5-10份,增粘剂2-15份,填充剂20-30份,抗老化剂0.5-1.5份,抗剥落剂0.1-0.5份,软化剂5-10份,增韧剂1-1.5份,填料5-30份。
进一步的,所述填料为碳酸钙,可使沥青层伸长率变大,抗张强度提高、提高耐磨性能。
进一步的,所述改性剂为三元乙丙橡胶。
进一步的,所述防腐蚀层由聚丙烯树脂材料制成,使防水材料不易被腐蚀。
本发明还涉及一种一种异味吸收防水材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
一、改性沥青层的制备:沥青基质加热到170-190℃,加入软化剂反应1h,然后加入苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和改性剂搅拌混合2-4小时,形成反应混合物。
二、向反应混合物中按照配比加入填料,抗氧化剂和增韧剂,在120-150℃搅拌反应1-2h,再加入抗剥落剂,搅拌均匀,冷却,即制得改性沥青.
三、在TPO材料防水层与防腐蚀层之间放置高硅氧玻璃纤维布,然后通过环氧树脂将TPO材料防水层和防腐蚀层与高硅氧玻璃纤维布粘接,将防腐蚀层的下表面图涂覆一层改性沥青层,涂覆厚度为0.8-2mm,然后在改性沥青层上铺设(8)
四、在TPO材料防水层的上表面涂抹粘接剂并依次粘接除臭层和耐磨层。
3.有益效果
相比于现有技术,本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明所述的异味吸收防水材料采用两层防水层,有效提高材料的防水性能,第二层防水层为有粘性的改性沥青层,方便在与材料安置至基面时适应不同表面的基面。
(2)本方案的加强层为高硅氧玻璃纤维布,高硅氧玻璃纤维布在1000摄氏度内能长久保持良好的强度和弹性,还具有很好的隔热性和耐高温性,能大大提升材料的韧性、隔热性能和耐高温性。
(3)本方案的耐磨层采用丁晴橡胶制成,丁晴橡胶耐磨性较高,耐热性较好,能够很好额保护材料的内部防水和除臭结构,使材料内部不易损坏,能够提高材料的耐高温性能。
(4)本方案的的除臭层采用两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜与活性炭无纺布层粘接制成,活性炭无纺布采具有良好的吸附性能,透气性好,无异味,活性炭颗粒不易脱落且易热压成型,可以有效吸附各种工业废气,如苯、甲醛、氨气和二硫化碳等异味气体,能够有效的吸收材料周围的异味和有害气体,使周围环境空气清洁。
(5)线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜强度大、韧性好具有良好的耐环境应力开裂性,耐冲击强度、耐撕裂强度等性能,使材料的韧性和耐冲击强度等力学性能提高,还具有透气性,方便活性炭无纺布层对异味气体进行吸收。
(6)本方案改性沥青层具有良好的防水性和粘性,在将材料安装至基面上时能够适应不同凹凸程度的基面,方便材料的安装。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
1TOP防水层、2除臭层、3耐磨层、4加强层、5防粘纸、6防腐层、7改性沥青层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图;对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述;显然;所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例;而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例;本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例;都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”、“顶/底端”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“设置有”、“套设/接”、“连接”等,应做广义理解,例如“连接”,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例1:
请参阅图1,一种异味吸收型防水材料,包括TPO材料防水层,TPO材料防水层的下端依次粘接有加强层、防腐蚀层改性沥青层和防粘纸,TPO材料防水层的上端依次粘接有除臭层和耐磨层,除臭层采用两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜与活性炭无纺布层粘接制成,活性炭无纺布层位于两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜之间,线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜的厚度为20um,微孔膜上开凿有均匀分布的微气孔,微气孔孔径为1um,活性炭无纺布层的活性碳含量为60%,使材料可以吸收周围环境中的异味气体,清洁周围的空气环境,改善周围的空气质量,加强层由环氧树脂与高硅氧玻璃纤维布构成,能大大提升材料的韧性、隔热性能和耐高温性,耐磨层由丁晴橡胶制成,能够很好额保护材料的内部防水和除臭结构,使材料内部不易损坏,能够提高材料的耐高温性能,防腐蚀层由聚丙烯树脂材料制成,能够保护材料不易被腐蚀。
