CN109404248B - 一种车载电动无油空气压缩机 - Google Patents
一种车载电动无油空气压缩机 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
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- F04B39/0094—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 crankshaft
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- F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
- F04B39/122—Cylinder block
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- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种车载电动无油空气压缩机,包括电机(1)、箱体(3)、活塞(21)和飞轮轴(30),电机(1)固定在箱体(3)上,箱体(3)的顶部布置有缸盖(10);电机(1)的主轴上安放有联轴器主动端(32),通过弹性体(31)带动飞轮轴(30)旋转,其特征在于:活塞(21)上布置有一级进气阀片(8),一级排气阀片(7);箱体(3)上设有二级腔(14),该腔体的一侧通气孔处布置有二级排气阀片(15);一级排气阀片(7)也为压缩机的二级进气阀片,从而提高排气压力,此活塞往复运动时,受力平衡振动小,并辅以高效的飞轮,使得空压机运行平稳。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及空气压缩机技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种车载电动无油空气压缩机。
背景技术
汽车空气压缩机主要用于向汽车制动技术、空气悬挂系统、车门开启关闭及辅助用气动装置提供必要气源。由于整车空间受限,常导致空气压缩机体积过大难于布置,故很多车辆采用体积较小的单缸机型,由于单缸活塞式空气压缩机先天性结构缺陷,受力难于平衡,运行振动大,寿命低,随着新国标的GB7258实施,对排气压力提出更高的要求,由于活塞往复工作时,分压缩和进气阶段,随着排气压力的升高,活塞压缩力加大,受力更加不平衡,运行振动进一步加剧。
例如授权公告号为CN 205330969 U的中国实用新型专利,其公开了一种车载直流直联式无油涡旋空气压缩机,包括静涡旋盘、动涡旋盘、压缩机曲轴和轴承座,直流同步永磁电动机包括电机本体和电机轴,压缩机曲轴安装于轴承座内,压缩机曲轴的输入端和电机轴的输出端通过花键咬合连接,压缩机曲轴的输出端与动涡旋盘固定连接,轴承座的一端与电机本体通过螺栓连接,轴承座的另一端与静涡旋盘通过螺栓连接;本实用新型提供的车载直流直联式无油涡旋空气压缩机中的无油涡旋空气压缩机和直流同步永磁电动机为两个相互独立的部分,电机轴和压缩机曲轴通过花键咬合连接,驱动力通过电机轴直接传递给压缩机曲轴,驱动效率高,且便于维护 ;由于静涡旋盘设有收容腔,使得整体积减小。但压缩机和电机相互独立,占地面积较大,整体受力不平衡。
又例如公布号为CN 107917059 A的中国发明专利,其公开了一种车用电驱动无油活塞式空气压缩机,包括电机、电机主轴、曲轴箱、飞轮轴和连杆,曲轴箱和活塞缸,曲轴箱的两侧水平对置有两个活塞缸,两活塞缸的外侧均装有排气阀板,所述电机通过螺栓固定在曲轴箱的尾部,其电机主轴直联驱动飞轮轴旋转,飞轮轴通过一承载支承轴承安放于曲轴箱内,从而实现电机前端轴承负荷小,电机使用寿命延长,而且具有噪音小、可靠性高的优点。但该发明中设置两个活塞缸,虽然排气压力增大了,活塞压缩力加大,但受力更加不平衡。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术存在的上述技术缺陷,本发明的目的在于提供一种车载电动无油空气压缩机,集成设计了一级和二级压缩功能为一体的双作用活塞,来提高排气压力,此活塞往复运动时,受力平衡振动小,并辅以高效的飞轮,使得空压机运行平稳。
为了实现上述设计目的,本发明采用的方案如下:
一种车载电动无油空气压缩机,包括电机、箱体、活塞和飞轮轴,电机固定在箱体上,箱体的顶部布置有缸盖;电机的主轴上安放有联轴器主动端,通过弹性体带动飞轮轴旋转,所述活塞上布置有一级进气阀片和一级排气阀片;箱体上设有二级腔,该腔体的一侧通气孔处布置有二级排气阀片;一级排气阀片也为压缩机的二级进气阀片。活塞往复运动一次时,一级压缩活塞力和二级压缩活塞力相互交替作用在同一活塞上,活塞受力平衡相互抵消,传动轴扭力输出均衡,整机运行平稳振动小。
本发明的一种车载电动无油空气压缩机的工作过程为:
