CN109434573B - Grinding method and grinding structure for convex curve non-circular contour part - Google Patents

Grinding method and grinding structure for convex curve non-circular contour part Download PDF

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CN109434573B
CN109434573B CN201811624395.7A CN201811624395A CN109434573B CN 109434573 B CN109434573 B CN 109434573B CN 201811624395 A CN201811624395 A CN 201811624395A CN 109434573 B CN109434573 B CN 109434573B
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revolution
grinding
grinding wheel
point
contour
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CN109434573A (en
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张二朋
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/20—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor relating to feed movement

Abstract

The grinding method and the grinding structure of the convex curve non-circular outline part enable the part and the grinding wheel to revolve around the revolution circle centers of the part and the grinding wheel respectively, and the grinding wheel rotates around the axis of the grinding wheel at the same time; the revolution radius of the grinding wheel is equal to the revolution radius of the part; when the grinding starting position is set, the grinding wheel grinds the grinding allowance of the far point of the part contour; during grinding, the part and the grinding wheel revolve around the respective revolution circle centers respectively, the grinding wheel always keeps tangent with the process planning track of the ground point of the part outline and revolves around the axis of the grinding wheel, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center continuously changes along the connecting line direction of the two revolution circle centers in the grinding process, and when the grinding is finished, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is equal to a specific value. The invention makes the grinding wheel and the parts revolve with equal radius in the grinding process, converts the linear reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel into the circumferential same-direction rotary motion, has no impact load when the straight line is reversed, simultaneously maintains the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel, and improves the processing precision and efficiency.

Description

Grinding method and grinding structure for convex curve non-circular contour part
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a grinding method and a grinding structure for a part with a convex curve non-circular outline shape.
Background
Grinding is a cutting process for machining the surface of a part by using a grinding tool such as a grinding wheel rotating at a high speed. Grinding can process inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, conical surfaces and planes of various parts, and special and complex forming surfaces such as threads, gears and splines. Grinding is generally used as a finishing process of the surfaces of parts, such as finishing of parts of a crankshaft, an eccentric shaft, a camshaft, a stator cavity of a vane pump, a stator cavity of an inner curve motor, a stator cavity of a radial ball plug motor and the like, but can also be used for rough machining work of blank pretreatment, cleaning and the like. In the machining process, redundant metal on the surface to be machined on the part is removed through a machining method to obtain the machining surface required by design, and the thickness of a reserved (to-be-cut-removed) metal layer on the surface of the part is called machining allowance. The allowance of the grinding process is grinding allowance. Before grinding, a grinding process planning is performed for the ground profile and the grinding allowance, the total number of grinding turns and the grinding allowance distributed by each turn are determined, and a motion track of a ground point, which is also called a process planning track, is set.
The conventional grinding method for parts such as crankshafts and cams is a follow-up grinding method, as shown in fig. 1, when the parts are ground, the parts 100 revolve around their own axes, the grinding wheel 200 reciprocates along a straight line (X-axis direction) while rotating at a high speed, and the grinding wheel 200 is fed with a grinding amount, and the grinding wheel 200 is always tangent to a process planning track of a ground point of the contour of the parts 100 during the machining process, thereby completing the grinding process. The grinding of the part contour usually adopts computer digital control (Computerized Numerical Control, CNC for short) of the profiling-free grinding, and the CNC-control profiling-free grinding has the characteristics of high machining precision, easy quality control and high efficiency. However, the traditional grinding mode is that the part rotates around the axis of the part, the grinding wheel moves in a straight line and reciprocates along with the change of the polar diameter of the profile of the part, and the straight line movement of the grinding wheel is reversed at the polar point of the profile curve. Because of the influence of the inertial load of the linear shaft, the linear motion response of the grinding wheel is delayed, the part contour is easy to be under cut or over cut at the curve pole, the grinding precision is difficult to ensure, and if the grinding precision is to be improved, the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel is limited, so that the improvement of the grinding efficiency is definitely restricted.
The Chinese patent application with the application number of 201010129465.9 provides a new crankshaft grinding method. When the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft is ground, the crankshaft rotates around the rotation center of the crankshaft, and the connecting rod journal has a certain eccentricity relative to the rotation center of the crankshaft, so that the connecting rod journal performs circular motion with the rotation center of the crankshaft as a center and the eccentricity as a radius during rotation of the crankshaft. The grinding wheel rotates around the rotation center of the grinding wheel, and simultaneously moves according to a preset motion track curve, so that the high point of the grinding wheel always grinds the high point of the connecting rod journal, and the surface of the crankshaft is ground in a rounding mode. The method solves the problem that impact load influences grinding quality when the linear motion of a grinding wheel is reversed in the traditional grinding processing method of a crankshaft, and the method utilizes the synchronous motion of the revolution of the grinding wheel and the rotation of a connecting rod journal in the same phase to finish grinding, wherein the motion is essentially that one side of a parallelogram is fixed (the distance between the rotation center of the crankshaft and the revolution center of the grinding wheel), two adjacent sides of the side synchronously rotate in the same phase (the eccentric distance of the connecting rod journal and the revolution radius of the grinding wheel), and the opposite sides of the side are translated (the distance from the rotation center of the grinding wheel to the center of the connecting rod journal). This method cannot be used for machining parts with convex curved non-circular contours and has a limited range of applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient method for grinding a convex curve non-circular profile part.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solution:
the grinding method of the convex curve non-circular contour part is used for grinding the outer contour of the part, and comprises the following steps:
setting a part to enable the part to revolve around the first revolution circle center;
arranging a grinding wheel, so that the grinding wheel can revolve around the second revolution circle center and can revolve around the axis of the grinding wheel; the revolution radius of the grinding wheel is equal to the revolution radius of the part, and the revolution radius R meets the following conditions: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 Wherein r is max Is the maximum diameter of the profile of the part, L 1 Is half of the length of the line connecting the two intersection points of the mounting reference line of the part and the profile of the part, R 1 Radius of curvature which is the far point of the part profile;
setting the distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution center, wherein the distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution center is equal to L when the grinding starting position is set 1 +R s +delta, grinding margin of far point of grinding wheel grinding part contour, R s The radius of the grinding wheel is shown, and delta is the grinding allowance;
the part and the grinding wheel revolve around the revolution circle center respectively, and the grinding wheel always maintains the ground point with the contour of the part The process planning track of (2) is tangent and rotates around the axis of the process planning track, the workpiece is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center in the grinding process is reduced along the connecting line direction of the two revolution circle centers, and when the grinding is finished, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is equal to L 1 +R s 。
The grinding method of the convex curve non-circular contour part is used for grinding the inner contour of the part, and comprises the following steps:
setting a part to enable the part to revolve around the first revolution circle center;
arranging a grinding wheel, so that the grinding wheel can revolve around the second revolution circle center and can revolve around the axis of the grinding wheel; the revolution radius of the grinding wheel is equal to the revolution radius of the part, and the revolution radius R meets the following conditions: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 Wherein r is max Is the maximum diameter of the profile of the part, L 1 Is half of the length of the line connecting the two intersection points of the mounting reference line of the part and the profile of the part, R 1 Radius of curvature which is the far point of the part profile; the radius of the grinding wheel is smaller than or equal to the minimum curvature radius of the profile of the part;
setting the distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution center, wherein the distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution center is equal to L when the grinding starting position is set 1 -R s Delta, grinding margin of far point of grinding wheel grinding part profile, R s The radius of the grinding wheel is shown, and delta is the grinding allowance;
the part and the grinding wheel revolve around the respective revolution circle centers respectively, the grinding wheel always keeps tangent with the process planning track of the ground point of the outline of the part and revolves around the axis of the grinding wheel, the part is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center increases along the connecting line direction of the two revolution circle centers in the grinding process, and when the grinding is completed, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is equal to L 1 -R s 。
More specifically, when the line from the first revolution center to the mounting reference point of the part is the same as the direction of the perpendicular line from the second revolution center to the axis of the grinding wheel itself and is on the same line, the position is the grinding start position.