改性沥青层包括如下重量分数的各组分:沥青40份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物15份、改性剂5份、增粘剂15份、抗老化剂1.5份,抗剥落剂0.5份,软化剂7份,增韧剂1份,填料15份,其中填料为碳酸钙,改性剂为三元乙丙橡胶,采用油性紫外线吸收剂作为抗老化剂,抗剥落剂为含磷羟基抗剥落剂,软化剂为松焦油,增韧剂为聚乙烯醇。
异味吸收防水材料制备方法,包括如下步骤:
一、改性沥青层的制备:沥青基质加热到170-190℃,加入软化剂反应1h,然后加入苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和改性剂搅拌混合2-4小时,形成反应混合物。
二、向反应混合物中按照配比加入填料,抗氧化剂和增韧剂,在120-150℃搅拌反应1-2h,再加入抗剥落剂,搅拌均匀,冷却,即制得改性沥青层。
三、在TPO材料防水层与防腐蚀层之间放置高硅氧玻璃纤维布,然后通过环氧树脂将TPO材料防水层和防腐蚀层与高硅氧玻璃纤维布粘接,将防腐蚀层的下表面图涂覆一层改性沥青层,涂覆厚度为0.8-2mm,然后在改性沥青层上铺设防粘纸。
四、在TPO材料防水层的上表面涂抹粘接剂并依次粘接除臭层和耐磨层。
实施例2:
一种异味吸收型防水材料,包括TPO材料防水层,TPO材料防水层的下端依次粘接有加强层、防腐蚀层改性沥青层和防粘纸,TPO材料防水层的上端依次粘接有除臭层和耐磨层,除臭层采用两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜与活性炭无纺布层粘接制成,活性炭无纺布层位于两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜之间,线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜的厚度为20um,微孔膜上开凿有均匀分布的微气孔,微气孔孔径为1um,活性炭无纺布层的活性碳含量为60%,使材料可以吸收周围环境中的异味气体,清洁周围的空气环境,改善周围的空气质量,加强层由环氧树脂与高硅氧玻璃纤维布构成,能大大提升材料的韧性、隔热性能和耐高温性,耐磨层由丁晴橡胶制成,能够很好额保护材料的内部防水和除臭结构,使材料内部不易损坏,能够提高材料的耐高温性能,防腐蚀层由聚丙烯树脂材料制成,能够保护材料不易被腐蚀。
改性沥青层包括如下重量分数的各组分:沥青40份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物20份、改性剂5份、增粘剂10份、抗老化剂1份,抗剥落剂0.5份,软化剂5份,增韧剂1.5份,填料17份,其中填料为碳酸钙,改性剂为三元乙丙橡胶,采用油性紫外线吸收剂作为抗老化剂,抗剥落剂为含磷羟基抗剥落剂,软化剂为松焦油,增韧剂为聚乙烯醇。
异味吸收防水材料制备方法,包括如下步骤:
一、改性沥青层的制备:沥青基质加热到170-190℃,加入软化剂反应1h,然后加入苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和改性剂搅拌混合2-4小时,形成反应混合物。
二、向反应混合物中按照配比加入填料,抗氧化剂和增韧剂,在120-150℃搅拌反应1-2h,再加入抗剥落剂,搅拌均匀,冷却,即制得改性沥青层。
三、在TPO材料防水层与防腐蚀层之间放置高硅氧玻璃纤维布,然后通过环氧树脂将TPO材料防水层和防腐蚀层与高硅氧玻璃纤维布粘接,将防腐蚀层的下表面图涂覆一层改性沥青层,涂覆厚度为0.8-2mm,然后在改性沥青层上铺设防粘纸。
四、在TPO材料防水层的上表面涂抹粘接剂并依次粘接除臭层和耐磨层。
实施例3:
一种异味吸收型防水材料,包括TPO材料防水层,TPO材料防水层的下端依次粘接有加强层、防腐蚀层改性沥青层和防粘纸,TPO材料防水层的上端依次粘接有除臭层和耐磨层,除臭层采用两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜与活性炭无纺布层粘接制成,活性炭无纺布层位于两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜之间,线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜的厚度为20um,微孔膜上开凿有均匀分布的微气孔,微气孔孔径为1um,活性炭无纺布层的活性碳含量为60%,使材料可以吸收周围环境中的异味气体,清洁周围的空气环境,改善周围的空气质量,加强层由环氧树脂与高硅氧玻璃纤维布构成,能大大提升材料的韧性、隔热性能和耐高温性,耐磨层由丁晴橡胶制成,能够很好额保护材料的内部防水和除臭结构,使材料内部不易损坏,能够提高材料的耐高温性能,防腐蚀层由聚丙烯树脂材料制成,能够保护材料不易被腐蚀。
改性沥青层包括如下重量分数的各组分:沥青35份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物15份、改性剂15份、增粘剂15份、抗老化剂1份,抗剥落剂0.5份,软化剂4份,增韧剂1.5份,填料13份,其中填料为碳酸钙,改性剂为三元乙丙橡胶,采用油性紫外线吸收剂作为抗老化剂,抗剥落剂为含磷羟基抗剥落剂,软化剂为松焦油,增韧剂为聚乙烯醇。
