Feeding device of straw braider
Technical Field
The invention relates to straw recycling equipment, in particular to a feeding device of a straw braiding machine.
Background
Straw is a general term for the stem and leaf parts of mature crops, and generally refers to the residual parts of wheat, rice, corn and other crops after harvesting seeds. During the growth process, more than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, so that the straw is a multipurpose renewable biological resource. Because the straws have no direct use value, a large amount of straws, wheat straws and other straws are always burnt in the field in summer and autumn and winter every year to generate a large amount of dense smoke, which becomes an important problem to be solved urgently for environmental protection.
With the technological progress and innovation, the straw recycling method finds multiple purposes for the comprehensive development and utilization of crop straws, and besides the traditional straw returning field as a fertilizer, the straw recycling method also has new ways of straw feed, straw vaporization, straw power generation, straw ethanol, straw building materials and the like, so that the utilization value and the utilization rate of the straws are greatly improved.
The straw mat woven by straw has wide application, can be used for product packaging, serving as an intermediate medium, surface protection and the like, and is a relatively direct recycling treatment mode. In the existing weaving equipment, although straw weaving can be realized, the following defects generally exist:
the straw need the manual work to spread the material loading to the straw before getting into to weave the process, and not only artifical intensity of labour is big like this, and paves the beam splitting and rely on workman's feeling entirely, does not carry out abundant scattering and pave the straw, leads to the straw mat thickness of weaving out uneven easily.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the existing problems and provides a feeding device of a straw braiding machine, which can fully break up straws in the automatic feeding process so as to braid a straw mat with uniform thickness.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a feeding device of a straw braider comprises a hopper for loading straws and a scattering mechanism for scattering the straws;
the inner cavity of the hopper is of a three-section structure, the upper section is a feeding section, the middle section is a scattering section, and the lower section is a discharging section; the inner cavities of the feeding section and the scattering section are both flat, and the scattering roller extends along the flat inner cavity; the scattering mechanism comprises a scattering roller and a scattering driving mechanism for driving the scattering roller to rotate; the number of the scattering rollers is at least two, at least one scattering roller is arranged at the tail end of the feeding section, and other scattering rollers are arranged in the scattering section; the scattering rollers are arranged from top to bottom, and two adjacent scattering rollers are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction;
be equipped with the multiunit on the roller of breaing up along the direction of circumference and break up the tooth, every group breaks up the tooth and includes a plurality of teeth of breaing up that distribute along axial direction.
The working principle of the feeding device is as follows:
generally, a worker starts a straw weaving machine firstly, so that each driving mechanism enters a working state, then recovered straws (such as rice straws) are put into a hopper, the straws fall down along a feeding section of the hopper, and due to the fact that a scattering roller is arranged at the tail end of the feeding section, when the straws fall to the bottom end of the feeding section, a rotating scattering tooth beats and tears the straws, and the fallen straws are conveyed to a scattering section; wherein, because the straw is the striation body mostly, during staff can throw into the hopper with the straw parallelly, the straw falls on breaking up the roller parallelly, breaks up the tooth of breaking up of roller and acts on the straw perpendicularly, can break up the straw that becomes the reunion form fast like this, can not destroy the length of straw again.
Further, in vertical direction, two adjacent rollers of breaing up crisscross setting, two adjacent rollers of breaing up are located different vertical lines promptly, so the roller of breaing up that is located the top can convey the straw to the roller of breaing up of below on, then the roller of breaing up of below can be broken up again the straw that falls to reach the mesh of fully breaing up. After being torn in turn by a plurality of scattering rollers, the straws sequentially fall into the discharging section to be conveyed to the knitting station by the conveying mechanism below.
The invention also discloses a preferable scheme, wherein the straw smashing machine further comprises a compaction mechanism for compacting the loosened straw downwards, and the compaction mechanism comprises a compaction piece and a compaction driving mechanism;
the compacting piece is arranged on the outer side of the hopper and comprises a rotating part, a middle connecting part and a compacting part; the rotating plane of the rotating part is parallel to the rotating plane of the scattering roller; an avoiding groove for avoiding the compacted part to rotate and vertically move is arranged on the hopper;
the compaction driving mechanism comprises a rotation driving mechanism for driving the compaction part to rotate and a vertical driving mechanism for driving the compaction part to do lifting motion; during operation, the rotation driving mechanism drives the compaction part to pass through the avoiding groove and rotate to the hopper, and the vertical driving mechanism drives the compaction part to compact the straw downwards.
