CN109374926B - High-sensitivity transverse acceleration test method and device for fiber bragg grating - Google Patents
High-sensitivity transverse acceleration test method and device for fiber bragg grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374926B CN109374926B CN201811425726.4A CN201811425726A CN109374926B CN 109374926 B CN109374926 B CN 109374926B CN 201811425726 A CN201811425726 A CN 201811425726A CN 109374926 B CN109374926 B CN 109374926B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/03—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means
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Abstract
The invention provides a fiber grating high-sensitivity transverse acceleration test method and a device thereof, and relates to the technical field of transverse vibration monitoring. The device comprises a testing device, wherein the testing device comprises an outer frame, a dead weight pendulum bob capable of oscillating left and right relative to a vertical plane along with horizontal vibration of a tested object is arranged in the outer frame, an optical fiber grating fixed with an upper frame of the outer frame is respectively fixed on two sides of the pendulum bob in an oscillating manner, and when transverse vibration of which the propagation direction is parallel to a horizontal plane occurs, a function relation and a calculation method between strain increment and strain decrement of the optical fiber grating tester and the two optical fiber gratings and acceleration of the tested object can be utilized to realize the test of the transverse acceleration of the tested object. The test method and the device thereof have simple structure, easy manufacture, high sensitivity and high longitudinal inhibition ratio, are only sensitive to transverse acceleration, and can conveniently realize high-precision test of the transverse acceleration of the tested object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transverse vibration monitoring, in particular to a fiber bragg grating high-sensitivity transverse acceleration test method and a device thereof.
Background
In the fields of civil engineering structure safety monitoring and the like, vibration monitoring is very common and particularly important, and the vibration monitoring needs to depend on an acceleration sensor.
Although conventional electrical acceleration sensors (including piezoresistive acceleration sensors, piezoelectric acceleration sensors, capacitive acceleration sensors, etc.) have been developed for a long time, the technology is mature, but the conventional electrical acceleration sensors have many limitations, such as being easy to suffer from electromagnetic interference, being unable to transmit for a long distance, having high cost for large-area multiplexing, being easy to suffer from corrosion caused by water vapor, etc. The advent of fiber optic sensing technology has provided the possibility to address these challenges.
At present, the fiber vibration sensor based on wavelength modulation is most common with a Bragg fiber grating acceleration sensor, and has the remarkable characteristics of electromagnetic interference resistance, long-distance transmission, easiness in networking and the like. The structure of the Bragg fiber grating acceleration sensor mostly adopts a beam type (a simple beam, a cantilever beam, a special beam and the like) structure. Because of the characteristics of the structure, most of the bragg fiber bragg grating acceleration sensors are used for vertical acceleration test, research is focused on the longitudinal direction Zeng Min, and meanwhile, the sensitivity of the transverse acceleration is restrained (such as patent CN205246695U, which only responds to longitudinal vibration, and the transverse restraint ratio is high), so that research on the transverse acceleration Zeng Min is rarely involved. Although part of the fiber bragg grating acceleration sensor can be tested in a transposition installation mode, zero drift can occur in transposition use, stability is poor, monitoring precision is poor, and the use requirement cannot be met.
In the fields of side slope dangerous rock falling and falling positioning, earthquake monitoring and the like, transverse vibration monitoring analysis and the requirement on precision are particularly important and strict, and no high-precision method and device exist at present, so that the method and device become a bottleneck for restricting the safety monitoring of a transverse vibration high-precision high-sensitivity engineering structure. Therefore, development of a lateral high-sensitivity acceleration test method and a device thereof is highly and urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fiber grating high-sensitivity lateral acceleration test method and a device thereof, which solve the problem that the conventional fiber grating sensor cannot accurately test lateral acceleration. The test method and the device thereof have simple structure, easy manufacture, high sensitivity and high longitudinal inhibition ratio, are only sensitive to transverse acceleration, and can conveniently realize high-precision test of the transverse acceleration of the tested object.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method is characterized by comprising a testing device, wherein the testing device comprises an outer frame, a dead weight pendulum bob capable of swinging left and right relative to a vertical plane along with horizontal vibration of a tested object is arranged in the outer frame, an optical fiber grating 7 fixed with the outer frame is respectively fixed on two sides of the dead weight pendulum bob swinging, and the two optical fiber gratings are connected with an optical fiber grating tester through optical fibers; when the measured object vibrates horizontally, the transverse acceleration of the measured object is tested by utilizing the function relation and the calculation method between the strain increment and the strain decrement of the two fiber gratings and the acceleration.