More specifically, the mounting reference line of the part is determined by: determining at least one point in the contour of the part, wherein at least one straight line passing through the point exists, and the straight line and the normal of two intersection points of the straight line and the contour of the part coincide; when only one straight line meets the normal coincidence of the straight line and two intersection points of the straight line and the part contour, the straight line is the installation datum line of the part, when a plurality of straight lines meet the normal coincidence of the straight line and the two intersection points of the straight line and the part contour, the straight line with the shortest connecting line length between the straight lines and the two intersection points of the part contour is found out, the straight line with the shortest connecting line length between the intersection points is the installation datum line of the part, the midpoint of the connecting line between the installation datum line and the two intersection points of the part contour is the installation datum point of the part, the installation datum point of the part is positioned at the tail end of the revolution radius of the part during installation, and the installation datum line coincides with the revolution radius of the part; the motion track of the installation datum point is the revolution circle of the part, and the motion track of the axis of the grinding wheel is the revolution circle of the grinding wheel.
More specifically, the far point of the part contour is the intersection point with smaller curvature radius in two intersection points of the installation datum line and the part contour, and the intersection point with larger curvature radius is the near point of the part contour; when the curvature radiuses of the two intersection points are equal, the intersection point which is far from the center of the first revolution after the part is installed is taken as a far point, and the intersection point which is close to the center of the first revolution is taken as a near point.
The invention also provides a grinding structure of the convex curve non-circular contour part, which comprises the following steps: the part installation position can revolve around the first revolution circle center; the grinding wheel can revolve around the second revolution circle center and can revolve around the axis of the grinding wheel, the revolution radius of the part installation position is equal to the revolution radius of the grinding wheel, the axis of the part arranged on the part installation position is parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, and when the part and the grinding wheel rotate, the grinding wheel always keeps tangent with the process planning track of the ground point of the part profile; the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center can relatively move along the connecting line of the two revolution circle centers.
More specifically, when the outer contour of the part is ground, the distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution center is equal to O 1 O 2 ＝L 1 +R s Reduction of +delta to O 1 O 2 ＝L 1 +R s The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the inner contour of the part is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is equal to O 1 O 2 ＝L 1 -R s Delta is increased to L 1 -R s The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein O is 1 O 2 L is the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center 1 Is half of the length of the line connecting the two intersection points of the mounting reference line of the part and the profile of the part, R s The radius delta of the grinding wheel is the grinding allowance, and when the inner contour is ground, the radius of the grinding wheel is smaller than or equal to the minimum curvature radius of the part contour.
According to the technical scheme, the invention aims at the problems that in the grinding process of the convex curve non-circular outline, the processing precision and the processing efficiency are limited by the inertial load of the straight reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel shaft, and provides the equal-diameter revolution circular track grinding method. The part and the grinding wheel rotate in the same direction on the own revolution circumference, the grinding wheel follows the tangent point on the process planning track of the ground point of the part outline on the revolution circumference, and the grinding feeding is realized by continuous in-line movement of the revolution circle center of the grinding wheel relative to the revolution axis of the part by means of continuous change of the phase difference between the revolution of the grinding wheel and the revolution of the part, so that the grinding is realized. The grinding process keeps the process planning track of the grinding wheel and the ground point of the convex curve outline of the part always tangent, the adjacent discrete points are approximately approximated by the grinding track, frequent reverse impact of a linear shaft is eliminated, the linear reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel is converted into circumferential same-direction rotary motion, impact load during linear reverse is avoided, and meanwhile, the high-speed autorotation of the grinding wheel is kept, so that the grinding precision and the grinding efficiency can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the embodiments or the drawings required for the description of the prior art, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional grinding process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the grinding method of the present invention;
FIGS. 3a to 3h are schematic views showing different states in the process of grinding the outer contour of a part;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an initial grinding state when grinding the inner profile of a part;
FIGS. 5a to 5h are schematic views showing different states during the grinding of the inner contour of the part;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of grinding an outer contour of another part;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of grinding the internal profile of another part;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a machine tool that can be used to grind parts using the method of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a top view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of another machine tool that can be used to grind parts using the method of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the machine tool of fig. 12 with a grinding wheel mounted thereon.
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Detailed Description
To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
If a planar curve is always on the same side of each of its point tangents, the curve is a convex curve. The polar diameter on the convex curve profile is a profile curve pole from monotonically increasing to monotonically decreasing critical point or from monotonically decreasing to monotonically increasing critical point. The contour curve pole can be a point or a circular arc concentric with the convex curve contour coordinate pole.
