CN109396715B - Welding positioning device and welding process for ship deck bolt mounting column - Google Patents
Welding positioning device and welding process for ship deck bolt mounting column Download PDFInfo
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- CN109396715B CN109396715B CN201811280450.5A CN201811280450A CN109396715B CN 109396715 B CN109396715 B CN 109396715B CN 201811280450 A CN201811280450 A CN 201811280450A CN 109396715 B CN109396715 B CN 109396715B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding positioning device for a bolt mounting column of a ship deck, which can select to completely bury the bolt mounting column into a deck, partially bury the bolt mounting column into the deck or completely expose the bolt mounting column on the deck according to requirements to position by arranging a fully-buried tool, a semi-buried tool and a fully-exposed tool, so that various different mounting modes of the bolt mounting column on the ship deck with different requirements are met, and the three tools are all suitable for the bolt mounting column with a threaded mounting hole, so that secondary scribing is not needed after the bolt mounting column is positioned, the threaded mounting hole does not need to be machined on the deck site, the operation is convenient, and the precision is higher. The invention also discloses a welding process of the ship deck bolt mounting column, which is characterized in that the bolt mounting column is positioned on the deck in three different forms by using three tools and then welded, so that the operation is simple and the assembly precision is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to assembly of ship outfitting parts, in particular to a welding tool and a welding process for a ship deck bolt mounting column.
Background
When carrying out test projects in the deck of boats and ships, test area etc. bolt erection column need be installed in advance on the deck of boats and ships, all need set up the screw thread mounting hole on these bolt erection columns, provide interim atress mounting point for experimental facilities's construction bolt, these bolt erection columns as atress mounting point are not only huge in quantity, and the assembly precision requires highly, still need install in different node position when the pre-installation, for example, some bolt erection columns need all to bury in the deck, some bolt erection column parts bury in the deck, and some bolt erection columns are all located the deck in addition.
At present, when the bolt mounting columns are assembled, no matter what mounting mode is used for installation, the bolt mounting columns which are not provided with the threaded mounting holes are firstly assembled on a deck, secondary scribing is carried out on the bolt mounting columns after the assembly is finished, the centers of the threaded mounting holes are confirmed, then tapping is carried out to form the threaded mounting holes, and secondary positioning errors are easy to generate; and the operation is difficult in the drilling and tapping process, and the precision deviation is easy to generate.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a welding positioning device and a welding process for a ship deck bolt mounting column, so as to improve welding precision and reduce operation difficulty.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
a weld dress positioner of boats and ships deck bolt erection column includes:
the fully-embedded tool is used for completely embedding the bolt mounting columns into welding holes which are pre-processed on a deck, and comprises a first positioning piece and a movable bolt, wherein the first positioning piece is provided with a positioning surface for enabling the positioning piece to be attached to the upper surface of the deck and a first auxiliary threaded hole which is perpendicular to the positioning surface, and a blocking area is arranged on the positioning surface; the movable bolt is used for sequentially matching and penetrating a first auxiliary threaded hole in the first positioning piece and a processed threaded mounting hole in the bolt mounting column during assembly, and adjusting the axial position of the embedded bolt mounting column to enable the upper end face of the bolt mounting column to abut against the blocking area of the positioning face.
The semi-embedded type tool comprises a movable screw rod for driving the bolt mounting column to move in the vertical direction, a mounting part for mounting the movable screw rod, a supporting part for supporting the mounting part and an adjusting component for adjusting the verticality of the movable screw rod, wherein the adjusting component is arranged between the mounting part and the supporting part, the mounting part is provided with a first measuring instrument for judging whether the movable screw rod is in a vertical state or not, the mounting part is provided with a second auxiliary threaded hole, the movable screw rod is arranged in the second auxiliary threaded hole in a penetrating mode in a matching mode during welding, the supporting part is provided with a lower through hole for the bolt mounting column to penetrate through, and the bottom end of the movable screw rod is inserted into the machined threaded mounting hole of the bolt mounting column in a matching mode during welding, and the bolt mounting column is driven to penetrate through the lower through hole and then inserted into the welding hole.
The fully exposed tooling is used for enabling the bolt mounting column to be plumbed and positioned on the deck in a fully exposed mode, and comprises a second positioning part, a second measuring instrument and an adjusting part, wherein the second positioning part comprises a positioning part and a supporting part used for supporting the positioning part, the outer edge of the positioning part exceeds the outer edge of the supporting part, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the area, exceeding the outer edge of the supporting part, of the positioning part, the supporting part is placed on the deck during welding, and the positioning holes are used for enabling the bolt mounting column to penetrate through in a matched mode during welding; the second measuring instrument is used for judging whether the positioning hole is in a plumb state or not, and the second measuring instrument is arranged on the second positioning piece during welding; the adjusting piece is used for adjusting the verticality of the positioning hole and is arranged on the second positioning piece during welding.
Optionally, in the fully-embedded tool, a connecting line of any two points on the outer contour of the positioning surface is used as a width line, the width line passes through the center of the first auxiliary threaded hole, and the length of at least one width line in all the width lines is smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt mounting column.
