CN109429656B - Minimally invasive leaf surface spraying method for unmanned plant protection machine - Google Patents
Minimally invasive leaf surface spraying method for unmanned plant protection machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109429656B CN109429656B CN201811454611.8A CN201811454611A CN109429656B CN 109429656 B CN109429656 B CN 109429656B CN 201811454611 A CN201811454611 A CN 201811454611A CN 109429656 B CN109429656 B CN 109429656B
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- fertilizer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/04—Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate; Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a minimally invasive foliage spraying method for an unmanned plant protection machine, which comprises the following steps: dissolving a leaf fertilizer by using an unmanned plant protection machine, adjusting the size of sprayed liquid drops to be 50-100 microns, spraying crops, and observing the leaf surfaces of the crops after two days; adjusting the concentration of the foliar fertilizer until the leaf surface of the crop has spots with the diameter less than 2mm and no spots with the diameter more than 4mm, wherein the concentration of the foliar fertilizer is the fertilizing concentration of the foliar fertilizer; and step two, carrying out a large-area crop fertilization test according to the fertilization concentration of the foliar fertilizer, and finely adjusting the fertilization concentration of the foliar fertilizer to obtain the standard fertilizer spraying amount. According to the invention, the concentration of the foliar fertilizer is increased, the absorption efficiency of the leaf surface fertilizer by the crop leaf surface is increased, and the damage to the leaf surface can be effectively controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural breeding, and particularly relates to a minimally invasive foliage spraying method of an unmanned plant protection machine.
Background
As plant protection technical equipment for spraying pesticides, the unmanned plant protection machine lacks research on application in the aspect of fertilization. Especially, the use of the unmanned plant protection machine for selenium increase and cadmium reduction is also important. For example, the rice can be prevented from being transported by spraying bivalent beneficial elements which competitively occupy transport proteins carried by cadmium, the cost is high if the goal is achieved by a fertilizing method, the method of spraying the leaves is low in cost, particularly the unmanned aerial vehicle is used, the efficiency is greatly improved, the cost is low, but the spraying is close to the leaves, and the absorbed amount is too small and does not work.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a minimally invasive foliage spraying method of an unmanned plant protection machine. According to the invention, the concentration of the foliar fertilizer is increased, the absorption efficiency of the foliar fertilizer by the leaf surfaces of crops is increased, and the damage to the leaf surfaces can be effectively controlled.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a minimally invasive foliage spraying method for an unmanned plant protection machine comprises the following steps:
dissolving a leaf fertilizer by using an unmanned plant protection machine, adjusting the size of sprayed liquid drops to be 50-100 microns, spraying crops, and observing the leaf surfaces of the crops after two days; adjusting the concentration of the foliar fertilizer until the leaf surface of the crop has spots with the diameter less than 2mm and no spots with the diameter more than 4mm, wherein the concentration of the foliar fertilizer is the fertilizing concentration of the foliar fertilizer;
and step two, carrying out a large-area crop fertilization test according to the fertilization concentration of the foliar fertilizer, and finely adjusting the fertilization concentration of the foliar fertilizer to obtain the standard fertilizer spraying amount.
The further improvement is that the standard fertilizer spraying amount is the foliar fertilizer application amount that more than 80 percent of the plants on the leaf surface of the crops have spots with the diameter less than 2mm and no spots with the diameter more than 4mm when the standard fertilizer spraying amount is used for the fertilization test of the large-area crops.
Further improved, the foliar fertilizer is selenium-enriched fertilizer, cadmium-reduced selenium-enriched fertilizer, seed-strengthening fertilizer or seedling fertilizer.
In a further improvement, the foliar fertilizer is a selenium-enriched fertilizer, and the selenium-enriched fertilizer comprises sodium selenite, monopotassium phosphate, amino acid, urea and potassium metasilicate or sodium silicate; the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the amino acid to the urea to the potassium metasilicate or the sodium silicate is 10: 100: 50: 200: 200.
the leaf fertilizer is a cadmium-reducing fertilizer which comprises manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, monocalcium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, chromium sulfate, sodium selenite, amino acid, urea and sodium silicate; manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, monocalcium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, chromium sulfate 2-valent chromium, sodium selenite, amino acid, urea and organic silicon in a mass ratio of 300: 200: 300: 200: 400: 50: 10: 50: 500: 100, respectively; adjusting the pH value of the sodium silicate to 4-6; it is used with formulation and can not be kept overnight.
Further improvement, the standard fertilizer spraying amount is further subjected to secondary concentration fine adjustment according to the test effect of selenium increase or cadmium reduction of crops, and the final fertilizer application result is obtained when the best selenium increase or cadmium reduction effect is achieved.
In a further improvement, the crop is rice.
In a further improvement, the spray droplet size is adjusted to 80 microns.
In a further improvement, the fertilizing concentration of the foliar fertilizer is respectively determined for the conditions of different growth periods, different nutrient supply states and the current growth and development states of plants.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following further illustrates the content of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1:
1. an unmanned plant protection machine of medicine-carrying capacity 10 kilograms dissolves the volume of using fertile of 100 mu's foliage fertilizer, the spraying is on 20 mu's area, adjust at 80 microns according to the liquid drop size and carry out the small area test (as an mu), observation effect after two days, it is suitable to have the visible little spot of naked eye to the leaf surface no present slice concentration burn and, if the visible spot of naked eye, then can improve concentration, or increase the liquid drop size of spraying, test again, if the slice burn spot appears in the blade, then adjust little volume of using fertile, the tertiary experiment is calibrated and is operated spraying concentration a little.
2. After the fertilizer consumption determined after the test is adjusted, fine adjustment similar to the test is carried out once during the area expansion test, and after the fine adjustment is carried out for multiple times, the standard fertilizer spraying amount is determined.
