CN109379188A - A kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device - Google Patents
A kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109379188A CN109379188A CN201811506414.6A CN201811506414A CN109379188A CN 109379188 A CN109379188 A CN 109379188A CN 201811506414 A CN201811506414 A CN 201811506414A CN 109379188 A CN109379188 A CN 109379188A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0858—Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0819—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s)
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- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device, the unrelated quantum key distribution schemes of specifically a kind of measuring device based on phase code.Legitimate correspondence both sides encode phase information is then sent to third party's progress single order interferometry in light field.Invention introduces reference phase informations, and so as to avoid global phase is used, also there is no need to carry out the PGC demodulation of laser.Reference phase information can be provided by third party, can also be sent phase reference pulse by communicating pair and be measured acquisition in third party.
Description
Technical field
This application involves quantum key distribution fields, and in particular to a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key point of measuring device
Transmitting apparatus.
Background technique
One-time pad Encryption Algorithm is the communication mode for being proved to be perfectly safe being currently known, but due to communicating
It needs to consume a large amount of key in journey, thus it is guaranteed that the secure distribution of key just becomes the key to ensure communication safety.Quantum is close
Key distribution can realize the evincible key distribution of safety based on fundamental principles of quantum mechanics.From first quantum of proposition in 1984
Since cipher key distribution scheme, there are multiple cipher key distribution schemes to be suggested, segmentation scheme has been realized in commercialization.But
It is limited to the factors such as channel loss and detective quantum efficiency, the communication distance of quantum key distribution and further proposing for code rate
Height is all restricted.Communication distance free space experimentally farthest at present is 1200 km, and fibre system is 421 km.Into one
Step improves communication distance and just needs using quantum repeater, but since quantum repeater requires prolonged quantum storage and height
Fidelity is experimentally difficult to realize.
Unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution scheme (the also known as Twin-Field quantum key of the measuring device proposed in the recent period
Distribution approach) interfered using two coherent states fields progress single orders at code, for quantum key distribution communication distance before breaching
Limitation, code rate and the directly proportional relationship of communication distance (or channel loss) evolution in the program, to substantially increase logical
Communication distance and code rate.But since the program requires communicating pair laser to carry out PGC demodulation, considerably increase experiment difficulty.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of experimental programs for being easier to realize.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key delivering method of measuring device, for solving quantum key point
It is short to send out communication distance, the low problem of code rate.
To reach above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention provides a kind of measuring device unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution dress
It sets, comprising:
Legal the first communication ends and the second communication ends and incredible third party test side；
Wherein, first communication ends and the second communication ends are used to carry out the preparation of quantum state, include phase-modulator and light
Attenuator；First communication ends and the second communication ends are according to performed quantum key distribution agreement by phase-modulator to signal
Pulsed light carries out phase-modulation, and the modulating mode of phase-modulator includes random switching coding mode and trick mode；By
The pulsed light of phase-modulation decays to specific pulse intensity by optical attenuator；
The third party test side is for carrying out single order interferometry, including beam splitter, the first single photon measuring appliance and the second list
Photon survey device；The light pulse signal that preparation is completed is sent third party test side by first communication ends and the second communication ends, leads to
It crosses and sends beam splitter progress single order interferometry for pulsed light, the pulse of result two-beam is exported, respectively by the first single-photon detecting
It surveys device and the reception of the second single-photon detector measures, and announce measurement result.
Wherein, a light source is respectively set before the phase-modulator of first communication ends and the second communication ends, to root
Signal pulse is generated according to the distribution of quantum key agreement of execution.
Wherein, the first photoswitch and the second photoswitch is arranged in the third party test side, respectively corresponds the first communication of reception
The light pulse at end and the transmission of the second communication ends；The first photoswitch and beam splitter and or the second photoswitch and beam splitter between set
Second phase modulator is set, for carrying out phase compensation, to eliminate the influence of pulse initial phase.
