CN109402523A - A kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109402523A
CN109402523A CN201811634902.5A CN201811634902A CN109402523A CN 109402523 A CN109402523 A CN 109402523A CN 201811634902 A CN201811634902 A CN 201811634902A CN 109402523 A CN109402523 A CN 109402523A
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chromium
carbon
aluminium
manganese
calcium
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陈章华
陈瑾昱
杨敏惠
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel and preparation method thereof, the weight percent content of abrasion-resistant stee obtained is the carbon of 0.26-0.35%, the silicon of 1.50-3.00%, the manganese of 0.80-3.00%, the phosphorus of < 0.04%, the sulphur of < 0.04%, the chromium of 9.00-15.00%, the nickel of 0.30-3.00%, the molybdenum of 0.10-1.00%, the vanadium of 0.10-0.50%, the tungsten of 0-1.50%, the titanium of 0.01-0.10%, the boron of 0.40-0.80%, the copper of 0.10-0.40%, the aluminium of 0.10-0.30%, the niobium of 0.02-0.25%, the zirconium of 0.02-0.10%, the cerium of 0.10-0.50%, 0.01-0 .15% the magnesium of tin, 0.001-0.003%, the calcium of 0.001-0.15%, the nitrogen of 0.003-0.025%, the rhenium of 0.001-0.005% and the iron of surplus.Not only it ensure that high-wear resistance, but also obtain toughness phase.

Description

A kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel alloy manufacturing technology field more particularly to a kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel and its preparations Method.
Background technique
Steel alloy is that the iron carbon for adding suitable one or more alloying elements on the basis of ordinary carbon steel and constituting closes Gold.According to the difference of addition element, and processing technology appropriate is taken, can get high intensity, high tenacity, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, resistance to The properties such as low temperature, high temperature resistant, nonmagnetic.
Steel alloy can be divided into low-alloy steel according to the number of alloying element content in steel, medium alloy steel and high-alloy steel. The main alloy element of steel alloy has silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, cobalt, aluminium, copper, boron, rare earth etc..
Wherein vanadium, titanium, niobium, zirconium etc. are carbide in steel, as long as having enough carbon, in felicity condition Under, respective carbide can be formed, when scarce carbon or under the high temperature conditions, is then entered in solid solution with state of atom；Manganese, chromium, Tungsten, molybdenum are carbide former, and a portion is entered in solid solution with state of atom, and another part forms displaced type alloy Cementite；Aluminium, copper, nickel, cobalt, silicon etc. are not form carbide formers, are generally present in solid solution with state of atom.
Publication No. CN 108220816A, publication date are that on 06 29th, 2018 Chinese patent literatures disclose one kind Low chromium shock resistance high-temperature antiwear alloy steel, which is characterized in that the chemical element component including following weight percent: carbon 0.10- 0.50%, silicon 0.4-2.2%, manganese 0.5-1.5%, phosphorus < 0.04%, sulphur < 0.04%, chromium 0.5-3.5%, nickel 0.2-2.2%, Molybdenum 0.1-0.7%, boron 0-0.2%, aluminium 0.1-0.5%, cerium 0.2-1.2%, tin 0.02-0.20%, vanadium 0-0.8%, tungsten 0.1- 1.5%, copper 0.05-0.4%, tantalum 0.005-0.020%, cobalt 0.05-0.20%, pick 0.05-0.25%, magnesium 0.01-0.04%, Calcium 0.003-0.015%, titanium 0-0.08%, niobium 0-0.15%, surplus are iron.
Low chromium shock resistance high-temperature antiwear alloy steel disclosed in the patent document, although steel alloy obtained can guarantee high-ductility Property and shock resistance.But since it is using pure martensitic matrix as wear-resistant material, though hardness reaches, wearability is not Foot, for ferrochrome slag, steel slag it is broken, wearability is far from enough.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to overcome the defects of the prior art described above, provides a kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel and its preparation side Method, the present invention use low-carbon, and carbon is dissolved in iron and forms solid solution, can ensure that the fundamental strength of steel, hardness range value can reach HRC52-54.5；Using the high boron of the low-carbon high-chromium of specific components and proportion, expand austenitic area, it is paralympic by heat treatment acquisition, High rigidity phase content is promoted simultaneously, makes cost minimization, guarantees high-wear resistance, and obtain toughness phase.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel, which is characterized in that be made of following raw material by weight percentage:
The carbon 0.26%, silicon 1.50%, manganese 0.80%, phosphorus 0.01%, sulphur 0.01%, chromium 9.00%, nickel 0.30%, molybdenum 0.10%, vanadium 0.10%, titanium 0.01%, boron 0.40%, copper 0.10%, aluminium 0.10%, niobium 0.02%, zirconium 0.02%, cerium 0.10%, tin 0.01%, magnesium 0.001%, calcium 0.001%, nitrogen 0.003%, rhenium 0.001% and iron surplus.
