CN110279823A - 一种治疗登革热的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗登革热的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药技术领域，具体涉及一种治疗登革热的中药组合物及其制备方法。本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物主要由柴胡、黄芩、党参、法半夏、甘草、石膏、知母、水牛角、北刘寄奴、滑石、薏苡仁和葛根组成。本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物对于暑温初起，卫气同病的急性发热期登革热(非重证)，具有清暑祛湿、益气生津，透邪安络的作用，可以有效缓解登革热患者的临床症状，缩短病程，减轻登革热患者的痛苦，同时还可以降低社会的经济负担。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域，具体涉及一种治疗登革热的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
登革病毒(Dengue virus,DENV)属于黄病毒科(Flavivirade)黄病毒属(Flavivirus)中的一个血清型亚群，是有包膜的单股RNA病毒。其是以埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊等为媒介传播，广泛流行于热带、亚热带地区，一直未得到有效的控制。目前登革热在非洲、美洲、东地中海、东南亚和西太平洋地区100多个国家呈地方性流行，东南亚和西太平洋地区受登革病毒影响尤为严重。登革热好发于夏秋季节，尤以6～10月为高峰，主要临床表现为突起发热，极度乏力，全身肌肉、骨、关节疼痛，皮疹，淋巴结肿大，白细胞、血小板减少等，本病起病急骤，传变迅速，可导致心、肝、肺、肾、脑等多器官损伤。
登革热已成为继疟疾之后全球传播最广的第二大虫媒疾病，随着全球变暖和经贸往来增多全球热带和亚热带地区面临越来越严重的登革感染风险，造成严重的社会负担。目前，西医对登革热尚无特效方法，主要采用对症、支持疗法。中医根据其临床特点和发病季节，登革热可归属于温病学范畴，属中医学的“暑温”、“疫疹”、“湿热疫”等，中医对登革热的治疗有独特的效果。
专利文献CN104940793A公开了一种治疗登革热的中药制剂及其制备方法，所述中药制剂由以下药物制成：牛黄，金银花，黄连，大青叶，白茅根，薏苡仁，砂仁，柴胡，玄参，甘草。该中药制剂组方合理，易于制备，具有清热解毒，健脾化湿，祛痰散热的显著疗效，是一种治疗登革热特别是湿热阻遏证登革热的有效药物。
专利文献CN105943981A公开了一种治疗登革热的中药组合物，所述登革热的中药组合物主要由如意草8-30份、千里光8-30份、穿心莲8-30份、栀子5-18份、寒莓根5-18份、龙葵5-18份、白蔹6-15份、天门冬6-15份、密蒙花5-12份、淡竹叶5-12份、白茅根5-12份、法半夏2-10份、百部2-10份、厚朴2-10份、龙胆草2-10份、甘草5-20份组成。该药剂与现有的药剂相比，能在短期内是登革热的病情得到一定的改善，长期使用可使病情得到缓解，疗效显著。
然而，目前治疗登革热的中药制剂长期使用容易出现中毒性肝炎，且对急性发热期的登革热患者的缓解效果较差，不能达到理想的治疗登革热的效果。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗登革热的中药组合物及其制备方法。本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物可以解决急性发热期登革热患者热程较长、剧烈头痛及关节痛的问题，能有效缩短热程、减轻及缓解患者头痛、关节疼痛及腹泻，减少中毒性肝炎的发生，可避免病情反复，缩短发病时间，减轻病人及社会的经济负担。
本发明提供了一种治疗登革热的中药组合物，包括以下组分及其重量份数：
柴胡20～40份、黄芩10～20份、党参10～20份、法半夏5～15份、甘草2～8份、石膏50～70份、知母10～30份、水牛角20～40份、北刘寄奴20～40份、滑石5～15份、薏苡仁20～40份和葛根20～40份。
进一步地，所述的治疗登革热的中药组合物包括以下组分及其重量份数：
柴胡25～35份、黄芩10～20份、党参10～20份、法半夏5～15份、甘草3～6份、石膏55～65份、知母15～25份、水牛角25～35份、北刘寄奴25～35份、滑石5～15份、薏苡仁25～35份和葛根25～35份。
进一步地，所述的治疗登革热的中药组合物包括以下组分及其重量份数：
柴胡30份、黄芩15份、党参15份、法半夏10份、甘草5份、石膏60份、知母20份、水牛角30份、北刘寄奴30份、滑石10份、薏苡仁30份和葛根30份。
进一步地，所述中药组合物制成口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊、片剂、丸剂、外用贴剂或注射用针剂。
本发明还提供了治疗登革热的中药组合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将石膏、滑石和水牛角加水煎煮50～80分钟，所述水与石膏、滑石和水牛角药材总量的固液比为1g:(5～7)ml，接着加入柴胡、黄芩、党参、法半夏、甘草、知母、北刘寄奴、薏苡仁和葛根，再加入等量的水，继续煎煮1～2h，重复2～3次，收集水煎液，过滤，合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，即得。