The third party test side further includes a relative phase measurement module, is separately connected first photoswitch and second
The light pulse signal that the light source of photoswitch, first communication ends and the second communication ends generates includes phase reference pulse and measurement
Signal pulse, first photoswitch and the second photoswitch send relative phase measurement module for phase reference pulse and survey
Amount, while sending beam splitter for measuring signal pulse and carrying out single order interference.
Wherein, the light source of first communication ends and the second communication ends is generated by third party test side, third party test side
Light source connect beam splitter by first annular device, be divided into two bundles by beam splitter and be separately sent to the first communication ends and second logical
Believe end.
Wherein, the optical attenuator of the first communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected the second beam splitter of setting, the second beam splitting
A part of light that device beam splitting is formed passes through optical attenuator respectively and enters phase-modulator, while one being arranged after phase-modulator
Intensity modulator；Light pulse is reflected after intensity modulator injection by faraday mirror.
Wherein, the second beam splitter of the first communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected a photodetector, receives second
Another part light that beam splitter beam splitting is formed is detected, and carries out eavesdropping operation to monitor whether listener-in can inject strong light.
Wherein, when phase-modulator selects to execute coding mode, pulse strength is adjusted by intensity modulator and makes the
The volume volume output intensity of one communication ends and the second communication ends is |α|2, and random key is encoded by phase-modulator；Work as phase
When modulator selection executes trick mode, according to the trick state agreement adjusting strength modulator used, and pass through phase-modulator
Random phase is encoded, the light pulse after coding is returned to third party test side, carries out single order interference by beam splitter, and use
First single-photon detector and second people's single-photon detector measure.
Wherein, beam splitter is divided into two bundles be separately sent to the first communication ends and the second communication ends after, respectively first communication
Second circulator and third circulator are set in end and the second communication ends, and light pulse is led in the first communication ends and the second communication ends
It crosses the second circulator and third circulator is sent to the second beam splitter, the second beam splitter bonding strength modulator, beam splitter beam splitting
A part of light formed respectively enters intensity modulator, phase-modulator, optical attenuator, inveigle state and key information plus
It carries；The beam splitter into third party test side carries out single order interference later, exports result by the first single-photon detector and second
Single-photon detector reception measures, and announces measurement result.
Wherein, the second beam splitter of the first communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected a photodetector, and beam splitting is formed
Another part light detected by photodetector, carry out eavesdropping operation to monitor whether listener-in can inject strong light.
It is different from the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key delivering method of measuring device, should
Communication means and system realize the encoding and decoding of key by introducing phase reference, without carrying out laser phase-locking and phase
It is selected behind position, greatly reduces the realization difficulty of experiment and improve into code rate；It eliminates since signal pulse initial phase is different
And the problem of being selected after needing phase, code rate can be effectively improved into.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of a kind of embodiment party of the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device proposed by the present invention
The configuration diagram of formula；
Fig. 2 is a kind of another embodiment frame of the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device proposed by the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is to prepare signal optical source in a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device proposed by the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of equipment needed for three kinds of different modes；
Fig. 4 is a kind of frame of the unrelated another embodiment of phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device proposed by the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is a kind of frame of the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device a further embodiment of measuring device proposed by the present invention
Structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution devices of measuring device, comprising:
Legal the first communication ends and the second communication ends and incredible third party test side；
Wherein, the first communication ends and the second communication ends are used to carry out the preparation of quantum state, include phase-modulator and optical attenuation
Device；First communication ends and the second communication ends are according to performed quantum key distribution agreement by phase-modulator to signal pulse
Light carries out phase-modulation, and the modulating mode of phase-modulator includes random switching coding mode and trick mode；By phase
The pulsed light of modulation decays to specific pulse intensity by optical attenuator；
The third party test side is for carrying out single order interferometry, including beam splitter, the first single photon measuring appliance and the second list
Photon survey device；The light pulse signal that preparation is completed is sent third party test side by first communication ends and the second communication ends, leads to
It crosses and sends beam splitter progress single order interferometry for pulsed light, the pulse of result two-beam is exported, respectively by the first single-photon detecting
It surveys device and the reception of the second single-photon detector measures, and announce measurement result.