The carbon 0.30%, silicon 2.00%, manganese 1.80%, phosphorus 0.02%, sulphur 0.02%, chromium 11.00%, nickel 1.50%, Molybdenum 0.60%, vanadium 0.30%, tungsten 1.00%, titanium 0.06%, boron 0.60%, copper 0.30%, aluminium 0.20%, niobium 0.15%, zirconium 0.08%, cerium 0.30%, tin 0.11%, magnesium 0.002%, calcium 0.10%, nitrogen 0.005%, rhenium 0.002% and iron surplus.
The carbon 0.35%, silicon 3.00%, manganese 3.00%, phosphorus 0.03%, sulphur 0.03%, chromium 15.00%, nickel 3.00%, Molybdenum 1.00%, vanadium 0.50%, tungsten 1.50%, titanium 0.10%, boron 0.80%, copper 0.40%, aluminium 0.30%, niobium 0.25%, zirconium 0.10%, cerium 0.50%, tin 0.15%, magnesium 0.003%, calcium 0.15%, nitrogen 0.025%, rhenium 0.005% and iron surplus.
A kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel, which is characterized in that be successively made of following processing step:
A, determine that process goal value, weight percent proportion are as follows:
The carbon of 0.26-0.35%, the silicon of 1.50-3.00%, the manganese of 0.80-3.00%, the phosphorus of < 0.04%, < 0.04% Sulphur, the chromium of 9.00-15.00%, the nickel of 0.30-3.00%, the molybdenum of 0.10-1.00%, 0.10-0.50% vanadium, 0- 1.50% tungsten, the titanium of 0.01-0.10%, the boron of 0.40-0.80%, the copper of 0.10-0.40%, 0.10-0.30% aluminium, The niobium of 0.02-0.25%, the zirconium of 0.02-0.10%, the cerium of 0.10-0.50%, the tin of 0.01-0.15%, 0.001-0.003% Magnesium, the calcium of 0.001-0.15%, the nitrogen of 0.003-0.025%, the rhenium of 0.001-0.005% and the iron of surplus；
B, ingredient: choose scrap iron, steel scrap, cerium mischmetal and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, Tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen alloy；
C, melting: the ingredient in b step is first put into furnace bottom and is lined in the intermediate frequency furnace of hot lime, then leads to low electricity to intermediate frequency furnace It flows, full load power transmission after ingredient preheating in intermediate frequency furnace, until ingredient fusing in intermediate frequency furnace；
D, sampling adjustment: by step c melt after ingredient sample, according to liquid medicine or spectrometer analysis measure silicon, manganese, Chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen weight percent content, and according in a step Process goal value comparative analysis, be added steel scrap and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, The alloy of calcium, rhenium and nitrogen, adjustment contain silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen Close to process goal value, the content that graphite adjustment carbon is added is matched close to process goal value, 5 points before intermediate frequency furnace out content proportion Cerium mischmetal is added in clock, and the weight percent content of cerium is made to reach process goal value；
E, moulding by casting: deoxidier is added when temperature is 1850 DEG C in the melt after Step d reaches process goal value, so Go out intermediate frequency furnace afterwards；
F, it is heat-treated: the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting is diffused nodularization, quench, tempering is got product.
Deoxidier in the step e is silico-calcium core-spun yarn, aluminium manganese iron, steel-core-aluminium or silicon carbide.
Diffusion nodularization in the f step, which refers to, is heated to 1200 DEG C for the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting, and keeps the temperature 1.5 hours, when then reducing the temperature to 750 DEG C, 2.5 hours are kept the temperature, it is finally cooling with resistance furnace.
Abrasion-resistant stee obtained from quenching in the f step refers to the carbide that will be distributed on matrix after spreading nodularization When being heated to 1130 DEG C, with i.e. that its is air-cooled.