The invention provides an equal-diameter revolution circumference track grinding method aiming at a convex curve non-circular contour part (namely, the cross section of the part is a non-circular convex curve, and the contour in the following description refers to the cross section of the part). The straight line of any point in the non-circular outline of the overconvex curve can be intersected with the non-circular outline of the convex curve at two points, and the method is suitable for grinding the non-circular outline of the convex curve meeting the following conditions: at least one point can be found within the convex curve non-circular contour, there is at least one straight line passing through the point, and the straight line itself can coincide with the normal of the two intersection points of the straight line and the convex curve non-circular contour. When only one straight line meets the normal coincidence of the straight line and two intersection points of the straight line and the convex curve non-circular outline, the straight line is a mounting datum line of the part, when a plurality of straight lines meet the normal coincidence of the straight line and two intersection points of the straight line and the convex curve non-circular outline, a straight line with the shortest connecting line length between the straight lines and the two intersection points of the convex curve non-circular outline is found out, the straight line with the shortest connecting line length between the intersection points is used as the mounting datum line of the part, and the midpoint of the connecting line between the mounting datum line and the two intersection points of the convex curve non-circular outline is used as the mounting datum point of the part. The straight line passing through the installation datum point and parallel to the generatrix of the convex curve non-circular contour is the axis of the convex curve non-circular contour. Establishing a coordinate system by taking the installation datum point as a coordinate pole, and acquiring the pole diameter of each point on the convex curve non-circular contour so as to determine the contour curve pole, the curvature radius of the contour curve pole and the minimum curvature radius R of the convex curve non-circular contour min And maximum polar diameter r max . The curvature radius of two intersection points of the installation datum line and the convex curve non-circular outline is R respectively 1 、R 2 The intersection point with smaller curvature radius is defined as the far point Q of the non-circular outline of the convex curve 1 The intersection point with larger curvature radius is the near point Q of the non-circular outline of the convex curve 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When (when)When the curvature radius of the two intersection points is equal, any one intersection point can be defined as a far point of the contour, and the other intersection point is a near point of the contour. The component mounting is positioned with the mounting reference point of the component at the end of the revolution radius of the component, requiring the mounting reference line to coincide with a revolution radius of the component. After the parts are installed, the far point is far from the center of the first revolution relative to the near point.
When the method is used for grinding the part, the part and the grinding wheel respectively do circular motion (revolution), the circle centers of the two motion tracks (revolution) are arranged at intervals, the revolution radiuses are equal, and the axis of the grinding wheel is parallel to the axis of the part. The parts do not revolve (rotate) around the self axis, and the grinding wheel can revolve (rotate) around the self axis (rotation axis) at high speed, namely, the grinding wheel revolves (rotates) around the axis while doing circular motion (revolution). The revolution radius R of the part and the grinding wheel meets the following conditions: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 ，L 1 For mounting half the length of the line connecting the datum line and the two intersection points of the convex curve non-circular profile, R 1 The radius of curvature of the far point, which is the non-circular profile of the convex curve. The part moves circularly during grinding, the grinding wheel rotates on one hand, and follows the part to move circularly on the other hand, the grinding wheel is always tangent to the process planning track of the ground point of the part contour, and the part contour (grinding allowance) is ground at the tangent point.
The grinding method of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the method is adopted for contour grinding, the installation parameters such as the installation datum point, the installation datum line, the contour curve pole, the near point, the far point and the like of the part are determined according to the (inner/outer) contour of the part. As shown in fig. 2, taking the outer contour of an ellipse as an example, firstly determining a mounting datum line l of a part 1, arbitrarily making a straight line through the geometric symmetry center of the ellipse contour, intersecting the obtained straight line and the ellipse at two points, wherein only the straight line coincident with the minor axis or major axis of the ellipse can meet the condition that the normal direction of the intersection point of the straight line and the ellipse coincides with the straight line, and the straight line made through any point outside the geometric symmetry center, wherein the obtained straight line coincides with the straight line at most only with the normal direction of one intersection point in the two intersection points of the straight line and the ellipse; in the ellipse, the length of the minor axis is the shortest, and therefore, the minor axis is taken as the mounting reference line l of the component 1, and the midpoint of the minor axis (i.e., the geometric symmetry center of the ellipse) is taken as the mounting reference point a. Since the ellipse is a symmetrical pattern, the radius of curvature at the two intersections of the minor axis and the ellipse are equal, and either of the two intersections can be the far point of the ellipse.
Then, the mounting positions of the part 1 and the grinding wheel 2 can be determined according to the mounting parameters of the part 1; o in FIG. 2 1 Is the revolution center (first revolution center) of the part 1, O 2 Is the revolution circle center (second revolution circle center) of the grinding wheel 2, R is the revolution radius, R s For the radius of the grinding wheel 2, the mounting reference point a of the part 1 is located at the end of the revolution radius of the part 1, i.e., the mounting reference point a of the part 1 moves along the revolution circumference of the part 1; the installation datum line l of the part 1 and the revolution circle center O of the part 1 1 Coincident with the line connecting the reference points A of the part 1, i.e. the reference line l of the part 1 is collinear with a revolution radius of the part 1, and the far point of the part is spaced from the revolution centre O of the part 1 relative to the near point of the part 1 Far.
