CN109366326B

CN109366326B - Screw grinder

Info

Publication number: CN109366326B
Application number: CN201811552290.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 虞荣华
Original assignee: Beiping Machine Tool Zhejiang Co ltd
Current assignee: Beiping Machine Tool Zhejiang Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-19
Filing date: 2018-12-19
Publication date: 2024-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-19
Also published as: CN109366326A

Abstract

The invention provides a screw grinder, and belongs to the technical field of machine tools. The screw grinder solves the problem that the existing screw grinder cannot realize one-time clamping to realize coarse grinding and fine grinding. The screw grinder comprises a frame, wherein a first carriage and a first driving mechanism for driving the first carriage to move horizontally and longitudinally are arranged on the frame, a floating chuck for clamping a workpiece and a motor for driving the floating chuck to rotate are arranged on the first carriage, a second carriage and a second driving mechanism for driving the second carriage to reciprocate and horizontally and transversely move are arranged on the frame, a lifting table and a lifting mechanism for driving the lifting table to reciprocate and lift are arranged on the second carriage, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting table in the vertical axial direction, at least two grinding wheels are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a motor capable of driving the rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the lifting table. The screw grinder has the advantages that coarse grinding and fine grinding can be realized by one-time clamping, and the grinding precision is high.

Description

Screw grinder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tools, and relates to a grinding machine, in particular to a screw grinding machine.

Background

Screw rods are used in a wide variety of machines, such as CNC machines, numerically controlled lathes, injection molding machines, wire cutting, grinding machines, milling machines, PCB drills, engraving machines, spark discharge machines, tooth biting machines, planing machines, large vertical turning planer mills, and the like. The processing of the screw is carried out on a screw grinding machine, and a grinding wheel arranged on the screw grinding machine is used for processing the screw threads through high-speed rotation grinding. The grinding wheel shaping device arranged on the screw grinding machine can shape various shaped grinding wheels consisting of straight lines and circular arcs so as to meet the processing requirements, and ensure the parameters of the grinding wheels such as angle, thickness, concentricity and the like, thereby ensuring the processing quality of the screw. The existing grinding wheel shaping device of the screw grinder is complex in structure, not compact, large in occupied space on the grinder and poor in shaping effect.

The novel screw grinder (application number: 201420687688.0) disclosed in the Chinese patent literature comprises a workbench, a first horizontal sliding device, a second horizontal sliding device, a workpiece clamping mechanism, a grinding wheel and a wheel dressing device, wherein the wheel dressing device comprises a sliding table base, an x-direction sliding device, a y-direction sliding device, a roller motor and a dressing diamond roller; the X-direction sliding device comprises a linear guide rail, a first horizontal support plate, a screw rod connecting block, an X-direction screw rod and a first speed regulating motor, and the Y-direction sliding device comprises a vertical support plate, a guide rod, a Y-direction sliding block, a Y-direction screw rod, a second speed regulating motor and a second horizontal support plate. But this novel screw grinder once clamping only can carry out the abrasive machining of an precision, can not realize once clamping and realize coarse grinding and correct grinding, therefore its use is comparatively inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a screw grinder which can realize rough grinding and accurate grinding by one-time clamping and has higher grinding precision.

The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the screw grinder comprises a frame, wherein a first carriage and a driving mechanism for driving the first carriage to move horizontally and longitudinally are arranged on the frame, a floating chuck for clamping a workpiece and a motor for driving the floating chuck to rotate are arranged on the first carriage, a second carriage and a driving mechanism for driving the second carriage to reciprocate horizontally and transversely are arranged on the frame, a lifting table and a lifting mechanism for driving the lifting table to reciprocate are arranged on the second carriage, and the screw grinder is characterized in that a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting table in the vertical axial direction, at least two grinding wheels are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a motor capable of driving the rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the lifting table.

