CN109358369B - Three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector - Google Patents
Three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector Download PDFInfo
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- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector which comprises a detector, an auxiliary machine and a main machine. The detector comprises a detection frame, an anti-external interference coil and a detection coil; the detection frame consists of an upper annular frame, a lower annular frame and at least one insulating connecting rod. The anti-external interference coil is fixed on the upper annular frame; the detection coil is fixed on the lower annular frame. The auxiliary machine is directly connected with the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil. The auxiliary machine is connected with the main machine. The invention realizes differential mode suppression of signals by adopting 2 groups of coils, thereby counteracting interference of external signals, improving detection precision of the metal detector, and enabling the metal detector to accurately detect even under the environment with complex interference sources (such as high-voltage lines, base station towers and the like around).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal detection, in particular to a three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector.
Background
The pulse type metal detector is a very deep instrument for detecting depth, and is very suitable for archaeological exploration and road politics engineering. Unlike other types of metal detectors, the principle of operation of a pulsed metal detector is: the pulse signal generated by the host computer drives the coil to generate strong and short pulse current. Since each pulse generated by the coil generates a magnetic field, and the polarity of the magnetic field is reversed and collapsed at the end of each pulse, a spike is generated in the coil, and the duration of the spike current is very short, which is called the reflected current. If a metal object is arranged below the coil, a magnetic field generated after the pulse is ended can generate an opposite magnetic field on the object, the magnetic field is superposed into the reflected current to cause the speed of the current attenuation to be reduced, the host computer monitors the length change of the attenuation current at any time, and by comparing with an expected setting, if the attenuation time is prolonged, the host computer can judge that the attenuation time caused by the external metal object is prolonged, so that the host computer judges that the metal object is present.
Most of the existing pulse type metal detectors are wound by a multi-core cable, namely, a single coil is adopted to simultaneously bear the task of transmitting and receiving. The single coil has no capability of resisting external signal interference when working, and once external interference signals exist, such as high-power electromagnetic signal sources like high-voltage wires, wireless transmitting towers or base stations exist nearby, the single coil is easily amplified by the front end of the pulse type metal detector, so that misjudgment occurs. Although this interference electromagnetic wave can be eliminated to some extent by adding a filter before or after the front-end amplification of the pulsed metal detector, since the front-end amplification circuit of the existing pulsed metal detector uses a high-sensitivity amplifier, that is, only a high-sensitivity amplifier can collect the feedback echo signal, the interference electromagnetic wave completely destroys the echo signal, and since the echo signal is incomplete, any filter is disabled, any metal echo and interference is amplified without rejection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing pulse type metal detector is easy to be interfered by external signals and misjudged, and provides a three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse type metal detector.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector consists of a detector, an auxiliary machine and a main machine.
The detector comprises a detection frame, an anti-external interference coil and a detection coil; the detection frame consists of an upper annular frame, a lower annular frame and at least one insulating connecting rod; the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame are horizontally arranged annular frames; the upper annular frame is positioned right above the lower annular frame, a certain height difference exists between the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame, and the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame are connected through an insulating connecting rod which is vertically arranged; the anti-external interference coil is fixed on the upper annular frame; the detection coil is fixed on the lower annular frame.
The auxiliary machine comprises an auxiliary machine shell and an auxiliary machine processing circuit arranged in the auxiliary machine shell; the auxiliary machine processing circuit comprises an auxiliary machine microcontroller, an MOS tube, a preamplifier, resistors R1-R8, diodes D1-D4 and an optical coupler; the driving pulse width modulation end of the auxiliary machine microcontroller is connected with one end of the optocoupler through a resistor R5, and the other end of the optocoupler is connected with one end of a resistor R7; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube M1 and one end of the resistor R6 at the same time; the other end of the resistor R6 and the source electrode of the MOS tube M1 are connected with a negative power supply; one end of the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil, one end of the resistors R1 and R2, anodes of the diodes D1 and D4, and cathodes of the diodes D2 and D3 are simultaneously grounded; the other end of the external interference resistant coil is connected with the other end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D2 and the input positive end of the preamplifier; the other end of the detection coil is connected with the other end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the anode of the diode D3, the cathode of the diode D4 and the input negative end of the preamplifier; two ends of the resistor R5 are respectively connected with an input negative end and an output end of the preamplifier; the output end of the preamplifier is connected with the analog-digital conversion acquisition end of the auxiliary machine microcontroller; the auxiliary machine microcontroller is connected with the auxiliary machine communication module.
The host comprises a host shell and a host processing circuit arranged in the host shell; the host processing circuit consists of a host microcontroller, a host communication module, a display screen, function operation keys, an audio pulse width modulation module and an alarm loudspeaker; the display screen and the function operation keys are used as a man-machine interaction interface, are embedded on the surface of the host shell and are connected with the host microcontroller; the host communication module is connected with the auxiliary computer communication module, and the host communication module is connected with the host microcontroller; the output end of the host microcontroller is connected with the input end of the alarm horn through the audio pulse width modulation module.
