CN108663242A - A kind of ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device and method - Google Patents
A kind of ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108663242A CN108663242A CN201710209877.5A CN201710209877A CN108663242A CN 108663242 A CN108663242 A CN 108663242A CN 201710209877 A CN201710209877 A CN 201710209877A CN 108663242 A CN108663242 A CN 108663242A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000273618 Sphenoclea zeylanica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009411 base construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to geotechnical engineering shop test equipment technical field, more particularly to a kind of ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device and method.The device includes sample preparation cylinder and hits real equipment, sample preparation cylinder includes pedestal and upper and lower casing, upper casing can be flexible to adjust the total height of upper and lower casing along lower casing, upper and lower casing outer wall is equipped with uniform graduation mark, sample preparation cylinder material is transparent toughened glass, rubber pattern is close to cylinder inboard wall after passing through casing and both ends are counter is placed on casing and base outer wall, and casing wall respectively sets gas vent to realize that inner wall is vacuumized with rubber intermode gap.Real equipment is hit as stainless steel material, including transmission rod, compaction hammer and plane rough cutter piece, the lower part solid hopkinson bar of transmission rod can stretch in upper hollow shaft, and transmission rod total length is adjusted by limiter.Soil sample ratio of height to diameter can be adjusted flexibly when sample preparation of the present invention, and the visualization of sample preparation overall process, soil sample is paved and hit can be precisely controlled in fact and test operation process is simple, can be promoted the use of in soil test technique field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical engineering shop test equipment technical field, more particularly to a kind of ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil
Sample preparation device and method.
Background technology
Indoor ordinary triaxial test is widely used in the research of soil body mechanical characteristic, including measures soil shear strength ginseng
Number (cohesion and internal friction angle) obtains resistance to shear of soil-strain curve and its dilatancy etc..It, should for disturbed soil
The key of test operation is the preparation of soil sample, if being made, soil sample is uneven, preparation process is difficult to accurately control, soil sample ratio of height to diameter
It is too small or be difficult to according to research need be adjusted flexibly, can make test result differed with the true stress-strain behavior of the soil body compared with
Value that is big and cannot achieve this experiment.Existing earthwork test rule regulation soil sample ratio of height to diameter is generally 2.0-2.5, and diameter includes
Tri- kinds of specifications of 39.1mm, 61.8mm and 101.0mm, specific method for making sample be using steel split cavity cylinder or three petal cylinders, according to
Test determination compactness calculate needed for quality of soil sample, several parts for then getting soil sample ready and the quality such as being divided into successively fill in mould cylinder
Reality is hit, until all soil samples insert mould cylinder, clayey soil divides 5-8 layers to hit reality, and the non-clayey soil body divides 3-5 layers to hit reality.
But there are the following problems for above-mentioned sample preparation device and operating method：
(1) the split cavity cylinder of steel or three petal cylinders are due to material the reason is that opaque, and the soil body is inserted when prepared by sample
Hit that real process is invisible, the height that the spreading evenness, the layer soil body after every part of soil body filling are hit after reality all can not be controlled accurately
System and can only by virtue of experience estimate, this will cause the compactness of each layer after native sample compacting there are deviation, soil sample obtained be it is non-
Matter, there are large errors for obtained test result；
(2) the split or three petal cylinder height of steel are changeless, once certain diameter specifications is had selected, it is obtained
Soil sample is by fixing and ratio of height to diameter is made not adjust voluntarily due to mould cylinder height.This will cannot meet same diameter different height
The scientific research of each soil sample mechanical characteristic otherness comparative analysis needs, and for the larger soil sample of average grain diameter, general
It is required that ratio of height to diameter is larger to eliminate the influence of end restraint, but there is no consider soil body grain size to sample preparation ratio of height to diameter for steel mould cylinder
It is required that.
For this purpose, how designing a kind of sample preparation overall process (including the paving of every layer of soil sample, hit height etc. after reality) can accurately control
System, soil sample ratio of height to diameter can need the triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device being adjusted flexibly according to experiment, and it is a kind of to be attached to design
Shakeout, hit it is real it is dual-purpose hit real equipment, to improve the real reliability of test result, meet scientific research and the actual needs of engineering
It is a direction for being worth research.
