CN109405817B - Method for detecting verticality of circular stand column - Google Patents
Method for detecting verticality of circular stand column Download PDFInfo
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- CN109405817B CN109405817B CN201811564362.8A CN201811564362A CN109405817B CN 109405817 B CN109405817 B CN 109405817B CN 201811564362 A CN201811564362 A CN 201811564362A CN 109405817 B CN109405817 B CN 109405817B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/12—Instruments for setting out fixed angles, e.g. right angles
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting the verticality of a circular stand column, which is characterized in that three points of two interfaces are measured on the bridge stand column by using a total station, the coordinates of the circle centers of the interfaces are respectively calculated by the three points, and the left sides of the circle centers of the two sections are compared to obtain the maximum offset distance and the verticality of the circular stand column. The method has the advantages of simple principle, convenient and quick operation, accurate result, visual data, strong practicability and wide popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a method for detecting the verticality of a circular stand column.
Background
Perpendicularity detection is required after construction of bridge columns or in later bridge structure detection and monitoring, however, the process of determining deviation of the columns for the circular columns is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the accuracy of measurement results directly influenced by the determination of deviation directions is not accurate, the deviation distance is real and small and the problem of out-of-limit perpendicularity is easily covered due to the fact that the deviation directions cannot be accurately determined by a traditional measurement method; the stress state of the upright post is seriously influenced by the over-limit of the verticality, and the stress of the axis is changed into eccentric stress or even developed into large eccentric stress, so that the safety of the bridge is seriously damaged. The verticality and the deviation direction of the circular stand column can be quickly and accurately measured, and the efficiency of engineering quality control and bridge structure safety monitoring can be greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for manufacturing the variable cross-section steel formwork of the hyperboloid fish-bellied continuous box girder, which is convenient to construct and operate, high in working efficiency and low in construction cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for detecting the verticality of a circular upright, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) performing site reconnaissance, namely determining a proper erection distance and a proper direction of the total station according to the position of the upright column, avoiding the shielding of other structures and avoiding backlight measurement;
2) determining coordinates of an erection point and a rear viewpoint of the total station;
3) erecting a prism-free total station, and inputting coordinates of a rear viewpoint and a station point;
4) measurement: the prism-free total station is aligned to a section of the bottom end of the circular upright post, and coordinates A of three points are measured in a visible range (X)1,Y1,Z1)；B:(X2,Y2,Z2)；C:(X3,Y3,Z3) The Z coordinates of the three points ABC are the same, and then the coordinate D of the three point on the section at the top end of the circular column is measured (X)4,Y4,Z4)；E:(X5,Y5,Z5)；F:(X6,Y6,Z6) The Z coordinates of the DEF three points are the same;
5) calculating circular coordinates: according to the center coordinates O of triangle circumscribed circles corresponding to ABC and DEF1、O2；
6) Comparing the circle center coordinates O1And O2And obtaining the deviation vector of the circular upright post.
Further, the coordinates of the erection point and the rear viewpoint of the total station are determined in the step 2) to adopt relative coordinates.
Further, the coordinates of the erection point and the rear viewpoint of the total station determined in the step 2) adopt absolute coordinates. The relative coordinate system has the advantage that the relative coordinate system can be set automatically when the absolute coordinate point cannot be obtained in the field. The absolute coordinate system and the relative coordinate system are convertible. Provided that the absolute and relative coordinates of the measured points are known.
Further, in the measuring process, three points measured on the same cross section are three points which are uniformly arranged. And uniform measurement means that trisection points are approximately taken in a visible range, and when the obtained triangles have the same measurement error, the error of the CAD drawing circumscribed circle is reduced.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the method adopts the prism-free total station, and the prism-free total station can climb to the top end of the upright column without manual work, so that the danger of high-altitude operation of personnel can be avoided, all data can be measured only by erecting a measuring station, and the time and the cost required by detection are saved.
2) According to the method, the center coordinates of the circular stand column are obtained through data measured by the total station, so that the offset vector of the stand column is obtained, and two parameters of the offset and the offset can be obtained through one-time measurement.
3) Compared with the traditional detection method, the deviation direction is found without measuring for many times, so that the deviation distance is measured, and the time is greatly saved.
4) The method can also test the verticality of the circular variable-section column.
5) The invention has simple structure, the measured data can be input into CAD or other computer aided software to directly simulate the deviation state of the upright post, and then finite element stress analysis is carried out to obtain subsequent data, which is beneficial to the information construction and quality control of the bridge and is suitable for wide popularization and use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the detection process of the verticality of the circular upright column.
In the figure: stand 1, total powerstation 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
1) and (3) performing site reconnaissance, namely determining the proper erection distance and the proper direction of the total station 2 according to the position of the upright post 1, avoiding the shielding of other structures and avoiding backlight measurement, wherein the proper erection distance generally means within 50 m.
2) Determining coordinates of an erection point and a rear viewpoint of the total station 2, and establishing the coordinates into two types; a. relative coordinates are used: and (3) self-establishing a relative coordinate system, setting the coordinates of the measuring station to be (0,0), measuring the coordinates of the measuring station by the total station, establishing the relative coordinate system, and determining the coordinates of the total station and the coordinates of the rear viewpoint. b. Absolute coordinates are used: and after the total station erection point and the rear viewpoint are determined, measuring coordinates of the total station erection point and the rear viewpoint according to the known nearby absolute coordinate points. Two coordinate system establishing methods are set, and the method can meet the requirements of different field measurements.