Optionally, in the half-embedded tool, the adjusting assembly is circumferentially arranged around the second auxiliary threaded hole, and includes an upper screw rod, a threaded sleeve and a lower screw rod which are sequentially connected, the rotation directions of the upper screw rod and the lower screw rod are opposite, one end of the upper screw rod is hinged to the mounting member, the other end of the upper screw rod is arranged in the threaded sleeve in a matching manner, one end of the lower screw rod is hinged to the supporting member, and the other end of the lower screw rod is arranged in the threaded sleeve in a matching manner.
Optionally, the first measuring instrument and the second measuring instrument comprise a horizontal bubble or a horizontal ruler, a first installation plane which is perpendicular to the axis of the second auxiliary threaded hole is arranged on the installation part, the first measuring instrument is installed on the first installation surface, a second installation plane is arranged on the second positioning piece, the second measuring instrument is arranged on the second installation plane when being welded, and the positioning hole is perpendicular to the second installation plane.
The welding and assembling process for the ship deck bolt mounting column adopts any one of the welding and assembling positioning devices during welding and assembling, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation before assembly:
s2, the positioning bolt mounting column comprises:
a) use and bury the bolt erection column totally in the welding dress hole of preprocessing on the deck totally by burying formula frock totally:
a1) sequentially penetrating a movable bolt through a first auxiliary threaded hole in a first positioning piece and a threaded mounting hole in a bolt mounting column, and adjusting the axial position of the embedded bolt mounting column to enable the upper end face of the bolt mounting column to be welded to abut against a blocking area of a positioning face, so that the bolt mounting column is positioned on the fully embedded tooling;
a2) moving the whole full-embedded tool to enable the bolt mounting column positioned on the full-embedded tool to be inserted into a pre-processed welding hole, wherein the positioning surface is attached to the surface of a deck under the self-weight action of the whole full-embedded tool;
a3) welding a bolt mounting column on the fully-embedded tool on a deck;
a4) rotating the movable bolt to detach the whole fully-embedded tool from the deck;
b) the bolt mounting column part is embedded into a welding hole which is processed in advance on a deck by using a semi-embedded type tool:
b1) mounting a bolt mounting column at the bottom end of a movable screw, and placing the whole semi-embedded type tool on a deck to enable the movable screw to be over against a target welding hole;
b2) judging whether the movable screw is in a vertical state through a first measuring instrument, and adjusting the adjusting assembly until the movable screw is in the vertical state; rotating the movable screw to enable the movable screw to drive the bolt mounting column to be inserted into the prefabricated welding hole until the exposed height of the bolt mounting column is equal to the target height;
b3) welding a bolt mounting column on the semi-embedded tool on a deck;
b4) rotating the movable screw rod to detach the whole semi-embedded type tool from the deck;
c) positioning the bolt mounting columns on the deck in a way that the bolt mounting columns are all exposed by using a full-exposed tool;
c1) placing the whole fully-exposed tool on a deck, and placing the bolt mounting column into a positioning hole of the fully-exposed tool so as to enable the bolt mounting column to be located at a target mounting position;
c2) judging whether the positioning hole is in a vertical state through a second measuring instrument, and adjusting the adjusting piece until the positioning hole is in the vertical state;
c3) welding the bolt mounting column in the positioning hole on a deck;
c4) and moving the whole fully-exposed tool upwards to detach the whole fully-exposed tool from the deck.
Optionally, the preparation before assembly in step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
① marking, marking an initial reference line on a deck by taking a processed plane without allowance on the ship as a reference, projecting on the deck by using a total station and taking the reference line as a reference to form a transverse reference line and a longitudinal reference line, forming rectangular array mark points by taking the transverse reference line and the longitudinal reference line as reference marks, and snapping lines by taking each mark point as a reference to form a grid line shaped like a Chinese character 'tian';
② punching, punching at the cross point of the grid line;
③ drawing a boundary circle and a check circle with the cross point as the center of the circle, the diameter of the boundary circle is equal to that of the bolt mounting column;
④ drilling holes, drilling holes at the cross of the mounting post of the full-embedded bolt and the semi-embedded bolt, controlling the drill bit to make the outer surface of the drill bit coincide with the boundary circle and make the distances between the outer surface of the drill bit and the boundary circle equal.
Optionally, in step c1), the bolt mounting post being in the target mounting position means that the outer edge of the bottom surface of the bolt mounting post overlaps the boundary circle.
Optionally, in step ④, after drilling, the precision of the drilled hole is checked by using a check circle, if the position error exceeds 1.2mm, reaming correction is performed, if the diameter error exceeds 1mm, the drill bit needs to be replaced, and drilling is performed again until the precision requirement is met, which is beneficial to improving the welding precision.
Optionally, step S3 is further included, in the welded bolt mounting column, for the bolt mounting column which is completely embedded or semi-embedded on the deck, welding a reinforcing bracket between the deck and the bolt mounting column, and welding the reinforcing bracket and a preset bone plate at the bottom of the deck into a whole, so that the whole bolt mounting column can be more reliably positioned on the deck.
Optionally, in the step c3), a split symmetric welding method is adopted during welding, and in the step a3) and the step b3), the welding steps are as follows:
firstly, welding the connecting position of a bolt mounting column and the upper surface of a deck, and adopting a split-center symmetric welding method;
secondly, welding the connecting position of the bolt mounting column and the lower surface of the deck by adopting a split-center symmetric welding method;
thirdly, welding the connecting position of the reinforcing toggle plate and the bolt mounting column from bottom to top;
and fourthly, welding the connecting positions of the reinforced toggle plate, the bone plate and the deck, and carrying out downward welding and upward welding.