In the scheme, the structures and parameters of the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil are identical.
In the scheme, the anti-external-interference coil and the detection coil are square annular or circular annular.
In the above scheme, the height difference between the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil is between 50 cm and 70 cm.
In the scheme, the anti-external-interference coil is insulated from the upper annular frame, and the detection coil is insulated from the lower annular frame.
In the scheme, the anti-external-interference coil is fixed under the upper annular frame, and the detection coil is fixed under the lower annular frame.
In the above scheme, the main machine communication module and the auxiliary machine communication module are both wireless communication modules.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the differential mode suppression of signals is realized by adopting 2 groups of coils, so that the interference of external signals is counteracted, the detection precision of a metal detector is improved, and the metal detector can still accurately detect under the environment with complex interference sources (such as high-voltage wires, base station towers and the like around the metal detector);
2. The 2 groups of coils are arranged on the detection frame, and the structural design of the detection frame can effectively give consideration to the convenience of operation and the detection depth, so that signals of the coils can be effectively and nondestructively transmitted to the microcontroller for processing, and the detection precision is further improved.
3. The data processing function is split into a host machine and an auxiliary machine for realizing data transmission through wires or wireless. Since the analog signal no longer needs to pass through a long signal line, the unstable factor caused by the signal line due to shaking has been substantially avoided. And since both the host and the slave have respective MCUs, the speed of data processing will become quite fast.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a secondary processing circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the invention more apparent.
Referring to fig. 1, a three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector comprises a detection end and a host end. Wherein the detection end comprises a detector and an auxiliary machine. The host side comprises a host.
The detector comprises a detection frame, an anti-external interference coil and a detection coil. The detection frame is used as an installation carrier of the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil and mainly comprises an upper annular frame, a lower annular frame and at least one insulating connecting rod. The upper annular frame and the lower annular frame are both annular frames which are horizontally arranged. The upper annular frame is positioned right above the lower annular frame, a certain height difference exists between the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame, and the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame are connected through an upright insulating connecting rod. The anti-external-interference coil and the detection coil are used as main working parts of the detector, and are respectively formed by winding a multi-core cable, wherein the number of turns is generally 6 to 7. The anti-external-interference coil is fixed on the upper annular frame, and is insulated from the upper annular frame. The detection coil is fixed on the lower annular frame and is insulated from the lower annular frame. The coils (including the anti-external-interference coil and the detection coil) are fixed on the corresponding annular frames (including the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame), and can be positioned right above the corresponding annular frames, or positioned right below the corresponding annular frames, or wound on the corresponding annular frames. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the external disturbing coil is fixed directly under the upper ring frame, and the detecting coil is fixed directly under the lower ring frame. The height difference between the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil is between 50 cm and 70 cm, so that the operation and the detection depth can be effectively considered. The structure and parameters of the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil are identical, and the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil work in the same phase to realize differential mode suppression. Since the anti-external-disturbance coil and the anti-external-disturbance coil need to be fixed on the detection frame, the shape of the anti-external-disturbance coil is the same as that of the upper annular frame, and the detection coil is the same as that of the lower annular frame. In design, the size of the ring frame (including the upper ring frame and the lower ring frame), that is, the coil (including the anti-external-interference coil and the detection coil) may be determined according to the unit area of detection, and when the ring size of the coil is large, the transmission pulse is relatively large. Conversely, when the loop size of the coil is small, the transmit pulse is relatively large. In addition, the shape of the ring frames (including the upper ring frame and the lower ring frame), that is, the coils (including the anti-external-interference coils and the detection coils) may also be determined according to specific design requirements, and may be square ring shape, rectangular ring shape, circular ring shape, polygonal ring shape, or even irregular ring shape. However, the square ring shape and the rectangular ring shape are considered to be preferable because the detection dead angle is not easy to occur.
The auxiliary machine is fixed on the detector and mainly comprises an auxiliary machine shell and an auxiliary machine processing circuit arranged in the auxiliary machine shell. The auxiliary machine processing circuit comprises an auxiliary machine microcontroller, an MOS tube, a preamplifier, resistors R1-R8, diodes D1-D4 and an optical coupler. See fig. 2.