Tempering in the f step, which refers to, to be reheated to 250 DEG C for quenched abrasion-resistant stee and keeps the temperature 3 hours, is continued It is heated to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3 hours, then proceed to be heated to 400 DEG C and keep the temperature 3 hours, it is finally air-cooled with resistance furnace.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in following aspect:
1, of the invention, by numerous experiments, it is final using " carbon of 0.26-0.35%, 1.50-3.00% silicon, The manganese of 0.80-3.00%, the phosphorus of < 0.04%, the sulphur of < 0.04%, the chromium of 9.00-15.00%, 0.30-3.00% nickel, The vanadium of the molybdenum of 0.10-1.00%, 0.10-0.50%, the tungsten of 0-1.50%, the titanium of 0.01-0.10%, 0.40-0.80% boron, The copper of 0.10-0.40%, the aluminium of 0.10-0.30%, the niobium of 0.02-0.25%, the zirconium of 0.02-0.10%, 0.10-0.50% Cerium, the tin of 0.01-0.15%, the magnesium of 0.001-0.003%, the calcium of 0.001-0.15%, 0.003-0.025% nitrogen, This specific proportion of the rhenium of 0.001-0.005% and the iron of surplus ", wherein using the rhenium of specific components and proportion, rhenium can be inhaled Hydrogen prevents hydrogen embrittlement, can also desulfurization, generate superfine compound, forming core, refinement crystal grain improve toughness；Using specific components and proportion The high boron of low-carbon high-chromium, expand austenitic area, obtained by heat treatment paralympic, while promoting high rigidity phase content, make cost most Smallization guarantees high-wear resistance, and obtains toughness phase (referring to embodiment 9 and embodiment 10)；Using specific components and proportion Nickel, crystal grain can be refined, hinder the alloy cpd generated or intermetallic compound toward cyrystal boundary segregation；Using specific components and match The nitrogen of ratio can not only produce superfine compound disperses in complicated body steel bundle and strengthen, but also toughness can be improved and improve intensity；Each group Divide by specifically matching, the abrasion-resistant stee being finally prepared not only has high rigidity, but also is provided simultaneously with certain toughness and high abrasion Characteristic (referring to embodiment 9 and embodiment 10).
2, of the invention, it passes sequentially through and " a, determines process goal value, b, ingredient, c, melting, e, d, sampling adjustment are poured into Type and f, heat treatment ", using this specific processing step, by chromium control in 9.00-15.00%, quantitative chromium can generate M7C3、 Cr23C6Compound；It is applied with silicon, boron, tungsten and titanium, keeps austenite acquisition amount more；Cr can be generated simultaneously7C3Or Cr23C6Chemical combination Object, and Fe can be generated2B compound makes up, Cr23C6It is not complete to be transformed into Cr7C3Compound promotes hardness, while the boron carbonization generated It closes, the compound hardness of tungsten are much larger than Cr7C3Hardness, promote the hardness of hard alloy, reduce cost wear-resisting property； By boron control in 0.40-0.80%, quantitative boron can improve harden ability, and can generate a large amount of Fe2It is thin to expand austenite for B compound Change function；By manganese control in 0.80-3.0%, it can strengthen that matrix is rotten to be mingled with effect；Nitrogen is controlled in 0.003-0.025%, Can it is anticorrosive and can with generate a large amount of high hard phases after aluminium, nickel, copper integration, while refining crystal grain again；It is obtained in heat treatment certain residual Remaining austenite generates precipitation-hardening by heating treatment and martensite is uniformly distributed hard phase；After above-mentioned steps are handled, Martensite can be obtained to be matrix and make high hard alloy cpd Dispersed precipitate on matrix, and can be made a small amount of paralympic mixed Together in martensite, by appropriate Ni-based, the thin compound of nitrogen base stage, titanium-based forming core, prevent compound toward cyrystal boundary segregation；Further through Manganese, copper, tin make matrix that lattice deformability occur, and promote matrix strength, further increase intensity, hardness, toughness to obtain one kind The steel alloy of high abrasion, but also with the high-quality abrasion-resistant stee of appropriate toughness (referring to embodiment 9 and embodiment 10).It was verified that this The wearability of invention is high chrome Cr263 times or more, toughness is better than high chrome, certainly also more wear-resisting than high temperature impact-resistant abrasion-proof steel, Also more wear-resisting than potassium steel, it is a kind of newborn wear-resistant material, is very suitable at present chromium slag, steel slag, glass, molybdenum slag, Jin Gang both at home and abroad The crushing of the high hardness minerals such as sand for the prior art compared with Publication No. CN 108220816A, has significant progress.
3, of the invention, the deoxidier in step e is silico-calcium core-spun yarn, aluminum steel, aluminium manganese iron, steel-core-aluminium, calcium carbide or silicon carbide, Any such deoxidier of selection can be reacted with the oxygen dissolved in molten iron, mainly generated nonmetallic compound, formed in precipitating Pure molten iron can be obtained floating to being removed in slag blanket, so as to guarantee the fundamental strength of abrasion-resistant stee.
4, of the invention, the diffusion nodularization in f step, which refers to, is heated to 1200 DEG C for the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting, And 1.5 hours are kept the temperature, when then reducing the temperature to 750 DEG C, 2.5 hours are kept the temperature, finally cooling with resistance furnace, use is specific in this way Temperature heating not only can guarantee that lamellar pearlite disappeared, but also can retain a part of carbide for not being completely dissolved in austenite, as Nodularization core ultimately forms the normal spherodized structure of coarseer granular carbide, keeps chemical component uniform, improves abrasion-resistant stee Intensity.
