CN109381692A - 治疗登革热的中药 - Google Patents
治疗登革热的中药 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109381692A CN109381692A CN201811295766.1A CN201811295766A CN109381692A CN 109381692 A CN109381692 A CN 109381692A CN 201811295766 A CN201811295766 A CN 201811295766A CN 109381692 A CN109381692 A CN 109381692A
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- dengue fever
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗登革热的中药,其特征在于按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏30~100份,麻黄9~20份,葛根20~60份,桂枝9~20份,白芍9~20份,生姜10~25份,大枣20~90份,炙甘草6~20份,柴胡10~25份,半夏10~25份,黄芩10~20,人参10~30份。本发明的一种治疗登革热的中药,治愈登革热并增强患者对登革热病毒的抗体应答,其疗效显著,毒副作用小,治愈后复发率低,并且有优越的保存稳定性。治后不反复发作,其生产方法简单、成本低,适合个体诊所开方治病,也适合各级医院制剂和制药厂生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药,特别是涉及一种治疗登革热的中药。
背景技术
登革热(dengue fever)为登革热病毒(dengue virus)的急性感染症,从其临床特征出发,分为预后良好的古典登革热(classical dengue fever:CDF)、显示出血倾向的登革出血热(dengue hemorrhagic syndrome:DHF)、最为严重的以休克为特征的登革休克综合症(dengue shock syndrome:DSS)。登革热感染已成为一项的公共健康难题,最近世界卫生组织研究估计,每年约有3.9亿例登革热感染(95%置信区间2.84-5.28亿),其中9600万(0.67-1.36亿)出现不同严重程度的临床症状,超过20,000例死亡(世界卫生组织WHO报告)。大多数感染是无症状的,或引起非致命的虚弱性疾病,但是特别是儿童常常经历更为致命的DHF和DSS形式。主要的登革热载体是蚊子(Aedes aegypti,埃及伊蚊),其在整个热带中存在,我国广东、香港、澳门等地是登革热流行地区,一般在每年的5~11月份,爆发高峰期在7~9月份。
CDF为3-9日的潜伏期后,突然出现40℃左右的发热、头痛、腰背部痛、颜面红潮、结膜充血等症状,并伴有全身剧烈的关节痛和肌肉痛的疾病(Sabin,A.B.,American Journalof Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,1952,Vol.2,p.30-50)。此外,稍后还出现消化器官症状、上气管炎症。但是,这些症状是自己限定的,通过自然经过而治愈、恢复。另一方面,DHF/DSS也与CDF大致同样地发病,但在2-6日间出血倾向或休克症状变得显著,虚脱感、全身衰软严重,状态急剧恶化方面不同(Cohen,S.N.et al.,Journal of Pediatrics,1966,vol.68,p.448-456;Nimmannitya,S.et al.,American Journal of Tropical Medicineand Hygiene,1969,p.954-971)。
作为登革热病原体的登革热病毒,其直径约40-60nm,具有外壳,具有约11kb的正极性的1根链RNA,在病毒学上与黄热病毒、日本脑炎病毒等都属于黄病毒科(Flaviviridae)。此外,已知登革热病毒根据感染中和抗体的交叉性,分为1-4型的4种血清型(Westaway,E.G.et al.,Intervirology,1985,Vol.24,p.183-192;Chambers,T.J.etal.Annual Reviews Microbiology,1990,Vol.44,p.649-688)。但是,与感染的目标组织、感染初期过程的宿主-病毒的相互作用有关的分子、基因的信息极少,实际情况是对于登革热、登革出血热有效的药尚未知晓。对于登革热疫苗,也是以弱毒性疫苗为代表,虽然进行了非活性疫苗、亚单位疫苗、重组疫苗、DNA疫苗等的开发,但由于有效性、副反应问题,距离实用化还很远(Chambers,T.J.et al.,Vaccine,1997,Vol.15,p.1494-1502)。特别是2017年发生在菲律宾的疫苗安全事件,全球首个获批的登革热疫苗——Dengvaxia可以有效保护那些已经患过登革热的人,但却会加重那些无登革热病史的患者病情。另一方面,登革热病毒在不断变异和进化,因此对登革热的治疗工作提出了更高的挑战。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种治疗登革热的中药,能够治愈登革热并增强患者对登革热病毒的抗体应答,其疗效显著,毒副作用小,治愈后复发率低,并且有优越的保存稳定性。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的一个技术方案是:一种治疗登革热的中药,按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏30~100份,麻黄9~20份,葛根20~60份,桂枝9~20份,白芍9~20份,生姜10~25份,大枣20~90份,炙甘草6~20份,柴胡10~25份,半夏10~25份,黄芩10~20,人参10~30份。
