CN109397813A - 一种防火保温板 - Google Patents

一种防火保温板 Download PDF

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CN109397813A
CN109397813A CN201811561272.3A CN201811561272A CN109397813A CN 109397813 A CN109397813 A CN 109397813A CN 201811561272 A CN201811561272 A CN 201811561272A CN 109397813 A CN109397813 A CN 109397813A
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fireproof heated
insulating layer
heated board
aeroge
insulation layer
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史雷
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DALIAN YIXING ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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DALIAN YIXING ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2307/302—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种防火保温板，属于建筑材料技术领域。本发明提供的防火保温板，包括气凝胶保温隔热层，在所述气凝胶保温隔热层的一面复合有无机保温层，另一面复合有有机保温层。本发明充分利用了无机保温层的防火性能规避了其导热系数和容重较高的特性；充分利用了有机保温层导热系数及容重较低的特性规避了其防火等级较低的特性；充分利用了气凝胶保温隔热层的优异的导热系数和容重较低及较高的防火等级的特性、规避了其价格较高的特性。本发明从构造上结合多种保温材料的优点，规避了其缺点，在不改变现有施工工艺及造价的基础上大幅度降低了防火保温板的整体厚度、重量，同时提高了防火保温板的防火等级及安全性能。

Description

一种防火保温板
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种防火保温板。
背景技术
随着国家节能减排政策的出台对房屋质量要求的不断提高，要求外墙不但要美观，还必须具有保温防火功能。目前市场上常见的保温板一般是单一的无机保温材料(岩棉、发泡混凝土等)或单一的有机保温材料(聚氨酯、EPS、XPS等)。上述常见的保温板存在要么容重较高不适宜做更厚的更高要求的保温构造，要么防火性能不能达到国家有关规定。基于上述保温板存在的缺陷，科研人员研究出了一种保温装饰一体板，但是保温装饰一体板对施工的要求也较高，灵活性较差。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种防火保温板。本发明提供的防火保温板具有优异的保温性能和防火等级；且成本低、施工简便。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明提供了一种防火保温板，包括气凝胶保温隔热层，所述气凝胶保温隔热层的一面复合无机保温层，另一面复合有机保温层。
优选地，所述无机保温层的材质包括岩棉、发泡混凝土、发泡陶瓷、发泡玻璃或无机砂浆。
优选地，所述无机保温层的厚度为30～50mm。
优选地，所述有机保温层的材质包括聚苯乙烯泡沫、挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫、酚醛或聚氨酯。
优选地，所述有机保温层的厚度为30～200mm。
优选地，所述气凝胶保温隔热层包括气凝胶保温板、气凝胶保温棉、固态气凝胶保温板。
优选地，所述气凝胶保温隔热层的厚度为5～30mm。
优选地，所述有机保温层和无机保温层通过用粘结剂粘贴的方法分别复合在气凝胶防火隔热层的两面。
优选地，所述粘结剂包括聚合物砂浆粘结剂、聚氨酯胶粘结剂或气凝胶粘结剂。
优选地，所述防火保温板的厚度为65～250mm。
本发明提供了一种防火保温板，包括气凝胶保温隔热层，所述气凝胶保温隔热层的一面复合无机保温层，另一面复合有机保温层。本发明充分利用了无机保温层的防火性能，规避了常规保温板导热系数和容重较高的特性；充分利用有机保温层导热系数及容重较低的特性规避了常规保温板防火等级较低的问题；充分利用了气凝胶保温隔热层的优异的导热系数及防火等级和容重较低的问题、规避了气凝胶保温板价格较高的问题。本发明从构造上结合多种保温材料的优点，规避常规保温板的缺点，是目前综合性能、造价、方面施工上均能达到优异的产品。本发明在不改变现有施工工艺及造价的基础上大幅度降低了防火保温板的整体厚度、重量，同时提高了防火保温板的防火等级及安全性能。从实施例可以看出，本发明提供的防火保温板的抗拉强度为0.1～0.15MPa，抗弯强度为0.25～0.3N/mm2，延伸率≤0.3％，防火等级A2，导热系数为0.024～0.03w/m·k，密度为87.35～96.52kg/m3；相比现有技术一般的防火保温板具有质轻、防火等级高及优异力学性能的优势，能够广泛应用于建筑外墙保温领域。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的防火保温板的结构图；
图中：1为有机保温层，2为气凝胶保温隔热层，3为无机保温层。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种防火保温板，包括气凝胶保温隔热层，所述气凝胶保温隔热层的一面复合无机保温层，另一面复合有机保温层，如图1所示，图中1为有机保温层，2为气凝胶保温隔热层，3为无机保温层。
本发明提供的防火保温板包括气凝胶保温隔热层。在本发明中，所述气凝胶保温隔热层的厚度优选为5～30mm，进一步优选为10～28mm，更优选为15～25mm。在本发明中，所述气凝胶保温隔热层优选为气凝胶保温板、气凝胶保温棉或固态气凝胶保温板。