5, of the invention, obtained from the quenching in f step refers to the carbide that will be distributed on matrix after spreading nodularization When abrasion-resistant stee is heated to 1130 DEG C, with i.e. its is air-cooled, the abrasion-resistant stee after being quenched can make overcooling austenite carry out martensite Or bainite transformation, obtain martensite or bainite structure.
6, of the invention, the tempering in f step, which refers to, to be reheated to 250 DEG C for quenched abrasion-resistant stee and keeps the temperature 3 hours, Continue to be heated to 350 DEG C and keep the temperature 3 hours, then proceed to be heated to 400 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3 hours, finally air-cooled with resistance furnace, warp Abrasion-resistant stee after tempering can eliminate quenching stress, and make Transformation of Retained Austenite bainite and improve hardness, non-switched Austenite is distributed between Malpighian layer, and then ensures wearability, hardness and the toughness of abrasion-resistant stee.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the metallograph that low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel of the present invention amplifies 50 times under metallographic microscope；
Fig. 2 is the metallograph that low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel of the present invention amplifies 500 times under metallographic microscope.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel is made of following raw material by weight percentage:
Low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel under the proportion, can be prepared by by prior art processes.
Embodiment 2
A kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel is made of following raw material by weight percentage:
Low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel under the proportion, can be prepared by by prior art processes.
Embodiment 3
A kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel is made of following raw material by weight percentage:
Low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel under the proportion, can be prepared by by prior art processes.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel, is successively made of following processing step:
A, determine that process goal value, weight percent proportion are as follows:
Carbon 0.26%, silicon 1.50%, manganese 0.80%, phosphorus 0.01%, sulphur 0.01%, chromium 9.00%, nickel 0.30%, molybdenum 0.10%, vanadium 0.10%, titanium 0.01%, boron 0.40%, copper 0.10%, aluminium 0.10%, niobium 0.02%, zirconium 0.02%, cerium 0.10%, tin 0.01%, magnesium 0.001%, calcium 0.001%, nitrogen 0.003%, rhenium 0.001% and iron surplus；
B, ingredient: choose scrap iron, steel scrap, cerium mischmetal and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, Magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen alloy；
C, melting: the ingredient in b step is first put into furnace bottom and is lined in the intermediate frequency furnace of hot lime, then leads to low electricity to intermediate frequency furnace It flows, full load power transmission after ingredient preheating in intermediate frequency furnace, until ingredient fusing in intermediate frequency furnace；
D, sampling adjustment: by step c melt after ingredient sample, according to liquid medicine or spectrometer analysis measure silicon, manganese, Chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen weight percent content, and according in a step Process goal value comparative analysis, be added steel scrap and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, The alloy of calcium, rhenium and nitrogen, adjustment contain silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen Close to process goal value, the content that graphite adjustment carbon is added is matched close to process goal value, 5 points before intermediate frequency furnace out content proportion Cerium mischmetal is added in clock, and the weight percent content of cerium is made to reach process goal value；
E, moulding by casting: deoxidier is added when temperature is 1850 DEG C in the melt after Step d reaches process goal value, so Go out intermediate frequency furnace afterwards；
F, it is heat-treated: the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting is diffused nodularization, quench, tempering is got product.
It passes sequentially through and " a, determines process goal value, b, ingredient, c, melting, d, sampling adjustment, e, moulding by casting and f, Re Chu Reason ", using this specific processing step, by chromium control in 9.00-15.00%, quantitative chromium can generate M7C3、Cr23C6Chemical combination Object；It is applied with silicon, boron, tungsten and titanium, keeps austenite acquisition amount more；Cr can be generated simultaneously7C3Or Cr23C6Compound, and can generate Fe2B compound makes up, Cr23C6It is not complete to be transformed into Cr7C3Compound promotes hardness, while the change of the boron carbon compound, tungsten generated It closes object hardness and is much larger than Cr7C3Hardness, promote the hardness of hard alloy, reduce cost wear-resisting property；Boron control is existed 0.40-0.80%, quantitative boron can improve harden ability, and can generate a large amount of Fe2B compound expands austenite and refines function；By manganese Control can strengthen that matrix is rotten to be mingled with effect in 0.80-3.0%；By nitrogen control in 0.003-0.025%, energy is anticorrosive again A large amount of high hard phases are generated after capable of integrating with aluminium, nickel, copper, while refining crystal grain again；Certain retained austenite is obtained in heat treatment, is passed through It crosses heating treatment generation precipitation-hardening and martensite is uniformly distributed hard phase；After above-mentioned steps are handled, geneva can be obtained Body is matrix, and can make high hard alloy cpd Dispersed precipitate on