Wherein, a light source is respectively set before the phase-modulator of first communication ends and the second communication ends, to root
Signal pulse is generated according to the distribution of quantum key agreement of execution.
Wherein, the first photoswitch and the second photoswitch is arranged in the third party test side, respectively corresponds the first communication of reception
The light pulse at end and the transmission of the second communication ends；The first photoswitch and beam splitter and or the second photoswitch and beam splitter between set
Second phase modulator is set, for carrying out phase compensation, to eliminate the influence of pulse initial phase.
The third party test side further includes a relative phase measurement module, is separately connected first photoswitch and second
The light pulse signal that the light source of photoswitch, first communication ends and the second communication ends generates includes phase reference pulse and measurement
Signal pulse, first photoswitch and the second photoswitch send relative phase measurement module for phase reference pulse and survey
Amount, while sending beam splitter for measuring signal pulse and carrying out single order interference.
Wherein, the light source of first communication ends and the second communication ends is generated by third party test side, third party test side
Light source connect beam splitter by first annular device, be divided into two bundles by beam splitter and be separately sent to the first communication ends and second logical
Believe end.
Wherein, the optical attenuator of the first communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected the second beam splitter of setting, the second beam splitting
A part of light that device beam splitting is formed passes through optical attenuator respectively and enters phase-modulator, while one being arranged after phase-modulator
Intensity modulator；Light pulse is reflected after intensity modulator injection by faraday mirror.
Wherein, the second beam splitter of the first communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected a photodetector, receives second
Another part light that beam splitter beam splitting is formed is detected, and carries out eavesdropping operation to monitor whether listener-in can inject strong light.
Wherein, when phase-modulator selects to execute coding mode, pulse strength is adjusted by intensity modulator and makes the
The volume volume output intensity of one communication ends and the second communication ends is |α|2, and random key is encoded by phase-modulator；Work as phase
When modulator selection executes trick mode, according to the trick state agreement adjusting strength modulator used, and pass through phase-modulator
Random phase is encoded, the light pulse after coding is returned to third party test side, carries out single order interference by beam splitter, and use
First single-photon detector and second people's single-photon detector measure.
Wherein, beam splitter is divided into two bundles be separately sent to the first communication ends and the second communication ends after, respectively first communication
Second circulator and third circulator are set in end and the second communication ends, and light pulse is led in the first communication ends and the second communication ends
It crosses the second circulator and third circulator is sent to the second beam splitter, the second beam splitter bonding strength modulator, beam splitter beam splitting
A part of light formed respectively enters intensity modulator, phase-modulator, optical attenuator, inveigle state and key information plus
It carries；The beam splitter into third party test side carries out single order interference later, exports result by the first single-photon detector and second
Single-photon detector reception measures, and announces measurement result.
Wherein, the second beam splitter of the first communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected a photodetector, and beam splitting is formed
Another part light detected by photodetector, carry out eavesdropping operation to monitor whether listener-in can inject strong light.
Following is numerous embodiments provided by the invention.In the following embodiments, the first communication ends and the second communication
End indicates that third party test side is indicated with insincere third party Charlie with legitimate correspondence both sides Alice and Bob.
Related agreement description:
1. legitimate correspondence both sides Alice and Bob respectively random selection coding mode (X yl) and inveigle mode (Z yl).
2. when selecting trick mode (Z yl), Alice(Bob) the random coherent state light pulse of preparation phase.Pulse strength
It is determined according to used trick state agreement.
3. when selecting coding mode (X yl), Alice(Bob) according to the key information code phase information of transmission.Such as
It is encoded to 0 or π, respectively corresponds 0 or 1 bit.
The quantum state of preparation is sent to insincere third party Charlie by 4.Alice and Bob.Charlie is receiving arteries and veins
It rushes after signal and interferometry is carried out to it, and announce measurement result.