在本发明中，通过控制气凝保温隔热层的厚度及材质，使气凝胶隔热保温层充分发挥了其优异的导热系数及防火等级和容重较低的特性，同时规避了其价格较高的问题，为防火保温板的保温隔热性能和防火性能提供了保障，同时还使防火保温板具有质轻的优势，且控制了防火保温板的整体成本。
本发明提供的防火保温板包括复合在气凝胶保温隔热层一面的无机保温层。在本发明中，所述无机保温层的厚度优选为30～50mm，进一步优选为35～45mm，更优选为40mm。在本发明中，所述无机保温层的材质优选包括岩棉、发泡混凝土、发泡陶瓷、发泡玻璃或无机砂浆。
本发明通过控制无机保温层的材质及其厚度，使无机保温层充分发挥其防火性能，并规避了其导热系数和容重较高的问题；同时为保持防火保温板的厚度及防火性能提供了保障。
本发明提供的防火保温板包括复合在气凝胶保温隔热层另一面的有机保温层。在本发明中，所述有机保温层的厚度优选为30～200mm，进一步优选为50～180mm，更优选为100～150mm。在本发明中，所述有机保温层的材质优选包括聚苯乙烯泡沫、挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫、酚醛或聚氨酯。
本发明通过控制有机保温层的厚度及材质，使有机保温层充分发挥了其导热系数及容重较低的特性，且规避了其防火等级较低的问题；使整体防火保温板质轻、具有较薄的厚度和优异的保温性能。
本发明提供的防火保温板中，所述有机保温层和无机保温层优选通过用粘结剂粘贴的方法分别复合在气凝胶保温隔热层的两面。在本发明中，所述粘结剂优选包括聚合物砂浆粘结剂、聚氨酯胶粘结剂或气凝胶粘结剂。本发明的粘结剂能够将三层材料紧紧地粘结在一起，使防火保温板形成粘结牢固的整体，在应用时不易滑层，保证了防火保温板性能的发挥。
本发明提供的防火保温板的厚度优选为65～250mm。本发明通过控制防火保温板的最终厚度为65～250mm，保证了防火保温板具有较薄的厚度；同时由于本发明的防火保温板具有优异的保温防火性；使其相比现有技术中的建筑板材具有更广泛的应用范围；而且，在应用时，不需要特殊的施工工艺；施工方法简单。
本发明对所述防火保温板的制备方法没有特殊的限定，采用本领域技术人员熟知的层状结构的制备方法即可。
本发明对所述防火保温板的施工方法没有特殊的限定，采用本领域技术人员熟知的建筑复合板的施工方法即可，具体的如，在防火保温板的一面涂抹薄灰，粘结到所需的界面上即可。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的防火保温板进行详细的说明，但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
一种防火保温板，包括厚度为20mm的气凝胶保温板，复合在气凝胶保温板一面的为厚度为100mm的聚苯乙烯泡沫板，复合在气凝胶保温板另一面的为厚度为50mm的发泡陶瓷板；上述三层板之间通过聚氨酯胶粘结剂贴在一起。
实施例2
一种防火保温板，包括厚度为20mm的气凝胶保温板，复合在气凝胶保温板一面的为厚度为100mm的XPS保温板，复合在气凝胶保温板另一面的为厚度为50mm的无机砂浆保温板；上述三层板之间通过聚合物砂浆粘结剂粘贴在一起。
根据GB/50016-2014测定实施例1～2提供的防火保温板的力学性能，测试结果为：实施例1中防火保温板的抗拉强度为0.1MPa，抗弯强度为0.27N/mm2，延伸率为≤0.3％；实施例2中防火保温板的抗拉强度为0.1MPa，抗弯强度为0.3N/mm2，延伸率为≤0.3％。
根据GB/50016-2014标准，测试实施例1～2提供的防火保温板的防火等级，测试结果为：实施例1中防火保温板的防火等级为A2，实施例2中防火保温板的防火等级为A2。
根据GB/50016-2014标准，测试实施例1～2提供的防火保温板的保温性能，测试结果为：实施例1中防火保温板的导热系数为0.024w/m·k，实施例2中防火保温板的导热系数为0.027w/m·k。说明本发明提供的防火保温板具有优异的保温隔热性能。
根据GB/50016-2014标准，测试实施例1～2提供的防火保温板的密度，测试结果为：实施例1中防火保温板的密度96.25kg/m3，实施例2中防火保温板的密度为87.35kg/m3。由此说明，本发明提供的防火保温板具有质轻的特点。
从实施例可以看出，本发明提供的防火保温板相比现有技术一般的防火保温板具有质轻、防火等级高及优异力学性能的优势，能够广泛应用于建筑外墙保温领域。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种防火保温板，包括气凝胶保温隔热层，其特征在于，所述气凝胶保温隔热层的一面复合无机保温层，另一面复合有机保温层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述无机保温层的材质包括岩棉、发泡混凝土、发泡陶瓷、发泡玻璃或无机砂浆。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的防火保温层，其特征在于，所述无机保温层的厚度为30～50mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述有机保温层的材质包括聚苯乙烯泡沫、挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫、酚醛或聚氨酯。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的保温防火层，其特征在于，所述有机保温层的厚度为30～200mm。
6.根据权利要求1或2或4任一项所述的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述气凝胶保温隔热层为气凝胶保温板、气凝胶保温棉或固态气凝胶保温板。
7.根据权利要求6所述的保温防火层，其特征在于，所述气凝胶保温隔热层的厚度为5～30mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述有机保温层和无机保温层通过用粘结剂粘贴的方法分别复合在气凝胶防火隔热层的两面。
9.根据权利要求8所述的防火保温层，其特征在于，所述粘结剂包括聚合物砂浆粘结剂、聚氨酯胶粘结剂或气凝胶粘结剂。
10.根据权利要求1所述的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述防火保温板的厚度为65～250mm。
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