另外，本发明还提供了所述的治疗登革热的中药组合物在制备治疗登革热药物中的用途。
进一步地，所述登革热为发热期非重证登革热。
随着今后对工艺的深入研究，经过添加一定的有机溶媒从而达到提高疗效，减少服用量是可以预见的，本发明的方案可以将提取溶剂谁替换成不同浓度的乙醇或者丙酮溶液，其温度会随浓度、压力的变化而变化，但其温度肯定比纯水提的温度要低，这样更有利于有效成分的保留，对登革热的治疗效果可能会更佳。因此，进一步地，所述提取溶剂水可以替换为乙醇、丙酮及其混合液。同时，在今后的深入研究中，可以通过改变提取溶剂的酸碱性而达到提高有效成分的提取率和浓度的作用，从而提高疗效和减少服用量。因此，进一步地，本发明在煎煮的过程中还包括加入酸或碱，所述酸包括但不限于盐酸、硫酸、甲酸和乙酸，所述碱包括但不限于氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠和氨水。
本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物中柴胡(Bupleurum chinense)为伞形科植物柴胡或狭叶柴胡的干燥根；黄芩(Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi)是唇形科黄芩属多年生草本植物；党参(Codonopsis pilosula(Franch.)Nannf.)为桔梗科党参属，多年生草本植物；法半夏为天南星科植物半夏(Pinellia ternata(Thunb)Breit.)的块茎；甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch)为豆科、甘草属多年生草本，根与根状茎粗壮，是一种补益中草药；石膏为含水硫酸钙(CaSO4·2H2O)的矿石；知母(Anemarrhena asphodeloidesBunge)为多年生草本植物；水牛角是中药犀角的代用品，功能有清热，凉血，定惊，解毒；北刘寄奴为玄参科植物阴行草(Siphonostegia chinensis Benth.)的干燥全草；滑石为滑石粉，中成药名，由滑石组成，具有利尿通淋，清热解暑，收湿敛疮的功效；薏苡仁为禾本科植物薏苡(Coix lacryma-jobi L.var.mayuen(Roman.)Stapf)的干燥成熟种仁；葛根(LobedKudzuvine Root)为豆科植物野葛的干燥根。
本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物的配方是基于发明人对登革热急性发热期为中医“暑温夹湿、卫气同病”的认识，制定清暑祛湿，益气生津、透表安络的治疗原则而研发得出的。方中柴胡、石膏、党参为君药，其中柴胡解热透邪，疏泄气机之郁滞，使得暑湿之邪得以疏利，石膏辛寒清气、涤暑泄热，党参益气生津、健脾化湿；配黄芩清热燥湿，泻火解毒，清泄气分之热，柴胡、黄芩相配伍，一散一清，以解外邪；滑石清解暑热，利水渗湿、水牛角清热解毒，凉血安络，以防暑热太盛，伤及营络，葛根解肌退热，发表透疹，升阳止泻，共为臣药；知母清热泻火，滋阴润燥，薏苡仁利水渗湿，健脾止泻，半夏芳香燥湿，兼防寒凉太过而凝滞留邪之弊，北刘寄奴苦、凉，具有活血止痛、清热利湿之功，以上药物共为佐药；甘草益气和中，调和诸药，助党参、薏米仁健脾，又缓石膏、滑石、水牛角寒凉之性，为佐使药。诸药合用，共奏清暑泄热、健脾化湿、益气生津、透表安络之功。
另外，值得注意的是：本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物是基于登革热的发病机理来定的，其配方中的药物结构的改变或者替换为其他同等功效的药材的改变均会大大影响该配方对登革热的治疗效果。
经试验发现，本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物可以有效的缩短登革热患者的发热时间、减轻临床症状、减少中毒性肝炎的发生。在经183例患者的临床应用中，结果发现：应用本发明中药组合物在热程、退热时间明显短于对照组(P＜0.05)，在缓解头痛、关节痛、腹泻等症状，发生中毒性肝炎的几率均显著低于对照组，说明本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物对于缩短发热时间、减轻临床症状、减少中毒性肝炎的发生有明显疗效。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物对于暑温初起，卫气同病的急性发热期登革热(非重证)，具有清暑祛湿、益气生津，透邪安络的作用，可以有效缓解登革热患者的临床症状，缩短病程，减轻登革热患者的痛苦，同时还可以降低社会的经济负担。
具体实施方式：
以下通过具体实施方式的描述对本发明作进一步说明，但这并非是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想，可以做出各种修改或改进，但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想，均在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1、一种治疗登革热的中药组合物
所述治疗登革热的中药组合物由以下组分及其重量份数组成：
