CN109357667B - Network-forming tunnel plane contact measurement method - Google Patents
Network-forming tunnel plane contact measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109357667B CN109357667B CN201811158767.1A CN201811158767A CN109357667B CN 109357667 B CN109357667 B CN 109357667B CN 201811158767 A CN201811158767 A CN 201811158767A CN 109357667 B CN109357667 B CN 109357667B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring tunnel plane connection in a network construction mode, which is characterized in that tunnel plane connection measurement is carried out in a network construction mode of combining a fixed survey station and a free survey station, multi-time-period observation is carried out, hole-entering connection measurement data in different time periods are combined and subjected to tight network construction adjustment, the edge with the minimum error in hole-entering connection edge azimuth angles and the azimuth angle thereof are calculated, and the edge is used as a calculation azimuth angle for controlling measurement in a hole. The invention can obtain the time interval with the minimum error in the azimuth angles of the hole-entering connection edges by combining the hole-entering connection measurement data in different time intervals and strictly balancing, and then uses the azimuth angles to carry out in-hole control measurement, thereby ensuring the precision of connection measurement to the maximum extent and reducing the transverse through error caused by the error in the azimuth angles of the connection edges.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel plane contact measurement, in particular to a network-forming tunnel plane contact measurement method.
Background
The traditional plane hole inside and outside linkage measurement takes one hole outside control point as a survey station and the other hole outside control point as a rear view direction, and then transmits coordinates and orientation reference outside the hole into the hole. For the long and large tunnel, the most critical plane relation measurement is the accuracy of azimuth transfer, which directly affects the lateral accuracy of control in the hole and the final lateral through error.
By adopting the plane connection measurement method in the network construction form, a large amount of redundant observation is carried out, the precision of the connection measurement can be strictly leveled and evaluated, the azimuth angle of a side with high precision of a certain azimuth angle in a hole is determined and used as the calculation azimuth angle of the plane control network in the hole, and therefore the precision of the connection measurement is ensured to the maximum extent and the transverse through error caused by the error in the azimuth angle of the connection side is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring tunnel plane association in a network construction mode, which solves the problems of determining an azimuth angle of an entrance hole in association measurement and evaluating the accuracy of the azimuth angle.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for measuring the plane connection of the network-forming tunnel is characterized in that:
and performing tunnel plane association measurement in a network construction mode combining a fixed survey station and a free survey station, performing multi-period observation, combining the hole-entering association measurement data at different periods and performing strict network construction adjustment, calculating the edge with the minimum error in hole-entering association edge azimuth angles and the azimuth angle thereof, and taking the edge as the calculation azimuth angle of control measurement in holes.
The method comprises a method for plane connection measurement of the internal control point and the external control point of the tunnel in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps:
the entry and rear-view GPS points adopt concrete forced observation piers, wire points in the holes are realized by adopting instrument brackets and forced centering marks, the instrument brackets realize forced centering by arranging a total station, the forced centering marks realize forced centering by installing a precision prism, and the instrument brackets are arranged on the inner side walls of the holes; during observation, a total station is erected on a hole entering GPS point by adopting a free station setting mode, a known GPS control point is viewed from the back, a first pair of hole inner lead points are viewed from the front, after observation is finished, the hole entering GPS control point and a second pair of hole inner lead points are observed by adopting the free station setting mode on the first pair of hole inner lead points, and connection measurement of hole entering and hole entering inside and outside is realized through a large amount of redundant observation and network formation observation.
The method comprises a method for plane connection measurement of the branch tunnel and the main tunnel in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps:
the wire points of the branch hole and the main hole adopt instrument brackets which are arranged on the inner side wall of the hole, and a pair of same wire points is arranged at the intersection of the branch hole and the main hole; when the station is freely established for multi-period observation, a pair of wire points nearest to the branch hole are observed behind the wire points at the intersection of the branch hole and the main hole, and a pair of nearest wires in the front and back of the main hole are observed behind the wire points, so that the plane connection measurement of the branch hole and the main hole is realized.