In this agreement, as Alice(Bob) it selects to need to encode 0 or π phase when coding mode (X yl), therefore, it is necessary to
Alice and Bob shares a fixed phase.Fixed phase can be realized by two lasers of PGC demodulation, but be tested
Realize that difficulty is larger.
First embodiment: as shown in Figure 1, being the one of a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device
A configuration diagram.
As shown in Figure 1, the quantum key distribution system 100 is using laser of decaying by force as Communication ray, it may include legitimate correspondence
Both sides Alice 110 and Bob 120, insincere third party Charlie 130.Wherein, 110 He of legitimate correspondence both sides Alice
Bob 120 carry out quantum state preparation, can be by light source 111(121), phase-modulator 112(122), optical attenuator 113(123)
Composition.Third party Charlie 130 carries out single order interferometry as measurement end, can be by photoswitch 131 and 132, relative phase
Measurement module 133, beam splitter 136, the first single-photon detector 134 and the second single-photon detector 135 composition.Photoswitch 132
It is only distinguished with 132 corresponding first photoswitches and the second photoswitch because the two effect is identical in figure with label, not with name
Referred to as distinguish.
Light source 111(121) according to performed quantum key distribution agreement generation phase reference pulsed light and signal pulse
Light, and pass through phase-modulator 112(122) phase-modulation is carried out to signal pulse.Assuming that phase reference pulse and signal pulse
Initial phase be respectivelyΦ 0WithΨ 0.Phase-modulator 112(122) random switching coding mode (X yl) and inveigle mode (Z
Base), random coded 0 or π phase under coding mode, the random coded phase under trick modeθ,θ∈ [0,2 π), wherein θ can
With continuously distributed in 0 to 2 π, fixed several discrete values can also be taken.Pass through optical attenuation by the light pulse of phase-modulation
Device 113(123) decay to suitable pulse strength.The light pulse signal prepared is sent to insincere by communicating pair later
Phase reference pulse is sent to relatively after receiving light pulse signal by photoswitch by tripartite Charlie 130, Charlie
Phase measurement module 133, and relative phase measurement is carried out to the phase reference pulse sent by Alice 110 and Bob 120.Letter
Feel the pulse punching then by photoswitch be sent to beam splitter 136 carry out single order interferometry, interference output by two single-photon detectors into
Row measurement.After measurement terminates, Charlie 130 announces all measurement results, the relative phase including phase reference pulse
And the interferometry result of signal pulse.
Due to Alice 110(Bob 120) send a pair of of phase reference pulse and signal pulse by the same light source system
Standby, therefore, initial phase has fixed phase difference, after optical fiber transmits, since it undergoes identical propagation path, because
This, channel is also identical to the change of the two phase.Pass through the opposite of the measurement Alice and Bob phase reference pulse sent
Phase is obtained with the opposite initial phase of signal pulse.Since there is no carry out just for the light source of Alice 110 and Bob 120
Beginning PGC demodulation, therefore it is completely random with respect to initial phase, the signal pulse for only selecting initial phase same or similar
Carry out into code.It should be noted that this processing method can have the intrinsic bit error rate since relative phase is not exactly the same.
The relative phase measurement module 133 of phase reference pulse can be before beam splitter 136, as shown in Figure 1, can also be with
It is carried out after beam splitter 136, needs for photoswitch 131 and 132 to be placed on after beam splitter 136 accordingly.It can guarantee in this way
Phase reference pulse and signal pulse undergo identical light path.
By being surveyed to the phase reference pulse relative phase of Alice 110 and Bob 120 transmission in present embodiment
Amount can deduce the relative phase of signal pulse.Phase reference pulse is actually in Alice 110 and Bob 120 and third
Shared fixed phase is established between square Charlie 130.The light source that the program is not required for sender 110 and 120 has phase
Same initial phase does not need to carry out PGC demodulation yet, thus greatly reduces the requirement tested to light source.