The (rotation) axis of the grinding wheel 2 is located at the end of the revolution radius of the grinding wheel 2, and the (rotation) axis of the grinding wheel 2 moves along the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel 2. The revolution radius of the grinding wheel 2 is prolonged to be intersected with the outer circumference of the grinding wheel 2 at two points, wherein the revolution radius is far from the second revolution circle center O 2 The near intersection point is the near point of the grinding wheel and is away from the second revolution circle center O 2 The far intersection point is the far point of the grinding wheel, and the second revolution circle center O 2 Is the center of a circle, [ R-R ] s ，R+R s ]The annular region defined for the radius range is the grinding region of the grinding wheel 2. The installation datum line l and the first revolution circle center O of the part 1 1 On the same line with the reference point A of the part, the far point of the contour of the part (convex curve is non-circular) reaches the first revolution circle center O 1 Is R+L 1 The near point of the outline of the part (convex curve is non-circular) reaches the first revolution circle center O 1 Is R-L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When from the first revolution circle center O 1 Rays to the reference point A of the part and from the second revolution center O 2 The direction of the vertical ray of the rotation axis of the grinding wheel is the same as that of the vertical ray of the rotation axis of the grinding wheel, and the two raysOn the same line, this position can be defined as a grinding start position, i.e., the grinding wheel 2 starts grinding the grinding allowance of the part profile from the phase of the far point or the near point of the part profile. At the grinding starting position, the first revolution circle center O 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 The method comprises the following steps: o (O) 1 O 2 ＝L 1 +R s +delta (when grinding the outer contour), or the first revolution center O 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 Is O 1 O 2 ＝L 1 -R s Delta (when grinding the inner profile), delta being the grinding margin; preferably, the first revolution circle center O 1 When the line between the mounting reference point a of the component and the line is horizontal and the revolution radius in the horizontal direction of the grinding wheel 2 is on the same line as the grinding start position (fig. 2), the grinding is started from the phase of the far point of the component contour, that is, the grinding wheel 2 grinds the grinding margin of the far point of the component contour at the grinding start position. When the inner contour is ground, the radius of the grinding wheel 2 is less than or equal to the minimum radius of curvature of the contour of the part, namely R s ≤R min 。
After the installation positions of the part 1 and the grinding wheel 2 are determined and installed, the grinding processing is started from the grinding starting position, in the process, the part 1 only revolves and moves along the revolution circumference, the part cannot rotate, the grinding wheel 2 always follows the part 1 to perform revolution, the grinding wheel 2 is tangential to a process planning track of a ground point of the contour of the part 1, and the grinding wheel 2 rotates at a high speed at the same time to grind the residual contour of the part or finish the contour of the part.
During the process of grinding the outer contour, the first revolution circle center O 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 The two revolution circle centers are relatively moved along the connecting line of the two revolution circle centers to ensure that the first revolution circle center O 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 Continuously reducing to realize grinding feeding, and when the grinding allowance is completely removed, O 1 O 2 ＝L 1 +R s The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the During the process of grinding the inner contour, the first revolution circle center O 1 And a second revolutionCentre of circle O 2 The two revolution circle centers are relatively moved along the connecting line of the two revolution circle centers to ensure that the first revolution circle center O 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 Continuously increasing to realize grinding feeding, and when the grinding allowance is completely removed, O 1 O 2 ＝L 1 -R s 。
For example, for the part with an oval outer contour shown in FIG. 2, if the major axis of the oval outer contour of the part is 90mm long, the maximum radius r of the contour max The minimum diameter is 25mm, the short axis is a mounting datum line, the short axis length is 50mm, and the curvature radius at the intersection point of the mounting datum line and the outer contour is 45 x 45/25=81 mm. Since the grinding wheel radius is not constrained by the minimum radius of curvature of the profile when grinding the outer profile, the grinding wheel radius is 8mm, and the oval outer profile can be ground. The radius R of the revolution circumference of the part and the grinding wheel needs to satisfy: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 Namely, R is not less than 45 and (R+25) is not less than 81, and the radius R of the revolution circumference of the part and the grinding wheel can be set to 60mm. The grinding allowance delta of the part is 5mm.
The part 1 and the grinding wheel 2 are respectively installed, and at the grinding starting position shown in figure 2, the part is positioned at the first revolution circle center O 1 Rays between the mounting datum point A of the part and the centre of the second revolution O 2 The radial directions of the two parts reaching the rotation center of the grinding wheel 2 are the same and are positioned on the same straight line, the grinding wheel 2 grinds the grinding allowance of the far point of the outer contour of the part 1, and the first revolution circle center O 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 Set as O 1 O 2 ＝L 1 +R s +δ=25+8+5=38 mm. After the parts and the grinding wheel are installed, the revolution is started, and the grinding is carried out.
The points on the outer (or inner) profile of the part are offset outwardly (or inwardly) from their normal direction by R s The distance (d) is the position of the wheel axis (rotation center) at the time of grinding the point. All points on the part outer (or inner) profile are offset outwardly (or inwardly) by R along its normal s After a distance of (2), a radius R is formed s In the grinding wheel rotation when the grinding wheel grinds the outer contour (or inner contour) of the partThe trajectory of the core relative to the part outer contour (or inner contour) is equidistant from the part outer contour (or inner contour), referred to as the equidistant contour of the part contour. The equidistant profile and the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel have intersection points or tangent points, and the intersection points or the tangent points continuously and sequentially appear along the revolution direction of the grinding wheel on the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel, and the intersection points or the tangent points continuously and sequentially appear along the revolution opposite direction on the profile of the part. The equidistant profile of the part outer contour is outside the part outer contour being ground, and the corresponding equidistant profile of the part inner contour is inside the part inner contour being ground.
Fig. 3a to 3h are each a schematic view of the positions of the grinding wheel 2 when grinding the outer contour of the part 1, the grinding process not including the allowance grinding, only the finishing grinding of the final part (convex curve non-circular) contour being considered. As can be seen from fig. 3a to 3h, the equidistant profile of the outer contour of the part is always tangential or intersects the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel during grinding, and the points of tangency or points of intersection occur in sequence, correspondingly the grinding wheel 2 is always tangential to the outer contour of the part 1.
Fig. 4 shows a part having an elliptical inner contour, the major axis of the inner contour of which has a length of 100mm, the maximum diameter of 50mm, the minor axis of the mounting reference line, the minor axis of 60mm, the minimum diameter of 30mm, the radius of curvature at the intersection of the mounting reference line and the inner contour of 50 x 50/30=83 mm, the minimum radius of curvature of the elliptical contour of 30 x 30/50=18 mm, the grinding wheel radius of 8mm, which is smaller than the minimum radius of curvature of the elliptical contour, and the elliptical inner contour can be ground. The radius R of the revolution circumference of the part and the grinding wheel needs to satisfy: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 Namely, R is not less than 50 and (R+30) is not less than 83, and the radius R of the revolution circumference of the part and the grinding wheel can be set to 60mm. The grinding allowance delta of the part is 5mm.