During operation, the workpiece is clamped through the floating chuck, the floating chuck and the workpiece are driven to rotate through the motor, the first driving mechanism drives the first carriage to horizontally and longitudinally move to the grinding station, the second driving mechanism drives the second carriage to horizontally and transversely move and the lifting mechanism drives the lifting platform to lift, so that one grinding wheel carries out rough grinding on the workpiece, after rough grinding is finished, the lifting mechanism drives the lifting platform to lift so that the grinding wheel for fine grinding is positioned at the grinding station, then fine grinding is carried out on the workpiece, rough grinding and fine grinding on the workpiece can be realized through one-time clamping, and the grinding device has the advantages of higher grinding precision and more reliable work. For specific structure of the floating clamp, reference is made to the floating clamp (201710231797X) and the adjustable clamp (2017203728698) before the application.

In the screw grinder, four guide rails I which are horizontally and longitudinally arranged are arranged on the frame, a slide block I which is matched with the guide rails I is fixedly connected to the lower side of the carriage I, and the guide rails I are embedded in the sliding grooves of the slide block I. The four guide rails I which are horizontally and longitudinally arranged are arranged on the frame, and compared with the two guide rails I which are longitudinally arranged on the frame, the weight of the carriage I which is received by the frame is relatively uniform, so that the deformation of the guide rails I is effectively prevented, and the machining precision of the screw grinder is improved.

In the screw grinder, the stand is fixedly connected to the frame, a second horizontal guide rail is arranged between the bottom surface of the second carriage and the frame, a second horizontal guide rail is arranged between the side wall of the second carriage and the stand, the bottom surface and the side wall of the second carriage are fixedly connected with the second sliding blocks, and the second guide rail is embedded in the corresponding sliding grooves of the second sliding blocks. By adopting the arrangement, the gravity of the carriage II received by the frame is uniform, the deformation of the guide rail II is effectively prevented, and the machining precision of the screw grinder is improved.

In the screw grinder, the motor is a torque motor with a shell fixedly connected to the carriage II and drives the floating chuck to rotate. The motor adopts a torque motor and has the advantage of higher precision.

In the screw grinder, water spray rods are arranged on two sides of the grinding wheel, and water spray ports of the water spray rods face the grinding wheel.

In the screw grinder, the first driving mechanism comprises a first screw rod horizontally and longitudinally arranged on the frame and a first motor for driving the first screw rod to rotate, and the first carriage is fixedly connected with a first nut in threaded connection with the first screw rod.

In the screw grinder, the second driving mechanism comprises a second screw rod horizontally and transversely arranged on the frame and a second motor for driving the second screw rod to rotate, and the second carriage is fixedly connected with a second screw nut connected with the second screw rod in a threaded manner.

In the screw grinder, the lifting mechanism comprises a screw rod III vertically and axially fixedly connected to the carriage II and a motor III driving the screw rod III to rotate, and the lifting table is fixedly connected with a screw nut III connected with the screw rod III in a threaded manner.

In the screw rod grinding machine, the first carriage is provided with the tailstock assembly, the tailstock assembly is located on one side of the floating chuck, the tailstock assembly comprises a tailstock seat, a sleeve is fixedly connected to the tailstock seat, a tip rod and a hydraulic cylinder driving the tip rod to reciprocate along the axial direction of the tip rod are arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating mode, the outer end of the tip rod is fixedly connected with a tip, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner end of the tip rod, a hydraulic cavity is formed in the sleeve, a piston is arranged in the hydraulic cavity, and the piston is located on one side of the tip rod and can be abutted against the outer side wall of the tip rod. When the tip is propped against a workpiece, the tip rod and the tip axially move are driven by the hydraulic cylinder, so that the tip is propped against the end part of the workpiece, pressure oil is injected into the hydraulic cavity to push the piston to prop against the outer side wall of the tip rod, the tip rod is tightly pressed in the sleeve, the tip rod is enabled to be firmly propped against the needle rod in the sleeve, after the tail frame assembly is used for a long time, a gap is formed between the sleeve and the tip rod after abrasion, the tip rod is tightly pressed in the sleeve through the piston to prop against the outer side wall of the tip rod, so that the tip rod cannot shake, and after the tail frame assembly is used for a long time, the positioning of the tip to the workpiece is still high and accurate, and the tail frame assembly has a long service life.

