CN109429653A - A kind of recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109429653A CN109429653A CN201811392648.2A CN201811392648A CN109429653A CN 109429653 A CN109429653 A CN 109429653A CN 201811392648 A CN201811392648 A CN 201811392648A CN 109429653 A CN109429653 A CN 109429653A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
Abstract
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention determines the nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage N in the cotton growth period according to the target output of cotton, soil nutrient statusT=NP*YM+(10‑M) *MC+CN, NTFor the nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage of cotton per acre, YMFor the target output of cotton, NPFor the nitrogen specific yield coefficient of cotton；M is soil organic matter content measured value, MCFor soil organism usage factor, CNTo correct parameter.The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, solve that previous fertilization recommendation method is cumbersome, is not easy the drawbacks of controlling, scientific algorithm formula is given for amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer in the cotton growth period, while guaranteeing output of cotton, in turn avoid fertilising waste and influence of the excessive fertilization to environment, beneficial effect is significant, is suitable for the application of popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer, more specifically, more particularly to a kind of synthesis examine
Consider the nitrogen specific yield coefficient of cotton, the organic matter of soil absorption or supplement, nitrogen and recommends ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer.
Background technique
Cotton is planted in China with large area, therefore the rational application of fertilizer method of research and extension cotton, can not only realize
The saving of fertilizer, and also ensure the yield of cotton, avoid the excessive adverse effect caused by environment of applying fertilizer.It is currently used
Nutrient balance method fertilization recommendation is related to the multiple parameters such as soil nutrient usage factor, chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, nutrients uptake amounts, calculates
Journey is cumbersome, and the superposition of each parameter error causes recommendation results deviation to increase, and often will appear dose is negative value or odd height
The case where.When Plentiful-lack index method fertilization recommendation, basic nutrient is more than or when slightly lower several mg/kg near graded index, recommends
As a result but there is the difference of great-jump-forward.Therefore, develop it is a kind of simple, calculate or convenient fertilising calculation method of tabling look-up, be conducive to
Peasant applies fertilizers scientifically.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to overcome the shortcomings of the above technical problems, provides a kind of recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer.
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention is determined according to the target output of cotton, soil nutrient status
Nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage N in the cotton growth periodT:
NT=NP*YM+(10-M)*MC+CN (1)
In formula (1), NTFor the nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage of cotton per acre, units/kg/mu, YMFor the target output of cotton, units/kg/
Mu, NPFor the nitrogen specific yield coefficient of cotton, size is equal to cotton specific yield nitrogen fertilizer absorption amount；M contains for the soil organism
Measure definite value, unit g/kg, MCFor soil organism usage factor, CNRecommend ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter for nitrogen.
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, the nitrogen specific yield coefficient N of the cottonPValue is
0.135, the usage factor M of the soil organismCValue is 0.25, and formula (1) is converted into formula (2):
NT=0.135*YM+(10-M)*0.25+CN (2)
Wherein nitrogen recommends ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter CNValue range is respectively 1~3.5.
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention is determined according to the target output of cotton, soil nutrient status
Phosphate fertilizer in the cotton growth period recommends dosage PT:
PT=PP*YM+(20-PS)*PC+CP (3)
In formula (3), PTRecommend dosage, units/kg/mu, Y for the phosphate fertilizer of cotton per acreMFor the target output of cotton, units/kg/
Mu, PPFor the phosphate unit output coefficient of cotton, size is equal to cotton specific yield phosphate fertilizer uptake；PSContain for soil available phosphorus
Measure definite value, unit mg/kg, PCFor soil available phosphorus usage factor, CPRecommend ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter for phosphorus.
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, the phosphate unit output coefficient P of the cottonPValue is
0.045, the usage factor P of soil available phosphorusCValue 0.15, formula (3) are converted into formula (4):
PT=0.045*YM+(20-PS)*0.15+CP (4)
Wherein phosphorus recommends ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter CPValue range be respectively 0.5~3.0.
