CN108396318A - A kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method - Google Patents

A kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108396318A
CN108396318A CN201810161691.1A CN201810161691A CN108396318A CN 108396318 A CN108396318 A CN 108396318A CN 201810161691 A CN201810161691 A CN 201810161691A CN 108396318 A CN108396318 A CN 108396318A
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China
Prior art keywords
grinding
cladding
situ
layer
situ reaction
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Pending
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CN201810161691.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
余剑武
张亚飞
罗红
仝瑞庆
陆岳托
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Hunan University
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Hunan University
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Priority to CN201810161691.1A priority Critical patent/CN108396318A/en
Publication of CN108396318A publication Critical patent/CN108396318A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/46—Radiation means with translatory movement
    • B22F12/48—Radiation means with translatory movement in height, e.g. perpendicular to the deposition plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention belongs to increase and decrease material composite manufacturing field, and in particular to a kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method.This method is the three-D profile geological information according to part to be processed, generate the scan path of precinct laser cladding, laser melting coating head implements laser melting coating along scan path to powdering layer, cladding is after one or more layers, cladding layer needs to apply the position of grinding in situ for control system identification, plans and generates the path of grinding, grinding in situ is carried out to cladding layer, it is processed with the In-situ reaction being ground in situ by precinct laser cladding, final forming three-dimensional entity component.This method has merged precinct laser cladding and two kinds of method of manufacturing technology of accurate grinding, have complementary advantages, it is manufactured by In-situ reaction, it can overcome the problems, such as that simple laser melting coating increasing material manufacturing metal parts formed precision is low, surface roughness is poor, grinding can also be overcome to the restriction of parts complexity etc., be expected to realize the high-efficiency and precision increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of all kinds of complicated metal parts.