As described above, the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects:
according to the welding positioning device for the ship deck bolt mounting column, the full-embedded tool, the half-embedded tool and the full-exposed tool are arranged, so that the bolt mounting column can be completely embedded into the deck, partially embedded into the deck or completely exposed on the deck to be positioned according to requirements, different mounting modes of the bolt mounting column on the ship deck with different requirements are met, the three tools are all suitable for the bolt mounting column with the threaded mounting hole, secondary scribing is not needed after the bolt mounting column is positioned, the threaded mounting hole does not need to be machined on the deck on site, the operation is convenient, and the precision is higher.
According to the welding process of the ship deck bolt mounting column, the bolt mounting column is positioned on the deck in three different forms by using three tools and then welded, so that the operation is simple, and the assembling precision is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a welding structure of a bolt mounting column fully embedded in a deck.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a welding structure of the bolt installation column part embedded into the deck.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the welded structure with the bolt mounting post fully exposed on the deck;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fully-embedded tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the first positioning member of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a bolt mounting post secured to a fully embedded tool;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the position of the fully-embedded tool and the position of the deck;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a semi-embedded tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the mount of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the support member of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the semi-embedded tool and the deck during use;
FIG. 12 is a top view of the fully exposed tooling of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between the position of the fully exposed tooling and the position of a deck in use;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a lateral reference line and a longitudinal reference line;
FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of a bit marked dot matrix array mark;
FIG. 17 is a stitch diagram of the position of the bullet;
fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the check circle and the boundary circle.
Description of reference numerals in the examples: bolt mounting post a, threaded mounting hole a1, deck B, reinforced toggle plate C, first positioning member 11, movable bolt 12, center member 111, shroud 112, first auxiliary threaded hole 111a, positioning surface 112a, blocking area 112B, first side plate 112C, second side plate 112d, third side plate 112e, fourth side plate 112f, movable screw 21, mounting member 22, support member 23, adjustment assembly 24, height measuring member 25, upper seat half 221, nut 222, first measuring instrument 223, first mounting plane 22a, second auxiliary threaded hole 22B, magnetic block 231, lower through hole 232, upper screw 241, threaded sleeve 242, lower screw 243, second positioning member 31, second measuring instrument 32, adjusting member 33, positioning portion 311, support portion 312, panel 311a, reinforcing plate 311B, positioning hole 31a, transverse datum line B1, longitudinal datum line 2, inspection circle B3, and boundary circle B4.
Detailed Description
The structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described in the specification are for understanding and reading the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined in the claims, and are not essential to the skilled in the art. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.
The following exemplary embodiments are provided to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification.
The welding and positioning device for the bolt mounting column of the deck of the ship comprises a full-embedded tool, a semi-embedded tool and a full-bolt tool, wherein the full-embedded tool is used for completely embedding the bolt mounting column into a welding and mounting hole which is processed on the deck in advance, the semi-embedded tool is used for partially embedding the bolt mounting column into the welding and mounting hole which is processed on the deck in advance, the full-exposed tool is used for vertically and completely exposing and positioning the bolt mounting column on the deck,
referring to fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the fully-embedded tool comprises a first positioning member 11 and a movable bolt 12, wherein the first positioning member 11 is provided with a positioning surface 112a for the first positioning member 11 to be attached to the upper surface of the deck and a first auxiliary threaded hole 111a perpendicular to the positioning surface 112a, and a blocking area 112b is arranged on the positioning surface 112 a; the movable bolt 12 is used for sequentially passing through the first auxiliary threaded hole 111a on the positioning member and the threaded mounting hole a1 processed on the bolt mounting post a in a matching manner during assembly, and adjusting the axial position of the embedded bolt mounting post, so that the upper end face of the bolt mounting post a abuts against the blocking area 112b of the positioning surface 112 a.
When the bolt mounting column A needs to be completely embedded into a deck for welding, firstly, the movable bolt 12 penetrates through and is installed in the first auxiliary threaded hole 111a on the first positioning piece 11, the bolt mounting column A is installed on the movable bolt 12, the bolt mounting column A, the movable bolt 12 and the first positioning piece 11 are assembled into a whole, and the position of the bolt mounting column A is adjusted, so that the end face, close to the first positioning piece 11, of the bolt mounting column A abuts against the blocking area 112b of the positioning face 112 a; then, the bolt mounting column A is placed in a drilled hole on a ship deck B, so that the positioning surface 112a of the first positioning piece 11 is attached to the upper surface of the deck B, and the end surface of the bolt mounting column A can be flush with the surface of the deck B; and then the deck B and the bolt mounting column A are welded and fixed, and finally the movable bolt 12 is screwed, so that the movable bolt 12 drives the first positioning piece 11 to be separated from the bolt mounting column A, and welding is finished. When the fully-embedded welding tool is used, installation can be completed without secondary scribing and tapping on the deck B, the operation is more convenient, the upper surface of the deck is used as reference positioning, and the installation precision is higher.