Further, the calculation method includes a formula Δl=rθ, where Δl is a length variation of the fiber bragg grating; θ is the deflection angle of the pendulum; r is the effective radius of rotation of the pendulum.
The deflection angle and acceleration of the pendulum have the following relationship:
where a is acceleration and g is gravitational acceleration.
When θ is small:
the strain of the fiber bragg grating 7 fixed between the upper frame of the outer frame and the pendulum is:
Wherein epsilon is the strain of the fiber bragg grating; l is the length of the fiber bragg grating fixed between the upper frame of the outer frame and the pendulum bob.
The relationship between the central wavelength and the strain of the fiber grating is as follows:
Wherein delta lambda is the variation of the central wavelength of the fiber grating; the center wavelength of the lambda fiber grating; pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the fiber material.
The sensitivity of the test device is determined by formulas ② to ⑤:
Preferably, the fiber grating 7 is a common silica Bragg fiber grating, and the elasto-optical coefficient is 0.78.
The testing device for the high-sensitivity transverse acceleration testing method of the fiber bragg grating is characterized by comprising an outer frame, wherein a dead weight pendulum bob capable of swinging left and right relative to a vertical plane along with horizontal vibration of a tested object is arranged in the outer frame, a fiber bragg grating fixed with the outer frame is respectively fixed on two side edges of the dead weight pendulum bob, and the two fiber bragg gratings are connected with a fiber bragg grating tester through optical fibers; when the measured object vibrates horizontally, the transverse acceleration of the measured object is tested by utilizing the function relation and the calculation method between the strain increment and the strain decrement of the two fiber gratings and the acceleration.
The problem that the conventional fiber bragg grating sensor cannot accurately test transverse acceleration can be solved. The test method and the device thereof have simple structure, easy manufacture, high sensitivity and high longitudinal inhibition ratio, are only sensitive to transverse acceleration, and can conveniently realize high-precision test of the transverse acceleration of the tested object.
Preferably, the outer frame is provided with a horizontal bottom frame and an upper frame which can be fixed on a horizontal vibration object to be measured, the outer frame further comprises 2 vertical frames, two centers are oppositely arranged on the same horizontal swinging central axis position of the 2 vertical frames, the two centers are respectively in free running fit with two conical blind holes on two sides of the pendulum bob, and the other ends of two fiber gratings fixed on two sides of the pendulum bob swinging with dead weight are fixed with the upper frame and penetrate through the upper frame through holes; when the dead weight pendulum bob is in a vertical static state, the two fiber gratings are in a vertical parallel type; the fiber bragg grating tester 1 is connected with the two fiber bragg gratings through optical fibers; the center and the pendulum bob are both made of metal materials.
The high-precision test of the lateral acceleration of the tested object can be realized more conveniently and better.
Furthermore, the end, fixed to the side edge of the pendulum bob, of the fiber bragg grating can be prolonged and penetrates out of the outer frame through the hole.
Preferably, the center is provided with a structure with adjustable horizontal direction. Convenient to use.
Preferably, the adjustable structure is: the rear part of the center is provided with external threads matched with threaded holes on the two vertical frames. Convenient to use.
Preferably, the top of the dead weight pendulum is a semi-cylindrical top. Convenient to use.
Further, the gravity center of the dead weight pendulum bob is lower than the swing central axis; the outer frame also comprises six surfaces, so that the outer frame is a closed box; a closed box with a rectangular parallelepiped shape; the fiber bragg grating is fixed at two ends in a bonding or welding mode; further, the center and the pendulum bob are both made of metal materials; the fiber bragg grating is a common Bragg fiber bragg grating; further, the ordinary fiber bragg grating is an ordinary silica fiber bragg grating, and the elasto-optical coefficient of the ordinary fiber bragg grating is 0.78.