The driving pulse width modulation end of the auxiliary machine microcontroller is connected with one end of the optocoupler through a resistor R5, and the other end of the optocoupler is connected with one end of a resistor R7. The other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube M1 and one end of the resistor R6. The other end of the resistor R6 and the source electrode of the MOS tube M1 are connected with a negative power supply. One end of the anti-external-interference coil and the detection coil, one end of the resistors R1 and R2, anodes of the diodes D1 and D4, and cathodes of the diodes D2 and D3 are simultaneously grounded. The other end of the anti-external-interference coil is connected with the other end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D2 and the input positive end of the preamplifier. The other end of the detection coil is connected with the other end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the anode of the diode D3, the cathode of the diode D4 and the input negative end of the preamplifier. The resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel with the coil and serve as damping resistors to prevent ringing of the coil. The resistors R3 and R4 are used as detection coil and anti-interference coil signal feedback resistors and are used for feeding back signals to the coils, and meanwhile, the buffer function of the coil signals before entering the preamplifier is achieved. The 4 diodes D1-D4 are used to limit the coil feedback signal, limiting the amplitude into the non-inverting input of the preamplifier, avoiding damaging the amplifier due to excessive peaks on the coil. And two ends of the resistor R5 are respectively connected with the input negative end and the output end of the preamplifier. The resistor R5 is a feedback resistor of the front-end preamplifier, and is used for determining the amplification factor of the front-end preamplifier. The output end of the pre-amplifier is connected with the analog-digital conversion acquisition end of the auxiliary machine microcontroller. The auxiliary machine microcontroller is connected with the auxiliary machine communication module.
The host is hung on the body of the detector or placed on the recording point of the detector, and mainly comprises a host shell and a host processing circuit arranged in the host shell. The host processing circuit consists of a host microcontroller, a host communication module, a display screen, function operation keys, an audio pulse width modulation module and an alarm loudspeaker. The display screen and the function operation keys are used as a man-machine interaction interface, are embedded on the surface of the host shell and are connected with the host microcontroller. The host communication module is connected with the auxiliary computer communication module in a wired or wireless mode, and the host communication module is connected with the host microcontroller. The output end of the host microcontroller is connected with the input end of the alarm horn through the audio pulse width modulation module.
The principle of the invention is as follows: assuming that two signals v1, v2 are provided, their common mode signal is Vcom and the differential mode signal is VDiff. Common mode signal (signal of equal amplitude, phase): that is the portion that the two signals share: vcom= (v1+v2)/2; differential mode signal (signal of equal amplitude, opposite phase): that is the portion of the two signals that each possess: for v1, VDiff = (v 1-v 2)/2; for v2, VDiff = - (v 1-v 2)/2; the signal output by the preamplifier contains destroyed echo signals and interference electromagnetic signals, and the invention adopts a differential amplification mode formed by 2 coils to form a differential mode signal transmission mode to solve the interference problem in the detection process.
When the detector is used, an operator only needs to lift the detector, and the lower annular frame of the detector is separated from the ground by a certain distance, so that the detector can keep balance and slowly walk in a region to be detected. At this time, the microcontroller MCU sends out driving pulse and drives the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil simultaneously through the MOS tube, and the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil simultaneously generate strong transient pulse current, and the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil work under the same phase. When a metal object exists under the detector, the reflected currents of the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil change, and the host computer receives the reflected currents fed back by the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil at the same time and sends the reflected currents to the micro controller MCU after amplifying the reflected currents through resistors R1-R5, diodes D1-D4 and the preamplifier. After performing differential mode suppression calculation on the 2 reflected currents, the microcontroller MCU obtains a reflected current signal after interference suppression, compares the reflected current signal after interference suppression with an expected setting, and if the attenuation time is long, the host computer can judge that the attenuation time caused by an external metal object is long, thereby judging that the metal object exists. When the metal object enters the range of the detection frame, the host computer can send out an audible alarm prompt.
In addition, the invention splits all functions in the existing host by the host and the auxiliary machine, and realizes data transmission between the host and the auxiliary machine by wire or wireless. Pulse emission, front-end amplification and ADC acquisition transfer to the auxiliary machine, the auxiliary machine can be directly fixed on a detection frame, so that an analog echo signal received by a detection coil only needs a short section of wire (about a few centimeters) to enter the front-end amplification in the auxiliary machine, then the ADC converts the acquired front-end signal into digital signals, the digital signals are transmitted and sent to a host machine in a wired or wireless mode, and the host machine only needs to process the received digital signals and then correspondingly send out alarm sounds. Because the analog signal collected by the coil no longer requires a long signal line, jitter-induced instabilities in the signal line have been substantially avoided. The host and the auxiliary machine are provided with respective MCU, so that the speed of data processing is quite high, the task processing of the host machine is quite simple, only key processing and a display screen are needed to display functional information, some parameters which require the auxiliary machine to adjust, such as transmitting frequency, receiving sensitivity, power and the like, are transmitted to the auxiliary machine, then the auxiliary machine transmits collected data to the host machine, and finally the host machine only needs to convert the received data into alarm audio.