Referring to fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11, the semi-embedded tooling includes a movable screw 21 for driving the bolt mounting post a to move in a vertical direction, a mounting member 22 for mounting the movable screw 21, a supporting member 23 for supporting the mounting member 22, and an adjusting member 24 for adjusting the verticality of the movable screw 21, the adjusting member 24 is disposed between the mounting member 22 and the supporting member 23, the mounting member 22 is provided with a first measuring instrument 223 for determining whether the movable screw 21 is in a vertical state, the mounting member 22 is provided with a second auxiliary threaded hole 22b, the movable screw 21 is inserted into the second auxiliary threaded hole 22b during welding, the supporting member 23 is provided with a lower through hole 232 for the bolt mounting post to pass through, the bottom end of the movable screw 21 is inserted into a threaded mounting hole a1 processed on the bolt mounting post a during welding, and drives the bolt mounting post a to pass through the lower through hole 232 and then to be inserted into the welding hole.
When the bolt mounting column part needs to be embedded into a deck for welding, the movable screw 21 is firstly penetrated into the second auxiliary threaded hole 22b, and the bolt mounting column A is mounted at the bottom end of the movable screw 21; then, the whole semi-embedded type tool and the bolt installation column A are arranged right above a drilled welding hole on a deck, the verticality of the movable screw 21 is adjusted through the adjusting assembly 24 until the movable screw 21 is in a vertical device according to the result of the first measuring instrument 223, namely, the bolt installation column A is in a vertical state, then the movable screw 21 is rotated, the bolt installation column A is partially embedded into the deck B, and the height of the bolt installation column A exposed outside the deck B is consistent with the target height; welding the bolt mounting column A on the deck B; finally, the movable screw 21 is reversed, so that the whole half-embedded type tool is separated from the bolt mounting column A, and welding is completed. By adopting the semi-embedded type tooling positioning bolt mounting column, the mounting can be completed without secondary scribing, and the verticality precision after mounting is higher.
Referring to fig. 11, 12 and 13, the fully exposed tooling includes a second positioning element 31, a second measuring instrument 32 and an adjusting element 33, where the second positioning element 31 includes a positioning portion 311 and a supporting portion 312 for supporting the positioning portion 311, an outer edge of the positioning portion 311 exceeds an outer edge of the supporting portion 312, a plurality of positioning holes 31a are provided on the positioning portion 311 in a region exceeding the outer edge of the supporting portion 312, the supporting portion 312 is placed on a deck during welding, and the positioning holes 31a are used for cooperatively penetrating through the bolt mounting post a during welding; the second measuring instrument 32 is used for determining whether the positioning hole 31a is in a vertical state, and the second measuring instrument 32 is arranged on the second positioning element 31 during welding; the adjusting member 33 is used for adjusting the verticality of the positioning hole 31a, and the adjusting member 33 is disposed on the second positioning member 31 during welding.
When the bolt mounting columns are required to be completely exposed and positioned on the deck for welding, the whole fully-exposed tool is placed on the deck B, the supporting part 312 is contacted with the deck B, the bolt mounting columns A to be welded penetrate through the positioning holes 31a, one end of the bolt mounting columns A falls on the deck B under the action of self weight, and the bolt mounting columns A are aligned to the target welding position displayed by the first marking according to the position of the first marking; and then, the verticality of the positioning hole 31a is adjusted by using the adjusting piece 33 until the display result of the second measuring instrument 32 can show that the positioning hole 31a is in a vertical state, spot welding and fixing are carried out, and finally the exposed tooling is taken out upwards, so that welding is completed. When the mounting column of the positioning bolt of the full-exposed tool is adopted, the positioning can be completed without secondary scribing and tapping, the whole mounting column of the bolt can be positioned vertically, the welding precision is high, the positioning hole 31a is arranged in the area, exceeding the edge of the supporting part 312, of the positioning part 311, and after the positioning is completed, the positioning can be directly welded, and the operation is convenient.
In an optional embodiment, in the fully-embedded tool, a connecting line of any two points on the outer contour of the positioning surface 112a is used as a width line, the width line passes through the center of the first auxiliary threaded hole 111a, and the length of at least one width line of all the width lines is smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt mounting column, so that when the bolt mounting column moves along the movable bolt 12 to the direction of the first positioning member 11, no matter what structure is adopted inside the first positioning member 11, the end surface of the bolt mounting column is effectively limited by the positioning surface 112a, so that the blocking area 112b is effectively formed.
In an alternative embodiment, in the fully embedded tool, referring to fig. 5, the first positioning member 11 includes a central member 111 and a surrounding plate 112 surrounding the central member 111, the positioning surface 112a is an end surface of the surrounding plate 112, and the first auxiliary threaded hole 111a is provided in the central member 111.
In an alternative embodiment, in the fully-embedded tool, referring to fig. 5, the central part 111 is a nut, and the nut is a standard part, so that the cost of the whole tool can be lower.
In an alternative embodiment, in the fully-embedded tooling, referring to fig. 5, the enclosing plate 112 includes a first side plate 112c and a second side plate 112d, the first side plate 112c and the second side plate 112d are respectively fixed on two sides of the central member 111, so that an operating space can be provided for welding by the arrangement of the enclosing plate 112 in such a manner that an operating space is formed between the first side plate 112c and the second side plate 112d, and after a lower welding seam of a lower surface of a deck of a ship is welded, an upper welding seam of an upper surface of the deck can be directly welded, which is more convenient to operate.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the first side plate 112c and the second side plate 112d are parallel, and the distance between the outer wall of the first side plate 112c and the outer wall of the second side plate 112d is less than the outer diameter of the buried bolt mounting post.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the enclosing plate 112 further includes a third side plate 112e and a fourth side plate 112f, the third side plate 112e and the fourth side plate 112f are distributed on two sides of the central member 111, the third side plate 112e is connected between the first side plate 112c and the second side plate 112d, and the fourth side plate 112f is connected between the first side plate 112c and the second side plate 112d, so that the stability of the whole enclosing plate 112 can be improved, that is, the mechanical performance of the first positioning member 11 can be improved.
