CN109361058A - 一种远距离识读标签的天线 - Google Patents

一种远距离识读标签的天线 Download PDF

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CN109361058A
CN109361058A CN201811451422.5A CN201811451422A CN109361058A CN 109361058 A CN109361058 A CN 109361058A CN 201811451422 A CN201811451422 A CN 201811451422A CN 109361058 A CN109361058 A CN 109361058A
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coil
butterfly
antenna
antenna coil
butterfly antenna
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CN109361058B (zh
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高彬
李刚
李胜广
谭林
陈毓
赵士伟
冉旭阳
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First Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773Antenna details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2216Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in interrogator/reader equipment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
    • H01Q3/247Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching by switching different parts of a primary active element
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种远距离识读标签的天线,包括第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈;所述第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈分别通过第一天线阻抗匹配电路、第二天线阻抗匹配电路和第三天线阻抗匹配电路连接于信号源;所述第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈均连接于天线切换控制电路;所述天线切换控制电路用于在第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈之间切换,使得第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈轮流向空间辐射能量。本发明可以达到远距离识读13.56MHzRFID标签信息的要求,能够满足公安领域在人员密集场合的特殊应用。

Description

一种远距离识读标签的天线
技术领域
本发明涉及RFID技术领域,具体涉及一种远距离识读标签的天线。
背景技术
近年来发生的多起暴恐事件表明,地铁、公交、火车站等人员密度大的场所已经成为恐怖袭击的首选目标。然而,目前这些场所针对乘客身份的安检手段还比较有限,主要由民警在现场使用普通手持或桌面式的第二代居民身份证阅读器的进行抽检,这几类阅读器的主要缺点是识读距离近、范围小,导致存在安检效率低、排查人员比例小、民警负担重等问题,时有大规模人员滞留或存疑人员漏检的情况出现。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明旨在提供一种远距离识读标签的天线,可以达到远距离识读13.56MHzRFID标签信息的要求,能够满足公安领域在人员密集场合的特殊应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种远距离识读标签的天线,包括第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈,第一蝶形天线线圈和第二蝶形天线线圈相对设置且部分重叠,矩形天线线圈位于第一蝶形天线线圈和第二蝶形天线线圈所形成的区域的正中间;所述第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈分别通过第一天线阻抗匹配电路、第二天线阻抗匹配电路和第三天线阻抗匹配电路连接于信号源;所述第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈均连接于天线切换控制电路;所述天线切换控制电路用于在第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈之间切换,使得第一蝶形天线线圈、第二蝶形天线线圈和矩形天线线圈轮流向空间辐射能量。