异味吸收防水材料制备方法,包括如下步骤:
一、改性沥青层的制备:沥青基质加热到170-190℃,加入软化剂反应1h,然后加入苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和改性剂搅拌混合2-4小时,形成反应混合物。
二、向反应混合物中按照配比加入填料,抗氧化剂和增韧剂,在120-150℃搅拌反应1-2h,再加入抗剥落剂,搅拌均匀,冷却,即制得改性沥青层。
三、在TPO材料防水层与防腐蚀层之间放置高硅氧玻璃纤维布,然后通过环氧树脂将TPO材料防水层和防腐蚀层与高硅氧玻璃纤维布粘接,将防腐蚀层的下表面图涂覆一层改性沥青层,涂覆厚度为0.8-2mm,然后在改性沥青层上铺设防粘纸。
四、在TPO材料防水层的上表面涂抹粘接剂并依次粘接除臭层和耐磨层。
本方案的一种异味吸收防水材料,采用TPO材料防水层和改性沥青层双层防水层,使材料具有优秀的防水性能,其中改性沥青层还具有粘性,使用时可将防粘纸撕下,就可将材料粘在基面上,方便安装,使用环氧树脂与高硅氧玻璃纤维布构成的加强层,大大提高的材料的弹性、韧性隔热性和耐高温性,通过两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜与活性炭无纺布层粘接而成的除臭层,使材料可以吸收周围环境的异味气体,还能使材料的韧性和耐冲击强度等力学性能提高,本方案各层之间粘合性好,制备工艺简单,能够大大提高材料防水性能及力学性,还可吸收周围环境的已为其他,符合目前建筑行业的需求,具有较高的应用价值。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式;但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其改进构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种异味吸收型防水材料,包括TPO材料防水层,其特征在于:所述TPO材料防水层的下端依次粘接有加强层、防腐蚀层改性沥青层和防粘纸,加强层能够大大提升材料的韧性、耐高温性能和隔层性能,防腐蚀层能够保护材料不易被腐蚀,所述TPO材料防水层的上端依次粘接有除臭层和耐磨层,除臭层能够吸收外界的异味气体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种异味吸收防水材料,其特征在于:所述除臭层采用两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜与活性炭无纺布层粘接制成,活性炭无纺布层位于两层线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜之间,线性低密度聚乙烯微孔膜的厚度为20um,微孔膜上开凿有均匀分布的微气孔,微气孔孔径为1um,活性炭无纺布层的活性碳含量为60%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种异味吸收防水材料,其特征在于:所述加强层由环氧树脂与高硅氧玻璃纤维布构成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种异味吸收防水材料,其特征在于:所述耐磨层由丁晴橡胶制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种异味吸收防水材料,其特征在于:所述防腐蚀层由聚丙烯树脂材料制成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种异味吸收防水材料,其特征在于:所述改性沥青层包括如下重量分数的各组分:沥青35-40份,苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物10-20份,改性剂5-10份,增粘剂2-15份,抗老化剂0.5-1.5份,抗剥落剂0.1-0.5份,软化剂5-10份,增韧剂1-1.5份,填料5-30份。
7.根据权利要求8所述的一种异味吸收防水材料,其特征在于:所述填料为碳酸钙。
8.根据权利要求8所述的一种异味吸收防水材料,其特征在于:所述改性剂为三元乙丙橡胶。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的一种异味吸收防水材料的制备方法,其特征在于:其制备方法为:
一、改性沥青层的制备:沥青基质加热到170-190℃,加入软化剂反应1h,然后加入苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和改性剂搅拌混合2-4小时,形成反应混合物。
二、向反应混合物中按照配比加入填料,抗氧化剂和增韧剂,在120-150℃搅拌反应1-2h,再加入抗剥落剂,搅拌均匀,冷却,即制得改性沥青层。
三、在TPO材料防水层与防腐蚀层之间放置高硅氧玻璃纤维布,然后通过环氧树脂将TPO材料防水层和防腐蚀层与高硅氧玻璃纤维布粘接,将防腐蚀层的下表面图涂覆一层改性沥青层,涂覆厚度为0.8-2mm,然后在改性沥青层上铺设防粘纸。
四、在TPO材料防水层的上表面涂抹粘接剂并依次粘接除臭层和耐磨层。
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