The part 1 and the grinding wheel 2 are respectively installed, and at the grinding starting position shown in fig. 4, the part is positioned at the first revolution circle center O 1 Rays between the mounting datum point A of the part and the centre of the second revolution O 2 The radial directions of the two parts reaching the rotation center of the grinding wheel 2 are the same and are positioned on the same straight line, the grinding wheel 2 grinds the grinding allowance of the far point of the inner contour of the part 1, and the first revolution circle center O 1 And a second revolution circleHeart O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 Set as O 1 O 2 ＝L 1 -R s Delta = 30-8-5 = 17mm. After the parts and the grinding wheel are installed, the revolution is started, and the grinding is carried out. Fig. 5a to 5h are each a schematic view of the positions of the grinding wheel 2 when grinding the outer contour of the part 1, the grinding process not including the allowance grinding, only the finishing grinding of the final part (convex curve non-circular) contour being considered. It can be seen from fig. 5a to 5h that the equidistant profile of the inner profile of the part is always tangential or intersects the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel during grinding and that the points of tangency or points of intersection occur in succession, correspondingly the grinding wheel 2 is always tangential to the inner profile of the part 1.
According to the grinding method, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center can be changed in the grinding process, along with the same-direction revolution of the part and the grinding wheel, the curve section adjacent to the grinding wheel on the part contour moves towards the direction of the point to be ground relative to the second revolution circle center, one part of the ground curve section leaves the grinding area of the grinding wheel, the other part of the ground curve section enters the grinding area of the grinding wheel, and the point to be ground is positioned at the tangent point of the part contour and the edge of the grinding area of the grinding wheel or on the curve section in the grinding area of the grinding wheel. For grinding of the outer contour, the section of the curve to be ground, which is adjacent to the grinding wheel, is far away from the second revolution center along with revolution in the process of grinding the phase of the outer contour from the phase of the far point to the phase of the near point, and is close to the second revolution center along with revolution in the process of grinding the phase of the near point to the phase of the far point. For grinding of the inner contour, the section of the curve to be ground, which is adjacent to the grinding wheel, is far away from the second revolution center along with revolution in the process of grinding the phase of the inner contour from the phase of the far point to the phase of the near point, and is close to the second revolution center along with revolution in the process of grinding the phase of the near point to the phase of the far point.
As can be seen from fig. 3a to 3h and fig. 5a to 5h, during grinding the profile of the part is tangential to the edge of the grinding wheel grinding area and the equidistant profile is tangential to the revolution circumference of the wheel; or a part of the profile of the part is provided with a part of curve section in the grinding area of the grinding wheel, and the equidistant profile section corresponding to the curve section is intersected with the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel. When the far point of the part contour is ground, the far point of the part contour is tangent to the edge of the grinding area of the grinding wheel, and the revolution phase of the part contour and the revolution phase of the grinding wheel are 0 degrees; when the near point of the part contour is ground, the near point of the part contour is tangent to the edge of the grinding area of the grinding wheel, and the revolution phase of the part contour and the revolution phase of the grinding wheel are 180 degrees. The normal direction of the far point and the normal direction of the near point of the part contour point to the coordinate poles, and the installation datum point of the part contour is positioned at the midpoint of the installation line, so that the smooth passing of 0-degree and 180-degree critical points of grinding is ensured together.
When grinding, at the grinding starting position (0 DEG phase), the grinding wheel and the part contour are tangent at the far point of the part contour, the equidistant contour is tangent with the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel, the normal direction of the far point of the grinding wheel is collinear with the revolution radius of the part contour, and the actual revolution radius of the far point of the part contour is more than or equal to the curvature radius of the point. For the case that the actual revolution radius of the far point of the profile of the part is equal to the curvature radius of the point, the adjacent point is positioned on the revolution circumference, the part revolves, and the grinding wheel does not revolve, so that the grinding of the point can be completed; for the case that the actual revolution radius of the far point of the profile of the part is larger than the curvature radius of the point, the adjacent curve segments of the far point are positioned in the actual revolution circumference of the far point, and the curve segments corresponding to the adjacent curve segments of the far point on the equidistant profile are also positioned in the revolution circumference of the corresponding point of the far point. With the revolution of the part, the far point of the part contour and the adjacent curve section of the far point are far away from the revolution circle center of the grinding wheel, the corresponding curve section on the equidistant contour is also far away, the corresponding point of the far point of the part contour on the equidistant contour is necessarily outside the revolution circle of the grinding wheel, because the corresponding curve section of the far point adjacent curve section on the equidistant contour is positioned in the revolution circle of the far point on the corresponding point of the equidistant contour, the adjacent curve section of the far point is turned to O at any point on the corresponding curve section of the equidistant contour 1 O 2 When the straight line is in a straight line, the curve section between the point on the equidistant contour and the corresponding point of the far point is required to intersect with the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel, the rotation center of the grinding wheel tracks the intersection point on the revolution circumference, and the rotation circumference of the grinding wheel grinds the corresponding point of the convex curve non-circular contour.
When the adjacent curve section to be ground enters the grinding area of the grinding wheel and the grinding contour is not a curve point, the ground point of the part contour and the adjacent curve section to be ground form an arc wedge with the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel, and the corresponding curve section on the equidistant contour has a unique intersection point with the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel; when the curve points of the contour are ground, the adjacent curve sections of the curve points on the contour of the part are tangent to the grinding area of the grinding wheel, or the grinding area of the grinding wheel is divided, and the corresponding curve sections on the equidistant contour have unique tangent points or intersection points with the revolution circumference of the grinding wheel; the corresponding point of the tangent point or the intersection point on the contour of the part is the ground point, and the corresponding point on the grinding wheel is the grinding point. Along with the equidirectional revolution of the part and the grinding wheel, the point to be ground on the part contour advances towards the revolution direction of the part and simultaneously moves towards the point to be ground relative to the second revolution circle center, the point to be ground is converted into the point to be ground, and the point to be ground of the part contour starts from a far point and moves on the part contour along the revolution opposite direction. According to the nature of the convex curve, the position of the grinding point on the grinding wheel is shifted toward the point to be ground on the contour of the part, and thus the grinding point of the grinding wheel is continuously moved on the outer circumference of the grinding wheel in the reverse direction of the revolution of the grinding wheel. For the inner contour, the far point of the grinding wheel grinds the far point of the inner contour of the part, and the near point of the grinding wheel grinds the near point of the inner contour of the part; for the outer contour, the near point of the grinding wheel grinds the far point of the outer contour of the part, and the far point of the grinding wheel grinds the near point of the contour of the part.