The invention has the positive effects that: the invention aims to provide a fiber bragg grating high-sensitivity lateral acceleration test method and a device thereof, which solve the problem that the conventional sensor cannot test lateral acceleration. The test method and the device thereof have simple structure, easy manufacture, high sensitivity and high longitudinal inhibition ratio, are only sensitive to transverse acceleration, and can conveniently realize high-precision test of the transverse acceleration of the tested piece of the bar.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a testing device used in a method for testing high-sensitivity lateral acceleration of an optical fiber grating according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
The meaning of each reference numeral in the figures is: 1. the optical fiber grating tester comprises a fiber grating tester 2, (fiber grating high-sensitivity lateral acceleration) testing device, 3, optical fibers, 4, an outer frame, 4-1, an upper frame, 4-2, a horizontal lower frame, 4-3, 4-4, a vertical frame, 5, (dead weight) pendulum bob, 5-1, semi-cylindrical top parts 5-2, 5-3, tapered blind holes, 6, center, 7, fiber grating, 7-1, left fiber grating, 7-2 and right fiber grating.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As a specific embodiment of the method of the invention. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method is characterized by comprising a testing device 2, wherein the testing device 2 comprises an outer frame 4, a dead weight pendulum 5 capable of swinging left and right relative to a vertical plane along with horizontal vibration of a tested object is arranged in the outer frame 4, an optical fiber grating 7 fixed with the outer frame 4 is respectively fixed on two sides of swinging of the dead weight pendulum 5, and the two optical fiber gratings 7 are connected with an optical fiber grating tester 1 through optical fibers 2; when the measured object vibrates horizontally, the transverse acceleration of the measured object is tested by utilizing the function relation and the calculation method between the strain increment and the strain decrement of the two fiber gratings 7 and the acceleration.
The method can solve the problem that the conventional fiber bragg grating sensor cannot accurately test transverse acceleration. The test method and the device thereof have simple structure, easy manufacture, high sensitivity and high longitudinal inhibition ratio, are only sensitive to transverse acceleration, and can conveniently realize high-precision test of the transverse acceleration of the tested object.
As a specific embodiment of the method of the invention. Further, the calculation method includes a formula Δl=rθ, where Δl is a length variation of the optical fiber; θ is the deflection angle of the pendulum 5; r is the effective radius of rotation of the pendulum 5.
The deflection angle and acceleration of the pendulum 5 have the following relationship:
where a is acceleration and g is gravitational acceleration.
When θ is small:
The strain of the fiber bragg grating 7 fixed between the upper frame 4-1 of the outer frame 4 and the pendulum 5 is:
wherein epsilon is the strain of the fiber bragg grating; l is the length of the fiber bragg grating 7 fixed between the upper frame 4-1 of the outer frame 4 and the pendulum 5.
The relationship between the center wavelength and strain of the fiber grating 7 is:
Wherein Deltalambda is the variation of the central wavelength of the fiber bragg grating 7; the center wavelength of the lambda fiber grating 7; pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the fiber material.
The sensitivity of the fiber bragg grating high-sensitivity lateral acceleration testing device is obtained by ② - ⑤:
As a specific embodiment of the method of the invention. Preferably, a common Bragg fiber grating made of silicon dioxide is adopted, and the elasto-optical coefficient is 0.78.
For example, when the effective radius of rotation of the pendulum 5 is 5mm and the length of the fiber grating 7 fixed between the upper frame 4-1 of the outer frame 4 and the pendulum 5 is 20mm, the sensitivity of the test device 2 is about 8.53X10 4 pm/g by the formula (6).
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. The testing device 2 used for the fiber bragg grating high-sensitivity lateral acceleration testing method is characterized in that the device 2 comprises an outer frame 4, a dead weight pendulum 5 capable of swinging left and right relative to a vertical plane along with horizontal vibration of a tested object is arranged in the outer frame 4, a fiber bragg grating 7 fixed with the outer frame 4 is respectively fixed on two sides of swinging of the dead weight pendulum 5, and the two fiber bragg gratings 7 are connected with a fiber bragg grating tester 1 through the fiber bragg grating 2; when the measured object vibrates horizontally, the high sensitivity test of the transverse acceleration of the measured object is realized by utilizing the function relation and the calculation method between the strain increment and the strain decrement of the two fiber bragg gratings 7 and the acceleration.
