CN109389942B - 显示和检测系统 - Google Patents

显示和检测系统 Download PDF

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CN109389942B
CN109389942B CN201810906266.0A CN201810906266A CN109389942B CN 109389942 B CN109389942 B CN 109389942B CN 201810906266 A CN201810906266 A CN 201810906266A CN 109389942 B CN109389942 B CN 109389942B
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display
detection system
image sensor
display screen
linear polarizer
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CN109389942A (zh
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威尔弗里德·施瓦兹
阿加斯·普斯卡
昆廷·沙布尔
本杰明·布辛农
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Ai Seleju
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
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    • G06V40/1329—Protecting the fingerprint sensor against damage caused by the finger
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    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • H10K59/13—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays comprising photosensors that control luminance
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    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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    • H10K59/60—OLEDs integrated with inorganic light-sensitive elements, e.g. with inorganic solar cells or inorganic photodiodes
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种显示和检测系统(30)，其包括图像传感器(22)、显示屏(12)以及覆盖显示屏(12)和图像传感器(22)的抗反射系统(32)，这种抗反射系统包括电可控的直线偏振器(34)。

Description

显示和检测系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求法国专利申请号17/57672的优先权权益，其内容在法律允许的最大范围内在此通过引用整体并入。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示和检测系统，并且更具体地涉及与图像传感器相关联的显示系统。
背景技术
对于某些应用，期望能够借助于被集成到显示屏的指纹传感器来检测用户的指纹。作为示例，提供有指纹传感器的显示器可以装备于手机。存在包括显示屏和光学图像传感器的显示和检测系统，其可以使得能够形成指纹传感器。美国专利9570002描述了这种显示和检测系统的示例，其包括显示屏和红外图像传感器。
大多数显示屏是部分反射的，并且为了用户的舒适，有必要衰减可能的反射。因此，这种显示屏通常配备有抗反射系统。关于图1描述了抗反射系统的示例。
图1是覆盖有抗反射系统3的部分反射显示屏1的分解简化视图。
抗反射系统3被定位在显示屏1的前面。抗反射系统3包括直线偏振器5和四分之一波片7。四分之一波片7被定位在直线偏振器5和显示屏1之间。四分之一波片7的轴相对于直线偏振器5的轴以45度进行取向。
这种类型的抗反射系统操作如下。首先，入射的非偏振光束Ri穿过直线偏振器5，并且变成具有直线偏振的光束R1。然后，四分之一波片7将光束R1转换成具有右旋或左旋圆偏振的光束R2。光束R2被显示屏1部分地反射为反射光束R3。反射光束R3具有与光束R2的圆偏置相反的圆偏置，即左旋或右旋。然后，四分之一波片7将光束R3转换成具有直线偏振的光束R4。然后，光束R4的偏振方向与光束R1的偏振方向正交。然后，偏振器5阻止光束R4通过。
期望的是，形成配备有抗反射系统的显示系统，所述抗反射系统包括光学图像传感器(例如，指纹传感器)。
发明内容
因此，实施例提供了一种显示和检测系统，其包括：
图像传感器；
显示屏；以及
抗反射系统，其覆盖显示屏和图像传感器，所述抗反射系统包括电可控的直线偏振器。
根据实施例，抗反射系统还包括四分之一波片。
根据实施例，电可控的直线偏振器为液晶偏振器。
根据实施例，显示屏覆盖图像传感器。
根据实施例，显示屏包括发光层和覆盖发光层的封装层。
根据实施例，发光层为OLED型层。
根据实施例，显示屏包括透明基板，其上搁置有发光层。
根据实施例，抗反射层覆盖有透明涂层。
根据实施例，透明涂层由玻璃制成。
根据实施例，图像传感器包括有机传感器阵列。
根据实施例，该系统还包括角度滤波器，其在图像传感器和显示屏之间，能够阻挡具有相对于与角度滤波器的表面正交的方向大于阈值的入射的入射线，并且能够允许通过具有相对于与该表面正交的方向小于阈值的入射的至少某些入射线。
实施例还提供了使用诸如先前定义的显示和检测系统来检测用户的至少一个指纹。
根据实施例，图像传感器起到触摸表面的作用。
实施例还提供了一种控制诸如先前定义的显示和检测系统的方法，其中在每次使用图像传感器时电可控的直线偏振器被去激活。
在结合附图的特定实施例的以下非限制性描述中将详细讨论前述和其他特征和优点。
附图说明
前面描述的图1示出了抗反射系统；
图2是显示和检测系统的简化图；并且
图3是显示和检测系统的实施例的简化电气图。
具体实施方式
在不同的附图中，以相同的附图标记指定相同的元件。为清楚起见，仅示出并且详细描述了对理解所描述的实施例有用的那些步骤和元件。