The method comprises a method for measuring the connection between a crossed wire net in the inclined shaft and a control point outside a hole near the inclined shaft head in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps:
the entering hole and the back vision GPS point adopt a conventional stone burying mode of a concrete forced observation pier and a cross wire point in the hole; during observation, a total station is erected on a hole-entering GPS point by adopting a free station-setting mode, a known GPS control point is viewed from the back, a hole-inside crossed wire point of a first pair of inclined well heads is viewed from the back, after observation is finished, the hole-entering GPS control point and a hole-inside crossed wire point of a second pair of holes are observed by adopting the free station-setting mode on the first pair of hole-inside crossed wire points respectively, finally, an instrument is erected at a proper position, stations are freely set at a reasonable position, so that the hole-entering GPS control point and the hole-outside crossed wire point of the first pair of holes can be observed, and connection measurement between the hole inside and the hole outside is realized by adopting a large amount of redundant observation and network-forming observation.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the in-tunnel and out-tunnel connection measurement network building model, the branch tunnel and main tunnel connection measurement and the inclined shaft and inclined shaft hole outer control point network building model are provided, and the network model is simple, easy to realize and convenient to measure.
2. Because the inside and outside connection measurement of the hole is influenced by the environment, the measured data has certain fluctuation, and the deviation caused by the environment is weakened in a mode of repeatedly observing in a plurality of time periods;
3. by combining the hole-entering connection measurement data in different time periods and strictly balancing, the time period with the minimum error in the hole-entering connection side azimuth angle can be finally obtained, and then the azimuth angle is used for carrying out in-hole control measurement, so that the connection measurement precision can be ensured to the maximum extent and the transverse through error caused by the error in the connection side azimuth angle can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plane connection measurement network of control points inside and outside a hole.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a plane-connected measurement network of a branch tunnel and a main tunnel.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-over wire network in a deviated well and a connection measurement network of control points outside the hole near the deviated well head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a method for measuring tunnel plane connection in a network construction mode, which is characterized in that tunnel plane connection measurement is carried out in a network construction mode combining a fixed survey station and a free survey station, measurement on the fixed survey station is carried out in a free survey station mode, multi-time-period observation is carried out, hole-entering connection measurement data in different time periods are combined and subjected to network construction strict adjustment, the edge with the minimum error in hole-entering connection edge azimuth angles and the azimuth angle thereof are calculated and used as a calculation azimuth angle for controlling measurement in a hole, and the precision of connection measurement can be ensured to the greatest extent and the transverse through error caused by the error in the connection edge azimuth angles can be reduced.
Based on the method, the invention designs a tunnel internal and external connection measurement network, branch tunnel and main tunnel connection measurement, inclined shaft internal and inclined shaft head tunnel external control point network model, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. the method comprises a method for plane connection measurement of the internal control point and the external control point of the tunnel in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps: (see FIG. 1)
The entering hole and the rear-view GPS point adopt concrete forced observation piers, the wire points in the hole are realized by adopting instrument brackets and forced centering marks, and the brackets are arranged on the inner side wall of the hole; during observation, a total station is erected on a hole entering GPS point by adopting a free station setting mode, a known GPS control point is viewed from the back, a first pair of hole inner lead points are viewed from the front, after observation is finished, the hole entering GPS control point and a second pair of hole inner lead points are observed by adopting the free station setting mode on the first pair of hole inner lead points, and connection measurement of hole entering and hole entering inside and outside is realized through a large amount of redundant observation and network formation observation.
2. The method comprises a method for plane connection measurement of the branch tunnel and the main tunnel in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps: (see FIG. 2)
The wire points of the branch holes and the main holes adopt instrument brackets (namely the 'erectable instrument forced centering device' in figure 2), the brackets are arranged on the inner side wall of the holes, and a pair of same wire points is arranged at the intersection of the branch holes and the main holes; when the station is freely established for multi-period observation, a pair of wire points nearest to the branch hole are observed behind the wire points at the intersection of the branch hole and the main hole, and a pair of nearest wires in the front and back of the main hole are observed behind the wire points, so that the plane connection measurement of the branch hole and the main hole is realized.