In the screw grinder, the top rod is provided with the positioning part with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, the sleeve is internally provided with the positioning hole matched with the positioning part, the positioning part is embedded in the positioning hole, the piston is positioned on the outer side of the bottom edge of the positioning part, and the piston can be propped against the bottom surface of the positioning part. The cross section of the positioning part is isosceles trapezoid, and has the advantages of uniform stress and good jacking effect of the positioning part of the piston team.

In the screw grinder, the middle part of the piston is provided with the connecting hole, the connecting hole is fixedly connected with the wear-resisting block, and the outer end face of the wear-resisting block can be abutted against the positioning part. The piston drives the wear-resisting block to be pressed on the positioning part, and the wear-resisting block has the advantages of good positioning effect and long service life.

In the above screw grinder, 1 to 3 pistons are disposed on the sleeve, and the pistons are located on the center line of the positioning portion.

In the screw grinder, the frame comprises a pig iron base and a marble base, wherein the pig iron base is provided with a groove with an upward opening, the marble base is positioned in the groove and is fixedly connected with the pig iron base, the upper end face of the marble base extends out of the upper end face of the pig iron base, and the carriage is arranged on the marble base. The carriage I is arranged on the marble base, the sensitivity to temperature is low, the marble base is not easy to deform, and the machining precision of the grinding machine is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the screw grinder has the following advantages:

1. The floating chuck and the workpiece are driven to rotate by the motor, the first carriage is driven to horizontally and longitudinally move to the grinding station by the first driving mechanism, the second carriage is driven to horizontally and transversely move by the second driving mechanism, and the lifting mechanism drives the lifting platform to lift, so that one grinding wheel carries out rough grinding on the workpiece;

2. The four guide rails I which are horizontally and longitudinally arranged are arranged on the frame, and compared with the two guide rails I which are longitudinally arranged on the frame, the weight of the carriage I received by the frame is relatively uniform, so that the deformation of the guide rails I is effectively prevented, and the machining precision of the screw grinder is improved;

3. the carriage I is arranged on the marble base, so that the sensitivity to temperature is low, the marble base is not easy to deform, and the machining precision of the grinding machine is improved;

4. The piston drives the wear-resisting block to be pressed on the positioning part, and the wear-resisting block has the advantages of good positioning effect and long service life.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the screw grinder.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the floating cartridge of the present screw grinder.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the tailstock assembly of the screw grinder.

Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the tailstock assembly of the screw grinder.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B of fig. 4.

In the figure, 1, a rack; 1a, a pig iron base; 1b, a marble base; 2. a first carriage; 3. a floating chuck; 4. a second carriage; 5. a lifting table; 6. a rotating shaft; 7. grinding wheel; 8. a column; 9. a second guide rail; 10. a torque motor; 11. a water spray rod; 12. a tailstock assembly; 12a, a tailstock seat; 12b, a sleeve; 12b1, hydraulic chambers; 12c, a center rod; 12c1, a positioning part; 12d, a center; 12e, a piston; 12e1, connection holes; 12f, wear-resisting blocks; 13. and a hydraulic cylinder.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a screw grinder comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 comprises a pig iron base 1a and a marble base 1b, the pig iron base 1a is provided with a groove with an upward opening, the marble base 1b is positioned in the groove, the marble base 1b is fixedly connected with the pig iron base 1a, and the upper end face of the marble base 1b extends out of the upper end face of the pig iron base 1 a. The marble base 1b is provided with a carriage I2 and a driving mechanism I for driving the carriage I2 to move horizontally and longitudinally, wherein the driving mechanism I comprises a screw rod I horizontally and longitudinally arranged on the frame 1 and a motor I for driving the screw rod I to rotate, and the carriage I2 is fixedly connected with a screw nut I connected with the screw rod I through threads. The first carriage 2 is provided with a floating chuck 3 for clamping a workpiece and a motor for driving the floating chuck 3 to rotate, the frame 1 is provided with a second carriage 4 and a second driving mechanism for driving the second carriage 4 to reciprocate horizontally and transversely, the second driving mechanism comprises a second screw rod horizontally and transversely arranged on the frame 1 and a second motor for driving the second screw rod to rotate, and the second carriage 4 is fixedly connected with a second screw nut connected with the second screw rod. The carriage II 4 is provided with a lifting table 5 and a lifting mechanism for driving the lifting table 5 to lift in a reciprocating manner, the lifting mechanism comprises a screw rod III which is vertically and axially fixedly connected to the carriage II 4 and a motor III for driving the screw rod III to rotate, and the lifting table 5 is fixedly connected with a screw nut III which is connected with the screw rod III through threads.