3) And erecting a prism-free total station 2, and inputting coordinates of a rear viewpoint and a station point.
4) Starting measurement, aligning a prism-free total station to a horizontal section at the bottom end of the circular upright column, and uniformly measuring coordinates A (X) of three points in a visible range1,Y1,Z1)；B:(X2,Y2,Z2)；C:(X3,Y3,Z3) And the Z coordinates of the three points ABC are required to be the same so as to ensure that the three points are on the same horizontal plane, and the total station can be adjusted to aim at the measuring point to obtain three points with the same Z coordinate. And uniform measurement means that trisection points are approximately taken in a visible range, and when the obtained triangles have the same measurement error, the error of the CAD drawing circumscribed circle is reduced. Similarly, the coordinate D of three points of the section at the top end of the circular upright post is measured (X)4,Y4,Z4)；E:(X5,Y5,Z5)；F:(X6,Y6,Z6) The Z coordinates of the three points DEF are the same. The two sections taken in the scheme can be end faces at two ends, or can be sections close to the end faces, or sections selected according to requirements.
5) According to the measured ABC three-point coordinates, a plane triangle is formed, and according to the geometric relation, the center coordinate O of the circumscribed circle corresponding to the triangle is calculated1I.e. the center of the bottom circular column, and similarly calculating the center coordinate O of the top section according to the three-point coordinates of DEF2。
6) Mixing O with1，O2And subtracting the Z value in the three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the difference value is the height of the two sections, and the vector generated by subtracting the X and Y coordinates is a deviation vector which comprises the offset distance and the deviation.
The invention has the advantages that:
the prism-free total station is adopted, so that people can climb to the top end of the stand column without manual work, the danger of high-altitude operation of the people can be avoided, all data can be measured only by erecting a measuring station, and the required time and cost for detection are saved.
And calculating to obtain the center coordinate of the circular stand column through the data measured by the total station, thereby calculating the offset vector of the stand column, and obtaining two parameters of the offset and the offset through one-time measurement.
Compared with the traditional detection method, the deviation direction is found without measuring for many times, so that the deviation distance is measured, and the time is greatly saved.
The method can also test the verticality of the circular variable-section column.
The method has simple and convenient measurement process, measured data can be input into CAD or other computer aided software to directly simulate the deviation state of the upright column, and then finite element stress analysis is carried out to obtain subsequent data, which is beneficial to the information construction and quality control of the bridge and is suitable for wide popularization and use.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for detecting the verticality of a circular upright is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) performing site reconnaissance, namely determining a proper erection distance and a proper direction of the total station according to the position of the upright column, avoiding the shielding of other structures and avoiding backlight measurement;
2) determining coordinates of an erection point and a rear viewpoint of the total station;
3) erecting a prism-free total station, and inputting coordinates of a rear viewpoint and a station point;
4) measurement: the prism-free total station is aligned to a section of the bottom end of the circular upright post, and coordinates A of three points are measured in a visible range (X)1,Y1,Z1)；B:(X2,Y2,Z2)；C:(X3,Y3,Z3) The Z coordinates of the three points ABC are the same, and then the coordinate D of the three point on the section at the top end of the circular column is measured (X)4,Y4,Z4)；E:(X5,Y5,Z5)；F:(X6,Y6,Z6) The Z coordinates of the DEF three points are the same;
5) calculating circular coordinates: according to the center coordinates O of triangle circumscribed circles corresponding to ABC and DEF1、O2；
6) Comparing the circle center coordinates O1And O2And obtaining the deviation vector of the circular upright post.
2. The method for detecting the verticality of the circular upright column according to claim 1, wherein: and 2) determining the coordinates of the erection point and the rear viewpoint of the total station by adopting relative coordinates.
3. The method for detecting the verticality of the circular upright column according to claim 1, wherein: and 2) determining the coordinates of the erection point and the rear viewpoint of the total station in the step 2) to adopt absolute coordinates.
4. The method for detecting the verticality of the circular upright column according to claim 1, wherein: in the measuring process, three points measured on the same section are three points which are uniformly arranged, and the uniform arrangement means that trisection points are roughly taken in a visible range.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109882081A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-14 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | A kind of succinct measurement method of verticality based on no prism total station |
| CN110631565A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-31 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for measuring inclination of wind power generation tower model |
| CN110631564A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-31 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for measuring inclination of cylinder with circular cross section |
| CN111174771A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-19 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Method for measuring verticality of stand column |
| CN111811463B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2022-07-01 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Method for accurately measuring span of stand column at bottom of block |
| CN113063405A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 云南航天工程物探检测股份有限公司 | Rapid and effective method and system for testing verticality of bridge circular pier |
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| CN103759664A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-30 | 中国核工业二三建设有限公司 | Method for measuring horizontal distance between two horizontal pipe openings in reactor |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103759664A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-30 | 中国核工业二三建设有限公司 | Method for measuring horizontal distance between two horizontal pipe openings in reactor |
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| 三维激光扫描仪在圆柱形构筑物垂直度检测中的应用;丁克良等;《工程勘察》;20181130;第2018卷(第11期);论文正文，附图5-11 * |
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