Invention content
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation devices, solve existing sample preparation
Soil sample ratio of height to diameter can not be adjusted flexibly according to research needs when device sample preparation, the preparation of soil sample is uneven, compactness controls inaccurately
The problem of, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil method for making sample.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is：Ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device,
It is characterized in that：Including sample preparation cylinder and it is set in sample preparation cylinder and hits real equipment；
The sample preparation cylinder includes pedestal, lower casing, upper casing and rubber pattern, and lower casing is placed on pedestal, lower casing
Top connects and composes casing main body with upper casing, and upper casing can be flexible to adjust the total height of casing main body up and down along lower casing,
The outer wall of casing main body is equipped with uniform graduation mark, and zero graduation line is located at the lower end of lower casing, and rubber pattern passes through casing main body
It is close to the anti-outer wall for being placed on casing main body and pedestal of cylinder inboard wall and both ends afterwards, the outer wall of upper casing and lower casing respectively sets a row
Stomata is vacuumized with the gap realized between inner wall and rubber pattern；
Described to hit real equipment include transmission rod, compaction hammer and plane rough cutter piece, and the lower end of transmission rod connect with compaction hammer, lower end
Connection plane rough cutter piece, transmission rod includes upper hollow shaft, lower part solid hopkinson bar and limiter, and lower part solid hopkinson bar is socketed by limiter
And can be flexible up and down in upper hollow shaft in upper hollow shaft, and by the total length of limiter adjustment transmission rod.
The pedestal includes pedestal, backing plate and permeable stone, and the upper surface center of pedestal opens up the round hole completely penetrated through
Hole, hole inner wall set screw thread, and hole diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of lower casing, and backing plate is placed in hole, and the top of backing plate is placed thoroughly
Water stone, after permeable stone is placed in backing plate upper surface, the upper surface of permeable stone and the top surface of pedestal, lower casing outer wall zero graduation line at
In same level.
The pedestal is prismatic shape, is highly 2-4cm.
The backing plate is the solid backing plate of cylindrical shape, and cross-sectional diameter is identical as permeable stone and is slightly less than pedestal
Hole diameter.
Vaseline of the gap filling for anti-leak-stopping soil between the hole and backing plate of the pedestal.
The upper casing and lower casing are thin hollow transparent tempered glass pipe, and outer wall front and the back side are equipped with uniform carve
Line is spent, and the unit length of graduation mark is 1mm；Upper casing is close to vertical midpoint position on the upper side, lower casing close to vertical midpoint
Stay the gas vent there are one aperture 1.5-2mm in position on the lower side.
The ratio of height to diameter of the lower casing is 2-2.5, and bottom outer surface is equipped with convenient for being connected to the screw thread in base-plate holes,
And screw thread be located at zero graduation line hereinafter, its inner wall vertically midpoint up sets screw thread and is connect with upper casing 3, barrel thickness 1-
1.5mm。
The height of the upper casing is identical as lower casing, outer wall vertically midpoint toward having in lower casing
Flexible screw thread, outer diameter are slightly less than the internal diameter of lower casing, barrel thickness 0.5-1mm up and down.
Described to hit real equipment and be made of stainless steel material, the upper end of upper hollow shaft is equipped with for being connect with plane rough cutter piece
Screw thread, the lower end position on the upper side of upper hollow shaft opens up the hole of two diameter 0.5-1mm, and hole is along upper hollow shaft or so
Symmetrically, and hole inner wall reserves screw thread, and limiter is inserted into hole and is fixedly connected with lower part solid hopkinson bar with upper hollow shaft, and lower part is real
The lower end of core bar is equipped with the screw thread being connect for the compaction hammer upper surface center position with thick round pie.
The outer diameter of the upper hollow shaft is 2-2.5mm, and the diameter of wall thickness 0.3-0.5mm, lower part solid hopkinson bar are slightly less than
The internal diameter of portion's hollow stem.