在以下描述中，当参考限定相对位置的术语(诸如术语“顶部”)时，将参考附图的取向。术语“大约”在本文中用于指定所讨论的值的正负10％，优选正负5％的公差。
在以下描述中，“可见光”指定具有从400nm到700nm范围内的波长的电磁辐射，并且“红外辐射”指定具有从700nm到10μm范围内的波长的电磁辐射。
图像的像素对应于由显示屏显示的图像的单位元件。当显示屏是彩色图像显示屏时，对于每个图像像素的显示，其通常包括至少三个发射和/或光强度调节组件(也称为显示子像素)，其各自基本上以单个颜色(例如，红色、绿色或蓝色)发射光辐射。由三个显示子像素发射的辐射的叠加为观察者提供了对应于所显示的图像的像素的着色感觉。在这种情况下，由用于显示图像的像素的三个显示子像素形成的组件被称为显示屏的显示像素。
图2是能够显示图像和检测图像(例如指纹)的显示和检测系统10的简化图。
显示和检测系统10包括显示屏12。显示屏12例如由堆叠形成，依次包括：
-透明基板14，其例如由聚合物或玻璃制成；
-发光层16，其搁置在基板14上并与之接触；以及
-透明封装层18，其例如由聚合物制成，搁置在发光层16上并与之接触。
基板14和封装层18对可见光和红外线是透明的。
发光层16包括显示像素阵列。每个显示像素包括能够发射电磁辐射的光电子组件(也称为发光组件)。每个发光组件例如对应于发光二极管，特别是对应于有机发光二极管(OLED)。显示像素还可以包括导电轨和开关元件(特别是晶体管)(未示出)，使得能够选择显示像素。
显示和检测系统10还包括关于图1描述的类型的抗反射系统20。其显示了直线偏振器5和四分之一波片7。抗反射系统20被布置在显示屏12的顶部并与显示屏12接触，即，四分之一波片7搁置在显示屏12的封装层18的顶部上并与显示屏12的封装层18接触。
显示和检测系统10还包括图像传感器22。作为示例，图像传感器22位于显示屏12下方，即，显示屏12的基板14搁置在图像传感器22的顶部并与图像传感器22接触。图像传感器22包括光子传感器或光电检测器的阵列。光电检测器被布置为使得入射辐射在穿过显示屏14之后到达它们。作为示例，光电检测器被定位在发光层16的显示像素之间的间隙的水平处，以接收在显示像素之间通过的光辐射。光电检测器可以覆盖有透明保护涂层(未示出)。图像传感器22还包括导电轨和开关元件(特别是晶体管)(未示出)，使得能够选择光电检测器。光电检测器可以由有机材料制成。光电检测器可以对应于有机光电二极管(OPD)或有机光敏电阻。
作为示例，图像传感器12可以被用于检测用户的至少一个手指的指纹。优选地，图像传感器12可以被用于同时检测用户的多个手指的指纹。根据实施例，图像传感器12可以起到触摸表面的作用，其中显示和检测系统10上的物体或构件的位置由光电检测器确定。然后，通过手指或手在触摸表面上的简单滑动，显示和检测系统可以被用作可控交互式用户界面。这种交互式用户界面可以特别用于控制手机、计算机、电视机，机动车辆、自动售票机、工业设备、医疗设备等。
显示和检测系统10还包括透明保护涂层24，其搁置在抗反射系统20的顶部并与抗反射系统20接触。该涂层对可见光和红外线是透明的。保护涂层24例如是玻璃板或由聚合物制成的透明层。
根据第一实施例，物体或构件(例如，手指)可以由显示和检测系统外部的源照射，所述源发射穿过物体或构件或者被物体或构件反射的辐射。然后，物体或构件朝向图像传感器22的光电检测器发射非偏振光辐射。这种非偏振辐射穿过偏振器5并且损失其强度的50％。
根据第二实施例，物体或构件不被外部源照射，然后其被由显示屏12的发光层16发射的非偏振光辐射照射。光辐射通过穿过偏振器5而偏振并损失其部分强度。这种光辐射在物体或构件上反射并被反射。被反射的辐射穿过偏振器5并再次损失其部分强度。
因此，这种显示和检测系统10的缺点在于抗反射系统20的偏振器5降低了图像传感器22上的物体或构件的图像的亮度。
图3是能够检测图像(例如指纹)的显示和检测系统30的实施例的简化图。显示和检测系统30包括关于图2描述的显示和检测系统10的元件中的一些，即显示屏12(包括基板14、发光层16和封装层18)、图像传感器22以及透明层24。
显示和检测系统30还包括抗反射系统32，其包括关于图2描述的四分之一波片7以及电可控的直线偏振器34。电可控的直线偏振器是在电场的影响下可以变得偏振或失去其偏振特性的偏振器。
电可控的直线偏振器的一个示例是液晶偏振器。液晶对电场的影响很敏感。在向列相液晶的情况下，液晶在空闲状态下不偏振。当对其施加电场时，液晶进行组织并变得偏振。在胆甾相液晶的情况下，液晶在空闲状态下偏振。当对其施加电场时，液晶失去其偏振特性。
然后可以提供用于控制直线偏振器34的电路。这种控制电路可以包括开关，其根据形成偏振器的液晶的类型打开或关闭以向直线偏振器34施加或不施加电场。这种开关可以被手动控制，或者通过每次期望使用图像传感器时(例如，要获取指纹)发出的信号来控制。
该实施例的优点在于直线偏振器34可以被随意激活或去激活。当期望使用图像传感器时，直线偏振器34被去激活，使得其不再使穿过它的光偏振。在具有向列相液晶的偏振器的情况下，通过中断在液晶上施加电场使得它们失去其偏振特性来获得直线偏振器34的去激活。在具有胆甾相液晶的偏振器的情况下，通过将液晶提交给电场使得它们失去其偏振特性来获得直线偏振器34的去激活。然后，由传感器生成的图像的亮度没由直线偏振器34降低。
当期望在没有图像传感器22的情况下单独使用显示屏12时，直线偏振器34被激活，使得其使穿过它的光偏振。然后，抗反射系统32如关于图1所描述的那样操作，并且消除显示和检测系统30的可能的反射。
已经描述了特定实施例。本领域技术人员将想到各种改变和修改。特别地，显示器的光强度可以适应于直线偏振器34的每次激活或去激活，以遵守涉及显示器的最大照明的标准。
除了图像传感器22之外，显示和检测系统还可以包括触摸表面，其然后可以专用于获取指纹。
在先前描述的实施例中，显示屏12覆盖图像传感器22。作为变型，例如通过将光电检测器布置在发光层16中的显示像素之间的间隙中，图像传感器可以被直接形成在显示屏中的发光层的水平处。
此外，显示和检测系统还可以包括布置在显示屏12和图像传感器22之间的角度滤波器。角度滤波器能够根据辐射相对于角度滤波器的上表面的入射来对入射辐射进行滤波，特别是使得图像传感器22仅接收具有相对于垂直于角度滤波器的上表面的轴小于最大入射角的入射的光线，所述最大入射角小于45°，优选地小于30°，更优选地小于20°，还更优选地小于10°。角度滤波器16能够阻挡具有相对于垂直于角度滤波器的上表面的轴大于最大入射角的入射的入射辐射的光线。角度滤波器可以包括由对所述辐射不透明的壁界定的孔阵列。
上文已经描述了具有不同变型的各种实施例。应当注意，本领域技术人员可以在不示出任何创造性步骤的情况下，对这些各种实施例和变型的各种元件进行组合。
这些改变、修改和改进旨在成为本公开的一部分，并且旨在落入本发明的精神和范围内。因此，前面的描述仅通过示例，并且不旨在进行限制。本发明仅受如以下权利要求及其等同物所限定的限制。