matrix, and can make it is a small amount of it is paralympic be mixed in martensite, By appropriate Ni-based, the thin compound of nitrogen base stage, titanium-based forming core, prevent compound toward cyrystal boundary segregation；Make base further through manganese, copper, tin Lattice deformability occurs for body, promotes matrix strength, further increases intensity, hardness, toughness to obtain a kind of alloy of high abrasion Steel, but also with the high-quality abrasion-resistant stee of appropriate toughness.It was verified that wearability of the invention is high chrome Cr263 times or more, it is tough Property it is better than high chrome, it is certainly also more wear-resisting than high temperature impact-resistant abrasion-proof steel, it is also more wear-resisting than potassium steel, be a kind of newborn wear-resistant material, It is very suitable to the crushing of the high hardness minerals such as chromium slag, steel slag, glass, molybdenum slag, corundum both at home and abroad at present, compared with Publication No. CN For the prior art of 108220816A, there is significant progress.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel, is successively made of following processing step:
A, determine that process goal value, weight percent proportion are as follows:
Carbon 0.30%, silicon 2.00%, manganese 1.80%, phosphorus 0.02%, sulphur 0.02%, chromium 11.00%, nickel 1.50%, molybdenum 0.60%, vanadium 0.30%, tungsten 1.00%, titanium 0.06%, boron 0.60%, copper 0.30%, aluminium 0.20%, niobium 0.15%, zirconium 0.08%, cerium 0.30%, tin 0.11%, magnesium 0.002%, calcium 0.10%, nitrogen 0.005%, rhenium 0.002% and iron surplus；
B, ingredient: choose scrap iron, steel scrap, cerium mischmetal and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, Tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen alloy；
C, melting: the ingredient in b step is first put into furnace bottom and is lined in the intermediate frequency furnace of hot lime, then leads to low electricity to intermediate frequency furnace It flows, full load power transmission after ingredient preheating in intermediate frequency furnace, until ingredient fusing in intermediate frequency furnace；
D, sampling adjustment: by step c melt after ingredient sample, according to liquid medicine or spectrometer analysis measure silicon, manganese, Chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen weight percent content, and according in a step Process goal value comparative analysis, be added steel scrap and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, The alloy of calcium, rhenium and nitrogen, adjustment contain silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen Close to process goal value, the content that graphite adjustment carbon is added is matched close to process goal value, 5 points before intermediate frequency furnace out content proportion Cerium mischmetal is added in clock, and the weight percent content of cerium is made to reach process goal value；
E, moulding by casting: deoxidier is added when temperature is 1850 DEG C in the melt after Step d reaches process goal value, so Go out intermediate frequency furnace afterwards；
F, it is heat-treated: the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting is diffused nodularization, quench, tempering is got product.
Deoxidier in the step e is silico-calcium core-spun yarn.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel, is successively made of following processing step:
A, determine that process goal value, weight percent proportion are as follows:
Carbon 0.35%, silicon 3.00%, manganese 3.00%, phosphorus 0.03%, sulphur 0.03%, chromium 15.00%, nickel 3.00%, molybdenum 1.00%, vanadium 0.50%, tungsten 1.50%, titanium 0.10%, boron 0.80%, copper 0.40%, aluminium 0.30%, niobium 0.25%, zirconium 0.10%, cerium 0.50%, tin 0.15%, magnesium 0.003%, calcium 0.15%, nitrogen 0.025%, rhenium 0.005% and iron surplus；
B, ingredient: choose scrap iron, steel scrap, cerium mischmetal and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, Tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen alloy；
C, melting: the ingredient in b step is first put into furnace bottom and is lined in the intermediate frequency furnace of hot lime, then leads to low electricity to intermediate frequency furnace It flows, full load power transmission after ingredient preheating in intermediate frequency furnace, until ingredient fusing in intermediate frequency furnace；
D, sampling adjustment: by step c melt after ingredient sample, according to liquid medicine or spectrometer analysis measure silicon, manganese, Chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen weight percent content, and according in a step Process goal value comparative analysis, be added steel scrap and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, The alloy of calcium, rhenium and nitrogen, adjustment contain silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen Close to process goal value, the content that graphite adjustment carbon is added is matched close to process goal value, 5 points before intermediate frequency furnace out content proportion Cerium mischmetal is added in clock, and the weight percent content of cerium is made to reach process goal value；
E, moulding by casting: deoxidier is added when temperature is 1850 DEG C in the melt after Step d reaches process goal value, so Go out intermediate frequency furnace afterwards；
F, it is heat-treated: the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting is diffused nodularization, quench, tempering is got product.
Deoxidier in the step e is aluminium manganese iron.
Diffusion nodularization in the f step, which refers to, is heated to 1200 DEG C for the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting, and keeps the temperature 1.5 hours, when then reducing the temperature to 750 DEG C, 2.5 hours are kept the temperature, it is finally cooling with resistance furnace.