A kind of triaxial test disturbed soil method for making sample, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
The first step：Equipment is installed
1. first according to sample preparation ratio of height to diameter and soil sample diameter calculation sample preparation height, if soil sample height is less than or equal to lower casing
Highly, can soil sample directly be produced using lower casing, otherwise should combines casing and makes soil sample together；
2. connecting lower casing upper end with upper casing lower end by internal and external screw thread, the total of casing is adjusted according to sample preparation height
Highly；
3. by lower casing lower end aligned base-plate holes, the two is connected by screw thread, lower casing outer wall zero graduation after tightening
Line should be concordant with pedestal upper surface；
4. being penetrated from the top of the casing and pedestal connected or lower part using the waterproof rubber pattern of suitable tubular, from another
One end is pierced by, and is placed on part that both ends have more is counter on the outer wall of casing and pedestal；
5. processed backing plate is taken to be placed on clean and tidy, smooth and dry sample preparation table top, permeable stone is put in backing plate upper surface, and
Vaseline will be applied on the outer wall of backing plate and permeable stone；
6. the pedestal for having put on rubber pattern is placed on permeable stone and backing plate, base internal wall and backing plate and permeable stone outer wall
Between gap by having applied vaseline sealing, and ensure that permeable stone upper surface is concordant with lower casing outer wall zero graduation line；
7. gas between rubber pattern and casing is reserved gas vent by upper casing and lower casing outer wall with air-breathing ball to be sucked out, make
Rubber pattern is close to casing inner wall；
8. unclamping the limiter on transmission rod, power transmission pole length is adjusted according to casing total height, waits for that lower part solid hopkinson bar stretches out
After length determines, then limiter is tightened to fix lower part solid hopkinson bar, and compaction hammer and plane rough cutter piece are connected to transmission rod
Lower end and upper end；
Second step：Native sample compacting
1. weighing the soil body needed for required single soil sample according to soil sample volume and the corresponding soil body dry density of sample preparation compactness
Gross mass, and require to weigh the soil body and the quality such as be divided into according to testing regulations several parts；
2. first part of soil body is taken slowly to be sent into casing, shakeout with the plane rough cutter piece of transmission rod upper end, by casing outer wall
Graduation mark reads filling soil sample loose laying depth h, calculates the soil sample height h1 after hitting reality according to soil sample dry density, loose laying depth subtracts
Hitting height h-h1 after reality, to be this should hit real height；
3. hitting in real time, compaction hammer bottom surface is kept constant at a distance from soil sample surface, and compaction hammer must not be made fluctuated and caused
Soil sample compactness is uneven, specifically fall fallen away from being determined according to trial test away from control by means of casing outer wall graduation mark；
4. after this part of soil sample hits actual arrival predetermined altitude h1, the 2nd part of soil sample is taken slowly to be sent into casing, subsequent step and
A soil sample is identical, carries out hitting reality according to above-mentioned steps；
5. it hits during reality, can be as needed since soil body height is being continuously increased in casing, utilize limiter tune
The total length of whole transmission rod；
Third walks：Sample preparation device is removed
1. waiting for each part soil sample filling, hitting after the completion of reality, sample is placed on ordinary triaxial test instrument pedestal, water-filling is carried out
Saturation；
After 2. sample is fully saturated, the rubber pattern being placed in advance in upper casing and base outer wall is reversed, by pedestal together with
Casing is gently removed from sample together, after permeable stone lower bolster is taken out；
3. sample is positioned over ordinary triaxial test instrument pedestal together with permeable stone, sample lower part has more rubber pattern and is sleeved on three
It is tightly wrapped on axis instrument pedestal and with rubber band, top has more rubber pattern and equally originated in load plate with rubber band.
When adjusting the total height of casing according to sample preparation height in the first step, casing total height is higher 2-3cm than sample；Institute
The thickness for stating rubber pattern is 0.2-0.5mm, and length is more than sample 7-9cm.
It requires according to testing regulations that the soil body will be weighed and be divided into etc. 5-8 parts of quality in the second step.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention is using the casing sample preparation that can be stretched above and below, shield
Drum outer wall sets uniform graduation mark, and sample preparation cylinder is made of transparent toughened glass, and devises one kind and shakeout, hit real dual-purpose, and rod piece is long
It spends adjustable actual load of hitting to set, each soil sample ratio of height to diameter is adjusted flexibly according to experiment demand when realizing sample preparation, and sample preparation overall process can
Depending on change, soil sample paves and hits the real purpose that can be precisely controlled.It can be met using soil sample produced by the present invention indoor different high
Cell cube ordinary triaxial test of the diameter than under, the influence of end rigid constraint when eliminating sample load, and soil sample is made more
Uniformly, compactness control is more accurate, so as to obtain more true and reliable test result.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main view sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sample preparation barrel structure front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is sectional view at the A-A ' of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is sectional view at the B-B ' of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the base construction schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the pedestal and backing structure vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the backing plate and permeable stone structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 hits real equipment front view for the present invention's.
Fig. 9 is the part A enlarged diagram of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is compaction hammer vertical view.