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. See fig. 1-3. Preferably, the outer frame 4 is provided with a horizontal bottom frame 4-1 or an upper frame 4-2 which can be fixed on a horizontal vibrating piece to be measured, and also comprises two vertical frames 4-3 and 4-4, two tips 6 are oppositely arranged on the same horizontal swinging central axis position of the two vertical frames 4-3 and 4-4, the two tips 6 are respectively in free running fit with two conical blind holes on two sides of the pendulum 5, and the other ends of two fiber gratings 7 fixed on two sides of the pendulum 5 swinging by dead weight are fixed with the upper frame 4-1 and pass through the upper frame 4-1 through holes; when the dead weight pendulum 5 is in a vertical static state downwards, the two fiber gratings 7 are in a vertical parallel type; the fiber bragg grating tester 1 is connected with the two fiber bragg gratings 7 through optical fibers 3; the center 6 and the pendulum bob 5 are both made of metal materials.
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. See fig. 1-3. Furthermore, the end of the fiber bragg grating 7 fixed to the side of the pendulum 5 can be extended and can penetrate out of the outer frame 4 through the hole.
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. See fig. 1-3. Preferably, the center 6 is provided with a structure with adjustable horizontal direction.
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. See fig. 1-3. Preferably, the adjustable structure is: the rear part of the center 6 is provided with external threads matched with threaded holes on the two mullions 4-3 and 4-4.
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. See fig. 1-3. Preferably, the top of the dead weight pendulum 5 is semi-cylindrical and is a semi-cylindrical top 5-1.
When vibration parallel to the swinging direction of the pendulum 5 occurs, the pendulum 5 swings, and the fiber bragg grating 7 fixed between the pendulum 5 and the outer frame 4 is used for directly sensing the swinging condition of the pendulum, so that vibration information sensing is realized.
The distance L between the gravity center of the self-weight pendulum and the rotating shaft or the swinging central axis (the central axes of the two conical blind holes) is larger than the rotating radius r of the self-weight pendulum rotating shaft.
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. Preferably, the center 6 and the pendulum 5 are both made of metal.
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. Preferably, the fiber grating 7 is a common fiber bragg grating.
As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. Preferably, the ordinary fiber bragg grating is an ordinary silica fiber bragg grating, and the elasto-optical coefficient of the ordinary fiber bragg grating is 0.78.
The above-mentioned parts are not mentioned and can be carried out by a person skilled in the art.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method is characterized by comprising a testing device (2), wherein the testing device (2) comprises an outer frame (4), a dead weight pendulum (5) capable of swinging left and right relative to a vertical plane along with horizontal vibration of a tested object is arranged in the outer frame (4), an optical fiber grating (7) fixed with an upper frame (4-1) of the outer frame (4) is respectively fixed on two sides of the swinging of the dead weight pendulum (5), and when horizontal vibration parallel to a vertical plane occurs, the test of the horizontal acceleration of the tested object is realized by utilizing the functional relation and a calculation method between the strain increment and the strain decrement of the optical fiber grating tester (1) and the two optical fiber gratings (7) and the acceleration;
the calculation method comprises the following formulas Wherein Deltal is the length variation of the optical fiber; θ is the deflection angle of the pendulum; r is the effective radius of rotation of the pendulum;
the deflection angle and acceleration of the pendulum have the following relationship:
②
wherein a is acceleration and g is gravitational acceleration;
When θ is small:
③
The strain of the fiber grating (7) fixed between the upper frame (4-1) of the outer frame (4) and the pendulum bob (5) is as follows:
④
Wherein epsilon is the strain of the fiber bragg grating; l is the length of the fiber bragg grating fixed between the upper frame (4-1) of the outer frame (4) and the pendulum bob (5);
the relationship between the central wavelength and the strain of the fiber grating is as follows:
⑤
Wherein delta lambda is the variation of the central wavelength of the fiber bragg grating; the center wavelength of the lambda fiber grating; pe is the elasto-optical coefficient of the fiber material;
The sensitivity of the test device (2) is obtained by the formulas ② - ⑤:
⑥
the fiber bragg grating (7) is adopted as a common Bragg fiber bragg grating;
the gravity center of the dead weight pendulum bob (5) is lower than the swing central axis; the outer frame (4) also comprises six surfaces, so that the outer frame is a closed box; a closed box with a rectangular parallelepiped shape; the fiber bragg grating (7) is fixed at two ends in a bonding or welding mode.
