CN109355730B - Preparation method of high-modulus high-elasticity polyurethane fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-modulus high-elasticity polyurethane fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN109355730B CN109355730B CN201811228070.7A CN201811228070A CN109355730B CN 109355730 B CN109355730 B CN 109355730B CN 201811228070 A CN201811228070 A CN 201811228070A CN 109355730 B CN109355730 B CN 109355730B
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- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000578 dry spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940113088 dimethylacetamide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006322 acrylamide copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ARQTVSWBVIWYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enamide;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N.NC(=O)C=C ARQTVSWBVIWYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003226 polyurethane urea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/94—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of other polycondensation products
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of high-modulus and high-elasticity polyurethane fiber. Firstly, dissolving a polyacrylonitrile-based polymer in an organic solvent to form uniform and stable solution; mixing and curing the mixture with a polyurethane solution to obtain a spinning solution; evaporating the spinning solution through a high-temperature channel to remove the organic solvent to form nascent fiber, and then performing false twisting, drafting, oiling and winding to finally obtain the finished product of spandex. The spandex prepared by the method has the characteristics of high modulus, good resilience, high elasticity retention rate and the like; the spandex is smoothly unwound and has low end breakage rate in the use process of high-speed air-covering and circular knitting, and the production efficiency of yarns and fabrics can be effectively improved; the woven cloth sample is flat and uniform, has excellent elasticity, and can still keep the original performance after being processed by links such as shaping, dyeing and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a preparation method of polyurethane elastic fiber, and particularly relates to a preparation method of high-modulus and high-elasticity polyurethane fiber.
Background
Polyurethane fiber (spandex for short) is a synthetic fiber with good elasticity, and is widely applied to the fields of underwear, sportswear, silk stockings, tights, paper diapers and the like. However, in recent years, with the continuous expansion of spandex application fields and the change and development of weaving and dyeing, the conventional spandex products can not meet diversified subsequent process requirements gradually. For example, in the use process of high-speed air-bag or circular knitting, because the modulus of spandex is insufficient, yarn breakage occurs in the unwinding or weaving process, and the smooth production of yarn and fabric is influenced; for example, in the field of paper diapers, the insufficient elasticity of spandex can cause the looseness of the bottom protection of the paper diaper, and the side leakage prevention effect is influenced; in addition, after the ammonia-containing fabric is subjected to high-temperature setting and dyeing treatment, the problems of unstable width, looseness and the like caused by the loss of elasticity of spandex can be solved. Therefore, spandex with high modulus and high elasticity is one of the most popular products in the market.
The improvement of modulus and elasticity is always the focus of spandex research and development. The conventional technical scheme is to increase the hard segment content of spandex and use a chain extension reactant with high regularity and the like. However, these methods have a limited effect on improving the modulus and elasticity of spandex. The inventor of the Zhoujiajun et al (CN103789864A) proposed that polyurethane polymer stock solution and a free radical initiator are blended to prepare spinning stock solution, and the free radical initiator in the spinning stock solution is decomposed to release free radicals during high-temperature dry spinning to initiate polyurethane polymer to form polyurethane elastic fibers with micro-crosslinking among molecules. The spandex prepared by the method has the characteristics of high strength, high modulus and high temperature resistance, and is suitable for being used as a high-temperature dyed fabric raw material and an elastic fiber for wear-resistant and wear-resistant military clothes. Liuxin et al (CN 105155003A) of Wuhan textile university extrudes polyurethane spinning solution through a spinneret orifice, mixes the polyurethane spinning solution with deionized water, ammonium salt, organic solvent containing amide bonds, acetone and anionic surfactant to obtain solidification solution, and performs wet-process drawing forming and heat treatment to obtain the high-strength high-modulus high-elasticity polyurethane fiber. Korea Xiaoxing company (CN1846018A) adds 1-20 wt% of cellulose acetate to a polyurethane or polyurethane-urea solution to prepare an elastic fiber having high modulus and high heat resistance.