In figure：1- pedestals, casing under 2-, the upper casings of 3-, 4- rubber patterns, 5- gas vents, 6- transmission rods, 7- limiters, 8-
Compaction hammer, 9- plane rough cutter pieces, 10- pedestals, 11- backing plates, 12- permeable stones, 13- graduation marks, 14- vaseline, the tops 15- are hollow
Bar, the lower parts 16- solid hopkinson bar.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to be embodied
Example.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 10, ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device, including sample preparation cylinder and it is set to sample preparation cylinder
Interior hits real equipment.
Sample preparation cylinder includes pedestal 1, lower casing 2, upper casing 3, rubber pattern 4, and lower casing 2 is placed on pedestal 1, lower casing 2
Top and upper casing 3 connect and compose casing main body, upper casing 3 can stretch along about 2 lower casing to adjust the total of casing main body
Highly, the front of casing main body and back side outer wall are equipped with the graduation mark 13 that uniform unit length is 1mm, and zero graduation line is located at
Lower 3 lower end of casing, sample preparation cylinder material are transparent toughened glass, and rubber pattern 4 is close to cylinder inboard wall after passing through casing and both ends are counter covers
In 1 outer wall of casing main body and pedestal, upper casing 3 is on the lower side slightly towards vertical midpoint slightly towards vertical midpoint position on the upper side, lower casing 2
The gas vent 5 there are one aperture 1.5mm is stayed in position, and to realize, gap vacuumizes between inner wall and rubber pattern 4；Pedestal 1 includes base
Seat 10 and backing plate 11, pedestal 10 are prismatic shape, are highly 2cm, and upper surface center opens up the circular hole completely penetrated through,
Hole inner wall sets screw thread and diameter is slightly larger than 2 outer diameter of lower casing, difference 0.2mm, the reality of cylindrical shape both in the present embodiment
Heart backing plate 11 is placed in 10 hole of pedestal, puts permeable stone 12 thereon, and 11 cross-sectional diameter of backing plate is identical and smaller as permeable stone 12
The difference 0.3mm both in 10 hole diameter of pedestal, the present embodiment, after permeable stone 12 is placed in 11 upper surface of backing plate, permeable stone 12
Upper surface and 10 top surface of pedestal, 2 outer wall zero graduation line of lower casing be in same level, 10 hole of pedestal and backing plate 11 when placement
Between gap vaseline 14 fill anti-leak-stopping soil；The ratio of height to diameter of lower casing 2 is 2, and casing bottom outer surface is threaded to connect
Be connected in 10 hole of pedestal, and screw thread be located at zero graduation line hereinafter, casing inner wall vertically midpoint up sets screw thread and upper shield
Cylinder 3 connects, barrel thickness 1mm.3 height of upper casing is identical as lower casing 2, and 3 outer diameter of upper casing is slightly less than 2 internal diameter of lower casing, barrel
Thick 0.5mm, outer wall vertically midpoint realized toward screw thread is divided into it is arbitrarily flexible in lower casing 2, if lower casing 2 has met
Upper casing 3 can no longer connect with lower casing 2 and individually use 2 sample preparation of lower casing by sample preparation ratio of height to diameter demand, when sample preparation.
It hits real equipment to be made of stainless steel material, the lower end of transmission rod 6 is connect with compaction hammer 8, lower end connection plane rough cutter piece
9, transmission rod 6 includes upper hollow shaft 15, lower part solid hopkinson bar 16 and limiter 7, and lower part solid hopkinson bar 16 is socketed on by limiter 7
And can be flexible up and down in upper hollow shaft 15 in upper hollow shaft 15, and by the total length of the adjustment transmission rod 6 of limiter 7.It passes
The slightly biased upper position in 15 lower end of upper hollow shaft of power bar 6 opens up the hole of two diameter 0.5mm, and hole is along 15 or so pairs of hollow stem
Claim, and hole inner wall reserves screw thread, to which limiter 7 is inserted into hole to fix lower part solid hopkinson bar 16；Outside upper hollow shaft 15
Diameter is 2mm, wall thickness 0.3mm, and solid hopkinson bar 16 diameter in lower part is slightly less than 15 internal diameter of upper hollow shaft, difference both in the present embodiment
0.1mm；15 upper end of upper hollow shaft there are screw thread with plane rough cutter piece 9 connect, 16 lower end of lower part solid hopkinson bar equally set screw thread with thickness
The 8 upper surface center position connection of compaction hammer of round pie.