2. The testing device for the high-sensitivity transverse acceleration testing method of the fiber bragg grating according to claim 1, wherein the testing device comprises an outer frame (4), a dead weight pendulum (5) capable of swinging left and right relative to a vertical plane along with horizontal vibration of a tested object is arranged in the outer frame, a fiber bragg grating (7) fixed with the outer frame (4) is respectively fixed on two sides of the swinging of the dead weight pendulum (5), and the two fiber bragg gratings (7) are connected with a fiber bragg grating tester (1); when the measured object vibrates horizontally, the transverse acceleration of the measured object is tested by utilizing the function relation and the calculation method between the strain increment and the strain decrement of the two fiber gratings (7) and the acceleration.
3. The testing device for the fiber bragg grating high-sensitivity transverse acceleration testing method according to claim 2, wherein the outer frame (4) is provided with a horizontal bottom frame (4-2) and an upper frame (4-1) which can be fixed on a horizontal vibration object to be tested, the testing device further comprises two vertical frames, two tips (6) are oppositely arranged on the same horizontal swinging central axis position of the two vertical frames (4-3, 4-4), the two tips (6) are respectively in free running fit with two conical blind holes (5-2, 5-3) on two sides of the pendulum, and the other ends of two fiber bragg gratings (7) which are fixed on two sides of the pendulum (5) swing are fixed with the upper frame (4-1) and penetrate through the upper frame (4-1) through holes; when the dead weight pendulum bob (5) is in a vertical static state, the two fiber gratings (7) are in a vertical parallel type; the fiber bragg grating tester (1) is connected with the two fiber bragg gratings (7);
the fiber bragg grating (7) can extend from one end fixed with the side edge of the pendulum bob (5) and penetrate out of the outer frame (4) through a hole;
The top of the dead weight pendulum bob (5) is a semi-cylindrical top (5-1).
4. A testing device for a high sensitivity lateral acceleration testing method of fiber bragg grating according to claim 3, wherein the tip (6) is provided with a structure with adjustable horizontal direction.
5. The device for testing the high-sensitivity lateral acceleration of the fiber bragg grating according to claim 4, wherein the adjustable structure is as follows: the rear part of the center (6) is provided with external threads matched with threaded holes on the 2 mullions (4-3, 4-4).
6. The device for testing the high-sensitivity lateral acceleration of the fiber bragg grating according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein the tip (6) and the pendulum (5) are both made of metal materials; the fiber bragg grating (7) is a common Bragg fiber bragg grating; the common fiber Bragg grating is a common silicon dioxide fiber Bragg grating, and the elasto-optical coefficient is 0.78.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101285847A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Temperature insensitive optical fibre grating acceleration sensor |
| CN107131843A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-05 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of colliery cage guide damage deformation on-line monitoring system and method based on optical fiber grating sensing |
| CN108627388A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-10-09 | 扬州大学 | A kind of measurement method of instantaneous impact |
| CN210037866U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-02-07 | 石家庄铁道大学 | High-sensitivity transverse acceleration testing device for fiber bragg grating |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| AU2012101789A4 (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2013-01-10 | Kuo LI | A method to utilize string-strain-change induced by a transverse force and its application in fiber Bragg grating accelerometers |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101285847A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Temperature insensitive optical fibre grating acceleration sensor |
| CN107131843A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-05 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of colliery cage guide damage deformation on-line monitoring system and method based on optical fiber grating sensing |
| CN108627388A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-10-09 | 扬州大学 | A kind of measurement method of instantaneous impact |
| CN210037866U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-02-07 | 石家庄铁道大学 | High-sensitivity transverse acceleration testing device for fiber bragg grating |
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| 海底管道振动监测光纤光栅加速度传感器的研发;聂修逸;杨永春;;中国水运(下半月)(第01期);全文 * |
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