Generally, the factors determining the modulus and elasticity of spandex include the molecular weight of polyurethane, the flexibility of molecular segments, and the interaction force among molecular segments. Wherein, the interaction force among spandex molecular chain segments is mainly formed by physical entanglement and hydrogen bonds. These forces are significantly reduced after the fiber is subjected to high draw down and high temperature dyeing processes, macroscopically manifested as a reduction in modulus and resilience. So far, few patent documents report that the modulus and elasticity are improved by improving or increasing the interaction force of spandex molecular chains.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention provides a preparation method of high-modulus and high-elasticity polyurethane fiber. The invention aims to solve the problems of low modulus, deviation of elastic recovery rate and serious elastic recovery loss after shaping or dyeing treatment of the conventional common spandex product.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the present invention adds a vinylcyanide polymer to polyurethane to prepare elastic fiber. Polyacrylonitrile-based polymers have a large number of strongly polar cyano groups (-CN) in their structure. The polymer is mixed with polyurethane, which is equivalent to the insertion and introduction of strong polar molecular chain segments among polyurethane molecular chains. The molecular chains can effectively increase the interaction force among the polyurethane molecular chains, thereby reducing chain segment slippage or breakage caused by hydrogen bond dissociation in the stretching process and in a high-temperature state of the molecular chains. The performance of the spandex is obviously improved in modulus, rebound resilience and elasticity retention rate.
The preparation method of the high-modulus and high-elasticity polyurethane fiber comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of a solution of a vinylcyanide polymer: placing the acrylonitrile polymer in a drying oven at 60-100 ℃ for dewatering and drying, then putting the acrylonitrile polymer into a mixing tank filled with a polar organic solvent, preserving heat at 40-80 ℃, stirring and dissolving, and then filtering the dissolved solution by using a filter to obtain an acrylonitrile polymer solution;
2) preparation of the mixed spinning dope: mixing the polyurethane solution and the acrylonitrile polymer solution, adding a lubricant, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet light resistant auxiliary agent and a dyeing auxiliary agent for curing, and stirring at constant temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain a mixed spinning stock solution;
3) dry spinning process of mixed spinning dope: conveying the mixed spinning solution to a gear pump, and forming a solution trickle through a fine hole of a spinneret plate; the raw liquid trickle passes through a spinning shaft at the temperature of 200-260 ℃ to evaporate the organic solvent to become nascent fiber; and the nascent fibers are cohered into a bundle by a false twisting device, drawn by a yarn guide roller, oiled by an oiling roller, and finally wound by a winding machine to obtain the high-modulus and high-elasticity polyurethane fiber.
Wherein:
the adopted acrylonitrile-based polymer is one or a combination of polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-acrylamide copolymer or methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer.
The mass fraction of acrylonitrile in the acrylonitrile-based polymer is more than 20 percent, and the number average molecular weight of the acrylonitrile-based polymer is 50000-100000.
The polar solvent used for dissolving the acrylonitrile-based polymer is one or two of formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, trifluoroacetic acid, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
The mass concentration of the polyacrylonitrile-based polymer solution is 5-50%, and the viscosity is 1000-3000 poise.
The mass concentration of the polyurethane solution is 32-40%, and the viscosity is 3000-5000 poise.
The mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile-based polymer to the polyurethane is 1/99-50/50.
And (4) dehydrating and drying in the oven for 12-24 hours.
And keeping the temperature at 40-80 ℃, stirring and dissolving for 5-24 hours.
Stirring at the constant temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 24-48 hours.
The fineness of the spandex product prepared by the method can be 20-1080 denier, and the spandex product can be matched with fibers such as nylon, terylene, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, viscose fibers, cotton, tencel, real silk and the like for use, and is used for producing products such as underwear, silk stockings, swimwear, casual sportswear, jeans fabric, woven belts, paper diapers and the like.