Diffusion nodularization in f step, which refers to, is heated to 1200 DEG C for the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting, and keeps the temperature 1.5 Hour, when then reducing the temperature to 750 DEG C, 2.5 hours are kept the temperature, it is finally cooling with resistance furnace, added using temperature specific in this way Heat not only can guarantee that lamellar pearlite disappeared, but also can retain a part of carbide for not being completely dissolved in austenite, as nodularization core, The normal spherodized structure for ultimately forming coarseer granular carbide, keeps chemical component uniform, improves the intensity of abrasion-resistant stee.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel, is successively made of following processing step:
A, determine that process goal value, weight percent proportion are as follows:
Carbon 0.35%, silicon 3.00%, manganese 3.00%, phosphorus 0.03%, sulphur 0.03%, chromium 15.00%, nickel 3.00%, molybdenum 1.00%, vanadium 0.50%, tungsten 1.50%, titanium 0.10%, boron 0.80%, copper 0.40%, aluminium 0.30%, niobium 0.25%, zirconium 0.10%, cerium 0.50%, tin 0.15%, magnesium 0.003%, calcium 0.15%, nitrogen 0.025%, rhenium 0.005% and iron surplus；
B, ingredient: choose scrap iron, steel scrap, cerium mischmetal and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, Tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen alloy；
C, melting: the ingredient in b step is first put into furnace bottom and is lined in the intermediate frequency furnace of hot lime, then leads to low electricity to intermediate frequency furnace It flows, full load power transmission after ingredient preheating in intermediate frequency furnace, until ingredient fusing in intermediate frequency furnace；
D, sampling adjustment: by step c melt after ingredient sample, according to liquid medicine or spectrometer analysis measure silicon, manganese, Chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen weight percent content, and according in a step Process goal value comparative analysis, be added steel scrap and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, The alloy of calcium, rhenium and nitrogen, adjustment contain silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen Close to process goal value, the content that graphite adjustment carbon is added is matched close to process goal value, 5 points before intermediate frequency furnace out content proportion Cerium mischmetal is added in clock, and the weight percent content of cerium is made to reach process goal value；
E, moulding by casting: deoxidier is added when temperature is 1850 DEG C in the melt after Step d reaches process goal value, so Go out intermediate frequency furnace afterwards；
F, it is heat-treated: the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting is diffused nodularization, quench, tempering is got product.
Deoxidier in the step e is steel-core-aluminium.
Diffusion nodularization in the f step, which refers to, is heated to 1200 DEG C for the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting, and keeps the temperature 1.5 hours, when then reducing the temperature to 750 DEG C, 2.5 hours are kept the temperature, it is finally cooling with resistance furnace.
Abrasion-resistant stee obtained from quenching in the f step refers to the carbide that will be distributed on matrix after spreading nodularization When being heated to 1130 DEG C, with i.e. that its is air-cooled.
The heating of abrasion-resistant stee obtained from quenching in f step refers to the carbide that will be distributed on matrix after spreading nodularization When to 1130 DEG C, with i.e. that its is air-cooled, the abrasion-resistant stee after being quenched can make that overcooling austenite carries out martensite or bainite turns Become, obtains martensite or bainite structure.
Embodiment 8
A kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel, is successively made of following processing step:
A, determine that process goal value, weight percent proportion are as follows:
Carbon 0.35%, silicon 3.00%, manganese 3.00%, phosphorus 0.03%, sulphur 0.03%, chromium 15.00%, nickel 3.00%, molybdenum 1.00%, vanadium 0.50%, tungsten 1.50%, titanium 0.10%, boron 0.80%, copper 0.40%, aluminium 0.30%, niobium 0.25%, zirconium 0.10%, cerium 0.50%, tin 0.15%, magnesium 0.003%, calcium 0.15%, nitrogen 0.025%, rhenium 0.005% and iron surplus；
B, ingredient: choose scrap iron, steel scrap, cerium mischmetal and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, Tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen alloy；
C, melting: the ingredient in b step is first put into furnace bottom and is lined in the intermediate frequency furnace of hot lime, then leads to low electricity to intermediate frequency furnace It flows, full load power transmission after ingredient preheating in intermediate frequency furnace, until ingredient fusing in intermediate frequency furnace；
D, sampling adjustment: by step c melt after ingredient sample, according to liquid medicine or spectrometer analysis measure silicon, manganese, Chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen weight percent content, and according in a step Process goal value comparative analysis, be added steel scrap and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, The alloy of calcium, rhenium and nitrogen, adjustment contain silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen Close to process goal value, the content that graphite adjustment carbon is added is matched close to process goal value, 5 points before intermediate frequency furnace out content proportion Cerium mischmetal is added in clock, and the weight percent content of cerium is made to reach process goal value；
E, moulding by casting: deoxidier is added when temperature is 1850 DEG C in the melt after Step d reaches process goal value, so Go out intermediate frequency furnace afterwards；
F, it is heat-treated: the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting is diffused nodularization, quench, tempering is got product.