Description

A kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to increase and decrease material composite manufacturing field, and in particular to a kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction system Make method.
Background technology
(1) precinct laser melting and coating technique (SLM) belongs to increasing material manufacturing, with traditional material removal and forced deformation processing side Formula is compared, and arbitrarily complicated structure, almost fine and close metal parts can be manufactured, and is suitable for manufacture band inner flow passage, interior cavity, more The part of the complicated distortion curved surface and special-shaped near closed hollow ring such as hole, thin-wall part, there is good application prospect.Since part is through laser Laminar smelting and coating is successively formed by stacking, so that there are surface roughnesses is excessive for the metal parts of laser melting coating manufacture, forming accuracy compared with Low, inner cavity, irregularly-shaped hole, complex-curved easy formation processing dead angle and the blind area of part can not carry out following process or processing, no But the forming accuracy and performance of metal parts are influenced, and limits the further genralrlization of precinct laser cladding manufacturing method Using.
(2) in order to make full use of laser gain material to manufacture the advantages of, avoids its disadvantage, by laser gain material manufacturing technology and subtracts material The increase and decrease material composite manufacturing that manufacturing technology is combined has attracted people's attention.Grinding is important as modern mechanical manufacturing industry Precise machining process method, have many advantages, such as that high precision machining, production efficiency are high, flexible, be that machining high-precision part must Indispensable terminal process.Compared with other machining modes, grinding can obtain higher machining accuracy and very little Surface roughness value.
(3) present invention is using a kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method, for being based on Layered manufacturing Increasing material manufacturing method for, regrinding in situ can be carried out on the basis of its layering forming and cut the interior appearance for shaping layer Face can not only improve the precision and surface roughness of formation of parts, and is combined together with precinct laser cladding method, can It is in situ to manufacture complex-shaped metal parts.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of precinct laser claddings and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method, are swashed using constituency Light cladding increasing material manufacturing method, realizes the layering increasing material manufacturing of part, then subtracts material processing method using grinding, realize cladding at The grinding in situ of shape layer surfaces externally and internally can not only manufacture very complicated to realize the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing in situ of part Metal parts, and can guarantee the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of formation of parts, existing laser melting and coating technique can be overcome to manufacture The quality of metal parts is insufficient.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of precinct laser claddings and grinding In-situ reaction system Method is made, is included the following steps：
(1) the CAD geometrical models of entity component are established, control system plans the scan path of precinct laser cladding.
(2) in one layer of substrate upper berth powder.
(3) control system control laser melting coating head along scan path to powder implement laser melting coating, one layer of formation of parts.
(4) control system identification needs the cladding layer of grinding, the CAD geometrical models of binding entity part, planning The grinding original position machining path of cladding layer surfaces externally and internally.
(5) control system control forming grinding wheel carries out the surfaces externally and internally of cladding layer of part along grinding machining path in situ Grinding in situ, cladding layer surfaces externally and internally surplus, the surfaces externally and internally roughness of the reduction part cladding layer improve its size for removal Precision and contour accuracy.
(6) lifting platform reduces certain altitude, and one layer of powder is newly spread on cladding layer.
(7) step (3), (4), (5), (6) are repeated until obtaining the final three-dimensional consistent with the CAD geometrical models of part Entity component.
A kind of precinct laser cladding provided by the present invention with grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method, have following innovative point and Main feature：
1. it is integrated with laser melting coating increasing material manufacturing in same equipment and grinding subtracts material and manufactures two kinds of processing methods, In-situ reaction manufacture is carried out to part.
2. this method can successively carry out the part of laser melting coating increasing material forming, grinding is in situ to subtract material manufacture, overcomes list One laser gain material manufacturing process can guarantee the size of formation of parts in the deficiency of parts size precision and surface roughness etc. Precision and surface roughness.
3. this method overcomes restriction of the grinding to part complexity etc., mainly for the manufacture of more complex Part can carry out grinding in situ to the processing dead angle of laser cladding forming part and blind area, solve subsequent processing operations and add Problem work difficulty or can not processed.
4. this method only need to simply be transformed existing laser cladding apparatus, increases a set of grinding system and can be realized, Increased cost is relatively low, improves processing efficiency, and more wide application sky is brought for the application of laser gain material manufacturing technology Between.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the part schematic diagram of part model and laser melting coating
In figure：The CAD geometrical models of 11 parts；The part of 12 laser melting coatings.
Fig. 2 is precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method schematic diagram
In figure：1 laser melting coating head；2 laser melting coating head Z-direction motions；3 grinding machine head Z-direction motions；4 revolution B axles；5 Grinding wheel spindle；6 forming grinding wheels；7 substrates；8 lifting platforms；9 revolution C axis；10 parts to be formed.
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1：
1. by taking the part shown in FIG. 1 in Figure of description as an example, the CAD geometrical models 11 of part are processing to be manufactured Part；The part 12 of laser melting coating is to use precinct laser according to the CAD geometrical models 11 of part using increment Overlapping principle at present The part of cladding manufacture.The thickness of laser cladding layer be influence final part dimensional accuracy and the main reason for surface roughness it One, it cannot directly be used using the part of laser melting coating manufacture at present, be required for carrying out following process.
2. Fig. 3 in Figure of description is combined to carry out precinct laser cladding and the flow of grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method It is described in detail：
(1) according to the CAD geometrical models 11 of part, control system plans the scan path of precinct laser cladding；
(2) in one layer of 7 upper berth of substrate powder.
(3) laser melting coating head Z-direction motion 2 moves down, and control system controls laser melting coating head 1 along scan path to powder Implement laser melting coating, the first layer cladding layer 13 of forming part, then 2 return of laser melting coating head Z-direction motion；
(4) control system identification needs cladding layer 13 of grinding, the CAD geometrical models 11 of binding entity part, Plan the grinding path in situ of 13 surfaces externally and internally of cladding layer；
(5) grinding machine head Z-direction motion 3 moves down, and control system control revolution B axle 4, grinding wheel spindle 5 and revolution C axis 9 make Forming grinding wheel 6 carries out grinding in situ along grinding path in situ to 13 surfaces externally and internally of cladding layer of part, removes cladding 13 surfaces externally and internally surplus of layer reduce the surfaces externally and internally roughness of the part cladding layer, improve its dimensional accuracy and contour accuracy, so 3 return of grinding machine head Z-direction motion afterwards；
(6) lifting platform 8 reduces certain altitude, and one layer of powder is newly spread on cladding layer 13；
(7) precinct laser cladding and the grinding In-situ reaction manufacture of part first layer are completed in above-mentioned steps (2)~(5)；
(8) repeat step (3)~(6) can be respectively completed the second layer of part, third layer ..., until last layer Precinct laser cladding with grinding In-situ reaction manufacture；
3. removing part from substrate 7, the Three-dimensional Entity Components consistent with the CAD geometrical models 11 of part are just obtained, Parts size precision and surface roughness are met the requirements, and need not carry out following process.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment part same as Example 1 is not repeated, can basis when different piece is the grinding of progress original position The geometry complexity of part and the thickness of cladding layer after carrying out multilayer cladding, then carry out primary grinding in situ, are not required to melt One layer is covered, one layer of grinding in situ.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment part same as Example 1 is not repeated, and different piece is the laser melting coating for different shape part When with grinding In-situ reaction manufacture, using forming grinding wheel of different shapes.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement can also be made, these improvement also should be regarded as this hair Bright protection domain.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method, it is characterised in that：According to entity component to be manufactured CAD geometrical models 11 plan the scan path of precinct laser cladding, by being installed on laser melting coating head Z-direction motion 2 Laser melting coating head 1 to along scan path on substrate 7 the end of powdering implement laser melting coating, the first layer of formation of parts, then The CAD geometrical models 11 of binding entity part plan the grinding original position machining path of 13 surfaces externally and internally of cladding layer, pass through installation In 9 linkage of revolution B axle 4 and grinding wheel spindle 5 and revolution C axis on grinding machine head Z-direction motion 3, make forming grinding wheel 6 along mill in situ It cuts machining path and grinding in situ is carried out to 13 surfaces externally and internally of cladding layer of part, remove 13 surfaces externally and internally surplus of cladding layer, Complete laser melting coating and the grinding In-situ reaction manufacture of first layer；Then lifting platform 8 reduces certain altitude, on cladding layer 13 Newly one layer of powder of paving；It repeats the above steps, precinct laser cladding and the grinding In-situ reaction manufacture of entire part can be completed, to add The entity component that work comes out is consistent with CAD geometrical models 11, zero of dimensional accuracy and surface roughness than Direct Laser cladding Part 12 will be got well, and need not carry out following process.
2. a kind of precinct laser cladding according to claim 1 and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method, it is characterised in that：It can With according to the geometry complexity of part and the thickness of cladding layer, after multilayer cladding can be carried out to part by laser melting coating head 1, Primary grinding in situ is carried out by forming grinding wheel 6 again, is not required to one layer of cladding, one layer of grinding in situ.
3. a kind of precinct laser cladding according to claim 1 and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method, it is characterised in that：It is right When different shape part carries out laser melting coating with grinding In-situ reaction manufacture, the shape of forming grinding wheel 6 can be different.
4. a kind of precinct laser cladding according to claim 1 and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method, it is characterised in that：It is right When carrying out laser melting coating with grinding In-situ reaction manufacture with complex profile or constitutional detail, pass through grinding machine head Z-direction fitness machine Structure 3, revolution B axle 4 and revolution C axis 9 link, and make forming grinding wheel 6 that can process the complex profile or structure of part.
5. a kind of precinct laser cladding according to claim 1 and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method, it is characterised in that：It is logical The abrasive grain size of selection forming grinding wheel 6 is crossed, rotating speed of grinding wheel spindle 5 etc. ensures the surface roughness of final entity component, leads to Grinding add in-place work path is crossed to ensure the dimensional accuracy of final entity component.
CN201810161691.1A 2018-02-26 2018-02-26 A kind of precinct laser cladding and grinding In-situ reaction manufacturing method Pending CN108396318A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109434573A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-08 张二朋 The method for grinding and grinding structure of convex curve non-circular profile part
CN110014154A (en) * 2019-05-22 2019-07-16 宁波中物东方光电技术有限公司 Laser melting coating boring combined machine
CN110773738A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-11 南京理工大学 Laser scanning path regional planning method based on polygon geometric feature recognition
CN110919511A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-27 芜湖点金机电科技有限公司 Spare part outward appearance grinding device based on laser cladding technique
CN114749680A (en) * 2022-04-15 2022-07-15 武汉轻工大学 Additive manufacturing method, equipment, device, storage medium and metallurgical bonding part
CN110014154B (en) * 2019-05-22 2024-04-05 宁波中久东方光电技术有限公司 Laser cladding boring compound machine tool