Has the advantages that: the method has simple and uncomplicated process, needs economical and cheap raw materials, and is suitable for industrial production and popularization; compared with the common spandex, the prepared spandex has the characteristics of high modulus, good resilience, high elasticity retention rate and the like; the spandex has low end breakage rate and smooth unwinding in the use process of high-speed air-covering or circular knitting, and can effectively improve the production efficiency of yarns and fabrics; the woven cloth is flat and uniform in sample and excellent in elasticity, and can still keep the original characteristics and excellent hand feeling after being treated by boiling, rinsing, sizing, dyeing and other links.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of a solution of a vinylcyanide polymer. The acrylonitrile polymer is firstly placed in a 60-100 ℃ oven for dehydration and drying for 12-24 hours. Then putting the acrylonitrile polymer into a mixing tank filled with a polar organic solvent, and stirring and dissolving for 5-24 hours at a constant temperature of 40-80 ℃. Then, the dissolved solution was filtered with a filter to obtain an acrylonitrile polymer solution.
(2) Preparation of the mixed spinning dope. Mixing the polyurethane solution and the acrylonitrile polymer solution, adding a lubricant, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet light resistant auxiliary agent, a dyeing auxiliary agent and the like for curing, and stirring at the constant temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 24-48 hours to obtain a mixed spinning solution.
(3) Dry spinning process of mixed dope. Conveying the mixed spinning solution to a gear pump, and forming a solution trickle through a fine hole of a spinneret plate; the raw liquid trickles pass through a spinning shaft at the temperature of 200 DEG and 260 DEG to evaporate the organic solvent to become nascent fibers; the nascent fibers are cohered into a bundle by a false twisting device, drawn by a yarn guide roller, oiled by an oiling roller, and finally wound by a winding machine to obtain the finished product of spandex.
Wherein:
the adopted acrylonitrile-based polymer is one or a combination of polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-acrylamide copolymer and methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer. The mass number of acrylonitrile in the acrylonitrile-based polymer is greater than 20%, preferably greater than 40%; the number average molecular weight of the acrylonitrile-based polymer was 50000-100000.
The polar solvent used for dissolving the acrylonitrile polymer in the invention is one or two of formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, trifluoroacetic acid, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
In the invention, the mass concentration of the polyacrylonitrile-based polymer solution is 5-50%, and the viscosity is 1000-3000 poise.
In the invention, the mass concentration of the polyurethane solution is 32-40%, and the viscosity is 3000-5000 poise.
The mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile-based polymer to the polyurethane in the invention is 1/99-50/50.
Example 1
1.2Kg of polyacrylonitrile powder with molecular weight of about 8 ten thousand is selected and put into an oven with 80 ℃ for drying for 24 hours. Then adding polyacrylonitrile into 6.0Kg of dimethyl acetamide, heating to 60 ℃, stirring and mixing at high speed for 10 hours. The dissolution solution was filtered using a 2000-3000 mesh filter to obtain a polyacrylonitrile solution with a viscosity of 3000 poise. Selecting 31.0kg of 35 mass percent polyurethane solution with the viscosity of 4000 poise, mixing the polyurethane solution with the polyacrylonitrile solution, simultaneously adding a lubricant, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet-resistant auxiliary agent and a dyeing auxiliary agent, and stirring at the constant temperature of 50 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a mixed spinning solution. Then conveying the mixed spinning solution to a gear pump, and forming a solution trickle through the fine holes of a spinneret plate; the raw liquid trickles pass through a spinning shaft at 240 ℃ to evaporate the solvent to become nascent fibers; and the nascent fibers are encircled into a bundle by a false twisting device, are drawn by a yarn guide roller, are oiled by an oiling roller, and are wound by a winding machine to obtain a spandex sample 1 with the fineness of 40 deniers.
Example 2
Example 2 the same procedure as in example 1 was followed except that the amount of polyacrylonitrile used was changed to 2.7kg, and the resulting spandex was designated as sample 2.
Example 3
Example 3 the same procedure as in example 1 was followed except that the amount of polyacrylonitrile used was changed to 3.6kg, and the resulting spandex was designated as sample 3.
Example 4
Example 4 the same procedure as in example 1 was followed except that the selected acrylonitrile-based polymer was changed to an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer in an amount of 2.7kg, and the resulting spandex was designated as sample 4.