由电机提供动力源,通过弹性体联轴器直联驱动飞轮轴旋转,安放于曲柄上的活塞连杆便做上下往复运动,其中活塞上布置有一级进气阀片,一级排气阀片(二级进气阀片),箱体上的二级腔的一侧通气孔处布置有二级排气阀片。当活塞从上止点向下止点运动时,一级腔内容积逐渐增大产生负压,气体被吸入一级腔内,以此同时二级腔容积逐渐减小,气体受挤压,气压升高直至推动二级排气阀片排出气体,此时在二级腔内完成气体的二次压缩;当活塞从下止点向上止点运动时,一级腔内容积逐渐减小,气体被压缩,压力升高推动一级进气阀片进入二级腔,以此同时,二级腔内容积逐渐增大,吸入经一级腔压缩后的气体;电机旋转一圈,活塞往复运动一次,气体被压缩两次,如气流方向指示图所示:气体从大气吸入,经空滤,曲轴箱,活塞通气孔,依次在一级腔完成一次压缩,在二级腔完成二次压缩排出,上述过程反复出现气体被源源不断被压缩排出;其中活塞往复运动一次时,一级压缩活塞力和二级压缩活塞力相互交替作用在同一活塞上,活塞受力平衡相互抵消,传动轴扭力输出均衡,整机运行平稳振动小。
优选的是,所述一级排气阀片的下侧为弹性垫圈,通过一通气螺栓固定于活塞上。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述弹性垫圈选用波形垫片、蝶形垫片或O型圈。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述通气螺栓选用内六角螺栓、内六角花型螺栓或内十字螺栓。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述一级进气阀片通过一内通气螺栓固定在阀板的上侧。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述飞轮轴通过一承载用免维护滚动轴承安放于箱体内,并布置有防松上挡圈和防松下挡圈。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述飞轮轴上设计有用于放置轴承的曲柄结构,该曲柄末端设有末端挡圈槽。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述飞轮轴的轴环侧飞轮上设有用于放置支承轴承的轴径和挡圈槽。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述飞轮轴的轴端面上设置有多个平衡去重孔,用于平衡活塞连杆离心惯性力和力矩;飞轮轴的轴尾端内部设有爪形从动端通过与弹性体及联轴器主动端配作完成扭矩传递,小排量空压机可通过电机轴直联驱动飞轮轴,也可采用皮带轮、电磁、液压,气动离合器通过发动机轴带动。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述飞轮轴的曲柄处安放有免维护滚动轴承及防松挡圈,免维护滚动轴承的外圈上布置有连杆,该连杆的小端内置滚动轴承,通过活塞销传动至活塞。
飞轮轴体积小巧,平衡去重,采用弹性传动缓冲减振,保证寿命,并集成飞轮功能,运行平稳可靠。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述活塞的侧面上布置有用于导向支承的导向环和起二级腔气体密封作用的第一活塞环和第二活塞环。采用自润滑材料活塞环、导向环及免维护的脂润滑轴承,实现无油压缩,使气源更加清洁。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述活塞的端面上布置有起一级腔密封及导向支承作用的皮碗,该皮碗上侧设有阀板,该阀板的下侧布置有一级排气阀片。小排量空压机也可采用无导向支承皮碗和阀板结构,一级进气阀片、一级排气阀片也可采用直接安装于活塞。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述活塞的端面上还布置有多个内通气螺栓安装孔;活塞的端面中心区域设置有阀片定程凸台结构,该凸台结构的环侧均匀布置有多个排气通道。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述活塞的侧面从上到下依次布置有第一活塞环、第二活塞环及导向环安装沟槽。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述活塞的底部设有活塞销安装孔,该安装孔的外侧布置有用于螺栓固定的螺纹口。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述箱体的前端还布置有进气盖,该进气盖内置空气滤清器,该滤清器的内侧为稳流单向阀。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述箱体的外侧面的电机上方设有冷却风扇或者在箱体的前侧曲轴直联驱动或磁力联轴器驱动外布置导流罩。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述二级排气阀片的外侧为排气定程板,并通过一排气接头固紧。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述二级排气阀片采用不锈钢金属材料或采用peek非金属材料。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述二级排气阀片为环形结构,所述环形结构的中心区域为气流冲击密封区,该密封区连接有环形力臂。