Embodiment 2
For disturbing cohesive soil, illustrate using ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device described in embodiment 1 into
Row triaxial test disturbed soil method for making sample operating process：
The first step：Equipment is installed
1. first according to sample preparation ratio of height to diameter and soil sample diameter calculation sample preparation height, if soil sample height is less than or equal to lower casing
2 height, directly can produce soil sample using lower casing 2, otherwise should combine casing 3 and make soil sample together.Herein for more multiple
Miscellaneous situation, i.e. joint are illustrated using the sample making course of upper casing 3 and lower casing 2；
2. connecting 2 upper end of lower casing with 3 lower end of upper casing by internal and external screw thread, casing is adjusted according to sample preparation height
Total height, and casing total height is higher 2cm than sample；
3. by 2 lower end aligned pedestal of lower casing, 10 hole, the two is connected by screw thread, 2 outer wall zero of lower casing after tightening
Graduation mark should be concordant with 10 upper surface of pedestal；
4. using the waterproof rubber pattern 4 (thickness 0.2mm, length are more than sample 7cm) of suitable tubular from the shield connected
The top or lower part of cylinder and pedestal 10 penetrate, and are pierced by from the other end, by anti-casing and the pedestal 10 of being placed in part that both ends have more
On outer wall；
5. processed backing plate 11 is taken to be placed on clean and tidy, smooth and dry sample preparation table top, 11 upper surface of backing plate is put permeable
Stone 12, and vaseline 14 will be applied on the outer wall of backing plate 11 and permeable stone 12；
6. the pedestal 10 for having put on rubber pattern 4 is placed on permeable stone 12 and backing plate 11,10 inner wall of pedestal and backing plate 11
Gap is sealed by having applied vaseline 14 between 12 outer wall of permeable stone, and ensures 12 upper surface of permeable stone and lower zero quarter of 2 outer wall of casing
It is concordant to spend line；
7. gas between rubber pattern 4 and casing is reserved gas vent 5 by upper casing 3 and lower 2 outer wall of casing with air-breathing ball to inhale
Go out, rubber pattern 4 is made to be close to casing inner wall；
8. unclamping the limiter 7 on transmission rod 6, power transmission pole length is adjusted according to casing total height, waits for lower part solid hopkinson bar 16
After extension elongation determines, then limiter 7 is tightened to fix lower part solid hopkinson bar 16, and compaction hammer 8 and plane rough cutter piece 9 are separately connected
In the lower end and upper end of transmission rod 6.
Second step：Native sample compacting
1. weighing the soil body needed for required single soil sample according to soil sample volume and the corresponding soil body dry density of sample preparation compactness
Gross mass, and require to weigh the soil body and the quality such as be divided into according to testing regulations 5 parts；
2. first part of soil body is taken slowly to be sent into casing, shakeout with the plane rough cutter piece 9 of 6 upper end of transmission rod, by casing outside
Wall graduation mark 13 reads filling soil sample loose laying depth h, and the soil sample height h1 after hitting reality, loose laying depth are calculated according to soil sample dry density
Subtracting height h-h1 after hitting reality, to be this should hit real height；
3. hit in real time, 8 bottom surface of compaction hammer is kept constant at a distance from soil sample surface, compaction hammer 8 must not be made fluctuated and
Cause soil sample compactness it is uneven, specifically fall fallen away from being determined according to trial test away from control by means of casing outer wall graduation mark 13；
4. after this part of soil sample hits actual arrival predetermined altitude h1, the 2nd part of soil sample is taken slowly to be sent into casing, subsequent step and
A soil sample is identical, the 3rd part ... the 5th part and so on, it carries out hitting reality according to above-mentioned steps；
5. it hits during reality, can be as needed since soil body height is being continuously increased in casing, utilize limiter 7
Adjust the total length of transmission rod 6.
Third walks：Sample preparation device is removed
1. waiting for each part soil sample filling, hitting after the completion of reality, sample is placed on ordinary triaxial test instrument pedestal, water-filling is carried out
Saturation；
2. after sample is fully saturated, the rubber pattern 4 being placed in advance on 10 outer wall of upper casing 3 and pedestal is reversed, by pedestal
10 gently remove together with casing from sample, after 12 lower bolster 11 of permeable stone is taken out；
3. sample is positioned over ordinary triaxial test instrument pedestal together with permeable stone 12, sample lower part has more 4 sets of rubber pattern
It is tightly wrapped on triaxial apparatus pedestal and with rubber band, top has more rubber pattern 4 and equally twined in load plate with rubber band.
After the completion of above-mentioned steps, soil sample completes, and will be consolidated, be loaded to soil sample in next step.