进一步地,所述矩形天线线圈为由4mm2的单芯铜线绕制而成的宽45cm、长75cm的矩形结构,频点为13.56MHz,增益为-8.5~-10。
进一步地,所述第一蝶形天线线圈和第二蝶形天线线圈均为由4mm2的单芯铜线绕制成宽45cm、长85cm的蝶形结构,频点为13.56MHz,增益为-8.5~-10;第一蝶形天线线圈和第二蝶形天线线圈之间具有宽度为5cm的重叠区域。
本发明还提供一种具有上述远距离识读标签的天线的安检门,所述安检门包括相对设置的两扇非金属门板和连接两扇非金属门板的顶柜,两扇非金属门板内分别对称地设有所述远距离识读13.56MHzRFID标签。
进一步地,两扇非金属门板之间间隔70cm。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明可以实现远距离识读13.56MHzRFID标签信息,适用于远距离自动识别领域,可以实现在35cm范围内对法定证件信息进行远距离、多角度的读取,解决了在人员密集等特殊场合的应用问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1天线的原理示意图;
图2为本发明实施例1中天线的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例1中矩形天线线圈的工作原理示意图;
图4为本发明实施例1中矩形天线线圈的工作俯视图;
图5为本发明实施例1中第一蝶形天线线圈/第二蝶形天线线圈的工作原理示意图;
图6为本发明实施例1中第一蝶形天线线圈/第二蝶形天线线圈的工作俯视图;
图7为本发明实施例2中的系统结构示意图;
图8为本发明实施例2中当矩形天线线圈工作时的识读示意图;
图9为本发明实施例2中当第一蝶形天线线圈/第二蝶形天线线圈工作时的识读示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图对本发明作进一步的描述,需要说明的是,本实施例以本技术方案为前提,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围并不限于本实施例。
实施例1
如图1-2所示,一种远距离识读标签的天线,包括第一蝶形天线线圈1、第二蝶形天线线圈2和矩形天线线圈3,第一蝶形天线线圈1和第二蝶形天线线圈2相对设置且部分重叠,矩形天线线圈3位于第一蝶形天线线圈1和第二蝶形天线线圈2所形成的区域的正中间;所述第一蝶形天线线圈1、第二蝶形天线线圈2和矩形天线线圈3分别通过第一天线阻抗匹配电路5、第二天线阻抗匹配电路6和第三天线阻抗匹配电路7连接于信号源;所述第一蝶形天线线圈1、第二蝶形天线线圈2和矩形天线线圈3均连接于天线切换控制电路4,所述天线切换控制电路4用于在第一蝶形天线线圈1、第二蝶形天线线圈2和矩形天线线圈3之间切换,使得第一蝶形天线线圈1、第二蝶形天线线圈2和矩形天线线圈3轮流向空间辐射能量。
上述天线中,通过第一蝶形天线线圈1、第二蝶形天线线圈2和矩形天线线圈3以及天线切换控制电路4的设置,在天线线圈磁场范围内提供均匀的能量,可远距离、多角度的识读13.56MHzRFID标签信息。
进一步地,在本实施例中,所述矩形天线线圈3为由4mm2的单芯铜线绕制而成的宽45cm、长75cm的矩形结构,频点为13.56MHz,增益为-8.5~-10。
进一步地,在本实施例中,所述第一蝶形天线线圈1和第二蝶形天线线圈2均为由4mm2的单芯铜线绕制成宽45cm、长85cm的蝶形结构,频点为13.56MHz,增益为-8.5~-10;所述第一蝶形天线线圈1和第二蝶形天线线圈2之间具有宽度为5厘米的重叠区域。
图3是本实施例中所述矩形天线线圈的工作原理示意图。经过第三天线阻抗匹配电路7输出的电流8在矩形天线线圈3的流动方向如图3所示。根据通电直导线中的安培定则:用右手握住通电直导线,让大拇指指向电流的方向,那么四指指向就是磁感线的环绕方向,则可以画出磁感线的环绕方向9,“×”表示远离,“·”表示靠近。
图4为本实施例中的矩形天线线圈工作的俯视图。当俯视矩形天线线圈3工作时,即向外输出能量时,磁感线10方向如图所示,13.56MHzRFID标签11以垂直于矩形天线线圈3中心法线方向的角度进入矩形天线线圈3的磁感线10范围时,会耦合到最大的能量,在远离矩形天线线圈10的空间范围内即可被激活,实现了远距离识读13.56MHzRFID标签信息的功能。
图5为本实施例中第一蝶形天线线圈和第二蝶形天线线圈的工作原理示意图。经过第一天线阻抗匹配电路5/第二天线阻抗匹配电路6输出的电流12在第一蝶形天线线圈1/第二蝶形天线线圈2的流动方向如图5所示,根据通电直导线中的安培定则:用右手握住通电直导线,让大拇指指向电流的方向,那么四指指向就是磁感线的环绕方向,则可以画出磁感线的环绕方向13,“×”表示远离,“·”表示靠近。
