CN109418001A

CN109418001A - A kind of Pholiota nameko culture method

Info

Publication number: CN109418001A
Application number: CN201710518429.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祁海杰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-06-29
Filing date: 2017-06-29
Publication date: 2019-03-05

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Pholiota nameko culture methods.Including culture material formula and preparation, sterilizing, inoculation pack, cultural hypha, more summer field management reason and flower bud fruiting.Sliding mushroom plants training culture material formula and proportion is as follows: 30-50 parts of corncob, miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip 30-50 parts soft, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of corn flour, 0.5-1.5 parts of gypsum, 0.5-1.5 parts of lime.Culturing raw material of the present invention is planted sliding mushroom and establishes good basis based on corncob and soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip for the smooth implementation of " wildwood protected project " and plains region；Plantation pallet is saved, cultivation cost 15% can be saved；Planting technique is simple and easy, improves labor efficiency；Sliding mushroom pocket type cultivation increases by 30% side compared with disc type cultivation, takes full advantage of edible mushroom edge fruiting effect, and yield can be improved 10% or more, and high-quality mushroom rate improves 40% or more.

Description

A kind of Pholiota nameko culture method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of planting technique of edible mushroom more particularly to a kind of cultural methods of sliding mushroom.

Background technique

Sliding mushroom (Pholiota nameko (T.Ito) S.Ito et Imai), alias Pholiota nameko (t.Ito) S. Ito et Imai.Be subordinate to Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, with Septobasidium sp subclass, mushroom mesh, Strophariaceae, Pholiota.

Sliding mushroom belongs to timber saprophytic bacteria, is grown on broad-leaved usage tree root trunk or rotten juggle in the fall.Mycelia viability It is extremely strong, matrix nutrition can be made full use of.Currently, the Main Cultivation raw material of the sliding mushroom of China's artificial cultivation is with hard miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip Main, with the further implementation of " wildwood protected project ", culturing raw material is reduced increasingly, therefore cultivates limited amount system, and Cultivation is limited by area, the sliding mushroom of more difficult plantation in plains region.In addition, the cultivation of traditional disk, needs pallet, both wasted Resource, and increase cultivation cost.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve problem above, the present invention provides a kind of yield height, reduces the Pholiota nameko culture method of cultivation cost.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of Pholiota nameko culture method includes the following steps:

1) preparation of compost: the raw material composition of compost is by weight ratio: 30-50 parts of corncob, soft miscellaneous broad-leaved 30-50 parts of sawdust, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of corn flour, 0.5-1.5 parts of gypsum, 0.5-1.5 parts of lime；Preparation method: first will Corncob impregnates 5-8 hours in water, then adds water and stirs with soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip, until water content is 57-67%, places 20-40 Minute, then wheat bran, corn flour, gypsum and lime under agitation is uniform, it closes with corncob and the mixture of soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip one It rises, stirs evenly, adding water to Compost moisture content is 62-65%；

The soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip refers to: the sawdust of poplar, willow or lime tree etc.；

2) it sterilizes: compost is sterilized；Sterilizing methods can use the conventional method of this field.The present invention is preferred: Xiang Zheng It is filled under drawer curtain in pot, after completing the piece of sack on drawer curtain, first sprinkles the compost of about 5 cm thicks, then very hot oven heats, and makes Water boiling in pot is come on steam, sees vapour spreading again, until compost is filled in steamer, seals pot with plastic foil and the piece of sack, after Continuous heating 2-3 hours, ceases fire；It takes the dish out of the pot while hot, is fitted into the woven bag sterilized and is cooled to 20 DEG C hereinafter, spare；Described disappears The woven bag that poison is crossed is: 1-3 hours woven bags are impregnated with 0.1-0.3% liquor potassic permanganate；

3) pack inoculation: sliding mushroom strains are uniformly mixed by the inoculum concentration of 20-30% with compost after sterilization and cooling, are filled Into bag, the bacterium bag installed is transported into bacteria-producing room；

4) bacterium bag: being pricked the logical eye of 2-4 diameter 1-2cm by cultural hypha, and temperature of germinal chamber controls between 8-15 DEG C, warp Normal open wind, bacterium bag cultivate 30-50 days under not light-exposed, after mycelia long purseful, transport to out in mushroom shed, put on fruiting shelf；

5) it gets over summer field management reason: going out in mushroom shed to give 400-1000LX and scatter light 20-40 days, form 0.3- to bacterium bag surface Illumination is reduced after the cured film of 0.5mm, is cooled down；

6) flower bud fruiting: when temperature on average drops to 15-25 DEG C in mushroom shed out, bag being removed, in compost surface knife Piece designated port, relative air humidity are controlled in 90%-95%.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compost of the invention is compared with conventional cultivation with corncob and soft miscellaneous leaf wood Based on bits, raw material is easy to get, and plants sliding mushroom for the smooth implementation of " wildwood protected project " and plains region and has established good basis； The pallet of potting is saved, cultivation cost 15% can be saved；Planting technique is simple and easy, improves labor efficiency；Sliding mushroom pocket type is planted Train increase compared with disc type cultivation 30% side, take full advantage of edible mushroom edge fruiting effect, yield can be improved 10% or more, high-quality Mushroom rate improves 40% or more.