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, contains according to the target output of cotton and soil effective K
Amount determines that the potash fertilizer in the cotton growth period recommends dosage K by table 1T:
Table 1
[indicating to contain endpoint value) therein indicates to be free of endpoint value；When the target output of cotton does not have corresponding value in table 1
When, then it is poor to determine potassium recommendation fertilizer amount K with interpolation methodT。
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer recommend dosage NT、PT、KTIt respectively refers to
Pure N, pure P2O5, pure amount K2O, corresponding fertilizer amount needs are calculated according to its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content.
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, the target output Y of the cottonMValue between nearest 3
Between 3 years maximum outputs and the 120% of nearest 3 three years maximum outputs.
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, the survey of the soil organism, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content
Determine method are as follows: 10-15 soil sample point is determined according to " S " the type method of layouting in target farmland, in the 20- of each sample point
40cm depth takes three parts of soil and retains, in the lab according to three parts of soil measure respectively each sample point organic matter,
Available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content obtain organic matter, available phosphorus, the quick-acting potassium content in target farmland after being averaging to all sample points.
The recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, nitrogen, phosphorus recommend ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter CN、 CP's
Value is respectively 2,1 for Northwest Shandong Plain area, is respectively 2.5,0 for the Hills And Low Mountains of east in Shandong Province, for middle areas in Shandong Province mountain
It is respectively 2.5,0.5 for ground hills area, is respectively 1.5,0.5 for the region of no relief of middle areas in Shandong Province the north, it is flat for middle areas in Shandong Province south
It is respectively 1.5,0.5 for former area, is respectively 2,1.5 for the salination area of east in Shandong Province north；The Northwest Shandong Plain established accordingly
Area's cotton recommended fertilizer retrieves table 2 are as follows:
Table 2
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer of the invention, is produced using the target of cotton
Amount obtains nitrogenous fertilizer expense in cotton growth process, according to organic in soil multiplied by the specific yield nitrogen fertilizer absorption amount of cotton
The amount of nitrogenous fertilizer that the measured value of object obtains soil absorption multiplied by organic matter usage factor or can supplement finally is counting nitrogen recommendation life in
State environment comprehensive corrects parameter, that is, obtains cotton and reach the required scientific and reasonable calculation formula for applying nitrogenous fertilizer when target output,
It is calculation formula science, simple, effectively, it solves that previous fertilization recommendation method is cumbersome, is not easy the drawbacks of controlling, is cotton growth week
Amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer gives scientific basis calculation formula in phase, while guaranteeing output of cotton, in turn avoid fertilising waste and
Influence of the excessive fertilization to environment, beneficial effect is significant, is suitable for the application of popularization.
Specific embodiment
According to the target output Y of cottonM, available phosphorus content measurement in soil with organic matter content measured value M and soil
Value PS, determine the nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage N in the cotton growth periodTAs shown in formula (1):
NT=NP*YM+(10-M)*MC+CN (1)
In formula (1), NTFor the nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage of cotton per acre, units/kg/mu, YMFor the target output of cotton, units/kg/
Mu, NPFor the nitrogen specific yield coefficient of cotton, size is equal to cotton specific yield nitrogen fertilizer absorption amount；M contains for the soil organism
Measure definite value, unit g/kg, MCFor soil organism usage factor, CNRecommend ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter for nitrogen.
In formula (1), it is made of on the right side of equal sign 3 parts, part 1 NP*YMFor the target output and specific yield nitrogen of cotton
The product of fertile uptake, meaning are amount of nitrogenous fertilizer absorbed in cotton growth process.Part 2 (10-M) * MCFor organic matter
With the product of soil organism usage factor, meaning is the nitrogenous fertilizer or the nitrogenous fertilizer that absorbs from soil of cotton of soil absorption, when
When soil with organic matter content M < 10, (10-M) * MC> 0 shows that the organic matter in soil is not enough to be supplied to cotton growth,
But also the external nitrogenous fertilizer applied is needed to supplement the organic matter in soil；As soil with organic matter content M > 10,
(10-M)*MC< 0 shows that the part organic matter in soil can be absorbed by cotton growth and utilizes.Part III CNRecommend to give birth to for nitrogen
State environment comprehensive corrects parameter, carries out value according to practical farm environment.