Second embodiment: as shown in Fig. 2, for a kind of the another of the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device
The configuration diagram of one embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 2, the quantum key distribution system 200 is using laser of decaying by force as Communication ray, it may include legitimate correspondence
Both sides Alice 210 and Bob 220, insincere third party Charlie 230.Alice 210(Bob 220 in the program) preparation
The method of pulse signal is identical as scheme shown in Fig. 1.Pass through the first photoswitch 231 after Charlie 230 receives light pulse
Phase reference pulse is sent to relative phase measurement module 233 with the second photoswitch 232, according to the opposite of phase reference pulse
Phase measurement can deduce signal pulse initial phase difference, and Charlie 230 is right by second phase modulator 237
The signal pulse that Alice 210 or Bob 220 is sent carries out phase compensation.Not due to the light source of Alice 210 and Bob 220
There is carry out PGC demodulation, therefore the initial phase of signal pulse is different.The phase compensation carried out by phase-modulator 237 can be with
Eliminate the different influence of initial phase.Phase compensation can be carried out by the signal pulse sent to Alice 210, can also be right
The signal pulse of Bob 220 carries out or the two carries out simultaneously.Signal pulse by phase compensation by beam splitter 236 into
Row single order interferometry.Third party Charlie 230 can announce measurement result, and sender 210 and 220 is public according to third party 230
The measurement result of cloth carries out error correction and privacy amplification process obtains final security key at code.
In present embodiment, after relative phase of the third party Charlie 230 to phase reference pulse measures
It is compensated by phase of the phase-modulator 237 to signal pulse.The program can be eliminated due to signal pulse initial phase
It is different and need the problem of selecting after phase, code rate can be effectively improved into.
Light source can be (but are not limited to) continuous wave laser by external modulation (as used in first and second kinds of embodiments
Intensity modulator or amplitude modulator) mode cut into pulsed light.Fig. 3 illustrates several possible light source preparation methods, Fig. 3
(a) laser that continuous wave laser 311 issues in is cut into pulsed light by intensity modulator 312.Since phase reference pulse is strong
Degree is much higher than signal pulse intensity, and therefore, it is necessary to use High Extinction Ratio intensity modulator.By adjusting load in intensity modulator
On voltage generate phase reference pulse and signal pulse respectively.Fig. 3 (b) illustrates another method for generating light pulse.Even
Continuous laser 321 cuts into pulsed light after intensity modulator 322, is divided into two beams by beam splitter 323, wherein light beam is straight
It is connected to up to bundling device 324 and is used as phase reference pulse.Another beam reaches bundling device 324 through overdamping 325 and after being delayed as letter
It feels the pulse punching.Since phase reference pulse and signal pulse are originated from the same light pulse signal, as long as guaranteeing that delay is constant
Two pulses with fixed skew can be obtained.Alternatively possible light source implementation is illustrated in Fig. 3 (c).Pass through two
A cascade mode of intensity modulator 332 and 333 improves extinction ratio.
Third embodiment: as shown in figure 4, it is another to divide method to unite for a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key of measuring device
The configuration diagram of one embodiment.
The quantum key distribution system 400 shown in Fig. 4 may include legitimate correspondence both sides using laser of decaying by force as Communication ray
Alice 410 and Bob 420, insincere third party Charlie 430.Scheme uses plug and play structure, and light source is by can not
Believe that third party Charlie 430 is provided.Light source 435 emits pulsed light by being divided into two beams by beam splitter 431 after circulator 433
It is sent respectively to two legitimate correspondence both sides 410 and 420.After light pulse reaches 410 and 420, the second beam splitter is first passed around
It 415(425) separates part light to be detected using photodetector 416(426), for monitoring whether listener-in can inject strong light
Carry out eavesdropping operation.Optical attenuator 414(424 is successively passed through in light pulse later), phase-modulator 413(423), intensity modulator
It is reflected after 412(422) by faraday mirror 411(421).Here the position of intensity modulator and phase-modulator can be interchanged.Light
Pulse is adjusted every pulse light intensity by intensity modulator 412(422) after reflection and inveigles state scheme for implementing.Phase-modulation
Device 413(423) for loading phase information.Coding mode (X yl) and trick mode (Z yl) carry out at random.When selection executes volume
When pattern (X yl), by intensity modulator 412(422) adjust pulse strength make 410(420) output intensity be |α|2, and
Random key is encoded by phase-modulator 413(423).When selection executes trick mode (Z yl), according to the trick state used
Agreement adjusting strength modulator, and random phase is encoded by phase-modulator.Light pulse after coding is returned to third party
430 carry out single order interference by beam splitter 431, and are measured using single-photon detector 432 and 433.
