CN109357804A - A kind of compacted soil horizontal stress test device and test method - Google Patents
A kind of compacted soil horizontal stress test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109357804A CN109357804A CN201811344079.4A CN201811344079A CN109357804A CN 109357804 A CN109357804 A CN 109357804A CN 201811344079 A CN201811344079 A CN 201811344079A CN 109357804 A CN109357804 A CN 109357804A
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- soil sample
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- cushion block
- limited block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of compacted soil horizontal stress test device and test method, device includes limit case, test specimen tube, pressurizing device, load sensor;Limiting case is the rigidity that open topped is made of steel plate, rectangular box;Sample bucket, casing are the hollow cuboid of inner circle foreign side;By ball spout structure and limit case contacts baseplate, direction of motion two sides are contacted with sample bucket caging bolt and load sensor respectively for sample bucket, half backing plate;Soil sample both ends are equipped with half backing plate, half cushion block for reducing hoop effect;Half backing plate, half cushion block by the identical half-round metal board group of two panels radius at;Soil sample layering preparation height is accurately controlled by half cushion block and limited block;Load sensor contact point is located at half barrel of outer wall center;The total level pressure that the compacted samples of sample bucket inner wall receiving are measured by load sensor, is calculated horizontal stress.The compacted soil horizontal stress value error that the device is measured is small, can provide more reliable, more accurate stress foundation for the design, construction and maintenance of embankment filled soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the compacted soil horizontal stress test devices and test method in a kind of geotechnical engineering.
Background technique
In recent years, the construction of China express railway extends to Midwest hills and mountain area, in order to make full use of mountain area
Fill resources, inevitably to fill a certain amount of high embankment.But investigation show high-filled embankment location often occur due to
Deformation and the side slope instability problem of sinking that banket for being significantly increased and causing embankment of embankment load.The change that sinks for solving to banket
Shape and side slope instability problem just must measure Roadbed Soil and be compacted in the design, construction and maintenance process of embankment filled soil
Stress under state.
Stress test method of the existing Roadbed Soil under compaction state is: by soil pressure cell (type vibration wire frequency meter
Frequency or strain resistor meter) vertical as a whole or lateral embedment tested point, the stress difference of surrounding soil can change with
The frequency of type vibration wire frequency meter when its soil pressure cell being in close contact or the voltage of strain resistor meter, and then obtain tested point soil
The vertical or lateral stress of body.Its there are the problem of;There are physics and the difference of mechanical property, soil for soil pressure cell and surrounding soil
Pressure cell generate the surrounding soil of short distance can in stress collection and stresses re-distribution, change soil
The primary stress field of body causes its test error big to generate matching error;Second is that the output valve of soil pressure cell is vulnerable to warm and humid
The influence of degree, embedded angle etc., also makes its test error big;Third is that in order to reduce matching error, the volume of soil pressure cell
Very little, can only measure stress state local in the soil body, however inherently a kind of non-uniform material of the soil body, such test
As a result precision is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
First invention purpose of the invention is to provide the test device and test method of a kind of compacted soil horizontal stress.The dress
It is small to set the compacted soil horizontal stress value error measured, can be provided for the design, construction and maintenance of embankment filled soil more reliable, more acurrate
Stress foundation.
The present invention realizes that technical solution used by its first invention purpose is: a kind of compacted soil horizontal stress test dress
It sets, composition is:
The rigidity of open topped, the limit case of rectangle are placed on the bottom plate of counter-force rigid frame;Left and right two and half compositions inner circle
The test specimen tube of foreign side, test specimen tube are located in limit case, and the outer wall of test specimen tube is not contacted with limit chamber interior wall;Half tube inner chamber bottom
Equipped with semicircular half backing plate;It is provided with multiple lateral gliding grooves on bottom plate, the bottom of half backing plate and test specimen tube is provided with and glides
The upper hopper chute of slot cooperation, is equipped with ball between upper hopper chute and gliding groove;Half top is equipped with half casing, left and right two and half shield
Cylinder constitutes the casing of inner circle foreign side, and the bottom of half casing is aligned with half top;The sample tube inner chamber on two and half backing plate tops
One layer or more of half cushion block is equipped at position corresponding with half backing plate;The top covering one of left and right two and half cushion block of top layer
The protection wing plate of protrusion is arranged at a limited block, limited block periphery top, and the bottom of limited block is flushed with the bottom of half casing;Counter-force is rigid
The bottom of the crossbeam of frame is fixed with jack, and the mandril of jack is located at the surface at limited block center;Half casing caging bolt
Screw in the outer wall that half casing is withstood after limiting case threaded hole;Test specimen tube caging bolt withstands one and half after screwing in limit case threaded hole
The outer wall of cylinder, the bottom of the tip contact of another half drum outer wall center and load sensor, load sensor is fixed on
On the inner wall for limiting case.