Determine that the phosphate fertilizer in the cotton growth period recommends dosage P according to the target output of cotton, soil nutrient statusT:
PT=PP*YM+(20-PS)*PC+CP (3)
In formula (3), PTRecommend dosage, units/kg/mu, P for the phosphate fertilizer of cotton per acrePFor the phosphate unit output coefficient of cotton,
Its size is equal to cotton specific yield phosphate fertilizer uptake；PSFor soil available phosphorus assay value, unit mg/kg, PCFor soil
Available phosphorus usage factor, CPRecommend ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter for phosphorus.
Similarly, it is also made of 3 parts on the right side of formula (3) equal sign, first part PP*YMIt is produced for target output and phosphate unit
The product of coefficient of discharge, meaning are phosphate fertilizer amount absorbed in cotton growth process；Second part (20-PS)*PCIt is effective for soil
The product of phosphorus and its usage factor is the phosphate fertilizer amount of soil absorption or the phosphate fertilizer in soil by the utilization of cotton, when in soil
Available phosphorus content PS< 20mg/kg, (20-PS)*PC> 0 demonstrates the need for additional phosphate fertilizer and mends to the available phosphorus in soil
It fills, works as PSWhen > 20mg/kg, then the part available phosphorus in soil can be absorbed by the growth of cotton.Part III CPFor phosphorus recommendation
Ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter carries out value according to the actual environment in farmland.
Based on a large amount of fertilising investigation, experiment and demonstration data and related documents and materials, establish dose and crop yield,
Soil nutrient content is mutually related fertilization recommendation empirical equation, nitrogen, phosphate unit output coefficient NP、PPValue be respectively
0.135,0.045, the usage factor M of the soil organism, available phosphorusC、PCRespectively 0.25,0.15, in this way, nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage
NTCalculation formula (1) and phosphate fertilizer recommend dosage PTCalculation formula (3) be just separately converted to formula (2), (4):
NT=0.135*YM+(10-M)*0.25+CN (2)
PT=0.045*YM+(20-PS)*0.15+CP (4)
Wherein nitrogen recommends ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter CNValue range is respectively 1~3.5, and phosphorus recommends ecological environment is comprehensive to rectify
Positive parameter CPValue range be respectively 0.5~3.0.
According to the target output of cotton and soil effective K content, the potash fertilizer in the cotton growth period is determined by table 1
Recommend dosage KT:
Table 1
[indicating to contain endpoint value) therein indicates to be free of endpoint value；When the target output of cotton does not have corresponding value in table 1
When, then it is poor to determine potassium recommendation fertilizer amount K with interpolation methodT。
Above-mentioned nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer recommend dosage NT、PT、KTRespectively refer to pure N, pure P2O5, pure amount K2O, corresponding fertilizer amount need
It to be calculated according to its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content.The target output Y of cottonMValue between nearest 3 three years maximum outputs with
Between the 120% of nearest 3 three years maximum outputs.
The measuring method of the soil organism, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content are as follows: layout method in target farmland according to " S " type
It determines 10-15 soil sample point, take three parts of soil in the 20-40cm depth of each sample point and retains, in the lab
The organic matter, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content for measuring each sample point respectively according to three parts of soil, after being averaging to all sample points
Obtain organic matter, available phosphorus, the quick-acting potassium content in target farmland.