Generally, the straws are slender and light strips, and most of the straws are fluffy after being fully scattered, so that the discharging section is quickly filled, and the straws are not beneficial to further conveying. For this purpose, the straw falling into the feeding section needs to be properly compacted. The working principle of the compaction mechanism of the invention is as follows: when in standby, the compaction piece is positioned at the outer side of the hopper; when the straw compacting machine works, the driving mechanism is rotated to drive the compacting piece to rotate, so that the compacting piece penetrates through the avoiding groove and enters the hopper, then the vertical driving mechanism drives the compacting piece downwards, and the compacting piece pushes the straw downwards, so that fluffy straw is compacted gradually; after fluffy straw compaction, vertical actuating mechanism drive compaction spare up resets, and at last under the drive of rotation actuating mechanism, the compaction part passes the outside of dodging the groove and rotating to the hopper round the rotation part. Because the compacting piece can shift to the outside of hopper after the compaction is finished, rather than staying in the hopper all the time, so can not hinder the straw normally to fall into the ejection of compact section.
Preferably, the vertical driving mechanism comprises a vertical driving motor and a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly comprises a screw rod and a screw nut; the vertical driving motor is fixedly connected to a rack of the straw braiding machine through a motor base, the upper end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to a fixed block fixed on the hopper, and the lower end of the screw rod penetrates through a screw rod nut and is connected with an output shaft of the vertical driving motor; the lead screw nut is fixedly provided with a movable mounting part, and the rotating part of the compacting part is rotatably connected to the movable mounting part.
Preferably, the rotary drive mechanism comprises a rotary drive motor and a gear set; the rotation driving motor is arranged on the movable mounting part, the gear set comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the rotation driving motor, and the driven wheel is arranged on a rotating part of the compaction part.
Further, a guide mechanism is arranged between the movable mounting piece and the hopper, and comprises a guide groove which is arranged on the hopper and extends vertically and a slide block which is matched in the guide groove; and a rolling bearing is arranged in the sliding block, and the rotating part of the compacting piece extends into the rolling bearing. Thus, when the vertical driving motor is driven vertically, the guide mechanism can provide guidance for the vertical movement of the compaction member.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two compaction driving mechanisms are provided, and are respectively disposed on two sides of the hopper; the number of the rotating parts of the compacting piece is two, and the middle connecting part is connected between the two rotating parts; the middle connecting part comprises a linear part and a bent part, the linear part is parallel to the axial direction of the scattering roller, and the plane where the bent part is located is parallel to the end face of the scattering roller;
the number of the compaction parts is multiple, and the compaction parts are evenly distributed on the straight line part of the middle connecting part. Through above-mentioned structure, can provide stable power for the compaction work of straw, and can not hinder during the normal entering ejection of compact section of straw.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, the scattering driving mechanism comprises a scattering driving motor and a synchronous component, the scattering driving motor is fixed on a rack of the straw braiding machine through a mounting seat, and the synchronous component comprises synchronous wheels and synchronous belts connected among the synchronous wheels;
two ends of the scattering roller are respectively and rotatably connected to two side plates of the hopper, and one end of the scattering roller extends out of the side plates; the synchronizing wheel is respectively arranged at one end of the scattering roller extending out of the side plate and on an output shaft of the scattering driving motor. Through the structure, the scattering roller can rotate under the driving of the scattering driving motor, so that straws are scattered and conveyed.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotation directions of two adjacent scattering rollers are opposite, so that when straw is transferred between the two scattering rollers, the straw can be subjected to scattering and tearing acting forces in two different directions, and the straw can be more fully scattered.
According to the preferable scheme of the invention, the two adjacent groups of scattering teeth are arranged in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction, so that the straws can be scattered at a plurality of positions without increasing the density of the scattering teeth, and the scattering speed is increased.
Preferably, the scattering teeth are in a circular truncated cone shape, so that the straw winding on the scattering roller can be effectively reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the hopper is of a three-section type, and two adjacent scattering rollers are arranged in a staggered mode in the vertical direction, namely the two adjacent scattering rollers can tear, scatter and convey the straws in the horizontal direction, so that each scattering roller can scatter the straws, the straws can be scattered more uniformly, and the straw mat with uniform thickness can be woven.