在上述任一方案中优选的是,所述二级排气阀片的外侧设置有螺栓安装通孔。
附图说明
图1为按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的一优选实施例的结构示意图。
图2为按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的图1所示优选实施例中活塞的结构示意图。
图3为按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的图2所示优选实施例中活塞的断面图。
图4为按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的图1所示优选实施例中飞轮轴的结构示意图。
图5为按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的图1所示优选实施例中飞轮轴的内部结构示意图。
图6为按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的图1所示优选实施例中排气阀片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下的说明本质上仅仅是示例性的而并不是为了限制本公开、应用或用途。下面结合说明书附图对本发明车载电动无油空气压缩机的具体实施方式作进一步的说明。
如图1所示,按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的一优选实施例的结构示意图。本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机,包括电机1、箱体3、活塞21和飞轮轴30,电机1固定在箱体3上,箱体3的顶部布置有缸盖10;电机1的主轴上安放有联轴器主动端32,通过弹性体31带动飞轮轴30旋转,所述活塞21上布置有一级进气阀片8和一级排气阀片7;箱体3上设有二级腔14,该腔体的一侧通气孔处布置有二级排气阀片1;一级排气阀片7也为压缩机的二级进气阀片。活塞往复运动一次时,一级压缩活塞力和二级压缩活塞力相互交替作用在同一活塞21上,活塞21受力平衡相互抵消,传动轴扭力输出均衡,整机运行平稳振动小。
本发明的一种车载电动无油空气压缩机的工作过程为:
由电机1提供动力源,通过弹性体联轴器31直联驱动飞轮轴30旋转,安放于曲柄上的活塞连杆便做上下往复运动,其中活塞21上布置有一级进气阀片8,一级排气阀片(二级进气阀片)7,箱体3上的二级腔14的一侧通气孔处布置有二级排气阀片15。当活塞从上止点向下止点运动时,一级腔9内容积逐渐增大产生负压,气体被吸入一级腔9内,以此同时二级腔14容积逐渐减小,气体受挤压,气压升高直至推动二级排气阀片15排出气体,此时在二级腔14内完成气体的二次压缩;当活塞21从下止点向上止点运动时,一级腔9内容积逐渐减小,气体被压缩,压力升高推动一级进气阀片7进入二级腔14,以此同时,二级腔14内容积逐渐增大,吸入经一级腔9压缩后的气体;电机1旋转一圈,活塞往复运动一次,气体被压缩两次,如气流方向23指示图所示:气体从大气吸入,经空滤,曲轴箱,活塞通气孔,依次在一级腔完成一次压缩,在二级腔完成二次压缩排出,上述过程反复出现气体被源源不断被压缩排出;其中活塞往复运动一次时,一级压缩活塞力和二级压缩活塞力相互交替作用在同一活塞上,活塞受力平衡相互抵消,传动轴扭力输出均衡,整机运行平稳振动小。
在本实施例中,所述一级排气阀片7的下侧为弹性垫圈11,通过一通气螺栓5固定于活塞上21。
在本实施例中,所述弹性垫圈11选用波形垫片、蝶形垫片或O型圈。
在本实施例中,所述通气螺栓5选用内六角螺栓、内六角花型螺栓或内十字螺栓。
在本实施例中,所述一级进气阀片8通过一内通气螺栓6固定在阀板4的上侧。
如图2、图3所示,按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的图1所示优选实施例中活塞的结构示意图。
在本实施例中,所述飞轮轴30通过一承载用免维护滚动轴承33安放于箱体3内,并布置有防松上挡圈34和防松下挡圈35。
在本实施例中,所述飞轮轴30上设计有用于放置轴承的曲柄45结构,该曲柄末端设有末端挡圈槽46。
在本实施例中,所述飞轮轴30的轴环侧飞轮上设有用于放置支承轴承的轴径47和挡圈槽48。
在本实施例中,所述飞轮轴30的轴端面上设置有多个平衡去重孔44,用于平衡活塞连杆离心惯性力和力矩;飞轮轴30的轴尾端内部设有爪形从动端49通过与弹性体31及联轴器主动端32配作完成扭矩传递,小排量空压机可通过电机轴直联驱动飞轮轴,也可采用皮带轮、电磁、液压,气动离合器通过发动机轴带动。
在本实施例中,所述飞轮轴30的曲柄处安放有免维护滚动轴承29及防松挡圈25,免维护滚动轴承29的外圈上布置有连杆24,该连杆的小端内置滚动轴承22,通过活塞销20传动至活塞21。
飞轮轴30体积小巧,平衡去重,采用弹性传动缓冲减振,保证寿命,并集成飞轮功能,运行平稳可靠。
如图4、图5所示,按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的图1所示优选实施例中飞轮轴的结构示意图。