3. The method comprises a method for measuring the connection between a crossed wire net in the inclined shaft and a control point outside a hole near the inclined shaft head in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps: (see FIG. 3)
The entering hole and the rear view GPS point adopt a concrete forced observation pier (namely an out-hole GPS control point in figure 3), and a conventional stone burying mode is adopted for a cross wire point in the hole; during observation, a total station is erected on a hole-entering GPS point by adopting a free station-setting mode, a known GPS control point is viewed from the back, a hole-inside crossed wire point of a first pair of inclined well heads is viewed from the back, after observation is finished, the hole-entering GPS control point and a hole-inside crossed wire point of a second pair of holes are observed by adopting the free station-setting mode on the first pair of hole-inside crossed wire points respectively, finally, an instrument is erected at a proper position, stations are freely set at a reasonable position, so that the hole-entering GPS control point and the hole-outside crossed wire point of the first pair of holes can be observed, and connection measurement between the hole inside and the hole outside is realized by adopting a large amount of redundant observation and network-forming observation.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method for measuring the plane connection of the network-forming tunnel is characterized in that:
the tunnel plane contact measurement is carried out in a network construction mode combining a fixed survey station and a free survey station, the measurement on the fixed survey station is also carried out in a free survey station mode, multi-time-period observation is carried out, hole entrance contact measurement data in different time periods are combined and strictly leveled, the edge with the minimum error in hole entrance contact edge azimuth angles and the azimuth angle thereof are calculated, and the edge and the azimuth angle are used as the calculation azimuth angle of in-hole control measurement.
2. The method of network-type tunnel plane association measurement according to claim 1, wherein:
the method comprises a method for plane connection measurement of the internal control point and the external control point of the tunnel in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps:
the entry and rear-view GPS points adopt concrete forced observation piers, wire points in the holes are realized by adopting instrument brackets and forced centering marks, the instrument brackets realize forced centering by arranging a total station, the forced centering marks realize forced centering by installing a precision prism, and the instrument brackets are arranged on the inner side walls of the holes; during observation, a total station is erected on a hole entering GPS point by adopting a free station setting mode, a known GPS control point is viewed from the back, a first pair of hole inner lead points are viewed from the front, after observation is finished, the hole entering GPS control point and a second pair of hole inner lead points are observed by adopting the free station setting mode on the first pair of hole inner lead points, and connection measurement of hole entering and hole entering inside and outside is realized through a large amount of redundant observation and network formation observation.
3. The method of network-type tunnel plane association measurement according to claim 1, wherein:
the method comprises a method for plane connection measurement of the branch tunnel and the main tunnel in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps:
the wire points of the branch hole and the main hole adopt instrument brackets which are arranged on the inner side wall of the hole, and a pair of same wire points is arranged at the intersection of the branch hole and the main hole; when the station is freely established for multi-period observation, a pair of wire points nearest to the branch hole are observed behind the wire points at the intersection of the branch hole and the main hole, and a pair of nearest wires in the front and back of the main hole are observed behind the wire points, so that the plane connection measurement of the branch hole and the main hole is realized.
4. The method of network-type tunnel plane association measurement according to claim 1, wherein:
the method comprises a method for measuring the connection between a crossed wire net in the inclined shaft and a control point outside a hole near the inclined shaft head in a network construction mode, and is realized by the following steps:
the entering hole and the back vision GPS point adopt a conventional stone burying mode of a concrete forced observation pier and a cross wire point in the hole; during observation, a total station is erected on a hole-entering GPS point by adopting a free station-setting mode, a known GPS control point is viewed from the back, a hole-inside crossed wire point of a first pair of inclined well heads is viewed from the back, after observation is finished, the hole-entering GPS control point and a hole-inside crossed wire point of a second pair of holes are observed by adopting the free station-setting mode on the first pair of hole-inside crossed wire points respectively, finally, an instrument is erected at a proper position, stations are freely set at a reasonable position, so that the hole-entering GPS control point and the hole-outside crossed wire point of the first pair of holes can be observed, and connection measurement between the hole inside and the hole outside is realized by adopting a large amount of redundant observation and network-forming observation.
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| CN109855612A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-07 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | A kind of forced centering structure and its centering method for tunnel traverse survey inside tunnel |
| CN111829494A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-27 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Reusable tunnel lead short edge transfer forced centering observation pillar and method thereof |
| CN113532396B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-11-18 | 中铁十一局集团有限公司 | Tunnel plane control measurement method |
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| CN105716575A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-29 | 山西天昇测绘工程有限公司 | Method for rapid measurement of horizontal control network in engineering tunnel |
| CN106979768A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-07-25 | 中铁二十四局集团浙江工程有限公司 | The reverse coordinate transmission cultellation construction survey method of deep shaft |
| CN107063207A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-18 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of method that Multistage Control net measures power transmission cable tunnel axis |
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| JP2014190962A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-06 | Pasco Corp | Data analysis device, data analysis method, and program |
| CN103196425A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-10 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Estimation method of extra-long tunnel horizontal through error |
| EP2837913A1 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-18 | Honeywell International Inc. | Node placement planning |
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