In an alternative embodiment, in the semi-embedded tool, fig. 8 and 11, the adjusting assembly 24 is circumferentially arranged with the second auxiliary threaded hole 22b as a center, the adjusting assembly 24 includes an upper screw 241, a threaded sleeve 242 and a lower screw 243 which are connected in sequence, the rotation directions of the upper screw 241 and the lower screw 243 are opposite, one end of the upper screw 241 is hinged on the mounting member 22, the other end of the upper screw is fittingly arranged in the threaded sleeve 242, one end of the lower screw 243 is hinged on the supporting member 23, and the other end of the lower screw is fittingly arranged in the threaded sleeve 242. During adjustment, the whole length of each group of adjusting components 24 can be adjusted only by rotating the threaded sleeve 242, so that the levelness of the mounting part 22 is adjusted, namely the verticality of the movable screw 21 is adjusted, and the operation is convenient.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 8 and 11, the distance from the hinge position of the upper screw 241 to the second auxiliary threaded hole 22b is smaller than the distance from the hinge position of the lower screw 243 to the second auxiliary threaded hole 22b, so that the whole welding assembly is in a polygonal frustum shape and has a more stable structure, and when the adjusting assemblies 24 are in three groups, the whole welding assembly is in a triangular frustum shape and is more stable and reliable.
In an alternative embodiment, see fig. 8, the support 23 comprises a lower seat plate, under which a magnetic block 231 is arranged for attracting the entire welding fixture to the deck. The stable setting of whole frock can be quick and at the target location or pull down convenient operation.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the mounting member 22 includes an upper seat plate 221 and a nut 222 disposed on the upper seat plate 221, the upper seat plate 221 is provided with an upper through hole, the nut 222 is disposed concentrically with the upper through hole, and the movable screw 21 is disposed in the nut 222 in a fitting manner. The mounting member 22 of this structure is formed by cutting the upper seat plate 221 from a plate material, and the nut 222 is a standard component, so that the mounting member 22 can be manufactured in a small number of processes and at low cost.
In an alternative embodiment, see fig. 8, the semi-buried tool further comprises a height measuring member 25 for measuring the height of the bolt mounting post a exposed outside the deck B. In the concrete implementation process, this height measurement piece 25 can adopt the square, and this square can set up independently, and this height measurement piece 25 still can adopt linear scale etc. as long as can measure the height dimension that bolt erection column A exposes outside deck B.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 8, 12 and 13, the first measuring instrument 223 and the second measuring instrument 32 comprise a level bulb or level, the mounting member 22 is provided with a first mounting plane 22a perpendicular to the axis of the auxiliary threaded hole, the first measuring instrument is mounted on the first mounting plane 22a, the second positioning member 31 is provided with a second mounting plane, the second measuring instrument is disposed on the second mounting plane during welding, and the positioning hole 31a is perpendicular to the second mounting plane. When the semi-embedded tool is used, if the horizontal bubble or the horizontal ruler shows that the first installation plane 22a is horizontal, the movable screw 21 can be judged to be in a vertical state, otherwise, the adjusting assembly 24 needs to be continuously adjusted until the horizontal bubble shows that the first installation plane 22a is in a water state; similarly, when the fully exposed tool is used, if the horizontal blister level indicates that the second mounting plane is horizontal, it can be determined that the positioning hole 31a is in a vertical state, that is, the bolt mounting post is in a vertical state. The horizontal bubble is adopted as the measuring instrument, so that the cost is low, and whether the bolt mounting column is in a plumb state or not can be judged quickly and visually. In specific real-time process, this level bubble or spirit level can fixed mounting on first mounting plane 22a and second mounting plane, also can directly place on first mounting plane 22a and second mounting plane, when directly placing, can be through changing the position of placing, is in the level when the mounting plane that many places judgement corresponds for final welding precision is higher.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 12, 13, and 14, the adjusting member 33 is an adjusting bolt, the positioning member is provided with a threaded through hole, the adjusting bolt is fittingly inserted into the threaded through hole, the number of the adjusting bolts is at least 3, and at least one adjusting bolt can form a triangular distribution with two adjusting bolts of the remaining adjusting bolts. During adjustment, the verticality of the positioning hole 31a can be changed by only rotating the adjusting bolt according to the display result of the second measuring instrument 32 to change the relative position of the adjusting bolt and the threaded through hole.
In an alternative embodiment, in the fully exposed tooling, referring to fig. 12 and 13, the positioning portion 311 includes a face plate 311a and a reinforcing plate 311b, an edge of the face plate 311a exceeds an edge of the supporting portion 312, the reinforcing plate 311b is disposed on the face plate 311a in a region exceeding the edge of the supporting portion 312, and the positioning hole 31a penetrates through the face plate 311a and the reinforcing plate 311 b. This reinforcing plate 311b can increase the area of contact of bolt erection column and locating hole 31a, makes the location more reliable, is favorable to improving the dress precision of welding. Specifically, the panel 311a may be a rectangular panel 311a having four corners, each corner is provided with one positioning hole 31a, all the positioning holes 31a are distributed in a rectangular array, at this time, the panel 311a has four positioning holes 31a, and as long as the positions of the positioning holes 31a are matched with the scribing positions, the installation of 4 bolt installation columns can be completed by using a fully exposed tool at a time, so that the installation efficiency is high.