图6为本实施例中第一蝶形天线线圈和第二蝶形天线线圈工作的俯视图。当俯视第一蝶形天线线圈1/第二蝶形天线线圈2的工作时,即向外输出能量时,磁感线14方向如图所示,13.56MHzRFID标签11以水平于第一蝶形天线线圈1/第二蝶形天线线圈2中心法线方向的角度进入第一蝶形天线线圈1/第二蝶形天线线圈2的磁感线14范围时,会耦合到最大的能量,在远离第一蝶形天线线圈1/第二蝶形天线线圈2的空间范围内即可被激活,实现了远距离识读13.56MHzRFID标签信息的功能。
实施例2
如图7所示,本实施例中,将两个实施例1所述远距离识读标签的天线100对称地安装在由两扇间距70厘米的非金属门板101和一个顶柜102组成的通道门两侧。
为实现天线的远距离识读,需要增大天线线圈的面积,扩大天线线圈产生的磁场范围,使13.56MHzRFID标签在远离金属线圈处仍能从磁场中耦合到足够的能量来激活卡体内的芯片。对于半径为R的金属线圈回路,匝数为N时,距离线圈为x处的磁场强度为:
由于磁场强度和线圈半径R并不是线性关系,为从数学上求出最大磁场强度与线圈半径R之间的关系,对上式进行求拐点计算得出:
即发射金属天线的最佳半径是最大期望读写范围的倍。经过计算,在本实施例中,本实施例中,矩形天线线圈3为由4mm2的单芯铜线绕制成45cm宽、75cm长的矩形结构,通过网络分析仪对天线线圈的频点调整到13.56MHz,增益调整到-8.5至-10之间,可在垂直于矩形天线线圈中心法线方向的35cm处读取到13.56MHzRFID标签信息。第一蝶形天线线圈1和第二蝶形天线线圈2由4mm2的单芯铜线绕制成45cm宽、85cm长的蝶形结构,通过网络分析仪对第一蝶形天线线圈1和第二蝶形天线线圈2的频点调整到13.56MHz,增益调整到-8.5至-10之间,可在水平于第一蝶形天线线圈1和第二蝶形天线线圈2中心法线方向的35cm处读取到13.56MHzRFID标签信息。
第一蝶形天线线圈1、第二蝶形天线线圈2和矩形天线线圈3通过天线切换控制电路快速切换,轮流工作向空间辐射能量。如图8所示,当矩形天线线圈3工作时,大部分磁力线104会垂直穿过平行于非金属门板101的13.56MHzRFID标签103,使13.56MHzRFID标签103耦合到足够的能量,实现远距离读取13.56MHzRFID标签103信息。当第一蝶形天线线圈1或第二蝶形天线线圈2工作时,大部分磁力线104会垂直穿过垂直于非金属门板101的13.56MHzRFID标签103,使13.56MHzRFID标签103耦合到足够的能量,实现远距离读取13.56MHzRFID标签103信息,如图9所示。
对于本领域的技术人员来说,可以根据以上的技术方案和构思,给出各种相应的改变和变形,而所有的这些改变和变形,都应该包括在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种远距离识读标签的天线,其特征在于,包括第一蝶形天线线圈(1)、第二蝶形天线线圈(2)和矩形天线线圈(3),第一蝶形天线线圈(1)和第二蝶形天线线圈(2)相对设置且部分重叠,矩形天线线圈(3)位于第一蝶形天线线圈(1)和第二蝶形天线线圈(2)所形成的区域的正中间;所述第一蝶形天线线圈(1)、第二蝶形天线线圈(2)和矩形天线线圈(3)分别通过第一天线阻抗匹配电路(5)、第二天线阻抗匹配电路(6)和第三天线阻抗匹配电路(7)连接于信号源;所述第一蝶形天线线圈(1)、第二蝶形天线线圈(2)和矩形天线线圈(3)均连接于天线切换控制电路(4);所述天线切换控制电路(4)用于在第一蝶形天线线圈(1)、第二蝶形天线线圈(2)和矩形天线线圈(3)之间切换,使得第一蝶形天线线圈(1)、第二蝶形天线线圈(2)和矩形天线线圈(3)轮流向空间辐射能量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的远距离识读标签的天线,其特征在于,所述矩形天线线圈(3)为由4mm2的单芯铜线绕制而成的宽45cm、长75cm的矩形结构,频点为13.56MHz,增益为-8.5~-10。
3.根据权利要求1所述的远距离识读标签的天线,其特征在于,所述第一蝶形天线线圈(1)和第二蝶形天线线圈(2)均为由4mm2的单芯铜线绕制成宽45cm、长85cm的蝶形结构,频点为13.56MHz,增益为-8.5~-10;第一蝶形天线线圈(1)和第二蝶形天线线圈(2)之间具有宽度为5cm的重叠区域。
4.一种具有如权利要求1-3任一所述的远距离识读标签的天线的安检门,其特征在于,所述安检门包括相对设置的两扇非金属门板(101)和连接两扇非金属门板(101)的顶柜(102),两扇非金属门板(101)内分别对称地设有所述远距离识读13.56MHzRFID标签。
5.根据权利要求4所述的安检门,其特征在于,两扇非金属门板(101)之间间隔70cm。
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