The vertical axial has linked firmly pivot 6 on the elevating platform 5, has linked firmly two at least emery wheels 7 in the pivot 6, and the both sides of emery wheel 7 all are equipped with spray bar 11 and the water jet of spray bar 11 all is towards emery wheel 7, is equipped with the moment motor 10 that can drive pivot 6 pivoted on the elevating platform 5.

The machine frame 1 is provided with four guide rails I which are horizontally and longitudinally arranged, the lower side of the carriage I2 is fixedly connected with a slide block I which is matched with the guide rail I, and the guide rail I is embedded in a sliding groove of the slide block I, so that the gravity of the carriage I2 received by the machine frame 1 is uniform, the deformation of the guide rail I is effectively prevented, and the machining precision of the screw grinder is improved. The stand 8 has been linked firmly on the frame 1, be equipped with the horizontal guide rail two 9 that transversely set up between the bottom surface of carriage two 4 and the frame 1, be equipped with the horizontal guide rail two 9 that transversely set up between the lateral wall of carriage two 4 and the stand 8, the bottom surface and the lateral wall of carriage two 4 have all linked firmly slider two and guide rail two 9 inlay in the spout of slider two that corresponds, the gravity of carriage two 4 that this frame 1 received is comparatively even, effectively prevents the deformation of guide rail two 9, has improved the machining precision of this screw rod grinding machine. The upright post 8 is made of marble, so that the sensitivity of the upright post 8 to temperature is low, deformation is not easy to occur, and the machining precision of the grinding machine is improved.

The first carriage 2 is provided with a tail frame assembly 12, the tail frame assembly 12 is positioned on one side of the floating clamp head 3, the tail frame assembly 12 comprises a tail frame seat 12a, the tail frame seat 12a is provided with a strip-shaped through hole, and a screw penetrates through the strip-shaped through hole to be fixedly connected with the first carriage 2, so that the position of the tail frame seat 12a can be conveniently adjusted. The tail frame seat 12a is fixedly connected with a sleeve 12b, a tip rod 12c and a hydraulic cylinder 13 for driving the tip rod 12c to reciprocate along the axial direction of the tip rod 12c are arranged in the sleeve 12b in a penetrating manner, the outer end of the tip rod 12c is fixedly connected with a tip 12d, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected with the inner end of the tip rod 12c, two hydraulic cavities 12b1 are arranged on the sleeve 12b, pistons 12e are arranged in the hydraulic cavities 12b1, the pistons 12e are positioned on one side of the tip rod 12c, and the pistons 12e can be propped against the outer side wall of the tip rod 12 c.