Second goal of the invention of the invention is to provide using above-mentioned compacted soil horizontal stress test device to compacted soil
The method that horizontal stress is tested.
The present invention realizes its second purpose the technical scheme adopted is that a kind of above-mentioned compacted soil horizontal stress test dress
The method tested the horizontal stress of compacted soil is set, the steps include:
A, equipment debugging: mandril retraction, the limited block in taking-up test specimen tube, half cushion block of jack;Adjusting sample cylinder limit
Position bolt, the pressure 0.1-5kPa for measuring load sensor;Half casing caging bolt is adjusted, half casing inner wall and half are made
Inner wall is concordant;
B, inner wall is handled: in half inner wall and half backing plate upper surface coating vaseline, to cover a strata tetrafluoroethene thin again
Film;
C, soil sample is compacted:
C1, the soil sample that predetermined quality is added in test specimen tube;Then it is put into half cushion block of predetermined number of layers in soil sample, makes half
The diameter of cushion block is aligned with half backing plate and half diameter;Limited block is covered again;Limited block is pushed by the mandril of jack
To setting position;The mandril of retraction jack, takes out limited block, half cushion block, completes the compacting of first time soil sample;
C2, the soil sample that predetermined quality is added in test specimen tube again;Then half cushion block, half cushion block number of plies ratio are put into soil sample
It is one layer few when previous soil sample is compacted;And it is aligned the diameter of half cushion block with half backing plate and half diameter;Limited block is covered again;It is logical
Limited block is pressed to setting position by the mandril for crossing jack;The mandril of retraction jack, takes out limited block, half cushion block, completes
The compacting of this soil sample;
C3, the operation for repeating C2 step are carried out until completed soil sample number of machine passes is equal to the predetermined number of layers of half cushion block
The operation of C4 step;
C4, then in test specimen tube be added predetermined quality soil sample;Then limited block is directly covered in soil sample, by very heavy
Limited block is pressed to setting position by the mandril on top;The mandril of retraction jack, takes out limited block, completes last time soil sample pressure
It is real;
D, horizontal stress measurement and calculating
Half casing caging bolt is unclamped, half casing is removed, strikes off soil sample surface;By load sensor obtain half by
Total level pressure F, obtain the horizontal stress σ of soil sample further according to test specimen tube diameter d and height hr,
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
One, soil sample of the invention is to be layered (multiple) in large-sized test specimen tube to be compacted, after soil sample is made, sample
Cylinder and all components such as load sensor there is no any movement and offset, the stress field of native land sample will not due to it is external
Sensor generation outside test specimen tube and test specimen tube acts on and changes, and the stress field of soil sample immobilizes, therefore matching error is not present
Problem.To which the horizontal stress error of the invention measured is small, precision is high.
Two, free space of the present invention on the outside of test specimen tube installs testing level stress load sensor, installation requirement
It is low, it is easy to just half center, test error is small, and installation space is unrestricted, can be used that volume is big, precision is high
Load sensor, improve measuring accuracy, the side projection area that the induction measuring and calculating area of horizontal stress is entire half,
Error caused by soil body inhomogeneities is reduced, to improve the precision of test, reduces test error.
Three, test specimen tube is by two and half backing plates and multiple half for forming, accordingly placing in test specimen tube or so of left and right two and half
Cushion block, and connecing between the seam when being compacted each time between half diameter, the seam at half backing plate diameter, half cushion block diameter
Seam is aligned, half backing plate, half ball spout structure between bottom plate in addition, so that be divided into can be complete for each component of test specimen tube
Two parts of complete free transverse shifting, so that soil sample zero-decrement can pass to loading sensing to the horizontal pressure force of test specimen tube
Device.Also ensure that the soil sample horizontal stress that load sensor calculates is accurate, reliable.
Four, the present invention can be actually added into gross mass, sample in conjunction with soil sample while the horizontal stress for measuring soil sample
The volume of cylinder, the moisture content of soil sample, maximum dry density calculate the compactness of soil sample, obtain the compactness and horizontal stress of soil sample
Relationship, and then for the design, construction and maintenance of embankment filled soil provide it is more reliable, more accurately based on the stress of compactness according to
According to.
Five, the left and right cushion block of multilayer used in the present invention and the limited block with protection wing plate can accurately control each layering
Press real-time soil sample compactness.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic view of the front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention removes the overlooking structure diagram after counter-force steelframe.