柴胡20份、黄芩10份、党参10份、法半夏5份、甘草2份、石膏50份、知母10份、水牛角20份、北刘寄奴20份、滑石5份、薏苡仁20份和葛根20份。
制备方法：
将石膏、滑石和水牛角加水煎煮60分钟，所述水与石膏、滑石和水牛角药材总量的固液比为1g:6ml，接着加入柴胡、黄芩、党参、法半夏、甘草、知母、北刘寄奴、薏苡仁和葛根，再加入等量的水，继续煎煮2h，重复3次，收集水煎液，过滤，合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，加入常规的辅料，制成相应的剂型，即得。
实施例2、一种治疗登革热的中药组合物
所述治疗登革热的中药组合物由以下组分及其重量份数组成：
柴胡30份、黄芩15份、党参15份、法半夏10份、甘草5份、石膏60份、知母20份、水牛角30份、北刘寄奴30份、滑石10份、薏苡仁30份和葛根30份。
制备方法如实施例1类似。
实施例3、一种治疗登革热的中药组合物
所述治疗登革热的中药组合物由以下组分及其重量份数组成：
柴胡40份、黄芩20份、党参20份、法半夏15份、甘草8份、石膏70份、知母30份、水牛角40份、北刘寄奴40份、滑石15份、薏苡仁40份和葛根40份。
制备方法如实施例1类似。
实施例4、一种治疗登革热的中药组合物
所述治疗登革热的中药组合物由以下组分及其重量份数组成：
柴胡25份、黄芩10份、党参10份、法半夏5份、甘草3份、石膏55份、知母15份、水牛角25份、北刘寄奴25份、滑石5份、薏苡仁25份和葛根25份。
制备方法如实施例1类似。
实施例5、一种治疗登革热的中药组合物
所述治疗登革热的中药组合物由以下组分及其重量份数组成：
柴胡35份、黄芩20份、党参20份、法半夏15份、甘草6份、石膏65份、知母25份、水牛角35份、北刘寄奴35份、滑石15份、薏苡仁35份和葛根35份。
制备方法如实施例1类似。
试验例一、治疗登革热的中药组合物的临床应用
1、试验材料：
实施例2制备得到的治疗登革热的中药组合物。
2、试验方法：
在相关的随机对照临床研究中，临床试验来源于广州市第八人民医院，共纳入确诊登革热的急性发热期患者证属于暑温夹湿、卫气同病275例，按2:1比例将患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，对照组给予西医对症处理，治疗组在西医对症处理基础上给予实施例2制备得到的治疗登革热的中药组合物治疗。结果：治疗组纳入183例，对照组92例。2组患者基线资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)，具有可比性。测定治疗组和对照组的退热时间，出现头痛、关节炎症状缓解的时间，出现腹泻症状的缓解时间，出现中毒性肝炎的发生率。
3、试验结果：
试验结果如表1-表4。
表1 热程、退热时间
表2 缓解头痛、关节痛的时间
表3 缓解腹泻的时间
表4 中毒性肝炎发生率
由表1-表4可知，本发明提供的治疗登革热的中药组合物对于缩短发热时间、减轻临床症状、减少中毒性肝炎的发生有明显疗效。
Claims (7)
1.一种治疗登革热的中药组合物，其特征在于，包括以下组分及其重量份数：
柴胡20～40份、黄芩10～20份、党参10～20份、法半夏5～15份、甘草2～8份、石膏50～70份、知母10～30份、水牛角20～40份、北刘寄奴20～40份、滑石5～15份、薏苡仁20～40份和葛根20～40份。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗登革热的中药组合物，其特征在于，包括以下组分及其重量份数：
柴胡25～35份、黄芩10～20份、党参10～20份、法半夏5～15份、甘草3～6份、石膏55～65份、知母15～25份、水牛角25～35份、北刘寄奴25～35份、滑石5～15份、薏苡仁25～35份和葛根25～35份。
3.如权利要求2所述的治疗登革热的中药组合物，其特征在于，包括以下组分及其重量份数：
柴胡30份、黄芩15份、党参15份、法半夏10份、甘草5份、石膏60份、知母20份、水牛角30份、北刘寄奴30份、滑石10份、薏苡仁30份和葛根30份。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的治疗登革热的中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物制成口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊、片剂、丸剂、外用贴剂或注射用针剂。
5.如权利要求1-3任一所述的治疗登革热的中药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将石膏、滑石和水牛角加水煎煮50～80分钟，所述水与石膏、滑石和水牛角药材总量的固液比为1g:(5～7)ml，接着加入柴胡、黄芩、党参、法半夏、甘草、知母、北刘寄奴、薏苡仁和葛根，再加入等量的水，继续煎煮1～2h，重复2～3次，收集水煎液，过滤，合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，即得。
6.如权利要求1-4任一所述的治疗登革热的中药组合物在制备治疗登革热药物中的用途。
7.如权利要求6所述的用途，其特征在于，所述登革热为发热期非重证登革热。
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