Embodiment 3
The Each part and connection relation of ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device described in the present embodiment are equal
In the same manner as in Example 1, different technical parameters are：
1) aperture of gas vent 5 is 1.7mm；
2) height of pedestal 10 is 3cm；
3) hole diameter is slightly larger than 2 outer diameter of lower casing, and the two differs 0.25mm；
4) 11 cross-sectional diameter of backing plate is identical as permeable stone 12 and is slightly less than 10 hole diameter of pedestal, and the two differs 0.4mm；
5) ratio of height to diameter of casing 2 is 2.2 under；
6) the barrel thickness 1.2mm of casing 2 under；
7) the barrel thickness 0.7mm of casing 3 on；
8) the slightly biased upper position in 15 lower end of upper hollow shaft of transmission rod 6 opens up the hole of two diameter 0.7mm；
9) 15 outer diameter of upper hollow shaft is 2.3mm, wall thickness 0.4mm；
10) solid hopkinson bar 16 diameter in lower part is slightly less than 15 internal diameter of upper hollow shaft, and the two differs 0.15mm.
Embodiment 4
Triaxial test is carried out in the present embodiment using ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device described in embodiment 3 to disturb
System of breaking ground quadrat method operating process is in the same manner as in Example 2, and different technical parameters is：
1) total height of casing is adjusted according to sample preparation height, and casing total height is higher 2.5cm than sample；
2) the thickness 0.3mm of rubber pattern 4, length are more than sample 8cm；
3) 6 parts weighing the soil body and the quality such as being divided into are required according to testing regulations.
Embodiment 5
The Each part and connection relation of ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device described in the present embodiment are equal
In the same manner as in Example 1, different technical parameters are：
1) aperture of gas vent 5 is 2mm；
2) height of pedestal 10 is 4cm；
3) hole diameter is slightly larger than 2 outer diameter of lower casing, and the two differs 0.3mm；
4) 11 cross-sectional diameter of backing plate is identical as permeable stone 12 and is slightly less than 10 hole diameter of pedestal, and the two differs 0.5mm；
5) ratio of height to diameter of casing 2 is 2.5 under；
6) the barrel thickness 1.5mm of casing 2 under；
7) the barrel thickness 1mm of casing 3 on；
8) the slightly biased upper position in 15 lower end of upper hollow shaft of transmission rod 6 opens up the hole of two diameter 1mm；
9) 15 outer diameter of upper hollow shaft is 2.5mm, wall thickness 0.5mm；
10) solid hopkinson bar 16 diameter in lower part is slightly less than 15 internal diameter of upper hollow shaft, and the two differs 0.2mm.
Embodiment 6
Triaxial test is carried out in the present embodiment using ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device described in embodiment 5 to disturb
System of breaking ground quadrat method operating process is in the same manner as in Example 2, and different technical parameters is：
1) total height of casing is adjusted according to sample preparation height, and casing total height is higher 3cm than sample；
2) the thickness 0.5mm of rubber pattern 4, length are more than sample 9cm；
3) 8 parts weighing the soil body and the quality such as being divided into are required according to testing regulations.
Claims (10)
1. ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device, it is characterised in that：Including sample preparation cylinder and it is set to hitting in sample preparation cylinder
Real equipment；
The sample preparation cylinder includes pedestal (1), lower casing (2), upper casing (3) and rubber pattern (4), and lower casing (2) is placed in pedestal (1)
On, top and the upper casing (3) of lower casing (2) connect and compose casing main body, and upper casing (3) can up and down be stretched along lower casing (2)
Contracting is to adjust the total height of casing main body, and the outer wall of casing main body is equipped with uniform graduation mark (13), under zero graduation line is located at
The lower end of casing (2), rubber pattern (4) is close to cylinder inboard wall after passing through casing main body and both ends are counter is placed on casing main body and pedestal
(1) outer wall of outer wall, upper casing (3) and lower casing (2) respectively set a gas vent (5) with realize inner wall and rubber pattern (4) it
Between gap vacuumize；
It is described that hit real equipment include transmission rod (6), compaction hammer (8) and plane rough cutter piece (9), the lower end of transmission rod (6) and compaction hammer
(8) it connects, lower end connection plane rough cutter piece (9), transmission rod (6) includes upper hollow shaft (15), lower part solid hopkinson bar (16) and limit
Device (7), lower part solid hopkinson bar (16) are socketed in upper hollow shaft (15) by limiter (7) and can be in upper hollow shafts (15)
It is flexible up and down, and by the total length of limiter (7) adjustment transmission rod (6).
2. ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pedestal (1) packet
It includes pedestal (10), backing plate (11) and permeable stone (12), the upper surface center of pedestal (10) and opens up the circular hole completely penetrated through,
Hole inner wall sets screw thread, and hole diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of lower casing (2), and backing plate (11) is placed in hole, backing plate (11) it is upper
Permeable stone (12) is placed by side, after permeable stone (12) is placed in backing plate (11) upper surface, upper surface and the pedestal (10) of permeable stone (12)
Top surface, lower casing (2) outer wall zero graduation line be in same level；The pedestal (10) is prismatic shape, is highly
2-4cm；The backing plate (11) is the solid backing plate of cylindrical shape, and cross-sectional diameter is identical as permeable stone (12) and is slightly less than
The hole diameter of pedestal (10)；All scholar of the gap filling for anti-leak-stopping soil between the hole and backing plate (11) of the pedestal (10)
Woods (14).
3. ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper casing (3)
It is thin hollow transparent tempered glass pipe with lower casing (2), outer wall front and the back side are equipped with uniform graduation mark (13), and scale
The unit length of line (13) is 1mm；Upper casing (3) is inclined close to vertical midpoint close to vertical midpoint position on the upper side, lower casing (2)
Stay the gas vent (5) there are one aperture 1.5-2mm in lower position.
4. ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The lower casing (2)
Ratio of height to diameter be 2-2.5, bottom outer surface is equipped with convenient for being connected to screw thread in pedestal (10) hole, and screw thread was located at for zero quarter
Degree line hereinafter, its inner wall vertically midpoint up sets screw thread and is connect with upper casing 3, barrel thickness 1-1.5mm.
5. ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper casing (3)
Height it is identical as lower casing (2), outer wall vertically midpoint toward having for spiral shell flexible up and down in lower casing (2)
Line, outer diameter are slightly less than the internal diameter of lower casing (2), barrel thickness 0.5-1mm.
6. ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described hit real equipment by
Stainless steel material is made, and the upper end of upper hollow shaft (15) is equipped with the screw thread for being connect with plane rough cutter piece (9), and top is hollow
The lower end position on the upper side of bar (15) opens up the hole of two diameter 0.5-1mm, and hole is symmetrical along upper hollow shaft (15), and
Hole inner wall reserves screw thread, and limiter (7) is inserted into hole and is fixedly connected with lower part solid hopkinson bar (16) with upper hollow shaft (15), under
The lower end of portion's solid hopkinson bar (16) is equipped with the screw thread being connect for compaction hammer (8) upper surface center position with thick round pie.
7. ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper hollow shaft
(15) outer diameter is 2-2.5mm, and the diameter of wall thickness 0.3-0.5mm, lower part solid hopkinson bar (16) are slightly less than upper hollow shaft (15)
Internal diameter.
8. a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil method for making sample, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
The first step：Equipment is installed
1. first according to sample preparation ratio of height to diameter and soil sample diameter calculation sample preparation height, if soil sample height is less than or equal to lower casing (2)
Highly, can soil sample directly be produced using lower casing (2), otherwise should combines casing (3) and makes soil sample together；
2. connecting lower casing (2) upper end with upper casing (3) lower end by internal and external screw thread, casing is adjusted according to sample preparation height
Total height；
3. by lower casing (2) lower end aligned pedestal (10) hole, the two is connected by screw thread, lower casing (2) outer wall after tightening
Zero graduation line should be concordant with pedestal (10) upper surface；
4. it is penetrated from the top of the casing and pedestal (10) connected or lower part using the waterproof rubber pattern of suitable tubular (4),
It is pierced by from the other end, is placed on part that both ends have more is counter on the outer wall of casing and pedestal (10)；
5. processed backing plate (11) is taken to be placed on clean and tidy, smooth and dry sample preparation table top, backing plate (11) upper surface is put permeable
Stone (12), and vaseline (14) will be applied on the outer wall of backing plate (11) and permeable stone (12)；
6. the pedestal (10) for having put on rubber pattern (4) is placed on permeable stone (12) and backing plate (11), pedestal (10) inner wall with
Gap is by having applied vaseline (14) sealing between backing plate (11) and permeable stone (12) outer wall, and ensures permeable stone (12) upper surface under
Casing (2) outer wall zero graduation line is concordant；
7. by rubber pattern (4), the gas between casing reserves gas vent by upper casing (3) and lower casing (2) outer wall with air-breathing ball
(5) it is sucked out, rubber pattern (4) is made to be close to casing inner wall；
8. unclamping the limiter (7) on transmission rod (6), power transmission pole length is adjusted according to casing total height, waits for lower part solid hopkinson bar
(16) after extension elongation determines, then limiter (7) is tightened to fix lower part solid hopkinson bar (16), and by compaction hammer (8) and dig rough cutter