Drawings
Fig. 1-2 are front views of a feeding device of a straw braiding machine in the invention, wherein fig. 1 is a front view of a compaction mechanism in a standby state, and fig. 2 is a front view of a compaction driving mechanism driving a compaction member to press straws downwards.
Fig. 3-4 are schematic perspective views of a feeding device of a straw braiding machine according to the present invention, wherein fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a compaction mechanism in a standby state, and fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a compaction driving mechanism driving a compaction member to press straw downwards.
FIG. 5 is a view showing the internal structure of the hopper and the breaker roll in FIG. 1, wherein the direction of the arrow in the figure is the moving path of the straw in the hopper.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the scattering roller in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the compression member of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art understand the technical solutions of the present invention well, the following description of the present invention is provided with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the feeding device of the straw braiding machine in the embodiment comprises a hopper 1 for loading straws and a scattering mechanism for scattering the straws; the inner cavity of the hopper 1 is of a three-section structure, the upper section is a feeding section 1-1, the middle section is a scattering section 1-2, and the lower section is a discharging section 1-3; the inner cavities of the feeding section 1-1 and the scattering section 1-2 are both flat, and the scattering roller 2 extends along the flat inner cavity.
The scattering mechanism comprises a scattering roller 2 and a scattering driving mechanism for driving the scattering roller 2 to rotate; the number of the scattering rollers 2 is at least two, at least one scattering roller 2 is arranged at the tail end of the feeding section 1-1, and other scattering rollers 2 are arranged in the scattering section 1-2; the scattering rollers 2 are arranged from top to bottom, and two adjacent scattering rollers 2 are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction; a plurality of groups of scattering teeth 2-1 are arranged on the scattering roller 2 along the circumferential direction, and each group of scattering teeth 2-1 comprises a plurality of scattering teeth 2-1 distributed along the axial direction.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the straw breaking device further comprises a compaction mechanism for compacting the broken straw downwards, wherein the compaction mechanism comprises a compaction piece 3 and a compaction driving mechanism; wherein, the compacting piece 3 is arranged at the outer side of the hopper 1 and comprises a rotating part 3-1, an intermediate connecting part 3-2 and a compacting part 3-3; the rotating plane of the rotating part 3-1 is parallel to the rotating plane of the scattering roller 2; an avoidance groove 1-4 for avoiding the compacted part 3-3 to rotate and move vertically is arranged on the hopper 1; the compaction driving mechanism comprises a rotation driving mechanism for driving the compaction part 3 to rotate and a vertical driving mechanism for driving the compaction part 3 to move up and down; when the straw compacting machine works, the rotating driving mechanism drives the compacting part 3-3 to penetrate through the avoiding groove 1-4 to rotate into the hopper 1, and the vertical driving mechanism drives the compacting part 3 to compact straws downwards.
As the straws are slender and light strips, most of the straws are fluffy after being fully scattered, the discharging sections 1-3 are quickly filled, and the straws are not beneficial to further conveying. For this purpose, the straw falling into the feeding section 1-1 needs to be properly compacted. The working principle of the compaction mechanism of the invention is as follows: in standby, the compaction member 3 is positioned outside the hopper 1; when the straw compacting machine works, the rotation driving mechanism drives the compacting piece 3 to rotate, so that the compacting piece 3-3 penetrates through the avoiding groove 1-4 to enter the hopper 1, then the vertical driving mechanism drives the compacting piece 3 downwards, so that the compacting piece 3-3 pushes and presses the straws downwards, and fluffy straws are compacted gradually; after fluffy straws are compacted, the vertical driving mechanism drives the compacting member 3 to reset upwards, and finally, under the driving of the rotating driving mechanism, the compacting member 3-3 passes through the avoiding groove 1-4 around the rotating part 3-1 and rotates to the outer side of the hopper 1. Since the compacting member 3 can be transferred to the outside of the hopper 1 after the compaction is finished, rather than staying in the hopper 1 all the time, the straws can not be prevented from normally falling into the discharging sections 1-3.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the vertical driving mechanism comprises a vertical driving motor 4 and a transmission assembly, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a screw rod 5 and a screw nut 6; the vertical driving motor 4 is fixedly connected to a rack of the straw weaving machine through a motor base, the upper end of the screw rod 5 is rotatably connected to a fixed block 7 fixed on the hopper 1, and the lower end of the screw rod passes through a screw rod nut 6 and is connected with an output shaft of the vertical driving motor 4; the lead screw nut 6 is fixedly provided with a movable mounting part 8, and the rotating part 3-1 of the compacting part 3 is rotatably connected to the movable mounting part 8.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the rotational drive mechanism includes a rotational drive motor 9 and a gear set; the rotation driving motor 9 is arranged on the movable mounting part 8, the gear set comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the rotation driving motor 9, and the driven wheel is arranged on the rotating part 3-1 of the compacting part 3.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a guide mechanism is arranged between the movable mounting member 8 and the hopper 1, and comprises a guide groove which is arranged on the hopper 1 and extends vertically and a slide block 10 which is matched in the guide groove; the slider 10 is provided with a rolling bearing therein, and the rotating part 3-1 of the compression member 3 extends into the rolling bearing. In this way, the guide mechanism can provide a guide for the vertical movement of the compactor 3 when the vertical drive motor 4 is driven vertically.