In the investigation of largely being applied fertilizer such as Yantai, Heze, Liaocheng, experiment and demonstration data, obtain: nitrogen, phosphorus recommend ecology
Environment comprehensive corrects parameter CN、CPValue, for Northwest Shandong Plain area be respectively 2,1.5, for east in Shandong Province Bei Yanzihuaqu come
Say to be respectively 2.5,2.0；The Northwest Shandong Plain area cotton recommended fertilizer retrieval table 2 established accordingly are as follows:
Table 2
During practice, if the target output of Northwest Shandong Plain area cotton is 120kg/ mus, the soil organism
It for 10g/kg, then can be found by upper table 2, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer of the application is 18.2kg；If soil organism detected value is
9g/kg then can seek nitrogen fertilizer amount by formula (2) due to not having corresponding content of organic matter value in table 2, can also be in table 2
Amount of nitrogenous fertilizer required when organic matter is 8g/kg, 10g/kg is found out, amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is being obtained by interpolation method.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer, which is characterized in that according to the target output of cotton, soil nutrient status
Determine the nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage N in the cotton growth periodT:
NT=NP*YM+(10-M)*MC+CN (1)
In formula (1), NTFor the nitrogen fertilizer recommendation dosage of cotton per acre, units/kg/mu, YMFor the target output of cotton, units/kg/
Mu, NPFor the nitrogen specific yield coefficient of cotton, size is equal to cotton specific yield nitrogen fertilizer absorption amount；M contains for the soil organism
Measure definite value, unit g/kg, MCFor soil organism usage factor, CNRecommend ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter for nitrogen.
2. the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen unit of the cotton
Output coefficient NPValue is 0.135, the usage factor M of the soil organismCValue is 0.25, and formula (1) is converted into formula (2):
NT=0.135*YM+(10-M)*0.25+CN (2)
Wherein nitrogen recommends ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter CNValue range is respectively 1~3.5.
3. the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that produced according to the target of cotton
Amount, soil nutrient status determine that the phosphate fertilizer in the cotton growth period recommends dosage PT:
PT=PP*YM+(20-PS)*PC+CP (3)
In formula (3), PTRecommend dosage, units/kg/mu, Y for the phosphate fertilizer of cotton per acreMFor the target output of cotton, units/kg/
Mu, PPFor the phosphate unit output coefficient of cotton, size is equal to cotton specific yield phosphate fertilizer uptake；PSContain for soil available phosphorus
Measure definite value, unit mg/kg, PCFor soil available phosphorus usage factor, CPRecommend ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter for phosphorus.
4. the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the phosphate unit of the cotton
Output coefficient PPValue is 0.045, the usage factor P of soil available phosphorusCValue 0.15, formula (3) are converted into formula (4):
PT=0.045*YM+(20-PS)*0.15+CP (4)
Wherein phosphorus recommends ecological environment comprehensive correction parameter CPValue range be respectively 0.5~3.0.
5. the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that produced according to the target of cotton
Amount and soil effective K content determine that the potash fertilizer in the cotton growth period recommends dosage K by table 1T:
Table 1
[indicating to contain endpoint value) therein indicates to be free of endpoint value；When the target output of cotton does not have corresponding value in table 1
When, then it is poor to determine potassium recommendation fertilizer amount K with interpolation methodT。
6. the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer push away
Recommend dosage NT、PT、KTRespectively refer to pure N, pure P2O5, pure amount K2O, corresponding fertilizer amount need to be carried out according to its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content
It calculates.
7. the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the target of the cotton produces
Measure YMValue between nearest 3 three years maximum outputs and the 120% of nearest 3 three years maximum outputs.
8. the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the soil organism,
The measuring method of available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content are as follows: determine 10-15 soil sample according to " S " the type method of layouting in target farmland
Point takes three parts of soil in the 20-40cm depth of each sample point and retains, measured respectively according to three parts of soil in the lab
Organic matter, available phosphorus, the quick-acting potassium content of each sample point obtain the organic of target farmland after being averaging to all sample points
Matter, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content.
9. the recommendation method of administration of cotton nitrogen chemical fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: nitrogen, phosphorus recommend ecological ring
Border comprehensive correction parameter CN、CPValue, for Northwest Shandong Plain area be respectively 2,1.5, for the salination area of east in Shandong Province north
Respectively 2.5,2.0；The Northwest Shandong Plain area cotton recommended fertilizer retrieval table 2 established accordingly are as follows:
Table 2
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Application publication date: 20190308 |