Piece (9) is connected to the lower end and upper end of transmission rod (6)；
Second step：Native sample compacting
1. weighing the total of the soil body needed for required single soil sample according to soil sample volume and the corresponding soil body dry density of sample preparation compactness
Quality, and require to weigh the soil body and the quality such as be divided into according to testing regulations several parts；
2. first part of soil body is taken slowly to be sent into casing, shakeout with the plane rough cutter piece (9) of transmission rod (6) upper end, by casing outside
Wall graduation mark (13) reads filling soil sample loose laying depth h, and soil sample the height h1, Song Puhou after hitting reality are calculated according to soil sample dry density
Degree subtracts hit reality after height h-h1 to be this should hit real height；
3. hit in real time, compaction hammer (8) bottom surface is kept constant at a distance from soil sample surface, compaction hammer (8) must not be made fluctuated and
Cause soil sample compactness it is uneven, specifically fall fallen away from being determined according to trial test away from control by means of casing outer wall graduation mark (13)；
4. after this part of soil sample hits actual arrival predetermined altitude h1, the 2nd part of soil sample is taken slowly to be sent into casing, subsequent step and first part
Soil sample is identical, carries out hitting reality according to above-mentioned steps；
5. it hits during reality, can be as needed since soil body height is being continuously increased in casing, it is adjusted using limiter (7)
The total length of whole transmission rod (6)；
Third walks：Sample preparation device is removed
1. waiting for each part soil sample filling, hitting after the completion of reality, sample is placed on ordinary triaxial test instrument pedestal, it is full to carry out water-filling
With；
2. after sample is fully saturated, the rubber pattern (4) being placed in advance on upper casing (3) and pedestal (10) outer wall is reversed, by base
Seat (10) gently removed from sample together with casing, after by permeable stone (12) lower bolster (11) take out；
3. sample is positioned over ordinary triaxial test instrument pedestal together with permeable stone (12), sample lower part has more rubber pattern (4) set
It is tightly wrapped on triaxial apparatus pedestal and with rubber band, top has more rubber pattern (4) and equally twined in load plate with rubber band.
9. a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil method for making sample according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Root in the first step
When adjusting the total height of casing according to sample preparation height, casing total height is higher 2-3cm than sample；The thickness of the rubber pattern (4) is
0.2-0.5mm, length are more than sample 7-9cm.
10. a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil method for making sample according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：In the second step
It requires that the soil body will be weighed and be divided into etc. 5-8 parts of quality according to testing regulations.
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| CN109187141A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-11 | 重庆大学 | A kind of column cuts the preparation method of penetration testing sample |
| CN109357804A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-19 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of compacted soil horizontal stress test device and test method |
| CN109946128A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-28 | 同济大学 | A kind of subgrade soils test material preparation device |
| CN110333110A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-10-15 | 河海大学 | A kind of closely knit grittiness preparation of soil sample device of triaxial test |
| CN112345329A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-09 | 防灾科技学院 | Testing system for internal strain field in rock physical simulation test |
| CN112747982A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-04 | 扬州大学 | Hollow cylinder sample compaction device and compaction method |
| CN113252431A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-13 | 中铁二十一局集团第二工程有限公司 | Silt soil triaxial sample preparation device |
| CN114659864A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 长沙理工大学 | General type high compactness triaxial sample system appearance subassembly |
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| CN109357804A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-19 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of compacted soil horizontal stress test device and test method |
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| CN112747982A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-04 | 扬州大学 | Hollow cylinder sample compaction device and compaction method |
| CN113252431A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-13 | 中铁二十一局集团第二工程有限公司 | Silt soil triaxial sample preparation device |
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| CN114659864B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-04-11 | 长沙理工大学 | General type high compactness triaxial sample system appearance subassembly |
| CN114659864A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 长沙理工大学 | General type high compactness triaxial sample system appearance subassembly |
| CN115683769A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-02-03 | 大连理工大学 | Full-automatic large triaxial sample compaction device based on laser position measurement system and use method |
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