CN109390072A - 一种石墨烯电缆 - Google Patents

一种石墨烯电缆 Download PDF

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CN109390072A
CN109390072A CN201811403828.6A CN201811403828A CN109390072A CN 109390072 A CN109390072 A CN 109390072A CN 201811403828 A CN201811403828 A CN 201811403828A CN 109390072 A CN109390072 A CN 109390072A
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代荣记
张拓
朱冬荣
蔡志祥
班龙城
欧阳从军
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Guangxi Guangcai Cable Group Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
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    • H01B1/02Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/026Alloys based on copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/04Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种石墨烯电缆,包括中心导体、导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层及外护套层,所述中心导体外侧依次包覆所述导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层及外护套层;所述中心导体由至少2根包覆有石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜的软铜导体构成一芯束体,所述石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜包括第一石墨烯层及第二石墨烯层,以及夹设于第一石墨烯层与第二石墨烯层之间的银纳米纤维层。本发明的石墨烯电缆具有柔软性好,防水、抗碾压、抗拉伸、耐卷曲性能强及寿命长的特点。

Description

一种石墨烯电缆
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆制造技术领域,尤其涉及一种石墨烯电缆。
背景技术
近年来,我国电线电缆行业对铜电缆、铝电缆过度依赖,市场需求量聚增,导致铜、铝出现资源短缺现象,造成了铜、铝单价不断提高,企业利润较低,电线电缆行业出现短暂的瓶颈期。因此,新材料,新科技,新产品将成为打破电线电缆行业发展瓶颈的唯一出路。近年来,石墨烯具有优异的导电性能和力学性能,成为众多电线电缆企业寻求发展的商机。然而,现有的石墨烯电缆柔软性差,抗拉及耐卷曲性能差,寿命短,不抗辗压,已经大大不适应时代发展的需要;尤其是对于工业电缆,电缆经常会遇到各种极端的环境,比如火灾、水灾、地震等比较恶劣的环境,这就对电缆的材质要求很高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有柔软性好,防水、抗碾压、抗拉伸、耐卷曲性能强及寿命长的石墨烯电缆。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种石墨烯电缆,包括中心导体、导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层及外护套层,所述中心导体外侧依次包覆所述导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层及外护套层;所述中心导体由至少2根包覆有石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜的软铜导体构成一芯束体,所述石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜包括第一石墨烯层及第二石墨烯层,以及夹设于第一石墨烯层与第二石墨烯层之间的银纳米纤维层。
较佳地,还包括金属屏蔽层,所述金属屏蔽层设置在绝缘屏蔽层及外护套层之间。
较佳地,所述金属屏蔽层包括表层、中间层及里层;所述表层由镀锡铜丝为经纬线构成,所述中间层由镀锡铜丝为经线或纬线、由聚四氟乙烯纤维为纬线或经线构成,所述里层由聚四氟乙烯纤维为经纬线构成;所述中间层的经线先后与表层及里层纬线分别交结。
较佳地,所述软铜导体由石墨烯纤维与软铜丝绞绕而成。
较佳地,所述第一石墨烯层及第二石墨烯层为单层石墨烯,所述第一石墨烯层及第二石墨烯层的厚度为5-50nm,所述银纳米纤维层的厚度为1-100nm。
较佳地,所述导体屏蔽层的材料为半导电尼龙带和半导电橡胶;所述绝缘屏蔽层的材料为半导电橡胶。
较佳地,所述绝缘层为挤包形成的聚四氟乙烯或聚全氟乙丙烯共聚物绝缘层。
较佳地,所述外护套层为氯化聚乙烯护套橡皮。
较佳地,所述导体屏蔽层的厚度为1-2.2mm,所述绝缘层的厚度为2-3mm,所述绝缘屏蔽层的厚度为1.5-3mm,所述外护套层的厚度为2.5-4mm。
本发明由于采用了上述技术方案,具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明的石墨烯电缆,由于采用了石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜包覆软铜导体作为中心导体,软铜导体由石墨烯纤维与软铜丝绞绕而成,提高了石墨烯纤维的物理机械性能,大大降低了导体的电阻率,提高了输电效率,增强了其力学性能和抗腐蚀性,使电缆寿命大大加强;石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜由两层石墨烯层包覆银纳米纤维层制成,提高了复合膜的韧性,改善了以往石墨烯薄膜脆易碎的缺点;具有良好的结构完整性、高强度且电特性好;