The welding process of the ship deck bolt mounting column adopts any one of the welding positioning tools during welding, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation before assembly:
s2, the positioning bolt mounting column comprises:
a) referring to fig. 4, 5 and 7, the bolt mounting post a is completely embedded in a welding hole which is prefabricated on the deck B by using a full-embedded tool:
a1) sequentially penetrating a movable bolt 12 through a first auxiliary threaded hole 111a on the first positioning piece 11 and a threaded mounting hole A1 on the bolt mounting column A, and adjusting the axial position of the embedded bolt mounting column A to enable the upper end face of the bolt mounting column A to be welded to abut against a blocking area 112b of the positioning surface 112a, so that the bolt mounting column A is positioned on the fully embedded tool;
a2) moving the whole fully-embedded tool to insert the bolt mounting column A positioned on the fully-embedded tool into a pre-processed welding hole, wherein the positioning surface 112a is attached to the surface of the deck B under the self-weight action of the whole fully-embedded tool;
a3) welding a bolt mounting column A on the fully-embedded tool on a deck B;
a4) rotating the movable bolt 12 to detach the whole fully-embedded tool from the deck B;
b) referring to fig. 8 and 11, the bolt mounting column a is partially embedded in a welding hole which is processed in advance on the deck B by using a semi-embedded tool:
b1) mounting the bolt mounting column A at the bottom end of the movable screw 21, and placing the whole semi-embedded type tool on the deck B to ensure that the movable screw 21 is over against the target welding hole;
b2) judging whether the movable screw 21 is in a vertical state by the first measuring instrument 223, and adjusting the adjusting assembly 24 until the movable screw 21 is in the vertical state; rotating the movable screw 21 to enable the movable screw 21 to drive the bolt mounting column B to be inserted into the prefabricated welding hole until the exposed height of the bolt mounting column is equal to the target height;
b3) welding a bolt mounting column A on the semi-embedded tool on a deck B;
b4) rotating the movable screw 21 to detach the whole semi-embedded type tool from the deck B;
c) referring to fig. 12, 13 and 14, the bolt mounting post a is completely exposed and positioned on the deck B by using a fully exposed tool;
c1) placing the whole fully-exposed tool on a deck B, and placing a bolt mounting column A into a positioning hole 31a of the fully-exposed tool to enable the bolt mounting column A to be located at a target mounting position;
c2) judging whether the positioning hole 31a is in a vertical state by the second measuring instrument 32, and adjusting the adjusting piece 33 until the positioning hole 31a is in the vertical state;
c3) welding the bolt mounting column A positioned in the positioning hole 31a on the deck B;
c4) and moving the whole fully-exposed tool upwards to detach the whole fully-exposed tool from the deck B.
According to the welding method, three different welding tools are used for dealing with three different welding modes, and the tools are removed after welding is completed, so that a bolt mounting column has a reference standard when being mounted in any one of the three modes, and the mounting precision is higher.
Optionally, the preparation before assembly in step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
① marking, marking an initial reference line on the deck by taking a processed plane without allowance on the ship as a reference, referring to fig. 15, projecting and forming a transverse reference line B1 and a longitudinal reference line B2 on the deck by using a total station and taking the reference line as a reference, referring to fig. 16, forming rectangular array mark points by taking the transverse reference line B1 and the longitudinal reference line B2 as reference marks, referring to fig. 17, snapping lines by taking each mark point as a reference, and forming a grid line shaped like Chinese character tian;
② punching, punching at the cross point of the grid line;
③ referring to fig. 18, a boundary circle B4 and a check circle B3 are drawn with the cross point as the center, the diameter of the boundary circle B4 being equal to the diameter of the bolt mounting post a;
④ drilling holes, drilling holes at the cross of the mounting post of the full-embedded bolt and the half-embedded bolt, controlling the drill bit to make the outer surface of the drill bit coincide with the boundary circle B4 and make the distances between the outer surface of the drill bit and the boundary circle B4 equal.
The steps of preparation before assembly are used for process control by using a total station, a boundary circle B4 and a check circle B3, so that the assembly precision is higher.
In an alternative embodiment, in step c1), the bolt mounting post being in the target mounting position means that the outer edge of the bolt mounting post bottom surface overlaps the boundary circle B4.
In an alternative embodiment, before scribing in step ①, the flatness of the surface of the deck is checked in a partitioned manner, the local flatness is controlled within +/-3 mm, the overall flatness is controlled within +/-5 mm, and the out-of-tolerance area is subjected to fire-tapping correction.
In an alternative embodiment, in step ①, the width of the stitch formed by the single elasticity of the elastic thread is within 1mm, and the height of the elastic thread from the deck is within 1 mm.
In an optional embodiment, in step ②, the precision of the sample punching point is controlled within ± 1mm, after the sample punching is completed, a total station is used for performing sample punching position precision inspection, and the out-of-tolerance sample punching electricity is corrected, which is beneficial to improving the welding precision.