Fig. 3 is the I-I cross-sectional view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the relation curve of the compacted soil horizontal stress measured and compactness of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
Fig. 1~3 are shown, and a kind of specific embodiment of the invention is a kind of compacted soil horizontal stress test device, group
Cheng Shi:
The rigidity of open topped, the limit case 100 of rectangle are placed on the bottom plate 401 of counter-force rigid frame 400;Left and right two and half
Cylinder 201 constitutes the test specimen tube 200 of inner circle foreign side, and test specimen tube 200 is located in limit case 100, and the outer wall of test specimen tube 200 and limit
100 inner wall of case does not contact;Half 201 intracavity bottom is equipped with semicircular half backing plate 202;It is provided on bottom plate 101 multiple lateral
The bottom of gliding groove, half backing plate 202 and test specimen tube 200 is provided with the upper hopper chute with gliding groove cooperation, between upper hopper chute and gliding groove
It is equipped with ball 500;Half 201 top is equipped with half casing 300, and left and right two and half casing 300 constitutes the casing of inner circle foreign side,
The bottom of half casing 300 is aligned with half 201 top;200 inner cavity of test specimen tube on two and half backing plates, 202 top and half backing plate
One layer or more of half cushion block 204 is equipped at 202 corresponding positions;The top covering one of left and right two and half cushion block 204 of top layer
The protection wing plate 205a of protrusion, the bottom of limited block 205 and half casing 300 are arranged at a limited block 205,205 periphery top of limited block
Bottom flush;The bottom of the crossbeam 402 of counter-force rigid frame 400 is fixed with jack 600, and the mandril of jack 600 is located at limit
The surface at 205 center of block;The outer wall of half casing 300 is withstood after half casing caging bolt 103 screw-in limit 100 threaded hole of case;
One and half 201 outer walls, another half 201 outer wall are withstood after screw-in limit 100 threaded hole of case of test specimen tube caging bolt 102
The tip contact of center and load sensor 700, the bottom of load sensor 700 are fixed on the inner wall of limit case 100.
A kind of method that the compacted soil horizontal stress test device of this example tests the horizontal stress of compacted soil, step
Suddenly it is:
A, equipment debugging: mandril retraction, the limited block 205 in taking-up test specimen tube 200, half cushion block 204 of jack 600;
Adjusting sample cylinder caging bolt 102, the pressure 0.1-5kPa for measuring load sensor 700;Adjust half casing caging bolt
103, keep half casing, 300 inner wall concordant with half 201 inner wall;
B, inner wall is handled: in half 201 inner wall and half backing plate, 202 upper surface coating vaseline, covering a strata tetrafluoro again
Vinyl film;
C, soil sample is compacted:
C1, the soil sample 203 that predetermined quality is added in test specimen tube 200;Then the half of predetermined number of layers is put into soil sample 203
Cushion block 204 is aligned the diameter of half cushion block 204 with half backing plate 202 and half 201 diameter;Limited block 205 is covered again;Pass through
Limited block 205 is pressed to setting position by the mandril of jack 600;The mandril of retraction jack 600 takes out limited block 205, half
Cushion block 204 completes the compacting of first time soil sample;
C2, the soil sample 203 that predetermined quality is added in test specimen tube 200 again;Then half cushion block 204 is put into soil sample 203,
Half cushion block, 204 number of plies than previous soil sample few one layer when being compacted;And make diameter and half backing plate 202 and half 201 of half cushion block 204
Diameter alignment;Limited block 205 is covered again;Limited block 205 is pressed into setting position by the mandril of jack 600;Retraction thousand
The mandril on jin top 600, takes out limited block 205, half cushion block 204, completes the compacting of this soil sample;
C3, the operation for repeating C2 step, until completed soil sample number of machine passes is equal to the predetermined number of layers of half cushion block 204,
Carry out the operation of C4 step;
C4, then in test specimen tube 200 be added predetermined quality soil sample 203;Then limited block is directly covered in soil sample 203
205, limited block 205 is pressed to by setting position by the mandril of jack 600;The mandril of retraction jack 600, takes out limit
Block 205 completes the compacting of last time soil sample;
D, horizontal stress measurement and calculating
Half casing caging bolt 103 is unclamped, half casing 301 is removed, strikes off 203 surface of soil sample;By load sensor 700
It obtains the half 201 total level pressure F being subject to, obtains the horizontal stress of soil sample 203 further according to test specimen tube 200 diameter d and height h
σr,
Testing experiment
Using test device and test method of the invention, horizontal stress test has been carried out to a kind of high liquid limit clay.Examination
Sample bucket internal diameter 152mm, high 116mm, Water Content Tests in Soil Samples are controlled by optimum moisture content 17.48%, and (also known as compacting degree, refers to compactness K
Be dry density and the ratio between standard maximum dry density after soil or the compacting of other road-making materials, it is expressed as a percentage;To same
Earth material, under the conditions of standard impact density, the maximum value for the dry density that can reach is known as maximum dry density) between 60%~96%
Variation;Load sensor range is 1t, accuracy class 0.03%.The horizontal stress tested out is tested under different compactnesss as schemed
Shown in 4.