Specific embodiment

A kind of Pholiota nameko culture method of embodiment 1

Steps are as follows:

1) cultivation season: early March to early April；

2) preparation of compost:

Compost raw material composition be by weight ratio: 40 parts of corncob, soft 40 parts of miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip, 15 parts of wheat bran, 3 parts of corn flour, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of lime；

Preparation method: first impregnating corncob 7 hours in water, then adds water and stirs with soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip, until water content It is 60%, places 30 minutes, then it is wheat bran, corn flour, gypsum and lime under agitation is uniform, with corncob and soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip Mixture is combined, and is stirred evenly, and adding water to Compost moisture content is 63%；

3) it sterilizes: being filled to lower 10 centimetres of drawer curtain, after completing the piece of sack on drawer curtain into steamer, first sprinkle about 5 centimetres Thick training

Nutriment, then very hot oven heats, and makes water boiling in pot, comes on steam, sees that vapour spreading again, each spreading will spread diligent add less Until filling pot, pot is sealed with plastic foil and the piece of sack, continues heating 2-3 hours, is ceased fire；It takes the dish out of the pot while hot, is packed into and uses in advance 0.2% liquor potassic permanganate impregnates in 2 hours woven bags, is cooled to 20 DEG C hereinafter, spare；

4) sliding mushroom three-class strain: being broken into the block of 0.5 centimetre of size by pack inoculation, by 25% inoculum concentration and the 3) step Middle sterilizing

Compost after cooling is uniformly mixed, and is attached in 20*50 centimetres of polybag, the bacterium bag installed is transported to bacterium germination Room；

5) cultural hypha: bacteria-producing room requires well-ventilated, and the logical eye of 2 diameter 1.5cm is pricked in bacterium bag, is in Chinese character pin-shaped pendulum It puts,

It is advisable with 4 layers, cultural hypha does not need light, and temperature of germinal chamber controls between 8-15 DEG C, and humid control is in 65- It between 70%, often to divulge information, in not light-exposed lower culture 30-40 days, after the long purseful of mycelia, transport to out in mushroom shed, put On fruiting shelf；

6) it gets over summer field management reason: going out in mushroom shed to give 400-1000LX and scatter light 25-35 days, form 0.3- to bacterium bag surface The cured film of 0.5mm

, illumination is reduced later, is cooled down, and temperature of shed is controlled at 30 DEG C or less；

7) flower bud fruiting: when temperature on average drops to 15-25 DEG C in mushroom shed out, polybag being removed, on compost surface It is drawn with blade

3 road junctions (are advisable) with drawing cured film thoroughly, and relative air humidity control is in 90%-95% in mushroom shed out, and illumination is with 400- 1000LX is advisable；

8) pick and process: when sliding mushroom mushroom body is grown into when 7-8 is divided into ripe or harvesting as needed.Keep mushroom body complete when harvesting It is whole,

Prevent from being crushed, and remove fructification foot sawdust, in time it is fresh-keeping, dry listing or processing foods packed in carton containers, salt soaking foodstuff pin It sells.

A kind of Pholiota nameko culture method of embodiment 2

Compost raw material composition be by weight ratio: 30 parts of corncob, soft 50 parts of miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip, 18 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of corn flour, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of lime.

Other steps are the same as embodiment 1.

A kind of Pholiota nameko culture method of embodiment 3

Compost raw material composition be by weight ratio: 50 parts of corncob, soft 30 parts of miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip, 13 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of corn flour, 0.5 part of gypsum, 1.5 parts of lime.

Other steps are the same as embodiment 1.

Claims

1. a kind of Pholiota nameko culture method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:

1) cultivation season: early March to early April；

2) preparation of compost: the raw material composition of compost is by weight ratio: 30 parts of corncob, soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip 50 Part, 18 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of corn flour, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of lime；Preparation method: first impregnating corncob 7 hours in water, then with Soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip adds water and stirs, until water content is 60%, places 30 minutes, then by wheat bran, corn flour, gypsum and lime under agitation Uniformly, the mixture with corncob and soft miscellaneous broad-leaved wood chip is combined, and is stirred evenly, and is added water to Compost moisture content and is 63%；

3) it sterilizes:

4) sliding mushroom three-class strain: being broken into the block of 0.5 centimetre of size by pack inoculation, by going out in 25% inoculum concentration and the 3) step Bacterium compost after cooling is uniformly mixed, and is attached in 20*50 centimetres of polybag, the bacterium bag installed is transported to bacteria-producing room；

5) cultural hypha: bacteria-producing room requires well-ventilated, and the logical eye of 2 diameter 1.5cm is pricked in bacterium bag, is put in Chinese character pin-shaped, Be advisable with 4 layers, cultural hypha does not need light, and temperature of germinal chamber controls between 8-15 DEG C, humid control 65-70% it Between, it often to divulge information, in not light-exposed lower culture 30-40 days, after the long purseful of mycelia, transport to out in mushroom shed, put fruiting shelf On；

6) it gets over summer field management reason: going out in mushroom shed to give 400-1000LX and scatter light 25-35 days, it is cured to form 0.3-0.5mm to bacterium bag surface Film reduces illumination later, and cooling, temperature of shed is controlled at 30 DEG C or less；

7) flower bud fruiting: when temperature on average drops to 15-25 DEG C in mushroom shed out, polybag being removed, in compost surface knife Piece draws 3 road junctions, is advisable with drawing cured film thoroughly, relative air humidity control is in 90%-95% in mushroom shed out, and illumination is with 400-1000LX It is advisable.