Along with the continuous equidirectional revolution of the part and the grinding wheel, the conversion from the point to be ground on the part contour to the point to be ground is continuously carried out, so as to adapt to the change of the polar diameter corresponding to the point to be ground on the convex part contour, the phase difference between the revolution of the part contour and the revolution of the grinding wheel is continuously changed, the grinding point on the grinding wheel correspondingly continuously moves on the outer circumference of the grinding wheel, and the grinding process is continuously carried out until the grinding work is completed.
Before grinding, the total number of grinding turns and the grinding allowance allocated to each turn are determined to form the motion trail of the ground point of the part profile. The motion track can be a profiling track equidistant with the contour of the part, O 2 Relative to O 1 Feeding straight line only when one circle of profiling track is completed, feeding is completedGrinding the next circle of profiling track; or a spiral track surrounding a convex curve non-circular outline, and the corresponding feeding amount of each circle of the spiral track is evenly distributed among the control points in each circle. The following grinding process parameters are all conventional technical means, and are not innovation points of the invention, and are not described herein.
The grinding process adopts computer digital control, the digital control can be realized by adopting the prior technical means, a plurality of discrete control points are selected on the part contour, the grinding process keeps the grinding wheel and the ground part contour to be tangent at the discrete control points all the time, the adjacent discrete points are approximately approximated by the grinding track, and the equal-diameter revolution circumference track grinding of the part contour and the grinding wheel is completed. The discrete control points of the profile of the part can be selected according to the equal angular intervals and the equal grinding arc length intervals, and the number of the discrete control points of the profile is determined by considering the grinding precision requirement. The constant-speed rate grinding can be performed in the grinding process, namely, the contour of the part and the revolution angular speed of the grinding wheel are controlled, so that the arc lengths ground in unit time are equal, and the grinding precision is further improved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of grinding a triangular-shaped contoured part having an equilateral triangle shape in its outer contour with rounded corners for each corner of the triangle. The middle point of any side of the triangle and the center of a round angle which is not adjacent to the side are adopted as straight lines, the straight lines and the triangle outline are intersected at two points, the normal directions of the two intersection points are coincident with the straight lines, as the triangle is provided with 3 sides, each side can obtain the straight lines meeting the requirements by adopting the same method, and the lengths of connecting lines between the 3 straight lines and the two intersection points of the triangle outline are equal, the connecting lines of any straight line and the two intersection points of the triangle outline can be used as the installation datum lines of the triangle parts, and the middle points of the connecting lines of the two intersection points are the installation datum points. Since the radius of curvature of the straight line is infinite, the intersection point of the installation reference line and the circular arc is selected as the far point of the part contour.
The triangle in FIG. 6 has a height of 42mm, i.e., the length of the installation reference line is 42mm, the maximum radius is 29.44mm, the radius of curvature at the far point is 5mm, the minimum radius of curvature is 5mm, and the grinding allowance is the sameIs 1mm. The radius of the grinding wheel is 4mm, and when the outer contour is ground, the radius of the grinding wheel is not limited by the minimum curvature radius of the contour, so that the outer contour can be ground. The radius of the revolution circumference of the part and the grinding wheel needs to satisfy: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 Namely, R is not less than 29.44 and (R+21) is not less than 5, and the revolution radius of the part and the grinding wheel is set to be 36mm. In the grinding starting position, the grinding wheel 2 grinds the grinding allowance of the far point of the outer contour of the part 1, and sets a first revolution circle center O 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 Is L 1 +R s +δ=21+4+1=26 mm. After the parts and the grinding wheel are installed, the revolution is started, and when the circle center O of the first revolution 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 ＝L 1 +R s When=21+4=25, the surplus grinding is completed.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of grinding a triangular inner contour part, and determining the mounting reference line and the mounting reference point in the same manner. The triangle in fig. 7 has a height of 44mm, that is, the length of the installation reference line is 44mm, the maximum radius is 30.44mm, the radius of curvature at the far point is 6mm, the minimum radius of curvature is 6mm, and the grinding allowance is 1mm. The grinding wheel radius is 4mm, less than the minimum radius of curvature of the profile, which can be ground. The radius of the revolution circumference of the part and the grinding wheel needs to satisfy: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 Namely, R is not less than 30.44 and (R+22) is not less than 6, and the revolution radius of the part and the grinding wheel is set to be 36mm. In the grinding starting position, the grinding wheel 2 grinds the grinding allowance of the far point of the inner contour of the part 1, and sets the first revolution circle center O 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 Is L 1 -R s Delta = 22-4-1 = 17mm. After the parts and the grinding wheel are installed, the revolution is started, and when the circle center O of the first revolution 1 And the second revolution circle center O 2 Distance O between 1 O 2 ＝L 1 -R s When=22-4=18, the surplus grinding is completed.
The structure for grinding the convex curve non-circular outline part by adopting the method comprises a part mounting position and a grinding wheel, wherein the part mounting position and the grinding wheel can be arranged on a machine tool, a processing table and the like in a mounting frame (seat) or a mechanical arm or a shaft and the like, the part mounting position can be a clamp, a mounting shaft and the like, the part mounting position can revolve relative to a first revolution circle center, the grinding wheel can revolve relative to a second revolution circle center, and meanwhile, the grinding wheel can also revolve around the axis of the grinding wheel. The axis of the part placed on the part mounting position is parallel to the (turning) axis of the grinding wheel itself. The first revolution radius and the second revolution radius are equal. When the part and the grinding wheel rotate around the respective revolution circle centers, the grinding wheel always follows the part and keeps tangent with the contour of the part, so that the contour of the part is ground through self rotation. In the grinding process, the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center relatively move along the connecting line of the two revolution circle centers, and when the outer contour of a part is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is continuously reduced to realize grinding feeding; when the inner contour of the part is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is continuously increased, so that grinding feeding is realized.
Fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11 are schematic structural views of a machine tool for grinding a convex curve non-circular contour part by the method of the present invention, which is capable of grinding an inner contour and an outer contour of the part. As shown in fig. 8 to 11, the grinding machine tool includes a bed 10, a part mounting base 11, and a grinding wheel mounting base 12, the grinding wheel mounting base 12 being provided on a cross slide 13, the cross slide 13 including a transverse rail 13a and a longitudinal rail 13b perpendicular to each other, so that the grinding wheel mounting base 12 is movable in the transverse and longitudinal directions. The component mounting base 11 is provided with a component spindle 14 which is rotatable about its own axis O within the component mounting base 11 1 The rotary part is characterized in that a part mounting position is arranged on the end face of the part main shaft 14, the part mounting position is eccentrically arranged relative to the axis of the part main shaft 14, the eccentricity can be adjusted along the radial direction of the part main shaft 14 according to the shape of the part outline, the part 1 is mounted at the part mounting position, the axis of the part 1 is parallel to the axis of the part main shaft, and the eccentricity of the axis of the part 1 relative to the axis of the part main shaft is R. The part 1 is fixed in the part mounting position and is not movable, but is movable in a circular motion with the rotation of the part spindle 14.
The grinding wheel mounting base 12 is provided with a grinding wheel revolution main shaft 15, the grinding wheel revolution main shaft 15 can rotate around the axis of the grinding wheel mounting base 12, the grinding wheel revolution main shaft 15 is internally provided with a grinding wheel rotation shaft 16, the axis of the grinding wheel rotation shaft 16 is eccentrically arranged relative to the axis of the grinding wheel revolution main shaft 15, the eccentricity is also adjustable, the eccentricity from the axis of the grinding wheel rotation shaft 16 to the axis of the grinding wheel revolution main shaft 15 is R, and the eccentricity is consistent with the eccentricity of the axis of the part relative to the axis of the part main shaft. The grinding wheel rotation shaft 16 can rotate around the axis thereof in the grinding wheel revolution main shaft 15, the grinding wheel 2 is arranged on the grinding wheel rotation shaft 16, the axis of the grinding wheel rotation shaft 16 is parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel revolution main shaft 15, the axis of the grinding wheel 2 is coincident with the axis of the grinding wheel rotation shaft 16, the grinding wheel 2 can rotate under the drive of the grinding wheel rotation shaft 16 and simultaneously can revolve under the drive of the grinding wheel revolution main shaft 15, and the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 2 moves on the circumference with the radius R during the revolution of the grinding wheel 2. The axis of the grinding wheel revolution spindle 15 is equal to the axis of the part spindle 14 with respect to the rail plane, and is parallel to each other. The axis of the main shaft of the part, the axis of the revolution main shaft of the grinding wheel, the axis of the rotation shaft of the grinding wheel and the axis of the grinding wheel are respectively parallel to the guide rail direction of the longitudinal guide rail. During grinding, the part 1 revolves around the axis of the part spindle, and the grinding wheel 2 revolves around the axis of the grinding wheel revolution spindle along with the part 1 while rotating, so that the contour of the part is ground. The grinding wheel rotation shaft can adopt a conventional motorized spindle in the prior art, the grinding wheel 2 is arranged on the spindle of the motorized spindle, and the motorized spindle drives the grinding wheel to rotate and simultaneously revolve around the axis of the grinding wheel revolution spindle 15 under the drive of the grinding wheel revolution spindle 15. In addition, the part main shaft and the grinding wheel revolution main shaft can also be replaced by adopting a turntable structure, the turntable is driven by a driving unit such as a motor to rotate around the axis of the turntable (the axis of an output shaft of the motor), and the part mounting position and the grinding wheel rotation shaft are respectively and eccentrically mounted on the part turntable and the grinding wheel turntable, so that when the turntable rotates, the part mounting position and the grinding wheel rotation shaft also do circular motion by taking the center of the turntable as the circle center.
Fig. 12 and 13 are schematic views of a machine tool of another construction for grinding a convex curve non-circular profile part using the method of the present invention, which machine tool is capable of grinding the outer profile of the part. The grinding machine tool body 10 is provided with a part mounting base 11 and a grinding wheel mounting base 12, and the part mounting base 11 and the grinding wheel mounting base 12 of the grinding machine tool of this example are arranged side by side, that is, the axis of the part mounting base 11 is parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel mounting base 12. The grinding wheel mounting base 12 is provided on a cross slide table 13, and the cross slide table 13 includes a transverse guide rail 13b and a longitudinal guide rail 13a which are perpendicular to each other. The grinding wheel mounting base 12 is provided with a grinding wheel revolution spindle 15, and the component mounting base 11 is provided with a component spindle 14. The part 1 is arranged at a part mounting position on the part spindle 14, the grinding wheel 2 is arranged on a grinding wheel rotation spindle 16 on a grinding wheel revolution spindle 15, and the part mounting position and the grinding wheel rotation spindle 16 are eccentrically arranged relative to the part spindle 14 and the grinding wheel revolution spindle 15 respectively, so that when the part spindle 14 and the grinding wheel revolution spindle 15 rotate, the part 1 and the grinding wheel 2 can do circular motion along with the part spindle 14 and the grinding wheel revolution spindle 15. As shown in fig. 12 and 13, when the part 1 and the grinding wheel 2 respectively perform circular motion, the grinding wheel 2 can grind the outer contour of the part 1.
The constant-diameter revolution circumferential track grinding method eliminates frequent reverse impact of the linear shaft when the grinding wheel moves linearly in the traditional grinding method, converts the linear reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel into circumferential same-direction rotary motion, has no impact load when the grinding wheel moves linearly in the reverse direction, simultaneously maintains high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel, and effectively improves the machining precision and the machining efficiency.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical matters of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The grinding method of the convex curve non-circular contour part is used for grinding the outer contour of the part and is characterized in that:
setting a part to enable the part to revolve around the first revolution circle center;
Arranging a grinding wheel, so that the grinding wheel can revolve around the second revolution circle center and can revolve around the axis of the grinding wheel; the revolution radius of the grinding wheel is equal to the revolution radius of the part, and the revolution radius R meets the following conditions: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 Wherein r is max Is the maximum diameter of the profile of the part, L 1 Is half of the length of the line connecting the two intersection points of the mounting reference line of the part and the profile of the part, R 1 Radius of curvature which is the far point of the part profile;
setting the distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution center, wherein the distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution center is equal to L when the grinding starting position is set 1 +R s +delta, grinding margin of far point of grinding wheel grinding part contour, R s The radius of the grinding wheel is shown, and delta is the grinding allowance;
the part and the grinding wheel revolve around the respective revolution circle centers respectively, the grinding wheel always keeps tangent with the process planning track of the ground point of the part outline and revolves around the rotation axis, the part is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center in the grinding process is reduced along the connecting line direction of the two revolution circle centers, and when the grinding is completed, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is equal to L 1 +R s ；
When the ray from the first revolution center to the installation reference point of the part is the same as the direction of the perpendicular ray from the second revolution center to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel and is positioned on the same straight line, the position is the grinding starting position;
The installation datum line of the part is determined by the following method: determining at least one point in the contour of the part, wherein at least one straight line passing through the point exists, and the straight line and the normal of two intersection points of the straight line and the contour of the part coincide; when only one straight line meets the normal coincidence of the straight line and two intersection points of the straight line and the part contour, the straight line is the installation datum line of the part, when a plurality of straight lines meet the normal coincidence of the straight line and the two intersection points of the straight line and the part contour, the straight line with the shortest connecting line length between the straight lines and the two intersection points of the part contour is found out, the straight line with the shortest connecting line length between the intersection points is the installation datum line of the part, the midpoint of the connecting line between the installation datum line and the two intersection points of the part contour is the installation datum point of the part, the installation datum point of the part is positioned at the tail end of the revolution radius of the part during installation, and the installation datum line coincides with the revolution radius of the part; the motion track of the installation datum point is the revolution circle of the part, and the motion track of the rotation axis of the grinding wheel is the revolution circle of the grinding wheel.