优选的,上述配方还包括下述重量份的药材:苍术10~30份,桔梗10~30份。
本发明的治疗登革热的中药,上述人参可以替换为选自人参、党参、太子参、西洋参中的至少一种药材及其提取物。
本发明的治疗登革热的中药为口服剂型,例如口服液的剂型。
本发明的治疗登革热的中药为丸剂或粉冲剂。
本发明中各原料药材的功效如下:
石膏:味甘辛,性寒,归肺、胃经。主治外感热病,高热不退,口渴咽干,心烦神昏,谵语发狂,肺热咳喘,胃热火亢盛,头痛,牙痛,咽痛,热毒壅盛,发斑发疹,口舌生疮。
麻黄:味苦辛,性温,归肺、膀胱经。发汗解表,宣肺平喘,利水消肿,主治伤寒头痛,温疟,发表出汗祛风、寒、湿之外邪。
葛根:味甘辛,性凉,归脾、胃经。解肌退热,生津止渴,清热止泻,促进新陈代谢,提高肝细胞的再生能力,加强肝脏解毒功能,强壮颈椎。
桂枝:味甘辛,性温,归肺、心、膀胱经。发汗解肌,降温解热,扩张血管,温经通络,散寒止痛,利尿强心,止咳祛痰,对金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒杆菌、流感病毒等均有抑制作用。
白芍:味苦酸,性寒,归肝、脾经。平肝止痛,养血调经,治头痛眩晕,泻脾热,止胁痛,腹痛,四肢挛痛,血虚萎黄,自汗盗汗。
生姜:味辛,性温。归肺、脾、胃经。解表散寒,温中止呕,温肺止咳。生姜有兴奋神经排汗降温,可以缓解疲劳乏力,厌食,失眠,腹胀腹痛,呕吐,头痛眩晕等症状。
大枣:味甘,性温。能补中益气,养血生津。主治脾胃虚弱,食少便溏,气血亏虚,身体虚弱,神经衰弱,脾胃不和,劳伤咳嗽,贫血消瘦,有养肝防癌功效。
炙甘草:味甘,性温,归心、肺、胃、脾经。和中缓急,润肺解毒,调和诸药。主治脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心动悸,可调节机体免疫功能,抗肿瘤和止痛作用。
柴胡:味苦辛,性寒,归肝、胆、肺经。主治外感发热,疏肝解郁,胸胁胀满疼痛,头痛眩晕,耳鸣,热狂乏绝,诸疟疾。
半夏:味辛,性温,归脾、胃、肺经。主治湿痰寒痰,咳喘痰多,痰饮眩悸,风痰眩晕,痰厥头痛,呕吐反胃,胸脘痞闷,消痞散结。
苍术:味甘辛,性温。归脾、胃、肝经。健脾燥湿,祛风散寒。主治湿盛困脾,倦怠嗜卧,食欲不振,全身酸痛。
黄芩:味苦,性寒,归心、肺、胆、大肠经。泻实火,除湿热,止血,壮热烦渴,肺热咳嗽,湿热泻痢,黄疸,热淋,吐衄,目赤肿痛,痈肿疔疮。
人参:味甘,性寒,平,归脾、肺、心经。主补五脏,安精神,定魂魄,止惊悸,除邪气,明目,开心益智。主治体虚欲脱,肢冷脉微,脾虚食少,肺虚咳喘,津伤口渴,内热消渴,久病虚弱,惊悸失眠,阳痿宫冷,心力衰竭,一切急慢性疾病及失血后引起的休克、虚脱。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明利用石膏,麻黄,葛根,桂枝,白芍,生姜,大枣,炙甘草,柴胡,半夏,黄芩,人参的有效成分,并且协同相互作用,提供了一种治疗登革热的中药。本发明的一种治疗登革热的中药,治愈登革热并增强患者对登革热病毒的抗体应答,其疗效显著,毒副作用小,治愈后复发率低,并且有优越的保存稳定性。治后不反复发作,其生产方法简单、成本低,适合个体诊所开方治病,也适合各级医院制剂和制药厂生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种治疗登革热的中药,按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏30份,麻黄9份,葛根20份,桂枝9份,白芍9份,生姜10份,大枣20份,炙甘草6份,柴胡10份,半夏10份,黄芩10,人参30份。
实施例2
一种治疗登革热的中药,按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏100份,麻黄20份,葛根60份,桂枝20份,白芍20份,生姜25份,大枣90份,炙甘草20份,柴胡25份,半夏25份,黄芩20,人参10份。
实施例3
一种治疗登革热的中药,按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏100份,麻黄20份,葛根60份,桂枝20份,白芍20份,生姜25份,大枣90份,炙甘草20份,柴胡25份,半夏25份,黄芩20,人参10份,苍术10份,桔梗10份。
实施例4
一种治疗登革热的中药,按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏100份,麻黄20份,葛根60份,桂枝20份,白芍20份,生姜25份,大枣90份,炙甘草20份,柴胡25份,半夏25份,黄芩20,人参10份,苍术30份,桔梗30份。
实施例5
一种治疗登革热的中药,按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏100份,麻黄20份,葛根60份,桂枝20份,白芍20份,生姜25份,大枣90份,炙甘草20份,柴胡25份,半夏25份,黄芩20,党参30份,苍术10份,桔梗20份。
实施例6
一种治疗登革热的中药,按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏100份,麻黄20份,葛根60份,桂枝20份,白芍20份,生姜25份,大枣90份,炙甘草20份,柴胡25份,半夏25份,黄芩20,西洋参30份,苍术10份,桔梗20份。
实施例7