(2)本发明的外护套为氯化聚乙烯护套橡皮,其性能柔软,能经受各种生物或微生物的侵蚀和破坏,具有更优良的耐气候老化、耐寒、耐油及防水等性能,具有更长的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一种石墨烯电缆的结构示意图;
附图中,1-中心导体,2-导体屏蔽层,3-绝缘层,4-绝缘屏蔽层,5-金属屏蔽层,6-外护套层,7-软铜导体,8-石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜,9-第一石墨烯层,10-银纳米纤维层,11-第二石墨烯层。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下参照附图并举出优选实施例,对本发明进一步详细说明。然而,需要说明的是,说明书中列出的许多细节仅仅是为了使读者对本发明的一个或多个方面有一个透彻的理解,即便没有这些特定的细节也可以实现本发明的这些方面。
实施例1
如图1所示,根据本发明的一种石墨烯电缆,包括中心导体1、导体屏蔽层2、绝缘层3、绝缘屏蔽层4及外护套层6,所述中心导体1外侧依次包覆所述导体屏蔽层2、绝缘层3、绝缘屏蔽层4及外护套层6;所述中心导体1由至少2根包覆有石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜8的软铜导体7构成一芯束体,所述石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜8包括第一石墨烯层9及第二石墨烯层11,以及夹设于第一石墨烯层9与第二石墨烯层11之间的银纳米纤维层10;还包括金属屏蔽层5,所述金属屏蔽层5置在绝缘屏蔽层4及外护套层6之间;所述金属屏蔽层5包括表层、中间层及里层;所述表层由镀锡铜丝为经纬线构成,所述中间层由镀锡铜丝为经线或纬线、由聚四氟乙烯纤维为纬线或经线构成,所述里层由聚四氟乙烯纤维为经纬线构成;所述中间层的经线先后与表层及里层纬线分别交结。
较佳地,所述软铜导体7由石墨烯纤维与软铜丝绞绕而成;所述第一石墨烯层9及第二石墨烯层11为单层石墨烯,所述第一石墨烯层9及第二石墨烯层11的厚度为5-50nm,所述银纳米纤维层10的厚度为1-100nm;所述导体屏蔽层2的材料为半导电尼龙带和半导电橡胶;所述绝缘屏蔽层4的材料为半导电橡胶;所述绝缘层3为挤包形成的聚四氟乙烯或聚全氟乙丙烯共聚物绝缘层;所述外护套层6为氯化聚乙烯护套橡皮;所述导体屏蔽层2的厚度为1-2.2mm,所述绝缘层3的厚度为2-3mm,所述绝缘屏蔽层4的厚度为1.5-3mm,所述外护套层6的厚度为2.5-4mm。
本发明的石墨烯软电缆具有良好的柔软性,其最小弯曲半径为电缆直径的4倍;按GJB1640-1993检测,导体直流电阻比该标准降低4.5%,导体导电性提高4.5%;还具有防水、抗碾压、抗拉伸、耐卷曲性能强及寿命长的功效。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以作出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:包括中心导体、导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层及外护套层,所述中心导体外侧依次包覆所述导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层及外护套层;所述中心导体由至少2根包覆有石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜的软铜导体构成一芯束体,所述石墨烯银纳米纤维复合膜包括第一石墨烯层及第二石墨烯层,以及夹设于第一石墨烯层与第二石墨烯层之间的银纳米纤维层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:还包括金属屏蔽层,所述金属屏蔽层设置在绝缘屏蔽层及外护套层之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:所述金属屏蔽层包括表层、中间层及里层;所述表层由镀锡铜丝为经纬线构成,所述中间层由镀锡铜丝为经线或纬线、由聚四氟乙烯纤维为纬线或经线构成,所述里层由聚四氟乙烯纤维为经纬线构成;所述中间层的经线先后与表层及里层纬线分别交结。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:所述软铜导体由石墨烯纤维与软铜丝绞绕而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:所述第一石墨烯层及第二石墨烯层为单层石墨烯,所述第一石墨烯层及第二石墨烯层的厚度为5-50nm,所述银纳米纤维层的厚度为1-100nm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:所述导体屏蔽层的材料为半导电尼龙带和半导电橡胶;所述绝缘屏蔽层的材料为半导电橡胶。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:所述绝缘层为挤包形成的聚四氟乙烯或聚全氟乙丙烯共聚物绝缘层。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:所述外护套层为氯化聚乙烯护套橡皮。
9.根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的一种石墨烯电缆,其特征在于:所述导体屏蔽层的厚度为1-2.2mm,所述绝缘层的厚度为2-3mm,所述绝缘屏蔽层的厚度为1.5-3mm,所述外护套层的厚度为2.5-4mm。
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CN112105248B (zh) * 2020-08-07 2021-06-15 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 一种电磁屏蔽膜及其制备方法

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