3. After one year of test, according to the test effect of selenium increase or cadmium reduction, the concentration fine adjustment of the second round is carried out in the implementation of the next year.
4. The selenium increasing fertilizer is aimed at, namely the foliar fertilizer is taken as the selenium increasing fertilizer, and the selenium increasing fertilizer comprises sodium selenite, monopotassium phosphate, amino acid, urea and potassium metasilicate or sodium silicate; the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the amino acid to the urea to the potassium metasilicate or the sodium silicate is 10: 100: 50: 200: 20, so as to counteract the negative effects caused by minimally invasive leaf injury by selenium fertilizer. The fertilizer is best to be matched with a seed strengthening fertilizer,
5. the cadmium reduction is taken as a target, namely the leaf fertilizer is taken as a cadmium reduction fertilizer, and the cadmium reduction fertilizer comprises manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, monocalcium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, chromium sulfate, sodium selenite, amino acid, urea and sodium silicate; manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, monocalcium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, chromium sulfate 2-valent chromium, sodium selenite, amino acid, urea and organic silicon in a mass ratio of 300: 200: 600: 200: 400: 50: 10: 50: 500: 100, respectively; adjusting the pH value of the sodium silicate to 4-6; it is used with formulation and can not be kept overnight.
6. The selenium fertilizer is sprayed on the rice in a minimally invasive way by using the selenium fertilizer with the concentration five times that of the normal selenium fertilizer, so that the selenium fertilizer sprayed on the rice once reaches 4000 micrograms/kilogram of rice selenium, and the selenium fertilizer sprayed on the rice three times reaches 17000 micrograms/kilogram of rice selenium. Can produce super selenium-rich rice, reduce the cadmium content of the rice and increase the yield by about 5 to 15 percent.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, or direct or indirect applications in other related fields of technology, which are made by the present specification, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A minimally invasive foliage spraying method for an unmanned plant protection machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dissolving a leaf fertilizer by using an unmanned plant protection machine, adjusting the size of sprayed liquid drops to be 50-100 microns, spraying crops, and observing the leaf surfaces of the crops after two days; adjusting the concentration of the foliar fertilizer until the leaf surface of the crop has spots with the diameter less than 2mm and no spots with the diameter more than 4mm, wherein the concentration of the foliar fertilizer is the fertilizing concentration of the foliar fertilizer;
step two, performing a large-area crop fertilization test according to the fertilization concentration of the foliar fertilizer, and finely adjusting the fertilization concentration of the foliar fertilizer to obtain a standard fertilizer spraying amount; and when the standard fertilizer spraying amount is used in a large-area crop fertilization test, more than 80% of plants on the leaf surface of the crop have spots with the diameter less than 2mm, and the foliar fertilizer fertilizing amount of the spots with the diameter more than 4mm does not appear.
2. The minimally invasive foliar spraying method of an unmanned plant protection machine according to claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer is a selenium-enriched fertilizer, a cadmium-reducing selenium-enriched fertilizer, a seed-strengthening fertilizer or a seedling fertilizer.
3. The minimally invasive foliar spray method of an unmanned plant protection machine according to claim 2, wherein the standard fertilizer amount is further finely adjusted for the second concentration according to the assay effect of selenium increase or cadmium reduction of the crops, and the final fertilizer result is obtained when the best selenium increase or cadmium reduction effect is achieved.
4. The method for minimally invasive foliar spray application of an unmanned plant protection machine according to claim 1, wherein the crop is rice.
5. The method for minimally invasive foliar spray application of an unmanned plant protection machine according to claim 1, wherein the size of the spray droplet is adjusted to 80 μm.
6. The minimally invasive foliar spray method of an unmanned plant protection machine according to claim 1 wherein the concentration of the foliar fertilizer applied is determined for each of the different growth periods, different nutrient supply states and the current growth and development states of the plant.
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| CN201811454611.8A CN109429656B (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Minimally invasive leaf surface spraying method for unmanned plant protection machine |
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| CN201811454611.8A CN109429656B (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Minimally invasive leaf surface spraying method for unmanned plant protection machine |
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| CN109429656A CN109429656A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
| CN109429656B true CN109429656B (en) | 2021-08-27 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101263760A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2008-09-17 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Coastal saline soil cotton economic fertilizing method |
| CN102422808A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-04-25 | 张伟 | Method for improving walnut single plant and screening foliar fertilizer |
| CN106748304A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 颜送贵 | It is a kind of to be suitable to the selenium zinc foliar fertilizer of aircraft |
| CN107266214A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-20 | 冯敏杰 | The quick-acting desinsection nutrition fertilizer compound methods of the dilute ammonia selenium-rich Chinese prickly ash of selenium phosphorus potassium |
| CN108249976A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of method using selenium ore deposit production high-concentration water-soluble foliar fertilizer containing selenium |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105085005A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽合一生态农业有限公司 | Selenium-enriched foliar fertilizer and preparation method therefor |
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2018
- 2018-11-30 CN CN201811454611.8A patent/CN109429656B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101263760A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2008-09-17 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Coastal saline soil cotton economic fertilizing method |
| CN102422808A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-04-25 | 张伟 | Method for improving walnut single plant and screening foliar fertilizer |
| CN106748304A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 颜送贵 | It is a kind of to be suitable to the selenium zinc foliar fertilizer of aircraft |
| CN107266214A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-20 | 冯敏杰 | The quick-acting desinsection nutrition fertilizer compound methods of the dilute ammonia selenium-rich Chinese prickly ash of selenium phosphorus potassium |
| CN108249976A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of method using selenium ore deposit production high-concentration water-soluble foliar fertilizer containing selenium |
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| CN109429656A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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