1-7, the two compaction driving mechanisms are respectively arranged at two sides of the hopper 1; the number of the rotating parts 3-1 of the compacting piece 3 is two, and the middle connecting part 3-2 is connected between the two rotating parts 3-1; the middle connecting part 3-2 comprises a linear part 3-21 and a bent part 3-22, the linear part 3-21 is parallel to the axial direction of the scattering roller 2, and the plane of the bent part 3-22 is parallel to the end surface of the scattering roller 2; the plurality of the compacted parts 3-3 are uniformly distributed on the straight line parts 3-21 of the middle connecting part 3-2. Through the structure, stable power can be provided for the compaction work of the straws, and the straws can not be prevented from normally entering the discharging section 1-3.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the scattering driving mechanism comprises a scattering driving motor 11 and a synchronous assembly, the scattering driving motor 11 is fixed on a frame of the straw braiding machine through a mounting seat, and the synchronous assembly comprises synchronous wheels and synchronous belts connected between the synchronous wheels; two ends of the scattering roller 2 are respectively and rotatably connected to two side plates of the hopper 1, and one end of the scattering roller extends out of the side plates; the synchronizing wheels are respectively arranged at one end of the scattering roller 2 extending out of the side plate and on an output shaft of the scattering driving motor 11. Through the structure, the scattering roller 2 can rotate under the driving of the scattering driving motor 11, so that straw is scattered and conveyed.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the rotation directions of two adjacent scattering rollers 2 are opposite, so that when straw is transferred between the two scattering rollers 2, the straw can be scattered and torn in two different directions, and can be scattered more sufficiently.
Referring to fig. 1-7, along the circumferential direction, two adjacent groups of breaking teeth 2-1 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the straws can be broken up at a plurality of positions without increasing the density of the breaking teeth 2-1, and the breaking speed is accelerated; the scattering teeth 2-1 are in a round table shape, so that the straw winding on the scattering roller 2 can be effectively reduced.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the working principle of the feeding device in this embodiment is:
generally, a worker firstly starts a straw weaving machine to enable each driving mechanism to enter a working state, then recovered straws (such as straws) are put into a hopper 1, the straws fall down along a feeding section 1-1 of the hopper 1, and due to the fact that a scattering roller 2 is arranged at the tail end of the feeding section 1-1, when the straws fall to the bottom end of the feeding section 1-1, a rotating scattering tooth 2-1 beats and tears the straws, and the fallen straws are conveyed to a scattering section 1-2; wherein, because the straw is the striatum body mostly, the staff can throw the straw into hopper 1 parallelly, and the straw falls on breaking up roller 2 parallelly, breaks up 2-1 vertical effects on the straw of breaking up roller 2, can break up the straw that becomes the conglomeration fast like this, can not destroy the length of straw again.
Further, in vertical direction, two adjacent rollers 2 that break up set up in a staggered way, two adjacent rollers 2 that break up are located different vertical lines promptly, so the roller 2 that breaks up that is located the top can convey the straw to the roller 2 that breaks up of below, then the roller 2 that breaks up of below can break up again the straw that falls down to reach the mesh of fully breaking up. After being torn by the scattering rollers 2, the straws sequentially fall into the discharging sections 1-3 to be conveyed to the weaving station by the conveying mechanism below.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.