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CN104959603A (en) * 2015-07-15 2015-10-07 广东奥基德信机电有限公司 System suitable for metal powder melting material increasing manufacturing
CN104999080A (en) * 2015-08-03 2015-10-28 北京理工大学 Composite material increase manufacturing method for precise fine complex structural component
CN107457403A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-12-12 武汉理工大学 A kind of system and method for the laser 3D printing hot-work die on potassium steel matrix
CN107598162A (en) * 2017-08-21 2018-01-19 陕西天元智能再制造股份有限公司 Increase material and subtract material with being ultrasonically treated the metal parts composite manufacturing System and method for combined

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN203470904U (en) * 2013-09-03 2014-03-12 华中科技大学 High surface precision 3D printer
CN104959603A (en) * 2015-07-15 2015-10-07 广东奥基德信机电有限公司 System suitable for metal powder melting material increasing manufacturing
CN104999080A (en) * 2015-08-03 2015-10-28 北京理工大学 Composite material increase manufacturing method for precise fine complex structural component
CN107457403A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-12-12 武汉理工大学 A kind of system and method for the laser 3D printing hot-work die on potassium steel matrix
CN107598162A (en) * 2017-08-21 2018-01-19 陕西天元智能再制造股份有限公司 Increase material and subtract material with being ultrasonically treated the metal parts composite manufacturing System and method for combined

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109434573A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-08 张二朋 The method for grinding and grinding structure of convex curve non-circular profile part
CN109434573B (en) * 2018-12-28 2024-01-02 张二朋 Grinding method and grinding structure for convex curve non-circular contour part
CN110014154A (en) * 2019-05-22 2019-07-16 宁波中物东方光电技术有限公司 Laser melting coating boring combined machine
CN110014154B (en) * 2019-05-22 2024-04-05 宁波中久东方光电技术有限公司 Laser cladding boring compound machine tool
CN110773738A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-11 南京理工大学 Laser scanning path regional planning method based on polygon geometric feature recognition
CN110773738B (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-11-03 南京理工大学 Laser scanning path regional planning method based on polygon geometric feature recognition
CN110919511A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-27 芜湖点金机电科技有限公司 Spare part outward appearance grinding device based on laser cladding technique
CN114749680A (en) * 2022-04-15 2022-07-15 武汉轻工大学 Additive manufacturing method, equipment, device, storage medium and metallurgical bonding part

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