Deoxidier in the step e is silicon carbide.
Diffusion nodularization in the f step, which refers to, is heated to 1200 DEG C for the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting, and keeps the temperature 1.5 hours, when then reducing the temperature to 750 DEG C, 2.5 hours are kept the temperature, it is finally cooling with resistance furnace.
Abrasion-resistant stee obtained from quenching in the f step refers to the carbide that will be distributed on matrix after spreading nodularization When being heated to 1130 DEG C, with i.e. that its is air-cooled.
Tempering in the f step, which refers to, to be reheated to 250 DEG C for quenched abrasion-resistant stee and keeps the temperature 3 hours, is continued It is heated to 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3 hours, then proceed to be heated to 400 DEG C and keep the temperature 3 hours, it is finally air-cooled with resistance furnace.
It passes sequentially through and " a, determines process goal value, b, ingredient, c, melting, d, sampling adjustment, e, moulding by casting and f, Re Chu Reason ", using this specific processing step, by chromium control in 9.00-15.00%, quantitative chromium can generate M7C3、Cr23C6Chemical combination Object；It is applied with silicon, boron, tungsten and titanium, keeps austenite acquisition amount more；Cr can be generated simultaneously7C3Or Cr23C6Compound, and can generate Fe2B compound makes up, Cr23C6It is not complete to be transformed into Cr7C3Compound promotes hardness, while the change of the boron carbon compound, tungsten generated It closes object hardness and is much larger than Cr7C3Hardness, promote the hardness of hard alloy, reduce cost wear-resisting property；Boron control is existed 0.40-0.80%, quantitative boron can improve harden ability, and can generate a large amount of Fe2B compound expands austenite and refines function；By manganese Control can strengthen that matrix is rotten to be mingled with effect in 0.80-3.0%；By nitrogen control in 0.003-0.025%, energy is anticorrosive again A large amount of high hard phases are generated after capable of integrating with aluminium, nickel, copper, while refining crystal grain again；Certain retained austenite is obtained in heat treatment, is passed through It crosses heating treatment generation precipitation-hardening and martensite is uniformly distributed hard phase；After above-mentioned steps are handled, geneva can be obtained Body is matrix, and can make high hard alloy cpd Dispersed precipitate on matrix, and can make it is a small amount of it is paralympic be mixed in martensite, By appropriate Ni-based, the thin compound of nitrogen base stage, titanium-based forming core, prevent compound toward cyrystal boundary segregation；Make base further through manganese, copper, tin Lattice deformability occurs for body, promotes matrix strength, further increases intensity, hardness, toughness to obtain a kind of alloy of high abrasion Steel, but also with the high-quality abrasion-resistant stee of appropriate toughness.It was verified that wearability of the invention is high chrome Cr263 times or more, it is tough Property it is better than high chrome, it is certainly also more wear-resisting than high temperature impact-resistant abrasion-proof steel, it is also more wear-resisting than potassium steel, be a kind of newborn wear-resistant material, It is very suitable to the crushing of the high hardness minerals such as chromium slag, steel slag, glass, molybdenum slag, corundum both at home and abroad at present, compared with Publication No. CN For the prior art of 108220816A, there is significant progress.
Tempering in f step, which refers to, to be reheated to 250 DEG C for quenched abrasion-resistant stee and keeps the temperature 3 hours, continues to heat To 350 DEG C and 3 hours are kept the temperature, then proceed to be heated to 400 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3 hours, it is finally air-cooled with resistance furnace, after tempered Abrasion-resistant stee can eliminate quenching stress, and make Transformation of Retained Austenite bainite and improve hardness, non-switched austenite point It is distributed between Malpighian layer, and then ensures wearability, hardness and the toughness of abrasion-resistant stee.
Embodiment 9
The low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel that Leshan Tai Gang company will be obtained on October 18th, 2017 using present invention proportion (ZG35Cr13B it) send to testing agency, DEC Dongfeng Electric Machinery Co., Ltd. and is detected, the machinery obtained after detecting Performance test is reported as follows shown in table 1:
Table 1
In table 1:
Ballistic work be measure steel toughness an index, be steel is absorbed under impact loading plastic deformation work with The ability of work to break；
Hardness is the ability that steel locally resist that hard object is pressed into its surface.
Embodiment 10
Steel alloy that the prior art preparation of Publication No. CN 108220816A is obtained and using prior art processes or The low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel that present invention process is prepared passes through MLD-100 type abrasive tester, Rockwell hardness tester (HRC), JB230A shock machine surveys wear rate value, hardness number and toughness values under same test conditions respectively Fixed, mechanical performance reduced parameter value is seen below shown in table 2:
Table 2.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel, which is characterized in that be made of following raw material by weight percentage:
2. a kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the carbon 0.26%, silicon 1.50%, manganese 0.80%, phosphorus 0.01%, sulphur 0.01%, chromium 9.00%, nickel 0.30%, molybdenum 0.10%, vanadium 0.10%, titanium 0.01%, boron 0.40%, copper 0.10%, aluminium 0.10%, niobium 0.02%, zirconium 0.02%, cerium 0.10%, tin 0.01%, magnesium 0.001%, calcium 0.001%, nitrogen 0.003%, rhenium 0.001% and iron surplus.