Fig. 4's the result shows that, the horizontal stress σ of tested high liquid limit clayrIt is in high-positive correlation with compactness K, low
The linearly dependent coefficient R in compactness area (K=60%-91.5%)2=0.9935;In high pressure solidity area (K=91.5%-96%)
Linearly dependent coefficient R2=0.9945.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of compacted soil horizontal stress test device, composition is:
The rigidity of open topped, the limit case (100) of rectangle are placed on the bottom plate (401) of counter-force rigid frame (400);Left and right two
The test specimen tube (200) of half (201) composition inner circle foreign side, test specimen tube (200) is located in limit case (100), and test specimen tube (200)
Outer wall with limit case (100) inner wall do not contact;Half (201) intracavity bottom is equipped with semicircular half backing plate (202);Bottom plate
(101) multiple lateral gliding grooves are provided on, the bottom of half backing plate (202) and test specimen tube (200) is provided with and gliding groove cooperation
Upper hopper chute is equipped with ball (500) between upper hopper chute and gliding groove;The top of half (201) is equipped with half casing (300), and left and right two
A half casing (300) constitutes the casing of inner circle foreign side, and the bottom of half casing (300) is aligned with the top of half (201);Two and half
One layer or more of half cushion block is equipped at test specimen tube (200) the inner cavity position corresponding with half backing plate (202) on backing plate (202) top
(204);The top of left and right two and half cushion block (204) of top layer covers a limited block (205), on limited block (205) periphery
There is the protection wing plate (205a) of protrusion in portion, and the bottom of limited block (205) is flushed with the bottom of half casing (300);Counter-force rigid frame
(400) bottom of crossbeam (402) is fixed with jack (600), and the mandril of jack (600) is located at limited block (205) center
Surface;The outer wall of half casing (300) is withstood after half casing caging bolt (103) screw-in limit case (100) threaded hole;Sample
Cylinder caging bolt (102), which screws in after limit case (100) threaded hole, withstands the outer wall of one and half (201), and another half (201)
Limit case is fixed in the bottom of the tip contact of outer wall center and load sensor (700), load sensor (700)
(100) on inner wall.
2. a kind of test the horizontal stress of compacted soil using compacted soil horizontal stress test device described in claim 1
Method, the steps include:
A, equipment debugging: mandril retraction, the limited block (205) in taking-up test specimen tube (200), half cushion block of jack (600)
(204);Adjusting sample cylinder caging bolt (102), the pressure 0.1-5kPa for measuring load sensor (700);Half is adjusted to protect
Cylinder caging bolt (103), keeps half casing (300) inner wall concordant with half (201) inner wall;
B, inner wall is handled: in half (201) inner wall and half backing plate (202) upper surface coating vaseline, covering a strata tetrafluoro again
Vinyl film;
C, soil sample is compacted:
C1, the soil sample (203) that predetermined quality is added in test specimen tube (200);Then predetermined number of layers is put on soil sample (203)
Half cushion block (204) is aligned the diameter of half cushion block (204) and the diameter of half backing plate (202) and half (201);Limit is covered again
Block (205);Limited block (205) is pressed into setting position by the mandril of jack (600);The top of retraction jack (600)
Bar takes out limited block (205), half cushion block (204), completes the compacting of first time soil sample;
C2, the soil sample (203) that predetermined quality is added in test specimen tube (200) again;Then half cushion block is put on soil sample (203)
(204), few one layer when half cushion block (204) number of plies is compacted than previous soil sample;And make the diameter and half backing plate of half cushion block (204)
(202) and half (201) diameter alignment;Limited block (205) are covered again;By the mandril of jack (600) by limited block
(205) setting position is pressed to;The mandril of retraction jack (600) takes out limited block (205), half cushion block (204), completes this
Secondary soil sample compacting;
C3, the operation for repeating C2 step, until completed soil sample number of machine passes is equal to the predetermined number of layers of half cushion block (204), into
The operation of row C4 step;
C4, then toward the interior soil sample (203) that predetermined quality is added of test specimen tube (200);Then the directly covering limit on soil sample (203)
Limited block (205) is pressed to setting position by the mandril of jack (600) by block (205);The top of retraction jack (600)
Bar takes out limited block (205), completes the compacting of last time soil sample;
D, horizontal stress measurement and calculating
Half casing caging bolt (103) is unclamped, half casing (301) is removed, strikes off soil sample (203) surface;By load sensor
(700) it obtains the total level pressure F that half (201) are subject to, obtains soil sample further according to test specimen tube (200) diameter d and height h
(203) horizontal stress σr,
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