2. The method of grinding a convex curve non-circular profile part according to claim 1, wherein: the far point of the part contour is the intersection point with smaller curvature radius in two intersection points of the installation datum line and the part contour, and the intersection point with larger curvature radius is the near point of the part contour; when the curvature radiuses of the two intersection points are equal, the intersection point which is far from the center of the first revolution after the part is installed is taken as a far point, and the intersection point which is close to the center of the first revolution is taken as a near point.
3. The grinding method of the convex curve non-circular contour part is used for grinding the inner contour of the part and is characterized in that:
setting a part to enable the part to revolve around the first revolution circle center;
arranging a grinding wheel, so that the grinding wheel can revolve around the second revolution circle center and can revolve around the rotation axis at the same time; the revolution radius of the grinding wheel is equal to the revolution radius of the part, and the revolution radius R meets the following conditions: r is greater than or equal to R max And (R+L) 1 )≥R 1 Wherein r is max Is the maximum diameter of the profile of the part, L 1 Is half of the length of the line connecting the two intersection points of the mounting reference line of the part and the profile of the part, R 1 Radius of curvature which is the far point of the part profile; the radius of the grinding wheel is smaller than or equal to the minimum curvature radius of the profile of the part;
setting a distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution center, and when the grinding starting position is reached, setting the distance between the first revolution center and the second revolution centerThe distance between them is equal to L 1 -R s Delta, grinding margin of far point of grinding wheel grinding part profile, R s The radius of the grinding wheel is shown, and delta is the grinding allowance;
the part and the grinding wheel revolve around the respective revolution circle centers respectively, the grinding wheel always keeps tangent with the process planning track of the ground point of the outline of the part and revolves around the rotation axis, the part is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center increases along the connecting line direction of the two revolution circle centers in the grinding process, and when the grinding is completed, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is equal to L 1 -R s ；
When the ray from the first revolution center to the installation reference point of the part is the same as the direction of the perpendicular ray from the second revolution center to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel and is positioned on the same straight line, the position is the grinding starting position;
the installation datum line of the part is determined by the following method: determining at least one point in the contour of the part, wherein at least one straight line passing through the point exists, and the straight line and the normal of two intersection points of the straight line and the contour of the part coincide; when only one straight line meets the normal coincidence of the straight line and two intersection points of the straight line and the part contour, the straight line is the installation datum line of the part, when a plurality of straight lines meet the normal coincidence of the straight line and the two intersection points of the straight line and the part contour, the straight line with the shortest connecting line length between the straight lines and the two intersection points of the part contour is found out, the straight line with the shortest connecting line length between the intersection points is the installation datum line of the part, the midpoint of the connecting line between the installation datum line and the two intersection points of the part contour is the installation datum point of the part, the installation datum point of the part is positioned at the tail end of the revolution radius of the part during installation, and the installation datum line coincides with the revolution radius of the part; the motion track of the installation datum point is the revolution circle of the part, and the motion track of the rotation axis of the grinding wheel is the revolution circle of the grinding wheel.
4. A method of grinding a convex curved non-circular profile part as in claim 3, wherein: the far point of the part contour is the intersection point with smaller curvature radius in two intersection points of the installation datum line and the part contour, and the intersection point with larger curvature radius is the near point of the part contour; when the curvature radiuses of the two intersection points are equal, the intersection point which is far from the center of the first revolution after the part is installed is taken as a far point, and the intersection point which is close to the center of the first revolution is taken as a near point.
5. The grinding structure of the convex curve non-circular profile part is characterized by comprising the following components:
the part installation position can revolve around the first revolution circle center;
the grinding wheel can revolve around the second revolution circle center and can revolve around the axis of the grinding wheel, the revolution radius of the part installation position is equal to the revolution radius of the grinding wheel, the axis of the part arranged on the part installation position is parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, and when the part and the grinding wheel revolve for grinding, the grinding wheel is always tangent to the process planning track of the ground point of the profile of the part;
the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center can relatively move along the connecting line of the two revolution circle centers;
when the outer contour of the part is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is equal to O 1 O 2 =L 1 +R s Reduction of +delta to O 1 O 2 =L 1 +R s ；
When the inner contour of the part is ground, the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center is equal to O 1 O 2 =L 1 -R s Delta is increased to L 1 -R s ；
Wherein O is 1 O 2 L is the distance between the first revolution circle center and the second revolution circle center 1 Is half of the length of the line connecting the two intersection points of the mounting reference line of the part and the profile of the part, R s The radius delta of the grinding wheel is the grinding allowance, and when the inner contour is ground, the radius of the grinding wheel is smaller than or equal to the minimum curvature radius of the part contour.
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CN108396318A (en) * 2018-02-26 2018-08-14 湖南大学 A kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method
CN108466140A (en) * 2018-03-19 2018-08-31 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 Aviation thin-wall bearing noncircular raceway processing method
CN108747602A (en) * 2018-06-12 2018-11-06 中国石油大学(华东) Utilize the method for circular arc array wheel grinding high order curve section cylinder array structure
CN108747609A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-06 天津大学 A kind of accurate grinding processing method of aspherical array structure
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