3. a kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the carbon 0.30%, silicon 2.00%, manganese 1.80%, phosphorus 0.02%, sulphur 0.02%, chromium 11.00%, nickel 1.50%, molybdenum 0.60%, vanadium 0.30%, tungsten 1.00%, titanium 0.06%, boron 0.60%, copper 0.30%, aluminium 0.20%, niobium 0.15%, zirconium 0.08%, cerium 0.30%, tin 0.11%, magnesium 0.002%, calcium 0.10%, nitrogen 0.005%, rhenium 0002% and iron surplus.
4. a kind of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the carbon 0.35%, silicon 3.00%, manganese 3.00%, phosphorus 0.03%, sulphur 0.03%, chromium 13.50%, nickel 3.00%, molybdenum 1.00%, vanadium 0.50%, tungsten 1.50%, titanium 0.10%, boron 0.80%, copper 0.40%, aluminium 0.30%, niobium 0.25%, zirconium 0.10%, cerium 0.50%, tin 0.15%, magnesium 0.003%, calcium 0.15%, nitrogen 0.025%, rhenium 0.005% and iron surplus.
5. a kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that successively by with Lower processing step composition:
A, determine that process goal value, weight percent proportion are as follows:
The carbon of 0.26-0.35%, the silicon of 1.50-3.00%, the manganese of 0.80-3.00%, the phosphorus of < 0.04%, < 0.04% Sulphur, the chromium of 9.00-13.50%, the nickel of 0.30-3.00%, the molybdenum of 0.10-1.00%, 0.10-0.50% vanadium, 0-1.50% Tungsten, the titanium of 0.01-0.10%, the boron of 0.40-0.80%, the copper of 0.10-0.40%, the aluminium of 0.10-0.30%, 0.02- 0.25% niobium, the zirconium of 0.02-0.10%, the cerium of 0.10-0.50%, the tin of 0.01-0.15%, 0.001-0.003% magnesium, The calcium of 0.001-0.15%, the nitrogen of 0.003-0.025%, the rhenium of 0.001-0.005% and the iron of surplus；
B, ingredient: choose scrap iron, steel scrap, cerium mischmetal and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, Magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen alloy；
C, melting: being first put into furnace bottom for the ingredient in b step and be lined in the intermediate frequency furnace of hot lime, then lead to low current to intermediate frequency furnace, Full load power transmission after ingredient preheating in intermediate frequency furnace, until ingredient fusing in intermediate frequency furnace；
D, sampling adjustment: by step c melt after ingredient sample, according to liquid medicine or spectrometer analysis measure silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, Molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen weight percent content, and according to the technique mesh in a step Scale value comparative analysis, be added steel scrap and containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and The alloy of nitrogen, content of the adjustment containing silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, copper, aluminium, niobium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, calcium, rhenium and nitrogen are matched Than the content proportion of graphite adjustment carbon being added close to process goal value, is added within 5 minutes before intermediate frequency furnace out close to process goal value Cerium mischmetal makes the weight percent content of cerium reach process goal value；
E, moulding by casting: deoxidier is added when temperature is 1850 DEG C in the melt after Step d reaches process goal value, then goes out Intermediate frequency furnace；
F, it is heat-treated: the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting is diffused nodularization, quench, tempering is got product.
6. a kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the e step Deoxidier in rapid is silico-calcium core-spun yarn, aluminium manganese iron, steel-core-aluminium or silicon carbide.
7. a kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the f step Diffusion nodularization in rapid, which refers to, is heated to 1200 DEG C for the abrasion-resistant stee after step e moulding by casting, and keeps the temperature 1.5 hours, then will When temperature drops to 750 DEG C, 2.5 hours are kept the temperature, it is finally cooling with resistance furnace.
8. a kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the f step When abrasion-resistant stee obtained from quenching in rapid refers to the carbide being distributed on matrix after spreading nodularization is heated to 1130 DEG C, With i.e. that its is air-cooled.
9. a kind of preparation method of low-carbon high-chromium high boron wear-resisting steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the f step Tempering in rapid, which refers to, to be reheated to 250 DEG C for quenched abrasion-resistant stee and keeps the temperature 3 hours, is continued to be heated to 350 DEG C and be protected Temperature 3 hours then proceedes to be heated to 400 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3 hours, finally air-cooled with resistance furnace.
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Application publication date: 20190301