In an optional embodiment, in step ④, after drilling, the precision of the drilled hole is checked by using a check circle B3, if the position error exceeds 1.2mm, reaming correction is performed, and if the diameter error exceeds 1mm, the drill bit needs to be replaced, and drilling is performed again until the precision requirement is met, which is beneficial to improving the welding precision.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the soldering process of the present invention further includes the steps of:
and S3, welding a reinforcing elbow plate c between the deck and the bolt mounting column for the bolt mounting column which is totally embedded or semi-embedded on the deck in the welded bolt mounting column, and welding the reinforcing elbow plate c and a bone plate preset at the bottom of the deck into a whole, so that the whole bolt mounting column can be positioned on the deck more reliably.
In an alternative embodiment, in step a3) and step b3), the welding step is as follows:
firstly, welding the connecting position of a bolt mounting column and the upper surface of a deck, and adopting a split-center symmetric welding method;
secondly, welding the connecting position of the bolt mounting column and the lower surface of the deck by adopting a split-center symmetric welding method;
thirdly, welding the connecting position of the reinforcing toggle plate c and the bolt mounting column from bottom to top;
and fourthly, welding the connecting positions of the reinforced toggle plate c, the bone plate and the deck, and carrying out downward and upward welding.
With this welding method, the positional deformation caused by welding can be made smaller.
In an alternative embodiment, step c3) uses a split symmetric welding method for welding.
Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a welding dress positioner of boats and ships deck bolt erection column which characterized in that includes:
the fully-embedded tool is used for completely embedding the bolt mounting columns into welding holes which are pre-processed on a deck, and comprises a first positioning piece and a movable bolt, wherein the first positioning piece is provided with a positioning surface for enabling the positioning piece to be attached to the upper surface of the deck and a first auxiliary threaded hole which is perpendicular to the positioning surface, and a blocking area is arranged on the positioning surface; the movable bolt is used for sequentially passing through a first auxiliary threaded hole in the first positioning piece and a machined threaded mounting hole in the bolt mounting column in a matched mode during assembly, and adjusting the axial position of the embedded bolt mounting column to enable the upper end face of the bolt mounting column to abut against the blocking area of the positioning face;
the semi-embedded type tool comprises a movable screw rod for driving the bolt mounting column to move in the vertical direction, a mounting part for mounting the movable screw rod, a supporting part for supporting the mounting part and an adjusting component for adjusting the verticality of the movable screw rod, wherein the adjusting component is arranged between the mounting part and the supporting part, the mounting part is provided with a first measuring instrument for judging whether the movable screw rod is in a vertical state or not, the mounting part is provided with a second auxiliary threaded hole, the movable screw rod is arranged in the second auxiliary threaded hole in a penetrating mode in a matching mode during welding, the supporting part is provided with a lower through hole for the bolt mounting column to penetrate through, and the bottom end of the movable screw rod is inserted into the machined threaded mounting hole of the bolt mounting column in a matching mode during welding, and the bolt mounting column is driven to pass through the lower through hole and then inserted into the welding hole;
the fully exposed tooling is used for enabling the bolt mounting column to be plumbed and positioned on the deck in a fully exposed mode, and comprises a second positioning part, a second measuring instrument and an adjusting part, wherein the second positioning part comprises a positioning part and a supporting part used for supporting the positioning part, the outer edge of the positioning part exceeds the outer edge of the supporting part, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the area, exceeding the outer edge of the supporting part, of the positioning part, the supporting part is placed on the deck during welding, and the positioning holes are used for enabling the bolt mounting column to penetrate through in a matched mode during welding; the second measuring instrument is used for judging whether the positioning hole is in a plumb state or not, and the second measuring instrument is arranged on the second positioning piece during welding; the adjusting piece is used for adjusting the verticality of the positioning hole and is arranged on the second positioning piece during welding.
2. The welding positioning device for the ship deck bolt mounting column according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fully-embedded tool, a connecting line of any two points on the outer contour of the positioning surface is used as a width line, the width line passes through the center of the first auxiliary threaded hole, and the length of at least one width line in all the width lines is smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt mounting column.
3. The welding positioning device for the ship deck bolt mounting column according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the semi-embedded type tool, the adjusting component is circumferentially arranged by taking the second auxiliary threaded hole as a center, and comprises an upper screw rod, a threaded sleeve and a lower screw rod which are sequentially connected, the rotating directions of the upper screw rod and the lower screw rod are opposite, one end of the upper screw rod is hinged on the mounting part, the other end of the upper screw rod is arranged in the threaded sleeve in a matched mode, one end of the lower screw rod is hinged on the supporting part, and the other end of the lower screw rod is arranged in the threaded sleeve in a matched mode.
4. The welding positioning device for the ship deck bolt mounting column according to claim 1, characterized in that: first measuring apparatu and second measuring apparatu include level bubble or level bar, be provided with on the installed part with the supplementary screw hole axis mutually perpendicular's of second first mounting surface, first measuring apparatu is installed on the first mounting surface, be provided with second mounting surface on the second setting element, the second measuring apparatu set up when welding the dress in on the second mounting surface, the locating hole perpendicular to the second mounting surface.