It should be noted that, although the examples described above are illustrative, this is not a limitation of the present invention, and thus the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments. Other embodiments, which are apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein, are considered to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. A three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector is characterized by comprising a detector, an auxiliary machine and a main machine;
The detector comprises a detection frame, an anti-external interference coil and a detection coil; the detection frame consists of an upper annular frame, a lower annular frame and at least one insulating connecting rod; the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame are horizontally arranged annular frames; the upper annular frame is positioned right above the lower annular frame, a certain height difference exists between the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame, and the upper annular frame and the lower annular frame are connected through an insulating connecting rod which is vertically arranged; the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil are used as main working parts of the detector and are respectively formed by winding a multi-core cable, and the number of turns is 6 to 7; the anti-external-interference coil is fixed on the upper annular frame and is insulated from the upper annular frame; the detection coil is fixed on the lower annular frame and is insulated from the lower annular frame;
The auxiliary machine comprises an auxiliary machine shell and an auxiliary machine processing circuit arranged in the auxiliary machine shell; the auxiliary machine processing circuit comprises an auxiliary machine microcontroller, an MOS tube, a preamplifier, resistors R1-R8, diodes D1-D4 and an optical coupler; the driving pulse width modulation end of the auxiliary machine microcontroller is connected with one end of the optocoupler through a resistor R5, and the other end of the optocoupler is connected with one end of a resistor R7; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube M1 and one end of the resistor R6 at the same time; the other end of the resistor R6 and the source electrode of the MOS tube M1 are connected with a negative power supply; one end of the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil, one end of the resistors R1 and R2, anodes of the diodes D1 and D4, and cathodes of the diodes D2 and D3 are simultaneously grounded; the other end of the external interference resistant coil is connected with the other end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D2 and the input positive end of the preamplifier; the other end of the detection coil is connected with the other end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the anode of the diode D3, the cathode of the diode D4 and the input negative end of the preamplifier; two ends of the resistor R5 are respectively connected with an input negative end and an output end of the preamplifier; the output end of the preamplifier is connected with the analog-digital conversion acquisition end of the auxiliary machine microcontroller; the auxiliary machine microcontroller is connected with the auxiliary machine communication module;
The host comprises a host shell and a host processing circuit arranged in the host shell; the host processing circuit consists of a host microcontroller, a host communication module, a display screen, function operation keys, an audio pulse width modulation module and an alarm loudspeaker; the display screen and the function operation keys are used as a man-machine interaction interface, are embedded on the surface of the host shell and are connected with the host microcontroller; the host communication module is connected with the auxiliary computer communication module, and the host communication module is connected with the host microcontroller; the output end of the host microcontroller is connected with the input end of the alarm horn through the audio pulse width modulation module;
When the detector is used, an operator only needs to lift the detector, and the lower annular frame of the detector is separated from the ground by a certain distance, so that the detector can keep balance and slowly walk in a region to be detected; at this time, the MCU of the auxiliary machine sends out driving pulse, and drives the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil simultaneously through the MOS tube, the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil simultaneously generate strong transient pulse current, and the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil work under the same phase; when a metal object exists right below the detector, the reflected currents of the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil change, and the host computer receives the reflected currents fed back by the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil at the same time and sends the reflected currents to a Micro Controller Unit (MCU) of the host computer after amplifying the reflected currents through resistors R1-R5, diodes D1-D4 and a preamplifier; after performing differential mode suppression calculation on the 2 reflected currents, the MCU of the host obtains a reflected current signal after interference suppression, compares the reflected current signal after interference suppression with an expected setting, if the attenuation time is long, the host can judge that the attenuation time caused by external metal objects is long, so that the host judges that the metal objects exist, and when the metal objects enter the range of the detection frame, the host can send out an acoustic alarm prompt.
2. The three-dimensional coil type electromagnetic interference resistant pulse metal detector as set forth in claim 1, wherein the structure and parameters of the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil are identical.
3. A three-dimensional coil type electromagnetic interference resistant pulse metal detector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the external interference resistant coil and the detection coil are both square ring-shaped or circular ring-shaped.
4. The three-dimensional coil type electromagnetic interference resistant pulse metal detector as set forth in claim 1, wherein a height difference between the anti-external interference coil and the detection coil is between 50 cm and 70 cm.
5. The three-dimensional coil type electromagnetic interference resistant pulse metal detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external interference resistant coil is insulated from the upper annular frame, and the detection coil is insulated from the lower annular frame.
6. The three-dimensional coil type electromagnetic interference resistant pulse metal detector according to claim 1, wherein the external interference resistant coil is fixed under the upper layer annular frame, and the detection coil is fixed under the lower layer annular frame.
7. The three-dimensional coil type anti-electromagnetic interference pulse metal detector according to claim 1, wherein the main machine communication module and the auxiliary machine communication module are both wireless communication modules.
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