The tip rod 12c is provided with a positioning part 12c1 with an isosceles trapezoid cross section, a positioning hole matched with the positioning part 12c1 is formed in the sleeve 12b, the positioning part 12c1 is embedded in the positioning hole, the piston 12e is positioned on the outer side of the middle line of the bottom edge of the positioning part 12c1, the piston 12e can be abutted against the bottom surface of the positioning part 12c1, the tip rod 12c is provided with the positioning part 12c1 with an isosceles trapezoid cross section, and the tip rod has the advantages of being even in stress and enabling the jacking effect of the positioning part 12c1 of the piston 12e to be good. Alternatively, the positioning portion 12c1 of the tip rod 12c has a V-shape. The middle part of the piston 12e is provided with a connecting hole 12e1, a wear-resisting block 12f is fixedly connected in the connecting hole 12e1, and the outer end surface of the wear-resisting block 12f can be abutted against the positioning part 12c 1.

During operation, one end of a workpiece is clamped through the floating clamp head 3, the hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the tip rod 12c and the tip 12d to axially move, the tip 12d is propped against the other end of the workpiece, pressure oil is injected into the hydraulic cavity 12b1, the piston 12e is pushed to push the piston 12e against the outer side wall of the tip rod 12c, the tip rod 12c is tightly pressed into the sleeve 12b, and the tip rod 12c can be firmly propped against the sleeve 12 b. The floating chuck 3 and the workpiece are driven to rotate by the torque motor 10. The carriage I2 is driven to move horizontally and longitudinally to the grinding station through the transmission of the motor I and the screw rod I, the carriage II 4 is driven to move horizontally and transversely through the transmission of the motor II and the screw rod II, the motor III and the screw rod III drive the lifting table 5 to lift, the grinding wheel 7 for rough grinding carries out rough grinding on a workpiece, after the rough grinding is finished, the motor III and the screw rod III drive the lifting table 5 to lift, the grinding wheel 7 for fine grinding is positioned at the grinding station, then the workpiece is subjected to fine grinding, rough grinding and fine grinding on the workpiece can be achieved through one-time clamping, and the grinding machine has the advantages of being higher in grinding precision and more reliable in work. For specific structure of the floating clamp 3, reference is made to the floating clamp 3 (201710231797X) and the adjustable clamp (2017203728698) before the present application. The first carriage 2 is arranged on the marble base 1b, the sensitivity to temperature is low, the marble base 1b is not easy to deform, and the machining precision of the grinding machine is improved. The four guide rails I which are horizontally and longitudinally arranged are arranged on the frame 1, and compared with the two guide rails I which are longitudinally arranged on the frame 1, the weight of the carriage I2 received by the frame 1 is relatively uniform, so that the deformation of the guide rails I is effectively prevented, and the machining precision of the screw grinder is improved.

After the tailstock assembly 12 is used for a long time, a gap is formed between the sleeve 12b and the tip rod 12c after the sleeve is worn, the tip rod 12c is tightly pressed in the sleeve 12b by the piston 12e, so that the tip rod 12c cannot shake, and after the tailstock assembly 12 is used for a long time, the positioning of the thimble on a workpiece is still high and accurate, and the service life is long.