一种治疗登革热的中药,按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏100份,麻黄20份,葛根60份,桂枝20份,白芍20份,生姜25份,大枣90份,炙甘草20份,柴胡25份,半夏25份,黄芩20,太子参30份,苍术30份,桔梗30份。
实施例8本发明中药制剂治疗登革热的临床观察
1、临床资料
选择医院门诊及病房确诊为登革热患者56例。其中男27例,女29例,年龄最大66岁,最小12岁,平均年龄35岁;发病时间最短2大,最长7天。随机分为治疗组和对照组各28例。西医诊断标准参照1990年8月卫生部制定的《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定管理的传染病诊断标准(试行)。凡符合西医诊断标准,中医辨证为登革热,并且在观察期间停服与本病治疗有关的其他中、西药物均为纳入观察对象。
所有患者均以发热起病,其中伴高热、头痛者32例,肌肉、骨节酸痛者29例,反胃欲呕者18例,咳、咽干痛者13例。医疗室检查白细胞含量<4.0×109/L者52例,最低者为9×108/L,血小板含量<1×111/L者46例,最低者为6×109。
登革热临床症状:高热,头痛,肌肉、骨关节剧烈酸痛、部分患者出现皮疹、出血倾向、淋巴结肿大、白细胞计数减少、血小板减少。
2、排除标准
(1)过敏体质或对中药等药物过敏者:
(2)妊娠期或哺乳期妇女:
(3)精神病患者:
(4)合并有心、脑、肝、肾及造血系统等严重原发病者。
3、剔除、脱落病例标准:
(1)入组后发现纳入对象不符合纳人标辭者。
(2)入组后纳入对象中断本研究方案进程者;
(3)试验期间发生严重不良反应事件或病情变化不能继续治疗者。
4、治疗方法:
对照组:从留观开始给予2.0g维生素C加入林格氏液500mL中静脉滴注,每天1次。
治疗组:在对照组的基础上加服本发明实施例5制备的口服剂,每瓶含生药量1g,每日3次,每次1瓶,饭后半小时服用。
对照组患者留观3天后转为治疗组。
5、疗效判定:
显效:临床症状及体征全部或大部分消失,血小板、白细胞恢复正常或明显改善。
有效:床症状及体缓解,血小板、白细胞恢复较慢。
无效:临床症状与体征均无改善。
总有效率=显效率+有效率。
6、治疗效果:
56例患者均完成临床观察,无退出病例。
治疗3天后对两组患者的治疗效果进行观察比较,治疗组28例患者,19例显效,9例有效,0例无效,总有效率100%;对照组28例患者,1例显效,2有效,25例无效,总有效率10.7%,显效例数及总有效率,治疗组明显优于对照组。
治疗3天后,对照组患者开始服用本发明实施例5制备的口服剂,转为治疗组,标记为治疗组-2。原治疗组患者继续接受治疗,标记为治疗组-1。治疗6天后对两组患者的治疗效果进行观察比较,先治疗组28例患者,25例显效,3例有效,0例无效,总有效率100%;后治疗组28例患者,21例显效,7有效,0例无效,总有效率100%。先治疗组和后治疗组的总有效率都达到100%,显效例数方面,先治疗组优于后治疗组。
虽然在上文中已经参考一些实施例对本发明进行了描述,然而在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下,可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是,只要不存在结构冲突,本发明所披露的各个实施例中的各项特征均可通过任意方式相互结合起来使用,在本说明书中未对这些组合的情况进行穷举性的描述是出于省略篇幅和节约资源的考虑。因此,本发明并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例,而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗登革热的中药,其特征在于按下述重量份的药材配方制成:石膏30~100份,麻黄9~20份,葛根20~60份,桂枝9~20份,白芍9~20份,生姜10~25份,大枣20~90份,炙甘草6~20份,柴胡10~25份,半夏10~25份,黄芩10~20,人参10~30份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗登革热的中药,其特征在于:所述配方还包括下述重量份的药材:苍术10~30份,桔梗10~30份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗登革热的中药,其特征在于:所述人参可以替换为选自人参、党参、太子参、西洋参中的至少一种药材及其提取物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的治疗登革热的中药,其特征在于:所述中药为口服剂型。
5.根据权利要求4所述的治疗登革热的中药,其特征在于:所述中药为丸剂或粉冲剂。
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CN110694037A (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-01-17 | 广州中医药大学第一附属医院 | 一种治疗颈椎病、感冒、抑郁症的组合物 |
CN111671880A (zh) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-18 | 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院 | 用于治疗冠状病毒肺炎发热的中药制剂 |
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