在本实施例中,所述活塞21的侧面上布置有用于导向支承的导向环19和起二级腔气体密封作用的第一活塞环13和第二活塞环18。采用自润滑材料活塞环、导向环及免维护的脂润滑轴承,实现无油压缩,使气源更加清洁。
在本实施例中,所述活塞21的端面上布置有起一级腔密封及导向支承作用的皮碗12,该皮碗上侧设有阀板4,该阀板的下侧布置有一级排气阀片7。小排量空压机也可采用无导向支承皮碗12和阀板4结构;一级进气阀片8、一级排气阀片7也可采用直接安装于活塞21。
在本实施例中,所述活塞21的端面上还布置有多个内通气螺栓安装孔42;活塞21的端面中心区域设置有阀片定程凸台结构43,该凸台结构的环侧均匀布置有多个排气通道36。
在本实施例中,所述活塞21的侧面从上到下依次布置有第一活塞环37、第二活塞环38及导向环安装沟槽39。
在本实施例中,所述活塞21的底部设有活塞销安装孔41,该安装孔的外侧布置有用于螺栓固定的螺纹口40。
在本实施例中,所述箱体3的前端还布置有进气盖27,该进气盖内置空气滤清器26,该滤清器的内侧为稳流单向阀28。
在本实施例中,所述箱体3的外侧面的电机上方设有冷却风扇2或者在箱体3的前侧曲轴直联驱动或磁力联轴器驱动外布置导流罩。
如图6所示,按照本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机的图1所示优选实施例中排气阀片的结构示意图。
在本实施例中,所述二级排气阀片15的外侧为排气定程板16,并通过一排气接头17固紧。
在本实施例中,所述二级排气阀片15采用不锈钢金属材料或采用peek非金属材料。
在本实施例中,所述二级排气阀片15为环形结构,所述环形结构的中心区域为气流冲击密封区52,该密封区连接有环形力臂51。
在本实施例中,所述二级排气阀片15的外侧设置有螺栓安装通孔50。
本领域技术人员不难理解,本发明的车载电动无油空气压缩机包括本说明书中各部分的任意组合。限于篇幅且为了使说明书简明,在此没有将这些组合一一详细介绍,但看过本说明书后,由本说明书构成的各部分的任意组合构成的本发明的范围已经不言自明。
Claims (8)
1.一种车载电动无油空气压缩机,包括电机(1)、箱体(3)、活塞(21)和飞轮轴(30),电机(1)固定在箱体(3)上,箱体(3)的顶部布置有缸盖(10);电机(1)的主轴上安放有联轴器主动端(32),通过弹性体(31)带动飞轮轴(30)旋转,其特征在于:活塞(21)上布置有一级进气阀片(8)和一级排气阀片(7);箱体(3)上设有二级腔(14),该腔体的一侧通气孔处布置有二级排气阀片(15);飞轮轴(30)的轴环侧飞轮上设有用于放置支承轴承的轴径(47)和挡圈槽(48);一级排气阀片(7)也为压缩机的二级进气阀片。
2.如权利要求1所述的车载电动无油空气压缩机,其特征在于:一级排气阀片(7)的下侧为弹性垫圈(11),通过一通气螺栓(5)固定于活塞上(21)。
3.如权利要求2所述的车载电动无油空气压缩机,其特征在于:弹性垫圈(11)选用波形垫片、蝶形垫片或O型圈。
4.如权利要求2所述的车载电动无油空气压缩机,其特征在于:通气螺栓(5)选用内六角螺栓、内六角花型螺栓或内十字螺栓。
5.如权利要求1所述的车载电动无油空气压缩机,其特征在于:一级进气阀片(8)通过一内通气螺栓(6)固定在阀板(4)的上侧。
6.如权利要求1所述的车载电动无油空气压缩机,其特征在于:飞轮轴(30)通过一承载用免维护滚动轴承(33)安放于箱体(3)内,并布置有防松上挡圈(34)和防松下挡圈(35)。
7.如权利要求1或6所述的车载电动无油空气压缩机,其特征在于:飞轮轴(30)上设计有用于放置轴承的曲柄(45)结构,该曲柄末端设有末端挡圈槽(46)。
8.如权利要求1或6所述的车载电动无油空气压缩机,其特征在于:飞轮轴(30)的轴端面上设置有多个平衡去重孔(44),用于平衡活塞连杆离心惯性力和力矩;飞轮轴(30)的轴尾端内部设有爪形从动端(49)通过与弹性体(31)及联轴器主动端(32)配作完成扭矩传递。
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Also Published As
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US20210222684A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
WO2020078125A1 (zh) | 2020-04-23 |
EP3869039A4 (en) | 2021-12-01 |
EP3869039B1 (en) | 2022-05-25 |
CN109404248A (zh) | 2019-03-01 |
EP3869039A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
US11428215B2 (en) | 2022-08-30 |
WO2020078125A9 (zh) | 2020-06-11 |
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