Claims (13)

1.一种显示和检测系统(30)，包括：
图像传感器(22)；
显示屏(12)；以及
抗反射系统(32)，其覆盖所述显示屏(12)和所述图像传感器(22)，所述抗反射系统包括电可控的直线偏振器(34),
其中，在每次使用所述图像传感器(22)时，所述电可控的直线偏振器(34)被去激活。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示和检测系统(30)，其中，所述抗反射系统(32)还包括四分之一波片(7)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的显示和检测系统，其中，所述电可控的直线偏振器(34)为液晶偏振器。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的显示和检测系统，其中，所述显示屏(12)覆盖所述图像传感器(22)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的显示和检测系统，其中，所述显示屏(12)包括发光层(16)和覆盖所述发光层(16)的封装层(18)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的显示和检测系统，其中，所述发光层(16)为OLED型层。
7.根据权利要求5所述的显示和检测系统，其中，所述显示屏(12)包括透明基板(14)，其上搁置有所述发光层(16)。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的显示和检测系统，其中，所述抗反射系统(32)覆盖有透明涂层(24)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的显示和检测系统，其中，所述透明涂层(24)由玻璃制成。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的显示和检测系统，其中，所述图像传感器(22)包括有机传感器阵列。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的显示和检测系统，还包括角度滤波器，所述角度滤波器在所述图像传感器(22)和所述显示屏(12)之间，能够阻挡具有相对于与所述角度滤波器的表面正交的方向大于阈值的入射的入射线，并且能够允许通过具有相对于与所述表面正交的方向小于所述阈值的入射的至少某些入射线。
12.一种根据权利要求1或2所述的显示和检测系统的用途，用于检测用户的至少一个指纹。
13.根据权利要求12所述的用途，其中，所述图像传感器(22)起到触摸表面的作用。
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