Example 5
Example 5 the same procedure as in example 1 was followed except that the acrylonitrile-based polymer selected was changed to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer in an amount of 2.7kg, and the resulting spandex was designated as sample 5.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example sample 1 is a spandex product spun from a common polyurethane stock solution without adding any acrylonitrile-based polymer.
The samples of each example were subjected to a spandex mechanical tensile test, and the specific performance indexes are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of the samples of the examples and of the comparative samples COMPARATIVE TABLE (40D)
Note that: modulus is the stress value required to stretch spandex to 300% elongation;
the term "resilience" means the recovery from elongation and the resilience (L)1-L2)/(L1-L0) 100% of the total weight; in the formula L0The original length of the sample is obtained; l is1The length of the sample after being stretched to 300% elongation; l is2The recovery length of the sample after stretching;
the rebound resilience after dyeing and finishing refers to an elasticity value obtained by testing after the spandex is subjected to setting and dyeing treatment.
The samples of each example are placed on a high-speed air covering machine and a large circular knitting machine to carry out yarn covering and weaving experiments for 12 hours, and the yarn breaking times of spandex are recorded, wherein the specific experimental conditions are shown in the following table:
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method of high-modulus and high-elasticity polyurethane fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation of a solution of a vinylcyanide polymer: placing the acrylonitrile polymer in a drying oven at 60-100 ℃ for dewatering and drying, then putting the acrylonitrile polymer into a mixing tank filled with a polar organic solvent, preserving heat at 40-80 ℃, stirring and dissolving, and then filtering the dissolved solution by using a filter to obtain an acrylonitrile polymer solution;
2) preparation of mixed spinning solution: mixing the polyurethane solution and the acrylonitrile polymer solution, adding a lubricant, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet light resistant auxiliary agent and a dyeing auxiliary agent for curing, and stirring at constant temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain a mixed spinning stock solution;
3) the dry spinning process of the mixed spinning solution comprises the following steps: conveying the mixed spinning solution to a gear pump, and forming a solution trickle through a fine hole of a spinneret plate; the raw liquid trickle passes through a spinning shaft at the temperature of 200-260 ℃ to evaporate the organic solvent to become nascent fiber; the nascent fibers are cohered into a bundle by a false twisting device, drawn by a yarn guide roller, oiled by an oiling roller, and finally wound by a winding machine to obtain the polyurethane fiber with high modulus and elasticity;
wherein,
the adopted acrylonitrile-based polymer is one or a combination of polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer;
the mass fraction of acrylonitrile in the acrylonitrile-based polymer is more than 20 percent, and the number average molecular weight of the acrylonitrile-based polymer is 50000-100000;
the mass ratio of the acrylonitrile-based polymer to the polyurethane is 1/99-2.7/10.85.
2. The method for preparing high modulus and high elasticity polyurethane fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polar organic solvent used to dissolve the acrylonitrile based polymer is one or a combination of two of formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, trifluoroacetic acid, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
3. The method for preparing high modulus and high elasticity polyurethane fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the acrylonitrile based polymer solution is 5-50%, and the viscosity is 1000-3000 poise.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the polyurethane solution is 32-40%, and the viscosity is 3000-5000 poise.
5. The method for preparing high modulus and high elasticity polyurethane fiber according to claim 1, wherein the drying in the oven is performed for 12-24 hours with water removal.
6. The method for preparing high modulus and high elasticity polyurethane fiber according to claim 1, wherein the dissolving is carried out under stirring at 40-80 ℃ for 5-24 hours.
7. The method for preparing high modulus and high elasticity polyurethane fiber according to claim 1, wherein the stirring is carried out at a constant temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 24-48 hours.
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| CN109957851A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-02 | 四川大学 | One kind matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110791835B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-05-03 | 华峰化学股份有限公司 | Preparation method of spandex fiber with low filament breakage rate |
| CN111826764B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-10-15 | 吴忠德悦纺织科技有限公司 | Preparation method of modified multi-component composite yarn |
| CN112430874A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-02 | 福建省百顺纺织实业有限公司 | Yarn processing technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS49116328A (en) * | 1973-03-08 | 1974-11-07 | ||
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