5. A welding and assembling process for ship deck bolt mounting columns is characterized in that the welding and assembling positioning device of any one of claims 1-4 is adopted during welding and assembling, and the welding and assembling process comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation before assembly:
s2, the positioning bolt mounting column comprises:
a) use and bury the bolt erection column totally in the welding dress hole of preprocessing on the deck totally by burying formula frock totally:
a1) sequentially penetrating a movable bolt through a first auxiliary threaded hole in a first positioning piece and a threaded mounting hole in a bolt mounting column, and adjusting the axial position of the embedded bolt mounting column to enable the upper end face of the bolt mounting column to be welded to abut against a blocking area of a positioning face, so that the bolt mounting column is positioned on the fully embedded tooling;
a2) moving the whole full-embedded tool to enable the bolt mounting column positioned on the full-embedded tool to be inserted into a pre-processed welding hole, wherein the positioning surface is attached to the surface of a deck under the self-weight action of the whole full-embedded tool;
a3) welding a bolt mounting column on the fully-embedded tool on a deck;
a4) rotating the movable bolt to detach the whole fully-embedded tool from the deck;
b) the bolt mounting column part is embedded into a welding hole which is processed in advance on a deck by using a semi-embedded type tool:
b1) mounting a bolt mounting column at the bottom end of a movable screw, and placing the whole semi-embedded type tool on a deck to enable the movable screw to be over against a target welding hole;
b2) judging whether the movable screw is in a vertical state through a first measuring instrument, and adjusting the adjusting assembly until the movable screw is in the vertical state; rotating the movable screw to enable the movable screw to drive the bolt mounting column to be inserted into the prefabricated welding hole until the exposed height of the bolt mounting column is equal to the target height;
b3) welding a bolt mounting column on the semi-embedded tool on a deck;
b4) rotating the movable screw rod to detach the whole semi-embedded type tool from the deck;
c) positioning the bolt mounting columns on the deck in a way that the bolt mounting columns are all exposed by using a full-exposed tool;
c1) placing the whole fully-exposed tool on a deck, and placing the bolt mounting column into a positioning hole of the fully-exposed tool so as to enable the bolt mounting column to be located at a target mounting position;
c2) judging whether the positioning hole is in a vertical state through a second measuring instrument, and adjusting the adjusting piece until the positioning hole is in the vertical state;
c3) welding the bolt mounting column in the positioning hole on a deck;
c4) and moving the whole fully-exposed tool upwards to detach the whole fully-exposed tool from the deck.
6. The welding process of the ship deck bolt mounting column according to claim 5, characterized in that: the pre-assembly preparation in step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
① marking, marking an initial reference line on a deck by taking a processed plane without allowance on the ship as a reference, projecting on the deck by using a total station and taking the reference line as a reference to form a transverse reference line and a longitudinal reference line, forming rectangular array mark points by taking the transverse reference line and the longitudinal reference line as reference marks, and snapping lines by taking each mark point as a reference to form a grid line shaped like a Chinese character 'tian';
② punching, punching at the cross point of the grid line;
③ drawing a boundary circle and a check circle with the cross point as the center of the circle, the diameter of the boundary circle is equal to that of the bolt mounting column;
④ drilling holes, drilling holes at the cross of the mounting post of the full-embedded bolt and the semi-embedded bolt, controlling the drill bit to make the outer surface of the drill bit coincide with the boundary circle and make the distances between the outer surface of the drill bit and the boundary circle equal.
7. The welding process of the ship deck bolt mounting column according to claim 6, characterized in that: in step c1), the bolt mounting post being in the target mounting position means that the outer edge of the bottom surface of the bolt mounting post overlaps the boundary circle.
8. The welding process of the ship deck bolt mounting column according to claim 6, wherein in step ④, after the drilling is completed, the precision of the drilled hole is checked by using a check circle, if the position error exceeds 1.2mm, reaming correction is performed, if the diameter error exceeds 1mm, the drill bit needs to be replaced, and the hole is drilled again until the precision requirement is met, so that the welding precision is improved.
9. A welding process of a ship deck bolt mounting column according to claim 5, wherein; and step S3, in the welded bolt mounting column, for the bolt mounting column which is totally embedded and semi-embedded on the deck, welding a reinforcing bracket between the deck and the bolt mounting column, and welding the reinforcing bracket and a bone plate preset at the bottom of the deck into a whole, so that the whole bolt mounting column can be positioned on the deck more reliably.
10. The welding process of ship deck bolt mounting post of claim 9, characterized in that: in the step c3), a split symmetric welding method is adopted during welding, and in the step a3) and the step b3), the welding steps are as follows:
firstly, welding the connecting position of a bolt mounting column and the upper surface of a deck, and adopting a split-center symmetric welding method;
secondly, welding the connecting position of the bolt mounting column and the lower surface of the deck by adopting a split-center symmetric welding method;
thirdly, welding the connecting position of the reinforcing toggle plate and the bolt mounting column from bottom to top;
and fourthly, welding the connecting positions of the reinforced toggle plate, the bone plate and the deck, and carrying out downward welding and upward welding.
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| CN201811280450.5A CN109396715B (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Welding positioning device and welding process for ship deck bolt mounting column |
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| CN201811280450.5A CN109396715B (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Welding positioning device and welding process for ship deck bolt mounting column |
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| CN110217340A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-10 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | A kind of 3 type LNG ship stud localization method of Mark |
| CN110524168B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-04-09 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Outfitting positioning tool and using method thereof |
| CN113941834A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-18 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Method for mounting deck lamp base |
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