Sender 410 and 420 is originated from the same pulse (by third party for the light pulse signal of coding in the embodiment
430 provide), therefore initial phase having the same.But due to different by two subpulse experience after beam splitter 431
Optical fiber, the phase change of the two may be different.Therefore, sender can be provided by way of preparing phase reference pulse
Phase reference, for demarcating the phase change due to caused by change in optical path length.The preparation method of phase reference pulse refers to Fig. 3.
Plug and play structure is used in present embodiment, light pulse reaches legitimate correspondence from third party Charlie 430
Backtracking after being reflected after both sides Alice 410 and Bob 420 by faraday mirror, this structure can be polarized automatically
Compensation.The polarization state having the same when photon returns to the beam splitter 431 of third party Charlie 430, to guarantee high do
Relate to visibility.
4th embodiment: as shown in figure 5, for a kind of the another of the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device
The configuration diagram of one embodiment.
Quantum key distribution system 500 shown in Fig. 5 may include legitimate correspondence both sides using laser of decaying by force as Communication ray
Alice 510 and Bob 520, insincere third party Charlie 530.Light source 534 emits pulsed light by after circulator 533
Communicating pair 510 and 520 is sent respectively to by beam splitter 531.Light pulse signal reaches Alice 510(Bob 520) after,
First pass around the second circulator 517(527) and the second circulator 513(523) it is transmitted directly to Bob 520(Alice later
510).The function of first annular device and the second circulator is identical, because there is label in figure, therefore no longer with the first and secondth area
Point.Beam splitter 522(512 is reached by circulator 523(513)), optical signal is detected by photodetector 521(511) all the way, is used
In having monitored whether that listener-in is eavesdropped, (listener-in can be by sending intense light pulse, and in Alice 520 and Bob 510
Intense light pulse is measured after coding to extract the phase information of coding).Another way light pulse signal passes sequentially through by force
Degree modulator 524(514), phase-modulator 525(515) carry out inveigle state and key information load.Light pulse after coding
Third party 530 is sent back by decaying.Third party carries out single order interference by beam splitter 531 after receiving light pulse and makes
It is measured with single-photon detector 533 and 532 pair result of interference.
Loop structure is used in present embodiment, in addition to transmitting base station 510 and 520, in sender 510(520)
Light pulse all experienced identical light path between third party 530 and between sender 510 and 520.As long as guaranteeing in base station
Portion's light path is stablized, and the self compensation of phase may be implemented in this structure, without being additionally provided phase reference.
It is different from the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key delivering method of measuring device, should
Communication means and system realize the encoding and decoding of key by introducing phase reference, without carrying out laser phase-locking and phase
It is selected behind position, greatly reduces the realization difficulty of experiment and improve into code rate；It eliminates since signal pulse initial phase is different
And the problem of being selected after needing phase, code rate can be effectively improved into.