The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Although terms such as the frame 1, the pig iron base 1a, the marble base 1b, the carriage one 2, the floating chuck 3, the carriage two 4, the elevating platform 5, the rotating shaft 6, the grinding wheel 7, the column 8, the guide rail two 9, the torque motor 10, the water spray bar 11, the tailstock assembly 12, the tailstock base 12a, the sleeve 12b, the hydraulic chamber 12b1, the tip bar 12c, the positioning portion 12c1, the tip 12d, the piston 12e, the connection hole 12e1, the wear block 12f, the hydraulic cylinder 13, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention; they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation that is not inconsistent with the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The screw grinder comprises a frame (1), wherein a first carriage (2) and a first driving mechanism for driving the first carriage (2) to move horizontally and longitudinally are arranged on the frame (1), a floating chuck (3) for clamping a workpiece and a motor for driving the floating chuck (3) to rotate are arranged on the first carriage (2), a second carriage (4) and a second driving mechanism for driving the second carriage (4) to move horizontally and reciprocally are arranged on the frame (1), a lifting table (5) and a lifting mechanism for driving the lifting table (5) to move reciprocally are arranged on the second carriage (4), the screw grinder is characterized in that a rotating shaft (6) is fixedly connected on the lifting table (5) in the vertical axial direction, at least two grinding wheels (7) are fixedly connected on the rotating shaft (6), the lifting table (5) is provided with a motor capable of driving the rotating shaft (6), a tailstock component (12) is arranged on the first carriage (2), the tailstock component (12) is positioned on one side of the tailstock (12 a) of the tailstock component (12 a) which is fixedly connected with the tailstock component (12 a, the tailstock component (12 a) is arranged on one side (12 a), the sleeve (12 b) in wear to be equipped with top pole (12 c) and drive top pole (12 c) along the axial reciprocating of top pole (12 c) pneumatic cylinder (13), the outer end of top pole (12 c) link firmly top (12 d), pneumatic cylinder (13) the piston rod with the inner of top pole (12 c) link firmly, sleeve (12 b) on be equipped with hydraulic chamber (12 b 1), hydraulic chamber (12 b 1) in be equipped with piston (12 e), piston (12 e) be located one side of top pole (12 c) and piston (12 e) can press top pole (12 c) lateral wall on, top pole (12 c) have the cross-section and be isosceles trapezoid location portion (12 c 1), sleeve (12 b) in have with location portion (12 c 1) matched with locating portion, and location portion (12 c 1) inlay in location portion (12 c) in the bottom surface (12 e) of location portion (12 c) can press down in location portion (12 e).

2. The screw grinder according to claim 1, wherein four guide rails I are arranged on the frame (1) in a horizontal and longitudinal mode, a slide block I matched with the guide rails I is fixedly connected to the lower side of the carriage I (2), and the guide rails I are embedded in a sliding groove of the slide block I.

3. The screw grinder according to claim 1, wherein the stand (8) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), a horizontal and transverse guide rail two (9) is arranged between the bottom surface of the carriage two (4) and the frame (1), a horizontal and transverse guide rail two (9) is arranged between the side wall of the carriage two (4) and the stand (8), and the bottom surface and the side wall of the carriage two (4) are fixedly connected with the sliding blocks two and the guide rail two (9) is embedded in the corresponding sliding grooves of the sliding blocks two.

4. The screw grinder according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a torque motor (10) with a housing fixedly connected to the carriage two (4), and the torque motor (10) drives the floating chuck (3) to rotate.

5. A screw grinding machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that both sides of the grinding wheel (7) are provided with water spray bars (11) and the water spray openings of the water spray bars (11) are directed towards the grinding wheel (7).

6. The screw grinder according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the first driving mechanism comprises a first screw rod horizontally and longitudinally arranged on the frame (1) and a motor for driving the first screw rod to rotate, the first carriage (2) is fixedly connected with a first screw nut connected with the first screw rod, the second driving mechanism comprises a second screw rod horizontally and transversely arranged on the frame (1) and a motor for driving the second screw rod to rotate, the second carriage (4) is fixedly connected with a second screw nut connected with the second screw rod, the lifting mechanism comprises a third screw rod vertically and axially fixedly connected on the second carriage (4) and a third motor for driving the third screw rod to rotate, and the lifting table (5) is fixedly connected with a third screw nut connected with the third screw rod.

7. The screw grinder according to claim 1, wherein the middle part of the piston (12 e) is provided with a connecting hole (12 e 1), a wear-resistant block (12 f) is fixedly connected in the connecting hole (12 e 1), and the outer end surface of the wear-resistant block (12 f) can be abutted against the positioning part (12 c 1).

8. A screw grinding machine according to claim 1, 2,3 or 4, characterized in that the frame (1) comprises a pig iron base (1 a) and a marble base (1 b), the pig iron base (1 a) is provided with a groove with an upward opening, the marble base (1 b) is positioned in the groove and is fixedly connected with the pig iron base (1 a), the upper end surface of the marble base (1 b) extends out of the upper end surface of the pig iron base (1 a), and the carriage (2) is arranged on the marble base (1 b).