Those skilled in the art after considering the specification and implementing the invention disclosed here, will readily occur to of the invention its
Its embodiment.This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention, these modifications, purposes or
Person's adaptive change follows general principle of the invention and including the undocumented common knowledge in the art of the present invention
Or conventional techniques.The description and examples are only to be considered as illustrative, and true scope and spirit of the invention are by following
Claim is pointed out.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the application, not to limit the application, all essences in the application
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should be included within the scope of the application protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device characterized by comprising
Legal the first communication ends and the second communication ends and incredible third party test side；
Wherein, first communication ends and the second communication ends are used to carry out the preparation of quantum state, include phase-modulator and light
Attenuator；First communication ends and the second communication ends are according to performed quantum key distribution agreement by phase-modulator to signal
Pulsed light carries out phase-modulation, and the modulating mode of phase-modulator includes random switching coding mode and trick mode；By
The pulsed light of phase-modulation decays to specific pulse intensity by optical attenuator；
The third party test side is for carrying out single order interferometry, including beam splitter, the first single photon measuring appliance and the second list
Photon survey device；The light pulse signal that preparation is completed is sent third party test side by first communication ends and the second communication ends, leads to
It crosses and sends beam splitter progress single order interferometry for pulsed light, the pulse of result two-beam is exported, respectively by the first single-photon detecting
It surveys device and the reception of the second single-photon detector measures, and announce measurement result.
2. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
A light source is respectively set before the phase-modulator of first communication ends and the second communication ends, to according to the quantum key of execution point
It sends out agreement and generates signal pulse.
3. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Third party test side further includes a relative phase measurement module, is separately connected first photoswitch and the second photoswitch, described
The light pulse signal that the light source of first communication ends and the second communication ends generates includes phase reference pulse and measuring signal pulse, institute
It states the first photoswitch and the second photoswitch and sends relative phase measurement module for phase reference pulse and measure, while will survey
Amount signal pulse is sent to beam splitter and carries out single order interference.
4. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
The first photoswitch and the second photoswitch is arranged in third party test side, respectively corresponds and receives the first communication ends and the transmission of the second communication ends
Light pulse；The first photoswitch and beam splitter and or the second photoswitch and beam splitter between be arranged second phase modulator, use
In carrying out phase compensation, to eliminate the influence of signal pulse initial phase.
5. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
The light source of first communication ends and the second communication ends is generated by third party test side, and the light source of third party test side is by first annular
Device connects beam splitter, is divided into two bundles by beam splitter and is separately sent to the first communication ends and the second communication ends.
6. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that first
The optical attenuator of communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected the second beam splitter of setting,
A part of light that second beam splitter beam splitting is formed passes through optical attenuator respectively and enters phase-modulator, while in phase-modulation
One intensity modulator is set after device；
Light pulse is reflected after intensity modulator injection by faraday mirror.
7. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that first
Second beam splitter of communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected a photodetector, receives the another of the second beam splitter beam splitting formation
A part of light is detected, and carries out eavesdropping operation to monitor whether listener-in can inject strong light.
8. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that work as phase
When position modulator selection executes coding mode, pulse strength is adjusted by intensity modulator, the first communication ends and second are communicated
The volume volume output intensity at end, and random key is encoded by phase-modulator；When phase-modulator selects to execute trick mode,
Random phase is encoded according to the trick state agreement adjusting strength modulator used, and by phase-modulator, the light arteries and veins after coding
Punching is returned to third party test side, carries out single order interference by beam splitter, and use the first single-photon detector and the second people
Single-photon detector measures.
9. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that beam splitting
Device is divided into two bundles be separately sent to the first communication ends and the second communication ends after, set in the first communication ends and the second communication ends respectively
The second circulator and third circulator are set, light pulse passes through the second circulator and third in the first communication ends and the second communication ends
Circulator is sent to the second beam splitter, the second beam splitter bonding strength modulator, a part of light difference that beam splitter beam splitting is formed
Into intensity modulator, phase-modulator, optical attenuator, the load for inveigling state and key information is carried out；Enter third party later
The beam splitter of test side carries out single order interference, output result by the first single-photon detector and the second single-photon detector receive into
Row measurement, and announce measurement result.
10. the unrelated phase matched quantum key distribution device of measuring device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
Second beam splitter of one communication ends and the second communication ends is separately connected a photodetector, and another part light that beam splitting is formed is by light
Electric explorer detection, carries out eavesdropping operation to monitor whether listener-in can inject strong light.
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